2024-2025學(xué)年浙江省杭州市西湖區(qū)學(xué)軍西溪,學(xué)軍紫金港,學(xué)軍海創(chuàng)園高二上學(xué)期期末考英語(yǔ)試卷

一、閱讀理解(★★★)WhatisaGPA?AGPA,orGradePointAverage,typicallyrangingfromonetofour,isanumberreflectingyourcourseperformanceonaverage.It’susedbyuniversitiestodeterminewhetherstudentsmeetacademicstandardsandbystudentstoenhancejobprospectsorsecureadmissionintopost-graduateprograms.HowtocalculateaGPA?●Determinethelettergradeandthenumberofcredithoursforeachcourseyoutakeinaterm;●Translatethelettergradetogradepointsusingyourschool’sgradingsystem;●Multiplythegradepointsbythecredithoursforthatcourse;●Addupallthecredithoursforthecourses;●DividethetotalnumberofgradepointsbythetotalcredithoursandyougettheGPA.

Example:AcademicTranscriptofJaneSmithWinter2023CoursesLetterGradeGradepointsCredithoursTotalpointsGPACreativeWritingA+4.0312-PsychologyA-3.7311.1-HistoryB+3.339.9-ComputerScienceF0.020-Total--1133

Whataretheconsequencesoffailingcollegecourses?●Everyfailinggrade(F)significantlyimpactsyourGPAforthatacademicyear,limitingclubs,organizationsandprogramchoices,ascompetitiveprogramsrequiretopGPAs.●MostfinancialaidprogramsrequireaspecificGPA.AsharpdropinGPAduetoseveralcoursefailuresmayleadtowithdrawalfromfinancialaidprograms,unlessyouretakethecoursesandpass.●Forcollegeathletesonsportsscholarships,failingcoursesrepeatedlycanleadtolosingscholarshipsandteamsports.●Failingmultiplecoursescanresultinschoolremovalandaffectfutureapplications.1.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?

A．Anacademiccourseguide.B．Acampusjobfairposter.C．Agraduateapplicationform.D．Anathleticteamschedule.2.WhatisJaneSmith’sGPAthisterm?

A．3.3.B．3.0.C．2.8.D．1.0.3.WhatwouldbearesultifyougetoneFincollege?

A．Schoolremoval.B．Lossoffinancialaid.C．Choicelimitation.D．Disqualificationinsports.(★★★)Withafullcareerinbothpoliticsandbusiness,HiramFongneversetouttodeveloponeofOahu’smostimpressivehorticulture(園藝)attractions.Fong,whosepoliticalcareerlastedoverthirtyyears,wasoneofthefirsttwosenators(參議員)fromHawaiiwhenitbecameastatein1959andthefirstAsianAmericantoserveintheUSSenate.Beforeworkinginpolitics,FongpaidhisownwaythroughHarvardLawSchooland,upongraduatinghelpedfoundandrunalawfirm.Fongeventuallyledseveralcompanies,allthewhile,gardeningwashisescape.In1950,Fongpurchasedmorethan700acresoflandonOahu,aboveKaneoheBay.Wantingtoexperimentwithgrowingfruit,heplantedbanana,thenpapaya,lemon,jackfruit,andavocado.Byalsochoosingtoplantcropssuchasbamboo,coconut,betelnut,andturmeric,hebroadenedthetypesofplantsinhisgardenanddevelopedalandscaperemindingpeopleofHawaiihundredsofyearsago.Afterheretiredfrompoliticsin1977,Fongcontinuedtobeinchargeofhiscompanies,buthefocusedongardening,personallyimportingandplantingcountlessspeciesofplants.Eventually,hedividedhislandintofivegardens,eachonenamedafteraUSpresidentwhohadservedwhileFongwasasenator.TheEisenhowerPlateauisdedicatedtonativeChineseplants,suchastheHongKongorchidtreeandtheJavaplum.TheJohnsonPlateaufeaturesforeignfruits.KennedyValleysupportsgingerandpalmsfromallovertheworld.NixonValleyaboundswithflowerswhiletheFordPlateauhighlightshillsidesofpiligrasses.ThepreserveisnownamedSenatorFong’sPlantationandGardens,completewithavisitors’centerandguidedtours.Untilhisdeathin2004atninety-seven.Fongspenteveryweekendtendingtohisflowersandtreesandassociatingwithvisitors.Heconsideredgardeningacontributingreasonforhislongandhealthylife.4.WhatmadeFongstartgardening?

