銜接點(diǎn)10特殊句式（小初考點(diǎn)差異及銜接）小學(xué)要求主要學(xué)習(xí)疑問句、感嘆句、Therebe句型初中要求陳述句的構(gòu)成形式及基本用法；疑問句的構(gòu)成形式及基本用法；祈使句的構(gòu)成形式及基本用法；5、由what,how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句的構(gòu)成形式、用法及區(qū)別?！拘W(xué)特殊句式考點(diǎn)聚焦】感嘆句1.選詞填空WhatHowWhataWhatan(1)nicetheskirtis! (2)hotitistoday!(3)bighorsestheyare! (4)interestingbookitis!(5)cleverboyheis! (6)clevertheboyis!(7)hardJackworks! (8)fastPeterruns!(9)finedayitis! (10)nicepicturestheyare!1.(1)How(2)How(3)What(4)Whatan(5)Whata(6)How(7)How(8)How(9)Whata(10)What疑問句在下面的橫線上填上恰當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡栐~。howlongwherehowmanywhenhowtallwhichwhywhosehowmuchwhohowfarwhathowoldhowhowheavy(1)-istheweatherliketoday?-It'ssunny.(2)-penisit?-It'sMary's.(3)-doesLucycometoschool?-Shecomestoschoolbycar.(4)-isyourjacket?-It's100yuan.(5)-isLucyfrom?-She'sfromAustralia.(6)-areyou?-I'melevenyearsold.(7)-areyou?-I'm155cm.(8)-areyou?-I'm60kg.(9)-boysarethereinyourclass?-Therearetwelve.(10)boyisyourbrother?-Theoneinaredcap.(11)-isyourmathsteacher?-MrChenismymathsteacher.(12)-isit?-It'sabout50kilometres.(13)didyoustayinAmerica?-Fortwoweeks.(14)doesyourfathergotowork?-At8:30a.m.(15)-doyoulikewinter?-BecauseIcanskate.(1)What(2)Whose(3)How(4)Howmuch(5)Where(6)Howold(7)Howtall(8)Howheavy(9)Howmany(10)Which(11)Who(12)Howfar(13)Howlong(14)When(15)WhyTherebe句型1.選擇正確的詞填空。(16分)(1)There(is/are)sevendaysinaweek.(2)There(is/are)somemilkinthefridge.(3)There(is/isn't)anymoneyinhispocket.(4)There(is/was)abridgethreeyearsago.(5)(Is/Are)thereanyapplesonthetable?(6)There(is/are)aChinesebookandthreemathsbooksinmybag.(7)There(are/aren't)anysheepatthisfarm.(8)There(is/are)somebreadforyou.(1)are(2)is(3)isn't(4)was(5)Are(6)is(7)aren't(8)is【初中特殊句式考點(diǎn)聚焦】考點(diǎn)清單簡單句的特點(diǎn)：簡單句通常只由一個(gè)主語(或并列主語)和一個(gè)謂語(或并列謂語)構(gòu)成。一般分為陳述句、疑問句、感嘆句和祈使句四種。一、陳述句：用來說明一個(gè)事實(shí)的句子叫陳述句。它有肯定式和否定式兩種形式。陳述句的肯定式：Heisamiddleschoolstudent.（他是個(gè)中學(xué)生）Ihaveahammerinmyhand.（我手上有把錘子）Sheteachesusgeography.（她教我們地理）Thenewplaywasgoodenoughandeverybodyenjoyedit.（新的話劇非常好大家都喜歡）陳述句的否定式：1.謂語動(dòng)詞如果是be、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),在它們的后面加“not”。如：Mybrotherisnotateacher.（我的弟弟不是教師）Hedoesnothaveacousin.（他沒有堂兄弟）Iwillnotgotheretomorrow.（明天我不去那兒）Youmustnotmakesuchmistakesagain.（你不該再犯類似錯(cuò)誤了）2.謂語動(dòng)詞如果沒有上述詞語而是其他動(dòng)詞時(shí),須在它的前面加donot(don’t).如：Idon’tknowanythingaboutit.(此事我一無所知)LiMingdoesnotfeedpigsinthecountryside.（李明不在農(nóng)村養(yǎng)豬）Wedidn’texpecttomeetherrighthere.（我們沒指望著在這里見到她）Wedidn’thaveameetingyesterdayafternoon.(昨天下午我們沒有開會(huì))[注意]1.句子中如果有all、both、verymuch/well等詞時(shí),用not一般構(gòu)成部分否定,如果要完全否定,則通常使用none、neither、not…atall等；如：Allofthemwentthere.→Noneofthemwentthere.（他們?nèi)既チ四抢铩麄內(nèi)紱]去那里）2.句子中含有l(wèi)ittle、few、too(太)、hardly、never、neither、nor、seldom等詞時(shí),則視為否定句。如：Fewpeoplelivetherebecauselifethereisveryhard.（幾乎沒有人生活在那里因?yàn)槟抢锏纳钐D難了）二、疑問句一般疑問句：用“yes”或“no”來回答的疑問句叫做一般疑問句。一般疑問句構(gòu)成：句中謂語動(dòng)詞是be、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),則將它們(提前)放到主語前面。如：Isheanengineer?（他是工程師嗎？）Haveyougottoday’snewspaper?（你有今天的報(bào)紙嗎？）Shallwegotoseeafilmthisevening?（我們今晚去看電影好嗎？）Canyouexplainit?（你能解釋它嗎？）Isthereanyfishforsupper?（晚飯有魚嗎？）Wouldyouliketogooutforawalk?（你想出去散步嗎？）謂語動(dòng)詞如果沒有上述詞語而是其他動(dòng)詞時(shí),則在主語前面加助動(dòng)詞do/does/did,原來的謂語動(dòng)詞改為原形。