高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省廣州市八區(qū)聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試卷第一部分聽(tīng)力（略）第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C.D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADoyouloveoutdooradventures?Doyouwanttolearnhowtosavelivesinthewildwithlimitedresources?JoinourcoursesonJuly1,andyoucanearnanationallyrecognizedWildernessFirstAidcertificate.CourseHighlightsFrombasichealthcheckstodealingwithseriousinjuries,we’vegotyoucoveredonallthecommonmedicalemergenciesyoumightfaceinthewild.You’lllearnhowtotreatpeopleevenwhenresourcesarelimited,keepeveryonesafefromcommonillnessesandinjuries,andgettipsfromexperiencedinstructorswithreal-lifestories.CourseContentCourse1:*Identifyandtreatcommoninjuriesandwoundsinthewild.*Learnhowtomanagechest,belly,hips,andheadinjuries.Course2:*Understandtheuniquenessofwildernessmedicineandscenesafetyconcepts.*Learnbasicpatientassessment,physicalexamination,andgatheressentialphysicalinformationwiththeSAMPLEmethod.Course3:*Learntomanageanimalbites,stings,andtemperature-relatedemergencies.*Understandwhykeepingcampcleanisimportantandpractisehowtosafelyleaveinanemergency.Course4:*Exploreandlearnhowtotreatconditionsinvolvingtheheart,lungs,brain,andotherorgans,anddecidewhenemergencyrescueisrequired.*Masterpreventivemeasurestoreducetheriskofdiseasesinthewilderness.CourseFeesTypePriceDetailsIndividual$200FreedigitalemergencyhandbookGroup$180/personAtleast3participantsExclusiveteamrescuedrillsCorporate$1200intotal8to15participantsFlexibletrainingscheduleEarlyBirdOffer:20%offbeforeJune15!Contact:400-123-45671.Whatisonekeyfeatureofthecourses?A.Comprehensivecoverage. B.Clienttailoredtraining.C.Varioushands-onactivities. D.Interestinginteractions.2.Whichcoursefocusesonenvironmentalemergencies?A.Course1. B.Course2. C.Course3. D.Course3.Howmuchshouldaten-personcompanypayifitregistersonJune1?A.$1600. B.$1440. C.$1200. D.$960.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了7月1日開(kāi)設(shè)的野外急救課程，包括課程亮點(diǎn)、內(nèi)容、費(fèi)用及聯(lián)系方式等信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CourseHighlights中“Frombasichealthcheckstodealingwithseriousinjuries,we’vegotyoucoveredonallthecommonmedicalemergenciesyoumightfaceinthewild.(從基本健康檢查到處理嚴(yán)重傷害，我們涵蓋了你在野外可能遇到的所有常見(jiàn)醫(yī)療緊急情況)”可知，課程的一個(gè)主要特點(diǎn)是覆蓋全面，故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Course3中“Learntomanageanimalbites,stings,andtemperature-relatedemergencies.(學(xué)習(xí)處理動(dòng)物咬傷、蜇傷和與溫度相關(guān)的緊急情況)”可知，Course3涉及與環(huán)境相關(guān)的緊急情況，故選C。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CourseFees中“Corporate$1200intotal;8to15participants(企業(yè)團(tuán)體：總計(jì)1200美元；8至15人)”和“EarlyBirdOffer:20%offbeforeJune15!(早鳥(niǎo)優(yōu)惠：6月15日前報(bào)名可享8折！)”可知，10人公司在6月1日?qǐng)?bào)名，費(fèi)用為1200×(1-20%)=960美元，故選D。BWhilemanyartistsfearAI’sgrowingroleincreativefields,Canadian-ChineseartistMichelleLeeseesitasanewwayofreimaginingart.ThroughhergroundbreakingDOUGrobotseries,Leetransformstechnicalerrorsandunpredictablemachinebehaviorintocollaborative(合作的)artistry,provingAIcanenhance—notreplace—humancreativity.Lee’sjourneybeganin2015,withDOUG1,arobotdesignedtocopyherbrushstrokes.Insteadofperfectcopies,itsshakylines,unevenmarksbecamecelebratedfeatures.