A．HislifeexperiencesinHawaii.B．Hisbigambitionforbusiness.C．Hispoliticalcareerasasenator.D．Histemporaryreleasefromreality.5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A．Fong’sfurtherdevotiontogardeningB．Fong’smanagementofcompanies.C．Fong’sresearchonplantspecies.D．Fong’snamingofhisgardens.6.WhatcanbelearntaboutFongfromthelastparagraph?

A．Helivedquiteabusybutregularlifeinhisoldage.B．Hecreditedgardeningforhislongandhealthylife.C．Hekepttakingcareofflowersashisdailyroutine.D．Hespenthislateryearsestablishingavisitors’centre.7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveythroughthispassage?

A．Itiscareanddiligencethatbringluck.B．Ittakesthreegenerationstomakeagentleman.C．Nothinggreatiseverachievedwithoutenthusiasm.D．Patienceisaflowerthatgrowsnotineveryone’sgarden.(★★★★)Thenegativenatureofpeerpressure(同伴壓力)isoftenpresentedwithoutquestion.Theundesirableeffectofpeerpressurecannotbedenied,butisitalsopossiblethatpeerpressuremightnotentirelydeserveitsbadreputation?Couldpeerpressurealsohavepositiveeffectsonthepersonaldevelopmentandbehaviorofyoungpeople?Alookatthescientificliteraturerevealsexactlythatpeerpressureisnotalwaysaforceforthedarkside.Manystudiessuggestthatpeerpressureandthedesiretoconform(順從)aresimplyapartofbeinghuman.Humans,afterall,arehighlysocialbeings.Ifhumansarehard-wiredtorespondtopeerpressure,thenitmakessensetoexaminehowitcanbeusedtochangebehaviorinapositiveway.Imagineasituation:studentXhasalwaysenjoyedplayingtheguitarbutislazyandunmotivated.Althoughinitiallyunwilling,sheispersuadedtojoinaschoolband.Thegroupofstudentsispreparingforaperformanceandtheexistingmembersareenthusiastic,focusedandhardworking.Gradually,studentXiscaughtupinthespiritofthebandandbeforelongsheiswillinglymakingthesamecommitmentoftimeandeffortsotheycanachieveacommongoal.Sohowdoesitwork?Peerpressure-bothpositiveandnegative-followsarecognizablepsychologicalprocess.IfstudentXdoesnotinformtotheestablishedcultureoftheband,sherisksrejection.Todispeltension,studentXchangesherhabitsandincreasestheamountoftimeandenergyshedevotestopractice.Somepsychologistsdescribethistranspositionofpersonalgoalsorstandardstoachieveharmonyaspartofa“identityshift”.Thekeytounderstandingtheconceptofpeerpressureanditspoweroverhumansistocloselyexaminethescienceoftheprocess,ratherthanfocusonitsnegativeaspects.Providingaone-dimensionalviewoftheconceptencouragesthebias(偏見(jiàn))thatpeerpressureisastrictlyundesirablefeatureofhumansociety.Instead,weshouldbeexploringwaytouseitspowerforgood.8.Whydoestheauthorraisethetwoquestionsaboutpeerpressureinparagraph1?

A．Topointoutmisinterpretationsofit.B．Toencouragereflectiononit.C．Todoubttheinvestigationsintoit.D．Toshowgeneralperceptionsofit.9.WhatshouldstudentXdotofitintotheband?

