JobsandCareersUnit5Introduction Inbusinessworld,itisessentialtogetfamiliarwithjobs,careers（職業(yè)）andtheirresponsibilities（職責(zé)）.Sincemoststudentswillchoosetoworkaftergraduation,jobsandcareersareofgreatimportancetothem.Writinggoodresumes（簡歷）,inwhichtheireducationandworkexperienceshouldbehighlighted,isthefirststeptofinddecentjobs.Butwhataretheiridealjobsandcareers?Whataretheresponsibilitiesofeachjob?Thisunitfocusesonvariousjobsandcareersandtherelevant（相應(yīng)的）responsibilities.Discussion 1.Doyouhaveanyexperienceofdoingapart-timejob?Ifyes,pleasesharesomethingaboutthejob .2.Whatisyouridealjobandcareer?Why?Contents目錄ListeningandSpeakingReading—Passage2Reading—Passage1CaseStudyGrammarandUsagePracticalWritingListeningandSpeakingTask1TalkingaboutJobsEllenandLaurelareclassmatesinacollege.Theyhaven’tseeneachotherforthreeyearsaftergraduation.Laurelhasmakedsomedecisionforherjob,andsheisaskingEllenforsuggestions.Listentotheirconversationandfillintheblanks.E—EllenL—Laure(Theymeeteachotherinthepark.)E:Hello,Laurel.L:Hello,Ellen.Ihaven’tseenyousince1fromthecollege.E:Yeah,Howiseverything?Whatisyourjobnow?L:Yousee,Iamamotherofa2boy,Max.ThisisMax.E:Oh,socute.L:Verynaughty.So,I’vedecidedtostayathomeandbeafull-timemother.E:Really?Congratulations.IfIwereyou,Imightdothesame.L:ButIhaven’tfinished3.youtheotherhalfofmydecision.E:Theotherhalf?L:Yes.IthinkIcanstayathomeandtakecareofMaxandcontinuemy4.Doyouremembermydreamabout5design?ListeningandSpeakingNewWordsandExpressionsE:Isurelydo.L:Whycan’tIdesigndresseshereathome，Andmakethemhere？Havethe6here,too.E:Andyoucoulddothesellingandthepricingonthe7.L:Exactly.E:Oh!Whatkindofdresseswouldyou8?L:I’vethoughtaboutthatforsometime.Whataboutweddingdresses?E:Weddingdresses?9idea!There’sabigmarkettodayinweddingdresses.L:That’swhatIthought.E:Sounds10.GoodLuck.L:Thanksalot.1.graduation n.thesuccessfulcompletionofaprogramofstudy畢業(yè)2.naughtya.notwillingtoobey淘氣的；不聽話的3.wedding n.thesocialeventwheretheceremonyofmarriageisperformed婚禮ListeningandSpeakingTask2Task3Accordingtowhatyouheardandyourunderstandingoftheconversation,trytoretellthemaincontentinyourownwords.Listentotheconversationagainanddecidewhetherthestatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).1.EllenandLaurelhaven’tseeneachotherformanyyears.2.Laureljustwantstostayathometotakecareofherson.3.Ellendoesn’tagreewithLaurelaboutherdecision.4.LaurelplanstosellthedressontheInternet.5.Ellenthinksthereisabigmarketinweddingdresses.ListeningandSpeakingTask4Task5Workinpairstomakeupaconversation.Facingthesituationtoquitthejobtotakecareofyourfamily,whatwillyoudo?Martin,Sam,John,JoyandTomareoldclassmatesinthehighschool.Theyaretalkingabouttheirjobstogether.Listentothefollowingconversationandfillintheblanks.M—MartinS—SamJ—JohnJoy—JoyT—TomM:What’syourjobnow,Sam?DoyoustillworkforHefeiExportandImportCompany?S:No,Ileftitthreeyearsago.Ihavemyown1now.J:That’sgreat.Howdoyoufeelasaself-employedmanager?S:Ifeelgood.IcanmakemoremoneythanbeforeandIhavealotof2indoingthings.What