“Poeticizingerrortaughtmethatmistakescanlightennewideas,”shesays.In2017,DOUG2wastrainedonLee’spastartworks,andthisAI-poweredrobotgeneratedoriginalpaintings.AtaLondonexhibit,Leeco-signedpiecesas“Lee-DOUG2,”symbolizingjointauthorship.Later,DOUG3usedNewYorkCitystreetcameradata,trackingtrafficandcrowds,toguiderobotmovements,turningcityrhythmsintodynamicpictures.By2024,DOUG4translatedLee’sbrainwavesintobrushstrokes.Relaxedstatesproducedflowingpatterns;focusedmomentscreatedsharpdigitallines.AtDavos2025,thesixroboticarmspaintedliveusingherbrainactivity,paintingtheSwissAlpswithChineseink.AlbertHu,anarchitectattheCityCollegeofNewYorkwhohasstudiedthewaysthathumansandmachinesinfluenceeachother’sactionsandbehaviors,seesLee’sworkasofferingadifferentstoryabouthuman-machineinteractions.“WeoftengetstuckinthismindsetofAIcompetingwithhumans,andwhichone’sbetter,”hesays.“AIisoftencharacterizedinthemediaandmoviesasenemytohuman—somethingthatcanreplaceusor,evenworse,becomedestructive.InLee’sworks,Ithink,it’snolongeraboutcompetition,butco-production.”AsgenerativeAIraisesconcernsaboutstolenartwork,Leesaid,“Artificialintelligencereliesonhumandata,shapedbyhumanpreference,anditimpactshumanexperiencesinturn.Behindthesetechnologies,there’salotofworkandstuffthatgoesintomakingthem.Artisaplacewherewecanlookintoandshowwho’sreallyincharge.”4.Whatisthemainfocusofthetext?A.ImpactofgenerativeAIonart. B.CooperationofhumanandAIinart.C.DevelopmentofAIartcreativity. D.Relationshipbetweenartistsandrobots.5.WhatdidLeegainfromDOUG1?A.Itserrorsinfluencedherchoiceofartsources.B.Itsmovementsinspiredherenthusiasmforart.C.Itscopieschangedherwaytotrainlaterrobots.D.Itsoutcomestransformedherviewoftherobots’role.6.WhatdoesAlbertHuthinkofLee’swork?A.ItrestrictsthetraditionalmindsetofAI.B.Itpredictsthetrendforco-workwithAI.C.ItchallengesthepreviousviewofAIandhuman.D.Itconfirmsthedirectionoffutureartdevelopment.7.WhatdoesLee’swordsimplyinthelastparagraph?A.AIremainshuman-driven. B.AIisapreferredpartner.C.AIisessentialforfutureart. D.AIworksasareliabletool.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了加拿大華裔藝術(shù)家MichelleLee通過(guò)DOUG機(jī)器人系列展現(xiàn)人機(jī)合作的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“WhilemanyartistsfearAI’sgrowingroleincreativefields,Canadian-ChineseartistMichelleLeeseesitasanewwayofreimaginingart.ThroughhergroundbreakingDOUGrobotseries,Leetransformstechnicalerrorsandunpredictablemachinebehaviorintocollaborative（合作的）artistry,provingAIcanenhance—notreplace—humancreativity.(盡管許多藝術(shù)家擔(dān)心人工智能在創(chuàng)意領(lǐng)域的作用日益增強(qiáng)，但加拿大華裔藝術(shù)家MichelleLee卻將其視為重新想象藝術(shù)的新方式。通過(guò)她開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的DOUG機(jī)器人系列，Lee將技術(shù)錯(cuò)誤和不可預(yù)測(cè)的機(jī)器行為轉(zhuǎn)化為合作的藝術(shù)，證明了人工智能可以增強(qiáng)——而不是取代——人類的創(chuàng)造力。)”可知，文章主要聚焦于人機(jī)合作在藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作中的應(yīng)用。故選B。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Lee’sjourneybeganin2015,withDOUG1,arobotdesignedtocopyherbrushstrokes.Insteadofperfectcopies,itsshakylines,unevenmarksbecamecelebratedfeatures.“Poeticizingerrortaughtmethatmistakescanlightennewideas,”shesays.(Lee的旅程始于2015年，她設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)名為DOUG1的機(jī)器人，旨在模仿她的筆觸。然而，這個(gè)機(jī)器人畫(huà)出的并不是完美的復(fù)制品，而是顫抖的線條和不均勻的痕跡，這些卻成了備受贊譽(yù)的特點(diǎn)。她說(shuō)：“將錯(cuò)誤詩(shī)意化讓我明白，錯(cuò)誤可以激發(fā)新的想法?！?”可知，DOUG1產(chǎn)生的不完美結(jié)果（如顫抖的線條、不均勻的痕跡）讓李認(rèn)識(shí)到技術(shù)誤差的藝術(shù)價(jià)值，改變了她對(duì)機(jī)器人在創(chuàng)作中角色的認(rèn)知，從單純復(fù)制工具轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槟芗ぐl(fā)創(chuàng)意的合作伙伴。