如：Doyougetupatsixeverymorning?（你天天早晨六點(diǎn)起身嗎？）Doesshestudyhard?（她學(xué)習(xí)努力嗎？）Didyougothereyesterday?（昨天你去那兒了嗎？）2.一般疑問句的回答：一般疑問句通常用簡略形式來回答。如：Willyoujoinusinplayingbasketball?（你加入我們打籃球好嗎？）—Yes,wewill.（是的我們會(huì)。）/—No,wewon’t.（不我們不會(huì)。）3.一般疑問句的否定結(jié)構(gòu)(即否定形式的一般疑問句)表示驚奇、責(zé)怪、建議、看法等,只要將“not”置于主語之后或者將“not”放到主語之前與be,have等助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞合并在一起就可以了。如：Willhenotcome?（他難道不來嗎？）Isn’tyoursisteraPartymember?（你的姐姐不是黨員嗎？）這種否定結(jié)構(gòu)的疑問句的回答與漢語的習(xí)慣不同。如果回答是肯定的,就用“yes+肯定結(jié)構(gòu)”；如果回答是否定的,就用“no+否定結(jié)構(gòu)”。(情況與反意問句類似。)如：Can’theanswerthequestion?(他不能回答這個(gè)問題嗎？)—Yes,hecan.(不,他能回答這個(gè)問題。)—No,hecan’t.(是的,他不能回答這個(gè)問題。)特殊疑問句1.特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)是：疑問代詞+一般疑問句+？除who以外的疑問代詞短語疑問副詞如：Whatdoyouwant?（你要什么？）Who(m)areyoulookingfor?（你在找誰？）Whichclassareyouin?（你在哪班？）Whendidyougetupthismorning?（你今早什么時(shí)候起身的？）Wherehaveyoubeen?（你到哪兒去了？）Whydidhegotobedsoearly?（他為什么這么早睡覺？）Howdidyougothere?（你是怎么去的那兒？）但是,“who”引出的詢問主語或主語部分相關(guān)詞的特殊疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)與陳述句詞序相同：如：Whoisdancingoverthere?（誰在那邊跳舞？）有時(shí)“what”,“which”,“whose”也可以引出與陳述句詞序相同的特殊疑問句。如：Whatisonthewall?（什么東西在墻上？/墻上有什么？）Whichisyours?（哪個(gè)是你的？）Whosebookisinyourbag?（誰的書在你的書包里？）[注意]從陳述句改為特殊問句時(shí),先將句子改為一般問句,再將(劃線)提問部分更改為疑問詞置于句首,特別要注意助動(dòng)詞的使用！如果只對(duì)主語或主語的修飾詞提問,那么只需要將疑問部分改為疑問詞即可。2)常用疑問代詞和疑問副詞疑問代詞疑問副詞what,who(whom,whose),whichwhen,where,why,how(often,far,long,soon,old,many,much)疑問詞提問對(duì)象What（什么）對(duì)主語，謂語、表語、賓語提問Whatmakesyousoworried?Whatareyoudoing?Whatisthis?Whatcanyousee?Theexammakesmesoworried.IamwatchingTV.Thisisaruler.Icanseeadog.Who（誰）對(duì)主語提問Whoisourmonitor?Tomisourmonitor.Which（哪個(gè)）對(duì)定語提問Whichskirtdoyouprefer?Iprefertheredone.When（什么時(shí)候）對(duì)時(shí)間提問Whendoyougetupeveryday?Igetupat6o’clock.Where（哪里）對(duì)地點(diǎn)提問Wherearethey?Theyareathome.Why（為什么）對(duì)原因提問Whydidn’tyoufinishyourjobintime?Whydoyoustudysohard?BecauseIwasverytired.Topasstheexam.How（怎樣）對(duì)表示方式、程度的詞提問Howdoyougotoschool？Howisyourschoolday?Igotoschoolbycar./by+doing.It’sgood.Howold（多大）對(duì)年齡提問Howoldisyourson?Heistwoyearsold.Howmany（多少）對(duì)數(shù)量提問，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)Howmanyteachersarethereinyourschool?Therearethreeteachersinmyschool.Howmuch（多少）對(duì)數(shù)量提問后接不可數(shù)名詞/對(duì)錢提問Howmuchwaterinthebottle?Howmucharethesocks?Thereisalittlewaterinthebottle.Thesocksareseverdollars.Howlong（多長時(shí)間）對(duì)時(shí)間段提問Howlongdoesittaketogotoschool?Ittakesme2hourstogotoschool.Howoften（多久）對(duì)頻率提問Howoftendoyoudoexercise?Idoexerciseonceaweek.Howfar(多遠(yuǎn))對(duì)距離提問Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?Itis3kmfrommyhometoschool.Howsoon(多久后)對(duì)將來時(shí)間提問Howsoonwillyoufinishyourwork?Iwillfinishmyworkinanhour.選擇疑問句：提出兩種或兩種以上情況,需要對(duì)方作出選擇回答的疑問句叫選擇疑問句。1)構(gòu)成：(1)一般疑問句+or+第二選項(xiàng)？(2)特殊疑問句+第一選項(xiàng)(+第二選項(xiàng))+or+第三選項(xiàng)？2)選擇疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)與特殊疑問句相同,即要具體回答,不可以用yes/no回答。如：Isyourfriendaboyoragirl?–Agirl.(----你的朋友是男孩還是女孩？----是女孩。)Whichdoyouprefer,coffeeortea?–Tea,please.(---你要哪一樣咖啡還是茶？----請來茶吧。)Whichdoyoulikebest,singing,dancingorskating?--Dancing,ofcourse.(----唱歌、跳舞和溜冰你最喜歡哪樣？----當(dāng)然是跳舞啦！)1.isyourhometown?Ican’tfinditanywhereonthemap.