aboutyou,John?Whatareyoudoingnow?J:I’veworkedforseveralcompanies.Aftergraduation,Iwenttoaprivatecompany.Thenayearlater,IchangedtoaSino-Americanjointventureenterpriseandworkedasasalesassistant.Twoyearslater,Imovedontoacomputercompanyandworkedinexportdepartment.Joy:Oh,youarearealjob-hopper.Whyhaveyouchangedjobssooften?ListeningandSpeakingJ:Iamalwaysinterestedinnew3.I’mgainingalotofexperience!Howisyourjob,Joy?Joy:I’vebeenworkingforAnhuiChengmeiTextilePlantsinceIgraduated.Twoyearsago,I

waspromotedtolinesupervisor.J:Doyoulikeyourjob?Joy:ThesalaryandbenefitsareOK.butIdon’tliketheworking4.Youknowtheworkshops arenoisysometimes.Also,Idon’toftengetanopportunitytogoanywhere.Youoften travelonbusiness,right?Martin?M:Yes.Asabuyer,I’vebeentoalotofplaces.Joy:MaybeIshould5aboutbecomingabuyer…M:Mm…Eachcoinhastwosides.Igetfedupwithtraveling.Nowadays,Iwanttospendmore

timewithmy6.T:Higuys,mayIjoinyou?T&J:Sure.Haveaseat.T:Youenjoygetting7,don’tyou?Whatareyoutalkingabout?M:Jobs.Whatkindofjobareyoudoing,Tom?T:I’mthePublic8Managerinaholdingcompany.Joy:Doyouenjoyit?T:Yes.WhatIthinkaboutisthatIcanmeetalotofnewand9people.M:Howaboutyourworkinghours?T:That’sthe10.Iusuallyhavetoworkovertime,becauseIoftenhavedinnerpartiesintheevening.Idon’thaveenoughtimetobewithmyfamily.ListeningandSpeakingNewWordsandExpressions1.export n.commodities(goodsorservices)soldtoaforeigncountry出口2.import n.commodities(goodsorservices)boughtfromaforeigncountry進(jìn)口3.self-employed a.workingforyourself自己經(jīng)營的4.private a.confinedtoparticularpersonsorgroupsorprovidingprivacy私人的5.Sino-American a.ofChinaandAmerica中美（中美的）6.jointventure a.venturebyapartnershiporconglomeratedesignedtoshareriskor expertise合資企業(yè)7.assistant n.apersonwhocontributestothefulfillmentofaneedorfurtheranceof aneffortorpurpose助手；營業(yè)員8.promote v.togiveapromotiontoorassigntoahigherposition提升；升遷9.supervisor n.onewhosupervisessomebody/something監(jiān)督人；主管人10.workshop n.smallworkplacewherehandcraftsormanufacturingaredone車間；

工場11.getfedup annoyed,unhappy,tiredofsomething厭倦ListeningandSpeakingTask6Task7Accordingtowhatyouheardandyourunderstandingoftheconversation,trytoretellthemaincontentinyourownwords.Task8Listentotheconversationagainandanswerthefollowingquestionsorally.1.WhatisSam’sjob?2.WhydoesJohnlikebeingajobhopper?3.WhatisthedisadvantageofJoy’sjob?4.WhydidMartingetfedupwithtraveling?5.WhydoesTomhavetoworkovertime?Workinpairstomakeupaconversation.Imagineithasbeenfiveyearssinceyougraduated,andnowyouarediscussingthejobsyouhavedonewithyourclassmates.Contents目錄ListeningandSpeakingReading—Passage2Reading—Passage1CaseStudyGrammarandUsagePracticalWritingReadingIntensiveReadingDevelopaJobDescription Agoodjobdescriptionhelpsrecruitandretaingoodstaff.Aclearjobdescriptionformsthebasisofyourcontractwithyourstaff,soitisimportanttosetoutalltheexpectationsandrequirementsessentialtotheposition. Ifyoudevelopajobdescriptiontemplate,identifyingthekeyelementsofdescribinganypositioninthecompany,youwillonlyneedtorevise