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“AlbertHu,anarchitectattheCityCollegeofNewYorkwhohasstudiedthewaysthathumansandmachinesinfluenceeachother’sactionsandbehaviors,seesLee’sworkasofferingadifferentstoryabouthuman-machineinteractions.“WeoftengetstuckinthismindsetofAIcompetingwithhumans,andwhichone’sbetter,”hesays.“AIisoftencharacterizedinthemediaandmoviesasenemytohuman—somethingthatcanreplaceusor,evenworse,becomedestructive.InLee’sworks,Ithink,it’snolongeraboutcompetition,butco-production.”(紐約城市學(xué)院建筑師AlbertHu研究了人類和機(jī)器如何相互影響彼此的行為，他認(rèn)為L(zhǎng)ee的作品為人機(jī)交互提供了不同的視角。他說(shuō)：“我們常常陷入人工智能與人類競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，以及誰(shuí)更優(yōu)秀的思維定勢(shì)中。在媒體和電影中，人工智能常常被描繪成人類的敵人——能夠取代我們，甚至更糟，變得具有破壞性。我認(rèn)為，在Lee的作品中，這不再是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，而是共同創(chuàng)作?！?”可知，AlbertHu認(rèn)為L(zhǎng)ee的作品挑戰(zhàn)了之前對(duì)人工智能和人類的看法。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“AsgenerativeAIraisesconcernsaboutstolenartwork,Leesaid,“Artificialintelligencereliesonhumandata,shapedbyhumanpreference,anditimpactshumanexperiencesinturn.Behindthesetechnologies,there’salotofworkandstuffthatgoesintomakingthem.Artisaplacewherewecanlookintoandshowwho’sreallyincharge.”(隨著生成式人工智能引發(fā)了對(duì)藝術(shù)品被盜的擔(dān)憂，Lee說(shuō)：“人工智能依賴于人類數(shù)據(jù)，這些數(shù)據(jù)由人類偏好塑造，反過(guò)來(lái)又影響人類體驗(yàn)。在這些技術(shù)背后，有大量的工作和投入。藝術(shù)是一個(gè)我們可以探究并展示誰(shuí)真正掌權(quán)的地方。”)”可知，Lee的話暗示了人工智能仍然是由人類驅(qū)動(dòng)的。故選A。CHaveyouevertriedrelaxingonasunnybeach,butyourbrain’sstillstuckworrying?That’sbecauseourbraintendstofocusonthebadstuff.Thisiscalled“negativitybias(偏見(jiàn))”,whichhelpedourancestorshandlepotentialthreatsbutnowoftentrapsusincyclesofoverthinking.PsychologistRickHampsonoffersascience-backedsolutioninhisbookcalledHardwiringHappiness.Heexplainsthatpositivemomentsrarelyleavealastingmarkunlesswedeliberatelyengagewiththem.Thisiswhereneuroplasticity,whichmeansourbraincanchangeandadaptbasedonwhatwedoandthink,comesin.Hampson’sresearch,beginninginthemid-2000s,startedexploringhowtousebrainsciencetocreatelastingpositivechangesinthebrain.Bynoticingandholdingontogoodexperiences,wecanactivateourbrain’srewardcentersandpromotepositivechanges.Althoughthesamplesizewassmallandlackedacontrolgroup,participantsreportedstatisticallyfeelingbetter,withimprovementslastinguptotwomonths.ThentheHEALmethod(Haveagoodexperience,Enrichit,Absorbit,Linkittootherexperiences)wasfinallydeveloped.Researchshowsthatpracticeslikemindfulnessmeditation(冥想)canbelinkedtochangesinbrainstructureandfunction.Meditationandotherthoughtfulpracticescanpromoteneuroplasticity.Hampsonalsopointsoutthatsocialconnectionsandfeelingsafecanreducestress.Hesuggeststhatwhenweslowdownandtakeamomenttofeelclosetofriends,we’rechangingourbrainforthebetter.TherealproofofHampson’sapproachliesindailypractice.Heencouragespeopletoengagein“mentalhygiene”practices,whichcanbemotivatedbyunderstandinghowtheseactivitiesbenefitthebrain.Byaskingourselvesifwe’realittlehappier,wiser,andmorelovingattheendoftheday,wecantakecontrolofourwell-being.Inshort,HardwiringHappinesssyncretizesbrainscienceandpracticaldailyhabits.Forthoseinterestedintransformingtheirwell-beingthroughscience-backedmethods,Hampson’sbookprovidesvaluableinsightsandtechniquesthatcanbeeasilyintegratedintoeverydayroutines.ByexploringHardwiringHappiness,youcandiscovermoreaboutthescienceofhappinessandlearnpracticaltechniquestoenhancewell-being.8.Whatistheoriginalfunctionof“negativitybias”?A.Tohelphumanstosurvive. B.Topromotesocialconnections.C.Toremindpeopleofbadthings. D.Topreventpeopleoverthinking.9.HowdoesHEALmethodworkaccordingtoHampson?A.Byactivatingbrain’scontrolcenters.B.Bystrengtheningpositiveexperiences.C.Byfightingagainstbrain’snegativitybias.D.Byremovingnegativitythroughmeditation.