A.What B.Which C.When D.Where答案D考查特殊疑問詞。由“Ican’tfinditanywhereonthemap.”可知，此處應(yīng)是問你的家鄉(xiāng)在哪里，應(yīng)用where提問。故選D。2.—haveyoubeenamemberoftheYouthLeague?

—Forthreeyears.A.Howlong B.Howmany C.Howoften D.Howfar答案A考查特殊疑問詞組。答語“Forthreeyears.”為時(shí)間段，對(duì)時(shí)間段提問應(yīng)用howlong。故選A。3.—doyouplayvolleyball，Amy?

—Threedaysaweek.A.Howlong B.Howsoon C.Howoften D.Howmuch答案C考查特殊疑問詞組。howlong對(duì)時(shí)間或長度提問;howsoon多久以后;howoften多久一次;howmuch多少。根據(jù)回答可知此句詢問頻率。故選C。4.—didtheonlineconcertbegin?

—Youdidn’tmissanything.Ithasjustbegun.A.When B.Where C.What D.Why答案A考查特殊疑問詞。由答語“Ithasjustbegun.”可知，此處是問網(wǎng)上音樂會(huì)什么時(shí)候開始的，故選A。5.—isChina’sTiangongspacestationfromus?

—About400kilometersabovetheearth.A.Howmuch B.Howoften C.Howfar D.Howlong答案C考查特殊疑問詞組。根據(jù)答語可知問句問的是“有多遠(yuǎn)”。howfar多遠(yuǎn)，故選C。6.—IlovethisT?shirt.doesitcost?

—50yuan.Whynottryiton?A.Howlong B.Howoften C.Howold D.Howmuch答案D考查特殊疑問詞組。根據(jù)問句中的“cost”和答語中的“50yuan.”可知，設(shè)空處詢問價(jià)格，故選D。7.—willyouleaveforcamping?