thetemplate,fillintheblankstostandardizeyourjobdescriptionsandmaintainadatabaseofdescriptionsforeachpositioninthecompany. Don’tbeafraidtoreviewjobdescriptionsasoftenasnecessaryandgenerallyonanannualbasis.Thesereviewsallowyoutoplanhowpeoplewillhavetheirpositionsupgraded,orchanged.Theycanformthebasisforsalaryrenegotiationsandalsoforsuccessionplanning. Itisimportantnottochangetherolesandrequirementsofapositionwithoutnegotiationwiththeincumbentandtomakesurethenewdescriptionisclearandconcise,andtheconditionshavebeenagreedupon.Thesenegotiationsaboutchangewillformthebasisfortrustandloyaltybetweenacompanyanditsemployees.Asimplerecipeforagoodjobdescriptionincludesthefollowingingredients.

Reading

Thetitleofthepositionandthedepartmentinwhichthepositionisheldshouldgotogether.Goodtitlesarethosethataccuratelyreflectresponsibilitiesanddenotetheareainwhichthepersonhasthoseresponsibilities.Forexample,MachineOperator,Excavations—thisisatitlethattellsusthepersonwhoholdsthepositionoperatesmachinerythatisusedinthefieldofexcavation. Anoveralldescriptionoftheresponsibilitiesoftherolearecouchedintermsofproductivity.Informationinthissectionrelatestohowthepositionfitswithinthecompanyandhowthepositionsupportsthegoalsoftheorganization.Thisshouldbebrief,nolongerthanthreetofoursentences. Thenextsectionoutlinesthemainareasoftheresponsibilitiesoftheposition.Eachareaneedstobedescribedintermsofanactionusingverbssuchassupervise,control,negotiate,instruct,manage,organize,operate,support,etc.Eachdescriptionmusthaveanactionverbandshouldbelistedinorderofimportancetothepositionwiththemainresponsibilitieslistedfirst.Itisimportantinthissectiontotryandcatchalltheknownresponsibilitiesoftheposition.Thiswillgiveyouarealisticpictureofwhatthispositionholderdoes,howimportanttheyaretothesuccessofthecompany,andalsoatwhatleveltheyneedtobecompensated.Describingrelationshipsisalsoimportant.Thejobdescriptionshouldidentifywhothepersonreportstodirectlyorindirectly.Italsoneedstodescribewhowillbereportingtothisposition.Itisgoodpracticetodescribethereportingstructureorattachanorganizationalchart,soapplicantscanpositionthemselvesinthecompany.Reading

Qualificationsandpreferredexperienceneedtobeidentified.Itmaybethepositionrequiringcertainlicenses,membershipofaparticularorganization,orinvolvementinactivitiesoutsidetheworkenvironment.Ifaprofessionalqualification,levelofeducationorcertification,etc.arerequired,listthem.Whendoingthissection,berealisticandalsoallowforabroadrangeofspecifications.Finally,itisgoodtoidentifyanyprobationaryperiod,lengthofcontractsoffered,andperformanceappraisalprocesses.ItisalsonecessarytodetermineacontactintheHumanResourcesOffice,withwhomthestaffcandiscussanyproblemsrelatedtotheposition.ReadingNewWordsandExpressions1.recruitv.seektoemploy招聘2.retainv.allowtoremaininaplaceorposition保留，留住3.setout規(guī)劃，展現(xiàn)，開始4.templaten.athingthatisusedasamodelforproducingothersimilarexamples模板，樣板5.revisev.reorganize,especiallyforthepurposeofupdatingandimproving修訂；校正6.standardizev.tomakeallthethingsofonetypethesameaseachother使標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，使合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)7.upgradev.theactofimprovingsomethingbyraisingittoahighergrade提高，加強(qiáng)8.successionn.afollowingofonethingafteranotherintime連續(xù)，連續(xù)不斷9.incumbentn.theofficialwhoholdsanoffice在職者10.recipen.directionsformakingsomething食譜，秘訣，藥方11.ingredientn.acomponentofamixtureorcompound成分；因素12.denotev.tobeasignorindicationof象征，表示ReadingNewWordsandExpressions13.excavationn.theactofdigging挖掘，發(fā)掘14.couchv.toformulateinaparticularstyleorlanguage表達(dá)；措辭15.supervisev.towatchanddirect監(jiān)督，管理，指導(dǎo)16.compensatev.makeamendsfor;paycompensationfor補(bǔ)償；付報酬17.identifyv.toestablishtheidentityofsomeoneorsomething確認(rèn)，認(rèn)明18.chartn.avisualdisplayofinformation圖表19.qualificationn.anattributethatmustbemetorcompliedwithandthatfitsapersonforsomething資格，條件，限制20.specificationn.arequirementwhichisclearlystated具體要求21.probationarya.undertermsnotfinalorfullyworkedoutoragreedupon試用的，察