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“syncretizes”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Bridges. B.Balances. C.Guides. D.Facilitates.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Todisplayabias.B.Tointroduceaconcept.C.Torecommendanewbook.D.Topromoteanewlifestyle.【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了心理學(xué)家RickHampson在《硬連線幸?！分刑岢鐾ㄟ^(guò)科學(xué)方法提升幸福感并介紹了相關(guān)方法?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“That’sbecauseourbraintendstofocusonthebadstuff.Thisiscalled“negativitybias(偏見(jiàn))”,whichhelpedourancestorshandlepotentialthreatsbutnowoftentrapsusincyclesofoverthinking.(這是因?yàn)槲覀兊拇竽X傾向于關(guān)注不好的事情。這被稱為“消極偏見(jiàn)”，它幫助我們的祖先應(yīng)對(duì)潛在的威脅，但現(xiàn)在卻常常讓我們陷入過(guò)度思考的循環(huán)中)”可知，“消極偏見(jiàn)”的原始功能是幫助人類生存。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Bynoticingandholdingontogoodexperiences,wecanactivateourbrain’srewardcentersandpromotepositivechanges.(通過(guò)注意并抓住美好的經(jīng)歷，我們可以激活大腦的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)中心，促進(jìn)積極的改變)”以及“ThentheHEALmethod(Haveagoodexperience,Enrichit,Absorbit,Linkittootherexperiences)wasfinallydeveloped.(然后，HEAL方法（擁有美好的體驗(yàn)，豐富它，吸收它，將它與其他體驗(yàn)聯(lián)系起來(lái)）最終被開(kāi)發(fā)出來(lái))”可知，HEAL方法是通過(guò)加強(qiáng)積極的體驗(yàn)來(lái)起作用的。故選B。【10題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段“Inshort,HardwiringHappinesssyncretizesbrainscienceandpracticaldailyhabits.Forthoseinterestedintransformingtheirwell-beingthroughscience-backedmethods,Hampson’sbookprovidesvaluableinsightsandtechniquesthatcanbeeasilyintegratedintoeverydayroutines.(簡(jiǎn)而言之，《硬連線幸?！穼⒛X科學(xué)與日常實(shí)踐習(xí)慣syncretizes。對(duì)于想通過(guò)科學(xué)方法改善福祉的人而言，漢普森的書(shū)提供了寶貴洞見(jiàn)和技巧，這些都能輕松融入日常生活)”可知，對(duì)于想通過(guò)科學(xué)方法改善福祉的人而言，漢普森的書(shū)提供了寶貴洞見(jiàn)和技巧，這些都能輕松融入日常生活。由此可知，這本書(shū)將科學(xué)和日常生活結(jié)合在了一起，故syncretizes意思是“結(jié)合”。故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)最后一段“Inshort,HardwiringHappinesssyncretizesbrainscienceandpracticaldailyhabits.Forthoseinterestedintransformingtheirwell-beingthroughscience-backedmethods,Hampson’sbookprovidesvaluableinsightsandtechniquesthatcanbeeasilyintegratedintoeverydayroutines.ByexploringHardwiringHappiness,youcandiscovermoreaboutthescienceofhappinessandlearnpracticaltechniquestoenhancewell-being.(簡(jiǎn)而言之，《硬連線幸福》將腦科學(xué)與日常實(shí)踐習(xí)慣相結(jié)合。對(duì)于想通過(guò)科學(xué)方法改善福祉的人而言，漢普森的書(shū)提供了寶貴洞見(jiàn)和技巧，這些都能輕松融入日常生活。探索《硬連線幸福》，你將發(fā)現(xiàn)更多關(guān)于幸福的科學(xué)，并學(xué)會(huì)提升福祉的實(shí)用技巧)”可知，文章主要介紹了心理學(xué)家RickHampson在書(shū)中提出通過(guò)科學(xué)方法提升幸福感并介紹了相關(guān)方法?？赏浦髡邔?xiě)這篇文章的目的是推薦一本新書(shū)。故選C。DDeepunderneaththeeasterntropicalPacificOceanliesbeautifulreefscoloredbyitsalgae(藻類).However,intheearly1980s,anElNi?oheatwaveledtomass-bleaching,whichturnedmorethan90percentofthesecoralsapale,lifelesswhite.WhenstrongerElNi?oeventsstrucktheareaagainin2015–2016,biologistTinaPalacioobservedasurprisingphenomenon:somecoralsresistedbleachingorshowedrecovery.HerteamlaterdiscoveryedthatPocillopora—theregion’sprimaryreef-buildingcoral—hadgottenridoftheiroriginalalgaeandadoptedheat-tolerantspecies.Coralstypicallyprovidenitrogen(氮?dú)?totheirresidentalgaeandreceivecarboninreturnforenergy.