—Thisweekend.Everythingisreadyforthepicnic.A.When B.Where C.How D.Why答案A考查特殊疑問詞。根據(jù)答句中的“Thisweekend.”可知，此處是詢問時(shí)間，應(yīng)用when。故選A。8.—canyouskiprope，Linda?

—Over200timesinaminute.A.Howsoon B.Howfar C.Howfast D.Howlong答案C考查特殊疑問詞組。howsoon多久以后，提問將來的時(shí)間;howfar多遠(yuǎn)，提問距離;howfast多快，提問速度;howlong多長，多久，提問時(shí)間或長度。根據(jù)答語“Over200timesinaminute.”可知，問的是跳繩能跳多快。故選C。三、祈使句祈使句用來表示請求、命令等。它的主語you往往省略。祈使句的肯定式：動(dòng)詞(原形)+其他如：Pleasegivemeahand.(請幫忙)/Shutup!(住嘴！)祈使句的否定式：Don’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他如：Pleasedon’ttalkinlowvoices.(請不要低聲講話。)Don’tlookback!(不要掉頭看。)[注意]以“l(fā)et’s”引出的祈使句的否定結(jié)構(gòu),“not”應(yīng)放在“l(fā)et’s”后面。如：Let’snottroublehim.(我們不要打擾他。)肯定祈使句前可以用助動(dòng)詞來強(qiáng)調(diào)語氣。如：Pleasedohelpme!(請千萬幫幫我。)1.fasttoyourdreams，forifdreamsdie，lifeislikeabroken?wingedbirdthatcanneverfly.

A.Hold B.Tohold C.Held D.Holding答案A考查祈使句。此處用祈使句表達(dá)建議，祈使句以動(dòng)詞原形開頭。故選A。2.—Cindy，outtherubbishwhenyouleave.AndI’lldothedishes.

—OK，Dad.A.take B.takes C.took D.totake答案A考查祈使句。此處為祈使句，應(yīng)以動(dòng)詞原形開頭。故選A。3.—Yourroomisinaterriblemess，Tom.yourbookshereandtherenexttime.

—OK，.I’llputthemawayinfiveminutes，Mum.

A.Don’tleave;Iwon’t B.Won’tleave;IwillC.Don’tleave;Iwill D.Won’tleave;Iwon’t答案A考查祈使句及其應(yīng)答語。第一空后雖然有表示將來時(shí)間的nexttime，但這是媽媽向湯姆發(fā)出的命令、要求，是祈使句，所以用Don’t+動(dòng)詞原形。排除B、D。肯定祈使句的應(yīng)答語為Iwill;否定祈使句的應(yīng)答語為Iwon’t。故選A。4.MrLee，(notmix)yourlifeandworktogether.

答案don’tmix句意:李先生，不要把你的生活和工作混在一起。此句是否定的祈使句，其構(gòu)成是“don’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分”，故填don’tmix。5.(make)suretherearenomistakesinyourpaperandyoucanhanditin.

答案Make考查祈使句。祈使句以動(dòng)詞原形開頭，makesure“確?！薄９侍頜ake。四、感嘆句感嘆句用來表示喜怒哀樂等強(qiáng)烈感情。句末常用“！”對(duì)含有形容詞的名詞短語感嘆的結(jié)構(gòu)通常是：What+(a/an)+(形容詞)+名詞+陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)(主謂語),用來強(qiáng)調(diào)句子中的名詞,如：Whatagood,kindgirl(sheis)!(她是多么善良的好女孩！)/Whatbadweather(itis)!(天氣真糟糕！)僅對(duì)形容詞或副詞進(jìn)行感嘆的結(jié)構(gòu)通常是：How+形容詞/副詞+陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)(主謂語),用來強(qiáng)調(diào)句子中的形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞。如：Howcarefullytheoldmanwalks!(這老人走路真小心！)Howdeliciousthefoodis!(這食品真好吃！)`Howbeautiful!(真美呀！)Howbeautifulthegirlis!=Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!1.clevergirlKittyis!Shecancomeupwithsomecreativewaystofinishtheproject.

A.What B.Howa C.How D.Whata答案D考查感嘆句。本句感嘆的中心詞是girl，應(yīng)該用what引導(dǎo)感嘆句，girl為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，clever以輔音音素開頭，應(yīng)該使用不定冠詞a，故選D。2.greatscientistYuanLongpingis!Hespentallhislifeontheresearchofrice.