看的22.appraisaln.ajudgmentofthevalue,performance,ornatureofsomebody/something評價；估計ReadingTask9Choosethecorrectoptiontocompletethesentencesbasedonyourunderstandingofthepassage.1.Aclearjobdescription（

）.A.willhelpyoudismissstaffB.willsavemoneyforthecompanyC.formsthebasisofyourcontractwithyourstaff2.Negotiationsaboutchangewillformthebasisfor（

）betweenacompanyanditsemployees.A.BarriersB.TrustandloyaltyC.Therolesandrequirementsofaposition3.Anoveralldescriptionoftheresponsibilitiesshouldbebrief,（

）.A.nolongerthanthreetofoursentencesB.notshortenthanthreetofoursentencesC.atleastthreetofoursentences4..Thejobdescriptionalsoneedstodescribe（

）theposition.A.whichoneisimportanttoB.whatquestionsarerelatedtoC.whowillbereportingto5.（

）candiscussthepositionandallrequirementsrelatedtoit.A.HumanResourcesOfficeB.PublicRelationOfficeC.AdministrativeOfficeReadingTask10Task11Fillintheblankswithoutreferringtothepassage.Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothepassage.1.Whatisagoodtitleofjob?2.Whatisinformationofjobresponsibilityintermsofproductivity?3.Whatkindofwordswillbeusedinoutliningthemainareasofresponsibilityoftheposition?4.Whatshouldbeidentifiedindescribingrelationshipsinajob?5.Whyshouldsomepositionidentifyqualificationsandpreferredexperience?

Havingagoodjobdescriptionforeverypositioninyourcompanywillhelpyousecureandretaingoodstaff.A1.jobdescriptionformsthebasisofyourcontractofengagementwithyourstaff.Youonlyhavetodevelopa2.andreviseittostandardizeyourjobdescription.Sometimes,itisimportantnottochangetherolesandrequirementsofapositionwithout3.withtheincumbent.Asimple4.foragoodjobdescriptionincludesthefollowingingredients:thetitleofthepositionandthedepartmentinwhichthepositionisheld;anoveralldescriptionofresponsibilitiescouchedintermsof5.;themainareasofjobresponsibilities.Describingrelationshipsisalsoimportant.6.andpreferredexperienceneedtobeidentified.Youshould7.anyperformancemanagementandappraisalprocessesandidentify8.intheHumanResourcesOffice,withwhomthestaffcandiscussthepositionandallrequirementsrelatedtoit.ReadingTask12CompletethesentencesbytranslatingtheChinesegiveninthebracketsintoEnglish. 1.Theysucceededinwhatthey

（規(guī)劃做的事）. 2.Thereare

（一連好幾天都是雨天）here. 3.Thechiefclerk

（負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)管）theworkofthedepartment. 4.

（什么資格）doyouneedforthejob? 5.