“Tomaintainthealgae’ssurvivalandprovidethenutrientsrequiredbythehost,there’sareallydelicateandverycomplexnutritionalrelationshipbetweenthetwo,”P(pán)alaciosays.Underheatstress,coralsproducemorenitrogen,whichcausesthealgaetogrowrapidlyanddividemore,storingthecarbonandkeepingitfromtheirhosts.Palaciodiscoveredthatbabycoralshaslearnednottooversharenitrogenwiththealgae.Thisway,theycanlivetogetherharmoniously.Andbabycoralsaren’tstuckinoneplace—theyfloatfreelyintheoceanbeforesettlingdown.Thishelpsthespeciesmovetobetterwatersorspreadgenesthatletthemhandleheat.Researchersalsofoundcoralscanactontheirown.Theyhavetinyhair-likestructurescalledciliathatworklikeacoolingsystem,beatingfasttomaketinywhirlpools(漩渦)inthewaterandmovingextraoxygentoareasthatneedit.Thesewhirlpoolsstopoxygenfrombuildingupharmfullyinoneplace.Althoughcoralsareadapting,theycan’toutpaceclimatethreatsalone.It’shardtogobackafterableachingeventandseethemdead.Thatgivesusthemotivationtousewhateverskillis,whateverourpassionis,totrytohelp.12.WhydoestheauthormentionElNi?oheatwavestwice?A.Tostresstheurgencyofoceanconservation.B.Toshowthecorals’adaptationtoheatwaves.C.Toindicatetheimpactofclimatechangeoncorals.D.Tohighlighttherelationshipbetweencoralsandalgae.13.Whatdobabycoralsdotolivewiththeiralgae?A.Sharingmorecarbon.B.Removingmorealgae.C.Movingtocoolerareas.D.Reservingextranitrogen.14.Howdocoralciliafunction?A.Bystoringextraoxygen.B.Byredistributingoxygen.C.Byreleasingoxygenquickly.D.Bychangingoxygenintonitrogen.15.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconvey?A.Coralbleachingcallsforhumanprotection.B.Humansneedmorepassiontoprotectoceanspecies.C.Coralprotectionisourdutydespiteitsself-adjustment.D.Coraladaptationisunavoidableinspiteofhumans’help.【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了珊瑚在面對(duì)厄爾尼諾熱浪時(shí)展現(xiàn)出適應(yīng)能力，但仍需人類保護(hù)以應(yīng)對(duì)氣候威脅。【12題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“However,intheearly1980s,anElNi?oheatwaveledtomass-bleaching,whichturnedmorethan90percentofthesecoralsapale,lifelesswhite.(然而，在20世紀(jì)80年代初，一次厄爾尼諾熱浪導(dǎo)致了大規(guī)模的白化，使超過(guò)90%的珊瑚變成了蒼白無(wú)生氣的白色。)”和第二段中“WhenstrongerElNi?oeventsstrucktheareaagainin2015–2016,biologistTinaPalacioobservedasurprisingphenomenon:somecoralsresistedbleachingorshowedrecovery.(當(dāng)更強(qiáng)的厄爾尼諾事件在2015-2016年再次襲擊該地區(qū)時(shí)，生物學(xué)家蒂娜·帕拉西奧觀察到一個(gè)令人驚訝的現(xiàn)象：一些珊瑚抵抗了白化或顯示出恢復(fù)的跡象。)”可知，作者兩次提到厄爾尼諾熱浪是為了展示珊瑚對(duì)熱浪的適應(yīng)。故選B。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Underheatstress,coralsproducemorenitrogen,whichcausesthealgaetogrowrapidlyanddividemore,storingthecarbonandkeepingitfromtheirhosts.Palaciodiscoveredthatbabycoralshaslearnednottooversharenitrogenwiththealgae.Thisway,theycanlivetogetherharmoniously.(在熱應(yīng)激下，珊瑚會(huì)產(chǎn)生更多氮，這會(huì)導(dǎo)致藻類快速生長(zhǎng)和分裂，儲(chǔ)存碳并阻止其流向宿主。帕拉西奧發(fā)現(xiàn)，珊瑚幼體已學(xué)會(huì)不與藻類過(guò)度分享氮。這樣一來(lái)，它們就能和諧共生。)”可知，幼珊瑚通過(guò)保留多余的氮來(lái)與藻類和諧共處。故選D。【14題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Theyhavetinyhair-likestructurescalledciliathatworklikeacoolingsystem,beatingfasttomaketinywhirlpoolsinthewaterandmovingextraoxygentoareasthatneedit.Thesewhirlpoolsstopoxygenfrombuildingupharmfullyinoneplace.(它們有微小的毛發(fā)狀結(jié)構(gòu)，稱為纖毛，其工作原理類似于冷卻系統(tǒng)，快速拍打以在水流中產(chǎn)生微小的漩渦，并將多余的氧氣輸送到需要的地方。這些漩渦阻止氧氣在一個(gè)地方有害地積聚。)”可知，珊瑚纖毛通過(guò)重新分配氧氣來(lái)發(fā)揮作用。