A.What B.Whata C.How D.Howa答案B考查感嘆句。本句感嘆的中心詞是scientist，scientist是可數(shù)名詞，此處應(yīng)用Whata來修飾名詞短語greatscientist。故選B。3.niceitistodrinkacupofcoffeeafterlonghours’work!

A.What B.Whata C.How D.Howa答案C考查感嘆句。本句是感嘆句，其中心詞為形容詞nice，用How引導(dǎo)，故選C。4.—greatsurprisetoseeyouhere，Daniel!

—Yeah.Wehaven’tseeneachotherforquitealongtime.A.Whata B.What C.Howa D.How答案A考查感嘆句。本句為感嘆句，其中心詞surprise為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式，且great以輔音音素開頭，所以用“What+a+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式+主語+謂語!”，故選A。6.—doyouadmireYuanLongpingfor?

—Hedevotedallhislifetotheresearchanddevelopmentofbetterriceplants.A.Why B.What C.How D.Where答案B考查特殊疑問詞?！癢hat...for?”是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“為什么……?”。故選B。7.Itisreallyapleasanttimetohaveapicniconawarmsunnyday.(改為感嘆句)pleasanttimeitistohaveapicniconawarmsunnyday!

答案Whata考查感嘆句。time是名詞，被形容詞修飾時(shí)，要加不定冠詞a/an，指“一段……的時(shí)光”。本句感嘆的中心詞為time，前面的形容詞pleasant以輔音音素開頭，所以用What加不定冠詞a來填空。設(shè)空位于句首，需大寫首字母。故填Whata。8.Dadusuallymakesbadplansbutthistimehegotitright,finally.asurprise!

答案What此處為感嘆句,空后的surprise在這里為名詞,表示“意想不到的事情”,應(yīng)用what開頭的感嘆句,故填What。9.Iwasredintheface.IwishedIcoulddisappear!

答案How句意:我臉紅了。我多么希望我能消失!此處為How開頭的感嘆句。故填How。10.thankfulIwastomyfriendJohn!

答案How句意:我多么感謝我的朋友John啊!根據(jù)空后的thankfulIwas和句尾的嘆號(hào)可知,該句是“How+形容詞+主語+謂語!”的感嘆句句式,故填How。一．情景對(duì)話請通讀下面的對(duì)話,根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容,從方框內(nèi)的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。A(JohnandhisfriendKatearetalkingonthephone.J=John,K=Kate)J:Hello?K:Hi,John!1Youweren'tatthepartylastSunday.

J:I'monvacationrightnow.K:Great!2

J:I'mafraidnot.It'sanunusualbeach.Inmyopinion,thefewerpeople,thebetter.K:3

J:That'strue.Thesunisshiningbrightlyandtheseaissobeautiful.K:4

J:Nothingmuch.Ijustreadandresteveryday.Infact,Iwasasleepbeforeyourcall.K:Oh,I'msorry.5

J:Thanks.Seeyounextweek.A.Whereareyou?B.Thatsoundsnice.C.IsitaplaceIknow?D.Haveagreatvacation.E.Manypeopleareattheparty?F.Didyoudoanythingspecialthere?答案1.A由下句“Youweren'tatthepartylastSunday.”及回答“I'monvacationrightnow.”可知本空詢問John去哪兒了。故選A。2.C由下文“恐怕不,這是個(gè)不尋常的海灘?！笨芍?此處是Kate在問那個(gè)地方她知不知道。故選C。3.B由上句“Inmyopinion,thefewerpeople,thebetter.”可知,下句應(yīng)是對(duì)此觀點(diǎn)的評(píng)價(jià)。故選B。4.F由下文“Nothingmuch.Ijustreadandresteveryday.”可知,本空詢問John在那兒做了什么特別的事。故選F。5.D由下文“Thanks.Seeyounextweek.”可知,對(duì)話要結(jié)束了,此處內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是祝John度假愉快。故選D。BMan:Goodmorning,welcometotheArtSchool.Woman:Thanks.I'dliketojoinoneofyoureveningartcourses.Man:OK.1

Woman:Chinesepaintingcourse.IlikeChinesepainting.2

Man:Yes,itis.Verybeautiful.Nowlet'sfillinthisform.3

Woman:LucyGreen.Man:Whichcountryareyoufrom?Woman:Well,4ButactuallyI'mAmerican.