（經(jīng)過試用期）,thecompanydecidetoofferhimafull-timecontract.Contents目錄ListeningandSpeakingReading—Passage2Reading—Passage1CaseStudyGrammarandUsagePracticalWritingReadingStrategiesforSuccessfulJobSeekingandInterviewing

Intoday’scompetitivejobmarket,standingoutfromthecrowdandlandingyourdreamjobcanseemlikeadauntingtask.However,withtherightapproachandpreparation,youcanincreaseyourchancesofsuccess.Thefollowingaresomekeystrategiesforeffectivejobseekingandinterviewing,helpingyoumakeyourdreamcometrue.DefineYourGoalsandStrengthsThefirststepinanyjobsearchistoclarifyyourgoalsandidentifyyouruniquestrengths.Considerwhatindustriesorrolesinterestyoumost,andreflectontheskillsandexperiencesthatmakeyouavaluablecandidate.Havingaclearunderstandingofyourobjectiveswillguideyoursearchandhelpyoutailoryourresumeandcoverletterstospecificjobrequirements.CreateaCompellingResumeandCoverLetterYourresumeandcoverletterareyourfirstimpressionstopotentialemployers.Makesuretheyarewell-writtenandconcise,andhighlightyourmostrelevantaccomplishments.Usequantifiablemetricstodemonstrateyourimpact,suchasincreasingsalesby20%orreducingcostsby15%.Tailoreachapplicationtothespecificjobrequirements,showinghowyourskillsandexperiencesalignwiththeemployer’sneeds.ReadingNetworkEffectivelyNetworkingisapowerfultoolinjobsearching.ConnectwithprofessionalsinyourdesiredfieldthroughLinkedIn,industryevents,orprofessionalorganizations.Attendwebinars,workshops,andconferencestostayinformedaboutindustrytrendsandmakevaluableconnections.Remember,peopleoftenhirepeopletheyknoworhavebeenrecommendedbysomeonetheytrust.PrepareforInterviewsWhenyoulandaninterview,preparationiskey.Researchthecompany,itsculture,andthespecificroleyou’reapplyingfor.Anticipatepotentialquestionsandpracticeyouranswers.Thinkabouthowyoucanrelateyourexperiencesandskillstothejobrequirements,andprepareexamplesthatdemonstrateyourproblem-solvingabilitiesandworkethic.Dressprofessionallyandarriveontimetoshowyourenthusiasmandprofessionalism.MasterInterviewTechniquesDuringtheinterview,activelisteningandclearcommunicationareessential.Askthoughtfulquestionstodemonstrateyourinterestinthecompanyandtherole.UsetheSTARmethod(STARstandsforsituation,task,action,andresult)tostructureyouranswers,providingconcreteexamplesthatshowcaseyourabilities.Maintaineyecontact,speakconfidently,andstaypositiveevenifyouencounterchallengingquestions.ReadingFollowUpandStayEngagedAftertheinterview,sendathank-youe-mailornotetoeachinterviewer,reiteratingyourinterestinthepositionandexpressingappreciationfortheirtime.Ifyoudon’thearbackwithinaweek,considersendingapolitefollow-upe-mailtoinquireaboutthestatusofyourapplication.Stayengagedwiththecompanybyfollowingitssocialmediaaccountsandkeepingupwithindustrynews.BeOpentoFeedbackandGrowthWhetheryoulandthejobornot,treateachinterviewasalearningexperience.Ifyou’reunsuccessful,askforfeedbacktounderstandwhereyoucanimprove.Usethisinformationtorefineyourapproachandcontinuegrowingasacandidate.Remember,rejectionisnotfailure;it’sanopportunitytolearnandmoveforward.Jobseekingandinterviewingrequireastrategicapproach,combinedwithhardworkandperseverance.Bydefiningyourgoals,craftingcompellingapplications,networkingeffectively,andpreparingthoroughlyforinterviews,youcanincreaseyourchancesofsuccessinthejobmarket.Remembertostaypositive,learnfromeachexperience,andnevergiveuponyourdreams.ReadingNewWordsandExpressions1.dauntinga.discouragingthroughfear令人畏懼的