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Althoughcoralsareadapting,theycan’toutpaceclimatethreatsalone.It’shardtogobackafterableachingeventandseethemdead.Thatgivesusthemotivationtousewhateverskillis,whateverourpassionis,totrytohelp.(盡管珊瑚正在適應(yīng)，但它們無(wú)法單獨(dú)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候威脅。在珊瑚白化事件發(fā)生后，很難再看到它們死去。這給了我們動(dòng)力，無(wú)論我們有什么技能，無(wú)論我們有什么激情，都要盡力去幫助它們。)”可知，作者想傳達(dá)的信息是盡管珊瑚有自我調(diào)節(jié)的能力，但保護(hù)珊瑚仍是我們的責(zé)任。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。InthedepthsofaforestinNorthland,NewZealand,anarchitecturalexplorationisunderway.____16____ArchitectBrettHulleyandhiswifeRose,drivenbythisvision,begantheirhome-buildingjourney.Initially,thecouplewantedawildpieceoflandforecologicalrestoration.Luckledthemin2016toPatauaNorth,coveredwithnativeforest.____17____Brettdesignedthehousetosuitthesiteandnaturalconditions.Theliving,dining,andkitchenareafacenorth,whilebedroomsandatoiletaretothesouth,withanoutdoorshowernearbyintheforest.____18____Everyroomhasnaturalairflow,andhigh-levelwindowsintheroofletouthotairinsummer.Thisconnectiontonaturehelpspeoplevaluetheenvironmentandliveinaneco-friendlyway.____19____Localtreesarethemainbuildingmaterials.Imperfectlayeredwoodisusedfortheoutercoveringandinnerpanels.Long-lastingwoodisusedforfurnitureandbuilt-intablesandbenchseats.InternaldoorsaremadefromrecycledwoodfromRose’sparents’oldkitchen.Eventreebranchesandtrunksarecleverlyintegratedintothestructureandjoinery.ThehouseisconnectedtoNewZealand’selectricitysystem,whichusesmostlyrenewableenergy.Italsohasa40,000-litrerainwatertankandawormfarmtotreatwastewater.Theirjourneywasfullofchallenges.____20____Thehousestandsasamodelofsustainableliving,combininghumancomfortwithenvironmentalcare.ForBrettandRose,theirjourneyismorethanbuildingahouse.It’saboutcreatingalifesurroundedbynaturetheycherishandprotect.A.Naturalmaterialsareusedthroughoutthehouse.B.Itaimstofindharmonybetweenhumansandnature.C.Largewindowscapturethewintersunandblocksummerheat.D.Theydecidedtocarefullyprotectwhat’shereinsteadofrewilding.E.Thecoupleareproudofthefamilyformakingtheirdreamcometrue.F.Brettwasinspiredtolookforarchitecturethatconnectsthemwithnature.G.Butitshowedhowthoughtfuldesignandrespectfornaturecancreateahome.【答案】16.B17.D18.C19.A20.G【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了新西蘭建筑師BrettHulley夫婦在新西蘭北地森林中建造一座與自然和諧共生的生態(tài)住宅的經(jīng)歷?！?6題詳析】上文“InthedepthsofaforestinNorthland,NewZealand,anarchitecturalexplorationisunderway.(在新西蘭北地的森林深處，一場(chǎng)建筑探索正在進(jìn)行)”說(shuō)明建筑探索的背景，空處和前文為順接關(guān)系，說(shuō)明建筑探索的目的。所以B項(xiàng)“Itaimstofindharmonybetweenhumansandnature.(它的目標(biāo)是找到人類與自然之間的和諧)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。【17題詳析】上文“Luckledthemin2016toPatauaNorth,coveredwithnativeforest.(幸運(yùn)的是，2016年他們來(lái)到了北帕陶阿，那里被原始森林覆蓋)”說(shuō)明他們來(lái)到了北帕陶阿，空處和前文為順接關(guān)系，說(shuō)明他們決定保護(hù)這里。所以D項(xiàng)“Theydecidedtocarefullyprotectwhat’shereinsteadofrewilding.(他們決定小心保護(hù)這里的一切，而不是進(jìn)行生態(tài)恢復(fù))”符合語(yǔ)境?！癟hey”指代夫婦，“protectwhat’shere”與“nativeforest”銜接，說(shuō)明他們因已有原始森林而改變計(jì)劃，符合邏輯。故選D。【18題詳析】上文“Theliving,dining,andkitchenareafacenorth,whilebedroomsandatoiletaretothesouth,withanoutdoorshowernearbyintheforest.(起居室、餐廳和廚房朝北，臥室和廁所朝南，附近森林里有一個(gè)戶外淋浴間)”說(shuō)明房屋的布局，空處和前文為順接關(guān)系，說(shuō)明房屋的采光和通風(fēng)設(shè)計(jì)。所以C項(xiàng)“Largewindowscapturethewintersunandblocksummerheat.(大窗戶捕捉冬日的陽(yáng)光，阻擋夏日的炎熱)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?9題詳析】下文“Localtreesarethemainbuildingmaterials.Imperfectlayeredwoodisusedfortheoutercoveringandinnerpanels.