Man:Isee.Nextquestion.Canyoutellmewhereyoulive?Woman:5

Man:Thanks.Now,I'llgiveyousomeinformation.A.It'ssobeautiful.B.Whichcourse?C.IworkhereinEngland.D.What'syourname,please?E.Yes,it's58CharnwoodRoad.F.HowdoyouknowaboutChinesepainting?答案1.B由下文的“Chinesepaintingcourse.”可知,此處是問哪個(gè)課程,故選B。2.A由下文的“Yes,itis.Verybeautiful.”可知,此處應(yīng)是稱贊中國繪畫漂亮,故選A。3.D由下文的“LucyGreen.”可知,此處是問女士的名字。故選D。4.C由上文的“你來自哪個(gè)國家?”及下文的“但實(shí)際上我是美國人?！笨芍?設(shè)空處應(yīng)提到一個(gè)國家,而且這個(gè)國家不是美國。C選項(xiàng)“我在英國工作?！狈险Z境。故選C。5.E由上文的“whereyoulive”可知,設(shè)空處應(yīng)該涉及一個(gè)住址。故選E。二.短文填空Oneday,Iwantedmyfathertogetsomefruitforme.SoIsaidtomyfather,“Dad,1.here!”Whenmydadheardme,hecameoverrightaway.However,mymomsaidtome,“2.sayitthatway.Sayitmorepolitely.”

“Ididn'twantto,”Ireplied.“Ifyoudon'tsayitpolitely,then3.watchingTVfromnowon!”mymomsaidangrily.

4.sadIwaswhenIheardthis!Thenmymomsaid,“5.youwantotherstobepolitetoyou?Ifso,youshouldbepolitetootherstoo.”

Indeed,weshouldbepolite,oritmightmakeothersfeeluncomfortable.語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文,講述的是家庭成員之間的故事。故事告訴我們,即使是家庭成員之間也要有禮貌,否則會(huì)讓別人不舒服。1.come考查祈使句?？隙ǖ钠硎咕湟詣?dòng)詞原形開頭。根據(jù)下一句“Whenmydadheardme,hecameoverrightaway.”可知,“我”是讓父親過來,故填come。2.Don't考查祈使句。根據(jù)后一句“Sayitmorepolitely.”可知,媽媽覺得“我”說話不禮貌,所以讓“我”不要那樣說。所以此句為否定的祈使句,置于句首首字母需大寫,故填Don't。3.stop考查祈使句。根據(jù)上下文可知,如果“我”說話不禮貌,媽媽會(huì)禁止“我”看電視。故填stop。4.How考查感嘆句。根據(jù)感嘆句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)“How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語+其他!”可知,本空應(yīng)填How。置于句首首字母需大寫。5.Do考查一般疑問句。根據(jù)本句句尾“?”和下句開頭的Ifso可知,本句為一般疑問句,助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)提前。根據(jù)語境可知,本句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),且謂語部分有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞want,故助動(dòng)詞為do,置于句首首字母需大寫。故填Do。三.方框選詞填空askbedon’thelphowlongmakeneedwaitPre?examstressisoneofthebiggestproblemsinstudents’lives.Itmakesyoufeelbadandstopsyoufromthinkingclearly.Sohere1sometipstohelpyoulowerthestressofexams.

BeorganizedandstartearlyThebestwaytodealwithexamstressistohaveagoodstudyplan.Decidehowmuchtimetospendoneachsubject.Anddon’t2untilthelastminutetostudyeverything.

Don’tbeafraidtoaskWhenwedon’tunderstandsomething，wefeelstressed.It’snormal.Butdon’tworryaboutit，dosomethingaboutit!3yourteacherforhelp.Allteacherswanttheirstudentstodowellinexams.

Healthybody，healthybrainYourbody4exerciseforyourbraintoworkbetter.Sodon’tstudyallthetime.Itcanjust5youmorestressed.Dosomesport，gotothegymorjustgoforawalk.Justgetupandmove!

EatandsleepwellIt’simportantforyourbraintorest.6doyouneedtosleepeverynight?Atleasteighthours.Eatahealthydietandavoiddrinkswithcaffeinethatcanstopyoufromsleepingwell.

7keepyourstresstoyourself

Finally，ifyouhavefollowedallthisadviceandyoustillfeelstressed，thendon’tkeepitasecret.Talktosomeone，yourmumoryourdad，afriendorateacherandtellthemhowyoufeel.Weallneed8sometimes.

1.2.3.

4.5.6.

7.8.