2.approachn.ideasoractionsintendedtodealwithaproblemorsituation途徑；方法v.movetowards靠近；接近；達(dá)到3.reflectv.thinkcarefully;express,makeclear,orbeasignof反??；反映4.candidaten.apersonwhoappliesforajoborisnominatedforelection候選人；應(yīng)試者5.tailorv.adapt;adjust調(diào)整使適合6.coverletter求職信；附信7.compellinga.tendingtopersuadebyforcefulnessofargument令人信服的，引人矚目的8.highlightv.pickoutsomethingasanimportantpart;throwattentiononto強(qiáng)調(diào)，突出；使顯著9.accomplishmentn.theactionofaccomplishingsomething成就；完成10.quantifiablemetrics可量化的度量法11.alignwith與……一致；結(jié)盟12.networkv.communicatewithandwithinagroup聯(lián)系，連接13.webinarn.web-basedseminar網(wǎng)上討論會14.anticipatev.thinklikelytohappen;expect預(yù)感；期望15.workethic職業(yè)道德ReadingNewWordsandExpressions16.enthusiasmn.astrongfeelingofwantingtodosomethingorlikingsomething熱情，熱心17.professionalismn.theexpertnesscharacteristicofaprofessionalperson職業(yè)水準(zhǔn)或特性；職業(yè)化18.thoughtfula.actingwithorshowingthoughtandgoodsense深思的；體貼的19.reiteratev.tosay,state,orperformagain重申20.socialmediaaccount社交媒體賬號21.rejectionn.theactofrejectingsomething拒絕22.perseverancen.determinationtokeeptryingtodosomething堅忍，毅力23.craftv.makebyhandandwithmuchskill精心制作ReadingTask13Lookthroughthepassagequicklyandchoosethebestanswerforeachofthefollowing.1.Whatcanincreaseyourchancesofsuccessinlandingadreamjob?A.Richfatherandmother.B.Enoughmoney.C.Therightpreparation.2.Whydoyouneedtocreateagoodresumeandcoverletter?A.Becauseitisyourfirstimpressionstopossibleemployers.B.Becauseitisthewaytoshowyourhandwriting.C.Becauseitsayswhatkindofpersonyouare.3.peopleoftenhirepeople（

）.A.inShanghaiorBeijingB.thathavebeenrecommendedbysomeonetheytrustC.theydon’tknow4.Whatshouldyoudoafteraninterview?A.Sendathank-youe-mailornotetoexpressyourappreciation.B.Forgetit.C.Calltoaddmoreinformation.5.Ifyou’reunsuccessful,（

）.A.calltocomplainB.askforfeedbacktounderstandwhereyoucanimproveC.applyonceagainReadingTask14Completethefollowingsentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.1.Thefirststepinanyjobsearchistoandidentifyyouruniquestrengths.2.Whenyouland,preparationiskey.3.Duringtheinterview,activelisteningandclearcommunication.4.Ifyoudon’t,considersendingapolitefollow-upe-mailtoinquireaboutthestatusofyourapplication.5.Remembertostaypositive,learnfromeachexperience,and.Contents目錄ListeningandSpeakingReading—Passage2Reading—Passage1CaseStudyGrammarandUsagePracticalWritingCaseStudyTask15Workingroups,anddiscussthefollowingquestionswithyourpartners. WhichprofessionsdotheChinesetrustthemost?Inordertomakethequestionclear,Reader’sDigestChinaconductedasurvey.Thesurveypolled1,103Chinese.Respondents（調(diào)查對象）,allaged20orolder,weregiventwolists,onewith40professionsandtheotherwith79Chinesepersonalities,andaskedtoratethetrustworthinessofeachprofessionandpersonalityonascalefromonetoten.Theresultshowedthatfirefighterstoppedtheprofessionslist,andtheotherprofessionsinthetop10includedsoldier,farmer,teacher,weatherman,accountant/auditor,judge,bankclerk,doctor,andchef.Meanwhile,YuanLongping,aleadingChineseagriculturalscientist,waschosenasthemosttrustworthy.1.Whatisyouridealjoborcareer?Why?2.Whodoyoutrustthemost?Why?3.Doyouhaveanyplantomakeyouridealjobcometrue?How?Contents目錄ListeningandSpeakingReading—Passage2Reading—Passage1CaseStudyGrammarandUsagePracticalWritingGrammarandUsage1．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成PresentProgressive現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成為be動詞（am/is/are）+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。（1）當(dāng)主語是I時，be動詞用am，可縮略為I’m；當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，如it,she,he時，be動詞用is，可縮略為it’s,she’s,he’s；當(dāng)主語是復(fù)數(shù)，如you,they,we時，be動詞用are，可縮略為you’re,they’re,we’re。（2）動詞現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成。GrammarandUsage2．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的句型結(jié)構(gòu)

