2025年英語四六級閱讀理解長篇技巧專項訓練試卷考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartIReadingComprehension(40minutes)Directions:Thereare2passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTheriseofthe"gigeconomy"hasbeenoneofthemostsignificanttransformationsinthelabormarketoverthepastdecade.Fueledbydigitalplatformsthatconnectserviceproviderswithcustomers,industriesfromtransportationandfooddeliverytofreelancewritingandgraphicdesignhaveseenasurgeinshort-term,project-basedwork.Whileproponentshighlighttheflexibilityandautonomyitoffers,criticsraiseconcernsaboutjobsecurity,benefits,andthepotentialforexploitation.Forworkers,thegigeconomypresentsauniquesetofopportunitiesandchallenges.Ontheonehand,itallowsindividualstoworkontheirownterms,choosingprojectsthatfittheirschedulesandinterests.Thisisparticularlyappealingtostudents,parents,orthoseseekingsupplementaryincome.Theabilitytoworkremotelyandserveaglobalclienteleaddstotheallure.Ontheotherhand,thelackoftraditionaljobsecuritycanbedaunting.Gigworkersoftenfaceincomeinstability,withearningsfluctuatingsignificantlyfrommonthtomonth.Furthermore,theytypicallyforgobenefitslikehealthinsurance,paidleave,andretirementplansthatarestandardinconventionalemployment.Theimpactofthegigeconomyonbusinessesandthebroadereconomyisalsoprofound.Companiesbenefitfromaccessingaflexibleworkforcethatcanbescaledupordownbasedondemand,reducingoverheadcostsassociatedwithfull-timeemployees.Thismodelfostersinnovationandcompetition,asitlowersbarrierstoentryfornewbusinessesandallowsformoreagileoperations.However,italsoposeschallengesfortraditionalindustriesandworkers,whomayfaceincreasedcompetitionfromnimblegigfirms.Societally,thegigeconomyisreshapingourunderstandingofworkandidentity.Thetraditionalnotionofalong-termcareerpathisbeingchallenged,replacedbyamorefluidconceptofprofessionaldevelopment.Thisshiftnecessitatesareevaluationofsocialsafetynetsandlaborregulationstoensurethatgigworkersarenotleftvulnerable.Educatorsandpolicymakersalikemustadapttopreparetheworkforceforthisevolvinglandscape,focusingonskillslikedigitalliteracy,adaptability,andself-management.Questions:1.Whatisthemaincharacteristicoftheworkopportunitiesinthegigeconomy?2.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthedrawbacksassociatedwithbeingagigworker?3.Howdoesthegigeconomybenefitcompanies?4.Whatsocietalchangeispromptedbytheriseofthegigeconomy?5.Theword"proponents"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)OpponentsB)SupportersC)ConsumersD)Employers6.Thephrase"fluctuatingsignificantly"inthesecondparagraphisbestunderstoodas:A)RemainingconstantB)ChangingdramaticallyC)IncreasingsteadilyD)Decreasinggradually7.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureoftraditionalemployment?8.Theterm"nimble"inthethirdparagraphismostsimilarto:A)SlowB)InefficientC)AgileandquickD)Expensive9.Whatdoestheauthorimplyisnecessaryforadaptingtothegigeconomy?10.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaccuratelyreflectstheauthor'sview?PassageTwoClimatechangepresentsanunprecedentedchallengetoglobalecosystemsandhumansocieties.Itscausesareprimarilyrootedinhumanactivities,particularlytheburningoffossilfuelslikecoal,oil,andnaturalgas,whichreleaselargeamountsofcarbondioxide(CO2)andothergreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere.Thesegasestrapheat,leadingtoagradualincreaseinglobalaveragetemperatures,aphenomenonknownasglobalwarming.Theconsequencesofglobalwarmingarefar-reachingandincreasinglyevident.Risingsealevels,drivenbythemeltingofpolaricecapsandthermalexpansionofoceanwater,threatencoastalcommunitiesandlow-lyingareasworldwide.Morefrequentandsevereweatherevents,suchashurricanes,droughts,andheatwaves,arebecomingthenewnorminmanyregions,causingsignificanteconomicdamageandlossoflife.Changesinprecipitationpatternsarealsoalteringagriculturalproductivityandwaterresources,impactingfoodsecurityandbiodiversity.Addressingclimatechangerequiresamultifacetedapproachinvolvingbothmitigationandadaptationstrategies.Mitigationfocusesonreducinggreenhousegasemissions.Thiscanbeachievedthroughthetransitiontorenewableenergysourceslikesolar,wind,andhydroelectricpower,whichproducelittletonoemissions.Improvingenergyefficiencyinbuildings,transportation,andindustry,alongwithadoptingsustainableland-usepractices,arealsocrucialmitigationefforts.Governmentsplayapivotalroleinimplementingpoliciesthatincentivizethesechanges,suchascarbonpricingorsubsidiesforcleanenergytechnologies.Whilemitigationisessential,adaptationisequallycritical,assomelevelofclimatechangeimpactisnowinevitable.Adaptationstrategiesinvolveadjustingtoactualorexpectedclimaticconditionsandtheireffects.Thisincludesbuildingseawallstoprotectagainststormsurges,developingdrought-resistantcropsforagriculture,andimprovingwatermanagementsystems.Publichealthmeasures,suchasheatstrokepreventionprogramsanddiseasesurveillance,alsoformpartoftheadaptationframework.Effectiveadaptationrequiresrobustinfrastructureplanning,communityengagement,andfinancialresources.Theglobalnatureofclimatechangenecessitatesinternationalcooperation.AgreementsliketheParisClimateAccordaimtocoordinateglobaleffortstolimittemperaturerise.However,achievingthegoalsoftheseagreementsrequiressustainedcommitmentandactionfromallnations,regardlessoftheireconomicstatus.Publicawarenessandindividualactions,suchasreducingconsumption,recycling,andsupportingclimate-friendlypolicies,arealsovitalcomponentsoftheglobalresponse.Questions:11.Whatistheprimarycauseofclimatechangeaccordingtothepassage?12.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaconsequenceofglobalwarming?13.Whatisthedifferencebetweenmitigationandadaptationinthecontextofclimatechange?14.Accordingtothepassage,whatroledorenewableenergysourcesplayincombatingclimatechange?15.Theword"pivotal"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)SecondaryB)CrucialC)OptionalD)Difficult16.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutadaptationefforts?17.Whyisinternationalcooperationimportantinaddressingclimatechange?18.Thephrase"sustainedcommitment"inthefifthparagraphrefersto:A)Short-termeffortsB)ContinueddedicationovertimeC)FinancialinvestmentsonlyD)Technologicaladvancements19.Whataspectofindividualbehaviorismentionedascontributingtotheglobalresponse?20.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestsummarizestheauthor'smessage?---試卷答案PartIReadingComprehension1.B2.A3.C4.D5.B6.B7.D8.C9.A10.B11.A12.E13.B14.C15.B16.A17.C18.B19.D20.D解析思路1.定位：第一段首句“Fueledbydigitalplatformsthatconnectserviceproviderswithcustomers,industriesfromtransportationandfooddeliverytofreelancewritingandgraphicdesignhaveseenasurgeinshort-term,project-basedwork.”提到了“短期的、基于項目的”工作。第二句進一步解釋了這種工作的特點是“flexibilityandautonomy”（靈活性和自主性）。選項B"Flexibilityandautonomyofferedbydigitalplatforms"與原文信息最符。2.定位：第二段第三句“Gigworkersoftenfaceincomeinstability,withearningsfluctuatingsignificantlyfrommonthtomonth.”