1.are本句為存現(xiàn)句的另外一種形式hereis/are...，表示“這里有……”，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與空后的名詞tips保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。故填are。2.wait此處為否定的祈使句，結(jié)構(gòu)為“don’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他”，根據(jù)上文可推測，此處句意為“不要等到最后一分鐘才學(xué)習(xí)所有內(nèi)容”。故填wait。3.Ask此處為祈使句。asksb.forhelp向某人求助。故填A(yù)sk。注意句首單詞首字母大寫。4.needs空處是謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)下文可知要多運(yùn)動(dòng)，因此此處指你的身體需要運(yùn)動(dòng)”，主語為Yourbody，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故填needs。5.make此處指一直學(xué)習(xí)只會(huì)使你壓力更大，結(jié)合方框中所給詞可知選make，空前有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can，故填make。6.Howlong根據(jù)下一句“Atleasteighthours.”可知問句問的是多長時(shí)間，故填Howlong。注意句首單詞首字母大寫。7.Don’t根據(jù)下面的語境可知此處為否定的祈使句，故填Don’t。注意句首單詞首字母大寫。8.help此處need是及物動(dòng)詞，空處作賓語，故填名詞。結(jié)合語境及方框中所給詞可知選help，此處意為“有時(shí)候我們都需要幫助”。故填help。一Manfirstlanded(著陸）onthemoonin1969.Butdidyouknowthatmanwasnotthefirsttotravelaroundthemoon?OnSeptember14,1968,theSovietSpaceProgramsenttwotortoises(烏龜)intospaceforatriparoundthemoon.Afteraweek-longtrip,thetortoiseslandedintheIndianOcean.TheytraveledbacktoMoscow(莫斯科）onOctober7.Boththetortoisesstilllivedafterthetrip.Theylostabout10%oftheirbodyweight(體重），buttheywerestillhealthy.Theyweredissected(解剖)onOctober11,1968.Scientistswantedtoseehowtheirbodieschangedafterthespacetravel.Theyfoundthat"Eatingnofoodmadethetortoisesthinner.butnotthespacetravel”.Itshowedthattheanimalscouldliveaftertravelingaroundthemoon.Butthisdidnotmeanthatmancoulddothesame.Thetwotortoiseswerethefirsttotravelaroundthemoonsuccessfully.Before1968otheranimalswerealsosenttotravelinspace.butmanyofthemcouldn'tlivetotravelbacktotheearth.1.Howlongdidthetwotortoisestravelinspace?2.Whywerethetwotortoisesdissected?3.Whatmadethetwotortoiseslosetheirbodyweight?4.Whendidthetwotortoisescomeback?5.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?譯文人類于1969年首次登上月球，但是你知道嗎?人類并不是第一個(gè)進(jìn)行探月旅行的。1968年9月14日，蘇聯(lián)太空計(jì)劃將兩只烏龜送入太空進(jìn)行探月旅行。經(jīng)過為期一周的太空旅行，這兩只烏龜降落在印度洋上。它們在10月7日回到了莫斯科。這兩只烏龜在旅行后仍然活著。它們的體重減輕了大約10%，但它們?nèi)匀唤】?。它們?968年10月11日被解剖了?？茖W(xué)家們想觀察太空旅行后它們身體的變化。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，“讓烏龜變瘦的原因是沒有進(jìn)食而不是太空旅行”。這表明動(dòng)物可以在探月旅行之后存活下去。但這并不意味著人類也能做到這一點(diǎn)。這兩只烏龜是首批成功探月旅行的。在1968年之前，其他動(dòng)物也被送往太空旅行，但它們中的許多無法活到返回地球。答案詳析1.Sevendays./aweek。根據(jù)第二段中的“Afteraweek-longtrip,thetortoiseslandedintheIndianOcean.”可知，經(jīng)過為期一周的太空旅行，兩只烏龜降落在印度洋上，即它們在太空中旅行了七天。2.Becausethescientistswantedtowatchhowtheirbodieschanged.根據(jù)第三段中的“Theyweredissected...seehowtheirbodieschangedafterthespacetravel.”可知，兩只烏龜被解剖是因?yàn)榭茖W(xué)家們想觀察太空旅行后它們身體的變化。3.Nofood。根據(jù)第三段中的“Eatingnofoodmadethetortoisesthinner”可知，兩只烏龜是因缺乏食物而體重下降的。4.onOctober7,1968.根據(jù)第二段中的“TheytraveledbacktoMoscow(莫斯科）onOctober7..”可知他們10月7號(hào)返回了莫斯科。5.Animalstraveledinspace。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了兩只烏龜被送入太空，進(jìn)行太空旅行的事情。故C項(xiàng)“動(dòng)物在太空中旅行”最適合作本文標(biāo)題。