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的肯定形式、否定形式、疑問形式及其回答的所有變化都體現(xiàn)在be動詞（am/is/are）上。

（1）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的肯定形式：主語+be動詞（am/is/are）+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他成分。

例如 Theyaresingingintheroom.

（2）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的否定形式：主語+be動詞（am/is/are）+not+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他成分。

例如 Theyarenotsingingintheroom.或Theyaren’tsingingintheroom.

（3）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的一般疑問句：be動詞（am/is/are）+主語+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他成分。

例如——Aretheysingingintheroom?——Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.

（4）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+be動詞（am/is/are）+主語+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他成分。

例如——Whatareyoudoing?——WearewatchingTV.——Whoareyouwaitingfor?——Iamwaitingformyfriend.GrammarandUsage3．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的用法

（1）表示說話時正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作。

例如 Pleasedon’tmakesomuchnoise,I’mwritingacomposition.

不要吵鬧，我正在寫作文。 Let’ssetoff.Itisn’trainingnow.咱們出發(fā)吧，現(xiàn)在天不下雨了。

（2）有時通過上下文可以判斷出應(yīng)采用何種時態(tài)。

例如 It’sfouro’clockintheafternoon,andthechildrenareplayingfootballonthesportsground.

現(xiàn)在是下午4點，孩子們在操場上踢足球。

（3）表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行而說話時不一定在進(jìn)行的動作。

例如 Weareworkinginafactorythesedays.這幾天我們在一家工廠工作。 Theyarecompilingadictionary.他們正在編一本詞典。

（4）在口語中表示主語計劃將要做的動作。

例如 TheyareleavingforNewYorktomorrow.明天他們將要動身前往紐約。

（5）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時與always等副詞連用時帶有感情色彩。

例如 He’salwaysquarrellingwithothers.他老喜歡跟別人吵架。 Sheisconstantlyworryingaboutherson’shealth.她不停地為她兒子的健康擔(dān)心。GrammarandUsage

（6）有的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時句子和一般現(xiàn)在時同義。用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示詢問者的關(guān)切心情。

例如 Howareyoufeelingtoday?你今天感覺如何？ Iamlookingforwardtoyournextvisit.我盼望你下次再來。 Whyareyoulookingsosad?為什么你看起來這么愁眉苦臉的樣子呢？（7）有的動詞用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示“逐漸”的含義。

例如 Ourstudyisbecomingmoreandmoreinteresting.我們的學(xué)習(xí)變得越來越有趣了。 Theleavesareturningred.樹葉漸漸地變紅了。

（8）be動詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。be動詞用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示說話者認(rèn)為是短暫的、和平常不一樣的，甚至是偽裝的。

例如 Heisbeingfoolish.他在裝傻。 Heisbeinghonest.他表現(xiàn)得特別老實。 Ican’tunderstandwhyheisbeingsoselfish.我不明白此時他為何如此自私。

（9）并不是所有動詞都能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)，如see,like,want,know等動詞往往都不用進(jìn)行時態(tài)。Task16GrammarandUsageChoosethebestanswerfromeachofthefollowingsentences.1.我在照看孩子。A.Iamlookingafterthebaby B.I’mlookafteringthebabyC.Ilookamafteringthebaby D.Ilookingafterthebaby2.Myfriend’sakite.A.makinghis B.makinghim C.makehis D.makehim3.Isthewomanyellowyourteacher?A.in B.puttingon C.wearing D.having4.Look!Thetwinstheirmotherdohousework.A.arewanting B.help C.arehelping D.arelooking5.arethebirdsdoing?Theyaresinginginatree.A.Who B.What C.How D.Where6.Isshesomething?A.eat B.eating C.eating D.eats7.你在干什