A．Enhanceherleadership.B．Sticktoheroldroutines.C．Learntoplaymoreinstruments.D．Investmoreenergyinplayingtheguitar.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dispel”inparagraph3mean?

A．Hide.B．Sense.C．Remove.D．Display.11.whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．PeerPressure:HarmfulorHelpful?B．PeerPressure:AKeytoGroupSuccessC．PeerPressure:BeyondtheNegativeLabelD．PeerPressure:APsychologicalPerspective(★★★)Nobelcommitteesrecognizedthetransformativepowerofartificialintelligence(AI)intwooftheprizesfor2024—honoringpioneersofneural(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的)networksinthephysicsprize,andthedevelopersofcomputationaltoolstostudyanddesignproteinsinthechemistryprize.Butnotallresearchersarehappy.Severalphysicistsarguedthatthescienceunderlyingmachinelearningwasnotactuallyphysics.“Ilikemachinelearningandartificialneuralnetworksasmuchasthenextperson,butit’shardtoseethatthisisaphysicsdiscovery.”JonathanPritchard,anastrophysicistatImperialCollegeLondon.Noteveryonewastroubled,however.“HopfieldandHinton’sresearchbroughttogetherphysics,math,computerscienceandneuroscience,”saidMattStrassler,atheoreticalphysicistatHarvardUniversity,“Inthatsense,itbelongstoallofthesefields.”AnilAnanthaswamy,asciencewriterbasedinBerkeley,pointedoutthatalthoughtheresearchcitedbytheNobelcommitteemightnotbetheoreticalphysicsinthepurestsense,itisrootedintechniquesandconceptsfromphysics,suchasenergy.ButAnilalsoadded,theconnectionwithphysicsbecamemoredelicateinupcomingdevelopmentsinmachinelearning,particularlyintechniquesthatmadeneuralnetworkseasiertotrain.ComputerscienceseemedtobecompletingitsNobeltakeoverthedayafterthephysicsprizeannouncement,whenDemisHassabisandJohnJumperwonhalfofthechemistryNobel.TheprizewasarecognitionoftheinnovativeforceofAI,butalsoofthesteadygatheringofknowledgeinstructuralandcomputationalbiology.“Itwasn’tjustthatwewenttowork,pressedtheAIbutton,andthenallwenthome,”Jumpersaid.“Itwasreallyaniterative(迭代的)processwherewedeveloped,wedidresearch,wetriedtofindtherightkindofcombinationsbetweenwhatthecommunityunderstoodaboutproteinsandhowwebuildthoseinsightsintoourarchitecture.”Sincetheywerefirstawardedin1901,theNobelshaveoftenhighlightedtheimpactofresearchonsociety,andhaverewardedpracticalinventions,notonlypurescience.Inthisrespect,thisyear’sprizesarenotoutliers.12.HowdidJonathanPritchardreacttothisyear’sNobelPrizeinPhysics?

A．Hepraisedtheorganizers.B．Hedoubtedthediscovery.C．Hecongratulatedthewinners.D．Hequestionedtheclassification.13.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?

A．HopfieldandHinton’sresearchisacombinationofmultiplefields.B．TheNobelcommitteeonlyconsiderspuretheoreticalphysicsforawards.C．Theconnectionbetweenphysicsandmachinelearningisirrelevant.D．Thefuturedevelopmentsinmachinelearningwillcompletelyeliminatephysics.14.WhatdidJumperowetheirachievementto?

A．TheAI-powerediterativeresearch.B．Theinnovativeresearchinarchitecture.C．Thecommunity-drivenresearchprocess.D．TheuseofAIresearchforquickanswers.15.Whichofthefollowingquestionsdoesthetextmainlyaddress?