提到了收入不穩(wěn)定，第四句“Furthermore,theytypicallyforgobenefitslikehealthinsurance,paidleave,andretirementplansthatarestandardinconventionalemployment.”提到了缺乏福利。選項A"Incomeinstabilityandlackoftraditionalbenefits"概括了原文的核心弊端。3.定位：第三段第一句“Companiesbenefitfromaccessingaflexibleworkforcethatcanbescaledupordownbasedondemand,reducingoverheadcostsassociatedwithfull-timeemployees.”明確指出公司受益于能夠根據(jù)需求調(diào)整規(guī)模、降低固定人力成本。選項C"Accesstoaflexibleworkforcethathelpsreduceoverheadcosts"與原文一致。4.定位：第五段最后一句“Thisshiftnecessitatesareevaluationofsocialsafetynetsandlaborregulationstoensurethatgigworkersarenotleftvulnerable.”提到了對社會保障網(wǎng)和勞動法規(guī)的重新評估。選項D"Areevaluationofsocialsafetynetsandlaborregulations"反映了這種社會層面的變化。5.定位：第一段第二句“Whileproponentshighlighttheflexibilityandautonomyitoffers...”提到了支持者（proponents）強調(diào)靈活性。選項B"Supporters"是“proponents”的同義替換。6.定位：第二句“...withearningsfluctuatingsignificantlyfrommonthtomonth.”提到了收入“significantlyfluctuating”（顯著波動）。選項B"Changingdramatically"是“significantlyfluctuating”的近義表達。7.定位：第三段最后一句“However,italsoposeschallengesfortraditionalindustriesandworkers,whomayfaceincreasedcompetitionfromnimblegigfirms.”提到了對傳統(tǒng)行業(yè)和工人的挑戰(zhàn)以及來自靈活的零工公司的競爭。選項D"Facingincreasedcompetitionfromthegigeconomymodel"概括了這種挑戰(zhàn)。8.定位：第三段倒數(shù)第二句“...asitlowersbarrierstoentryfornewbusinessesandallowsformoreagileoperations.”提到了“nimble”與“agile”（敏捷的）并列。選項C"Agileandquick"是“nimble”的同義替換。9.定位：第五段最后一句“Thisshiftnecessitatesareevaluationofsocialsafetynetsandlaborregulationstoensurethatgigworkersarenotleftvulnerable.Educatorsandpolicymakersalikemustadapttopreparetheworkforceforthisevolvinglandscape,focusingonskillslikedigitalliteracy,adaptability,andself-management.”提到了需要重新評估社會保障網(wǎng)和法規(guī)，教育者和政策制定者必須適應，并專注于培養(yǎng)數(shù)字素養(yǎng)、適應性和自我管理能力。選項A"Developingskillslikedigitalliteracyandadaptability"概括了核心建議。10.推理：第五段提到工作觀從長期職業(yè)路徑轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦鲃拥母拍?，并指出需要重新評估安全網(wǎng)和法規(guī)。選項B"Thetraditionalconceptofalong-termcareerpathisbeingchallengedbythegigeconomy."最能體現(xiàn)作者對這種轉(zhuǎn)變的客觀描述和擔憂，而非絕對支持或反對。11.定位：第一段首句“Fueledbydigitalplatformsthatconnectserviceproviderswithcustomers,industriesfromtransportationandfooddeliverytofreelancewritingandgraphicdesignhaveseenasurgeinshort-term,project-basedwork.Whileproponentshighlighttheflexibilityandautonomyitoffers,criticsraiseconcernsaboutjobsecurity,benefits,andthepotentialforexploitation.”提到了“由人類活動，特別是燃燒化石燃料...引起的”。選項A"Humanactivities,especiallytheburningoffossilfuels"與原文一致。12.定位：第二段列舉了全球變暖的后果：risingsealevels,morefrequentandsevereweatherevents(hurricanes,droughts,heatwaves),changesinprecipitationpatterns.選項E"Anincreaseinthenumberofpeopleworkinginthegigeconomy"在文中未提及。13.定位：第四段首句“Mitigationfocusesonreducinggreenhousegasemissions.”（減緩側(cè)重于減少溫室氣體排放）。接著列舉了減排措施。第二句“Adaptationstrategiesinvolveadjustingtoactualorexpectedclimaticconditionsandtheireffects.”（適應策略涉及調(diào)整到實際或預期的氣候條件及其影響）。選項B"Mitigationreducesemissionswhileadaptationadjuststoexistingimpacts"準確概括了兩者區(qū)別。14.定位：第四段第二句“...thetransitiontorenewableenergysourceslikesolar,wind,andhydroelectricpower,whichproducelittletonoemissions.”提到了可再生能源（renewableenergysources）幾乎不產(chǎn)生排放。選項C"Producinglittletonoemissions"是其核心作用。15.定位：第四段第三句“Governmentsplayapivotalroleinimplementingpoliciesthatincentivizethesechanges,suchascarbonpricingorsubsidiesforcleanenergytechnologies.”提到了政府在實施激勵政策中扮演“pivotal”（關(guān)鍵）角色。選項B"Crucial"是“pivotal”的同義替換。16.定位：第四段第四句“Adaptationrequiresadjustingtoactualorexpectedclimaticconditions