(當(dāng)?shù)氐臉?shù)木是主要的建筑材料。有缺陷的層壓木材用于外覆層和內(nèi)面板)”說(shuō)明房屋使用的建筑材料，空處和后文為總領(lǐng)關(guān)系，說(shuō)明房屋使用的材料是天然的。所以A項(xiàng)“Naturalmaterialsareusedthroughoutthehouse.(整個(gè)房子都使用天然材料)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A?！?0題詳析】上文提到“Theirjourneywasfullofchallenges.(他們的旅程充滿挑戰(zhàn))”，下文指出“Thehousestandsasamodelofsustainableliving(這所房子成為可持續(xù)生活的典范)”。G項(xiàng)“Butitshowedhowthoughtfuldesignandrespectfornaturecancreateahome.(但這表明，深思熟慮的設(shè)計(jì)和對(duì)自然的尊重能夠創(chuàng)造一個(gè)家)”中“But”轉(zhuǎn)折承接“challenges”，并引出房屋的積極意義，銜接上下文。故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Isatbythewindow,flippingthroughWilliamWordsworth’spoem,ThePrelude.Init,he____21____adreamwhereanArabhorsemancarriesastoneandashell.Thestone____22____science,theshellpoetry.Bothareinurgentdanger,andWordsworthfirmlybelievesthatpoetryandimaginationshouldhold____23____importancetoreasonandscienceininspiringthehumansoul.Then,mythoughtsturnedtoCharlesDarwin’sTheOriginofSpecies.Histheory____24____overturnedthesenseofhumanuniqueness,yetitrevealedtheprofound____25____inalllife.Iclosedmyeyesandimaginedmyselfwalkingthrough19th-centuryLondon.WordsworthandIstoodbyaquiet____26____.Hestaredintothedistanceandwhispered,“Kristine,naturefollowsscientificlawsyetcarriespoeticcharm.”Thelakeshinesasifin____27____.Next,IwasinDarwin’sstudy.Buriedintestsamplesandpapers,he____28____andsaid,“Kristine,nature’smysteriesareeverywhere.Every____29____tellsastoryoflife.Theseflowers,sosimple,arelikesilentpoems.”Standingbetweenthem,Ifelttheconflictand____30____ofscienceandpoetry.Scienceisthe____31____thatshapesourunderstanding.____32____,poetryistheessencethatbringsittolife.Theydependoneachother,formingacompletepictureofhowhumans____33____theworld.Backin____34____,thenoiseofthecityoutsidemademerealizeI’mlivinginthepresent,notthe19thcentury.Iwasfilledwithwonderforscienceandpoetry.Theyarelike____35____starsinthenightsky,eachshiningbrightlyandlightingourwayforward.21.A.realized B.described C.kept D.pursued22.A.dominates B.influences C.symbolizes D.disturbs23.A.equal B.lasting C.particular D.cultural24.A.probably B.simply C.eventually D.completely25.A.differences B.connections C.improvements D.effects26.A.lakeside B.seashore C.pathway D.grassland27.A.sympathy B.surprise C.agreement D.harmony28.A.triedout B.lookedup C.stressedout D.checkedin29.A.adventure B.secret C.word D.species30.A.integration B.peace C.struggle D.resolution31.A.language B.solution C.foundation D.discipline32.A.Otherwise B.Meanwhile C.Thus D.Besides33.A.perceive B.change C.conquer D.save34.A.return B.history C.time D.reality35.A.north B.rising C.twin D.golden【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.A27.D28.B29.D30.A31.C32.B33.A34.D35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要通過(guò)閱讀華茲華斯和達(dá)爾文的作品，探討科學(xué)與詩(shī)歌的關(guān)系，認(rèn)為二者相互依存，共同構(gòu)成人類理解世界的方式?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在詩(shī)中，他描述了一個(gè)夢(mèng)，夢(mèng)里一個(gè)阿拉伯騎士拿著一塊石頭和一個(gè)貝殼。A.realized意識(shí)到；B.described描述；C.kept保持；D.pursued追求。根據(jù)前文“Isatbythewindow,flippingthroughWilliamWordsworth’spoem,ThePrelude.”可知，作者在翻閱詩(shī)歌，所以這里是指詩(shī)歌中“描述”了一個(gè)夢(mèng)。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：石頭象征科學(xué)，貝殼象征詩(shī)歌。A.dominates支配；B.influences影響；C.symbolizes象征；D.disturbs打擾。根據(jù)后文“theshellpoetry”可知，這里是將石頭和貝殼分別與科學(xué)和詩(shī)歌對(duì)應(yīng)起來(lái)，所以石頭“象征”科學(xué)。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：兩者都處于緊急危險(xiǎn)之中，華茲華斯堅(jiān)信，在激發(fā)人類靈魂方面，詩(shī)歌和想象力應(yīng)該與理性和科學(xué)具有同等重要的地位。A.equal相等的；B.lasting持久的；C.particular特別的；D.cultural文化的。根據(jù)后文“importancetoreasonandscienceininspiringthehumansoul”可知，這里說(shuō)的是詩(shī)歌和想象力與理性和科學(xué)在激發(fā)人類靈魂方面有“同等”重要的地位。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他的理論徹底顛覆了人類獨(dú)特性的觀念，卻揭示了所有生命之間深刻的聯(lián)系。A.probably可能；B.simply僅僅；C.eventually最終；D.completely徹底地。根據(jù)后文“itrevealedtheprofound