A．Whowonthisyear’sNobelsusingAI?B．Howdothisyear’sNobelsreflectAI’srole?C．Whyarescientistsagainstthisyear’sNobels?D．What’stheoutcomeofthisyear’sNobelsdebate?(★★★)Britishlibrariesareincrisis—again.TheUKhaslostonein20since2016,with180closedinthattime,aBBCinvestigationhasrevealed.Themostdisadvantagedareasarearoundfourtimesmorelikelytolosealibrarythantherichest.16Astheeducationalachievementgapbetweenchildrenfromtherichestandpoorestbackgroundshasgrownpost-COVID,therolethatlibrariescanplayinimprovingtheabilitytoreadandstimulatingaloveofreadingcouldn’tbemorevital.17TheChildren’sLaureate(榮譽(yù)獲得者),FrankCottrellBoyce,stressedtheirimportancefor“humancontact”.HismotherusedthelibraryasanescapefromtheirlimitedLiverpoolhome.Forothers,itisashelterfrombullying,asonereadertoldtheGuardian.18Theactivitiesofferdesperatelyneededcompanytoisolatedparents,aswellasinspirationsforchildren.What’smore,ifyoudon’thaveaccesstotheInternetoraprinter,ifyoustrugglewithEnglishorcan’tkeepwarminwinter,librariesarenotsimplysomewheretoborrowbooks.19Aboveall,homelessness,loneliness,mentalhealth,childcarecosts,illiteracyandhealtheducationarealsosomeofthechallengesthatlibrarieshelptodealwithasotherbasicpublicserviceshavedisappeared.Despiteallthesebenefits,fundingforlibrariesisneverapriority,defeatedbythemoreurgentdemandsofhealthcareandschools.20Campaignersaretryingtoputemphasisonthatmessagebeforeitistoolate.Onethinglibrariesdon’tneedismorewords.Theyneedon-goingandconsiderablefunding.

A．Whatcanyoudotohelptoreopenthelibraries?B．Butconcernsabouttheirlong-termfutureremain.C．Butitisnotjustbooksthatmakethemmagicalplaces.D．Meanwhile,fundingforlibrarieshashalvedsince2010.E．Youcanevenspendawholedaytherewithoutbuyingacupoftea.F．However,properlyresourced,theycanhelprelievethepressuresonboth.G．Whereelsecanyoufindcraftworkshops,Lego,andauthorevents,allforfree?二、完形填空(★★★★)ItisFebruary2020,andit’salmostascoldinsideasout.BythetimeIhavefinished_________andwalkedout,it’s9p.m.It’snothardtofindmygroupbecausethey’realreadywaiting,wearing_________blackpolarbootsthesizeofatrunk.OurguideisCéline,aFrenchwoman.“Thepredictioniscloudstonight,”shetellsus.“Butyouneverknow,sowewillstillbe_________.”Afterabout20minutes,thebus_________atAurora(極光)Village,acollectionofsmallbuildingsbesideafrozenlake.Gettingoffthebus,Icouldn’thelp_________fromfoottofoot.Minutesafter,theclouds_________.“Isthatit?”someoneasks,pointingatasmalldome(圓頂)ofbrightnessonthehorizon.Theauroraisabeautiful,thoughhardto_________,phenomenon,occurringyear-roundandtourismrunsonexpectationsstimulatedbytravelwebsites.However,thousandsofenhancedphotosofemerald-greenandruby-redarcs(弧線)makefalse_________.SoI’vetriedtokeepmyownexpectations_________.Overabout20minutes,however,acloud__________intoafinewhitearestretchingacrossthesky,brighteninguntilitisariverofpearl.CélineandIliebackonapileof__________,watchingtheglowingtrackcrosstheskylikeapainter’s__________.Idon’tgenerallydothiskindofthing:travelin__________,withguides.I’malwaystooshyforgroups.Butviewingtheauroraisapeculiarundertaking,somethingbestdoneinverycoldplacesatnight,__________cities,inanenvironmentthatdoesn’t__________thesolotraveler.21.A．bathingB．eatingC．bookingD．dressing22.A．formalB．fancyC．identicalD．distinct23.A．hopefulB．thankfulC．carefulD．regretful24.A．turnsbackB．drivesthroughC．breaksdownD．pullsup25.A．shiftingB．steppingC．slidingD．shaking26.A．escapeB．liftC．faintD．a(chǎn)ppear27.A．refuseB．reformC．imagineD．predict28.A．promisesB．decisionsC．statementsD．a(chǎn)rrangements29.A．highB．unrealisticC．lowD．great30.A．runsB．dividesC．growsD．a(chǎn)bsorbs31.A．touristsB．photosC．dirtD．snow32.A．brushB．blanketC．handD．desire33.A．wondersB．packsC．bootsD．pairs34.A．a(chǎn)roundB．beyondC．inbetweenD．farfrom35.A．compriseB．surpriseC．punishD．reward三、語(yǔ)法填空(★★★)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容。一個(gè)單詞或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Scientistshavediscoveredtheremainsof36appearstobeanancientsheep-drawnchariot(戰(zhàn)車)nearthefamousTerracottaArmyinthewesterntombofEmperorQinShiHuang.Themainstructureofthechariothaslikelyrotted(腐爛)awayafter37(spend)morethan2,000yearsinthegroundbutresearchersdidfindarowofsixsheepskeletons(骨架)wearingattachmentsusedforpullingachariot,sothey38(infer)thiswasasheep-drawnchariot.Horse-drawnchariotswerecommoninancientChina,butasheep-drawnchariotis39extremelyrarefind.ThefounderoftheWesternJinDynasty,EmperorWu,orSimaYan,whoruledfrom266to290CE,issaid40(ride)inasheep-drawncarriagearoundhispalacecomplexeverynightandwouldsleepwhereverthesheepstopped.Researchershopelaboratory41(analyze)onthewesterntomb’sburialchamber,whichiscurrentlyunderway,willhelpthemdeterminewhowasburiedthere.Inadditiontothesix-sheepchariot,scientistsunearthedafour-wheeled42(wood)chariot,probablydrawnbyhorses,43(equip)withafancyumbrella.Itistheoldestof44(it)typeeverfound.Theyalsofoundawealthofirontoolsandweapons,providingnewinsightintotheperiod45irontoolsfirstbegantoappear.四、書(shū)信寫(xiě)作(★★★)46.假定你是李華，你所在的團(tuán)隊(duì)成功晉級(jí)校級(jí)英語(yǔ)辯論賽決賽。請(qǐng)你向指導(dǎo)你們的外教Peter寫(xiě)一封感謝信，內(nèi)容包括：1.感謝指導(dǎo)；2.比賽經(jīng)歷；3.成員表現(xiàn)。注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearPeter,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua五、書(shū)面表達(dá)(★★★★)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Istoodintherestaurantkitchen,myeyeswide,armshangingawkwardly,readytoworkbutunsureofwhattodo.“Youwillbetrainedfirst,”mymanagerAaronsaid,“anddoremembertocheckeverydetail!”Withthesewords,hewalkedaway.Aworkmatethrewmeadishbrushandsaid,“Let’sgetstarted.”Heintroducedmetothebasicsofwashingdishesanddemonstratedtheprocess.Thiswasthebeginningofmypart-timejob,anewstagewhereIwasbotheagertolearnandanxiousaboutthechallengesahead.OnaFridaynight,Aaronswiftlyenteredthekitchen.“Whohasjustbused(收拾)thebackrighttable?”heshouted,hisvoicesharpwithurgency.Myhands,slipperywithbubblesfromthebowlIwaswashing,nearlyletitslipthroughmyfingers.IwantedtosayIwasguilty,butAaron’scoldstaredidn’tpromiseahappyrewardfortheguywhoadmitted.Finally,amixoffearandmyownconsciencepushedtheresponseoutofmymouth.“Idid,Aaron.”