inalllife.”可知，“顛覆觀念”應(yīng)是“徹底地”，體現(xiàn)達(dá)爾文理論的影響力，故選D?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.differences不同；B.connections聯(lián)系；C.improvements改進(jìn)；D.effects影響。根據(jù)后文“inalllife”以及前文提到顛覆人類獨(dú)特性觀念，可知這里說(shuō)的是揭示了所有生命之間的深刻“聯(lián)系”。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：華茲華斯和我站在一個(gè)安靜的湖邊。A.lakeside湖邊；B.seashore海邊；C.pathway小路；D.grassland草地。根據(jù)后文“Thelakeshinesasifin...”可知，這里說(shuō)的是站在“湖邊”。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：湖水閃耀著，仿佛處于和諧之中。A.sympathy同情；B.surprise驚訝；C.agreement同意；D.harmony和諧。根據(jù)前文“Thelakeshinesasifin”可知，前文強(qiáng)調(diào)自然詩(shī)意，這里用擬人的手法，說(shuō)湖水閃耀著仿佛處于“和諧”之中。故選D?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：埋頭于測(cè)試樣本和論文中，他抬起頭來(lái)說(shuō)。A.triedout試驗(yàn)；B.lookedup抬頭看；C.stressedout緊張；D.checkedin登記入住。根據(jù)前文“Buriedintestsamplesandpapers”以及后文“said”可知，這里說(shuō)的是埋頭于工作后“抬頭”說(shuō)話。故選B?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每一個(gè)物種都講述著一個(gè)生命的故事。A.adventure冒險(xiǎn)；B.secret秘密；C.word單詞；D.species物種。根據(jù)前文“IwasinDarwin’sstudy.”以及后文“tellsastoryoflife”可知，這里是在達(dá)爾文的研究室里，所以說(shuō)的是每一個(gè)“物種”都講述著一個(gè)生命的故事。故選D。【30題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：站在他們中間，我感受到了科學(xué)與詩(shī)歌之間的沖突與融合。A.integration融合；B.peace和平；C.struggle斗爭(zhēng)；D.resolution決心。根據(jù)前文“conflictand”以及后文“Theydependoneachother”可知，這里說(shuō)的是科學(xué)與詩(shī)歌之間的沖突與“融合”。故選A?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：科學(xué)是塑造我們理解的基礎(chǔ)。A.language語(yǔ)言；B.solution解決方案；C.foundation基礎(chǔ)；D.discipline紀(jì)律。根據(jù)后文“thatshapesourunderstanding”和“poetryistheessencethatbringsittolife”可知，科學(xué)為認(rèn)知提供“基礎(chǔ)”，與后文詩(shī)歌是“本質(zhì)”形成呼應(yīng)。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時(shí)，詩(shī)歌是賦予它生命的精髓。A.Otherwise否則；B.Meanwhile與此同時(shí)；C.Thus因此；D.Besides此外。根據(jù)前文“Scienceisthethatshapesourunderstanding.”以及后文“poetryistheessencethatbringsittolife.”可知，這里前后是并列關(guān)系，說(shuō)的是“與此同時(shí)”詩(shī)歌是賦予科學(xué)生命的精髓。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它們相互依賴，形成了人類如何感知世界的完整畫(huà)面。A.perceive感知；B.change改變；C.conquer征服；D.save拯救。根據(jù)后文“theworld”以及前文提到科學(xué)與詩(shī)歌的關(guān)系，可知這里說(shuō)的是它們形成了人類如何“感知”世界的完整畫(huà)面。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：回到現(xiàn)實(shí)，外面城市的噪音讓我意識(shí)到我生活在現(xiàn)在，而不是19世紀(jì)。A.return返回；B.history歷史；C.time時(shí)間；D.reality現(xiàn)實(shí)。根據(jù)后文“thenoiseofthecityoutsidemademerealizeI’mlivinginthepresent,notthe19thcentury.”可知，這里說(shuō)的是回到“現(xiàn)實(shí)”。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它們就像夜空中的雙子星，各自閃耀著光芒，照亮我們前進(jìn)的道路。A.north北方的；B.rising上升的；C.twin雙胞胎的；D.golden金色的。根據(jù)后文“starsinthenightsky,eachshiningbrightlyandlightingourwayforward.”可知，這里將科學(xué)與詩(shī)歌比作夜空中的“雙子星”，twin符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChinaandCambodiaaredeepeningeconomicandtradecooperation,andpromotingpeople-to-peoplebondsthroughculturalexchanges.____36____theYungangGrottoes(石窟)inNorthChinaandCambodia’sAngkorWatte