二Acolorfulbalcony(陽臺(tái))withfreshvegetablesandfruitshasturnedintoacommonsightthisyear.Shanghai,Beijing,andDongguanareamongthetopfivecitiesforvegetablegrowers,whoaremainlyintheir20sand30s.Coriander,chives,chilipeppersandtomatoesarethemostpopularchoices.Inthefirstthreemonthsthisyear,salesofvegetableseedsonlinedoubled.LuZhipeng,whoheadsTmall’sflowerdepartment,saidbalconygardeningisnowworth(值)tensofbillionsofyuan.Infact,growingvegetablesinbalconygardensismorethanjustanachievement.Itisbecomingalifestyle.ZhangMin,atwenty-year-oldgirl,onlyspentalittlemoneyonseedpackages,soilandflowerpotstobuilda“farm”onher6-square-meterbalcony.“Ifeellikeyoungpeoplegrowingvegetablesonbalconiesisaspopularassquaredancingisforourparents.”Zhangsaid.ShehasharvestedsmalltomatoesthreetimesfromherbalconygardeninBeijing.Redpeppersandcoriandersareregularsinhergarden,andsheaddsthemtoherdisheswhencooking.Forteenagers,balconygardeningisawaytoenjoynature.Especiallywhentheylivefarawayfromrealfields.Andbytakingcareofvegetables,theylearntorespectlives.1.Whatdopeopledoontheirbalconyaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Theygrowvegetablesandfruits. B.Theysellvegetableseeds.C.Theydosomereading. D.Theyplantflowers.2.WhatdoesZhangMinthinkofbalconygardening?A.Popular. B.Expensive. C.Meaningless. D.Educational.3.WhatdoesZhangMinliketogrowonherbalcony?A.Coriander,chivesandtomatoes. B.Chillipepper,tomatoesandchives.C.Chillipepper,chivesandcoriander. D.Tomatoes,redpepperandcoriander.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“harvested”mean?A.Sold. B.Bought. C.Collected. D.Watered.5.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Popularvegetableseeds.B.Balconygardeningforchildren.C.Topfivecitiesforvegetablegrowers.D.Anewlifestyle—balconygardening.【答案】1.A2.A3.D4.C5.D【解析】本文主要介紹了一種新的生活方式——陽臺(tái)園藝。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Acolorfulbalcony(陽臺(tái))withfreshvegetablesandfruitshasturnedintoacommonsightthisyear.”可知，他們種植蔬菜和水果。故選A。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ifeellikeyoungpeoplegrowingvegetablesonbalconiesisaspopularassquaredancingisforourparents.”可知，她認(rèn)為陽臺(tái)園藝很受歡迎。故選A。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ShehasharvestedsmalltomatoesthreetimesfromherbalconygardeninBeijing.Redpeppersandcoriandersareregularsinhergarden”可知，她喜歡種西紅柿、紅辣椒和香菜。故選D。4.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“ShehasharvestedsmalltomatoesthreetimesfromherbalconygardeninBeijing.Redpeppersandcoriandersareregularsinhergarden,andsheaddsthemtoherdisheswhencooking.”可知，她在北京的陽臺(tái)花園已經(jīng)收獲了三次小西紅柿。紅辣椒和香菜是她菜園里的?？?，她做菜的時(shí)候會(huì)把它們加到菜里。此處harvested表示“收獲”，與Collected意思相近，故選C。5.最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)全文可知，本文主要介紹了一種新的生活方式——陽臺(tái)園藝。故選D。三①InDecember2021,peopleinShenzhenfoundthatwaterranmoreslowlyfromtheirtaps.Thegovernment(政府)saidthecitywasfacingitsmostseriouswatershortageever.②SomeothercitiesinthesouthernpartofChina,likeChengduandGuangzhou,arealsobecoming“thirsty”,thePaperreported.Compared(相比)withnorthernareas,southernareashavemorerainandareclosetomoreriversandlakes.Sowhyaretheystillshortonwater?③InbigcitieslikeShenzhenandGuangzhou,populationsaregrowingfast.Asaresult,peopleandfactoriesneedmoreandmorewater.EachpersoninShenzhenhasaboutonly200cubicmetersofwatereachyear.It’s1/12ofthecountry’saverage(平均水平).AccordingtotheUnitedNations,itisan“absolute(絕對(duì)的)watershortage"whenthenumberisbelow500cubicmeters.④Climatechangeismakingthewaterproblemworse.Forexample,mostcitiesinGuangdongdependon(依賴于)theDongjiangRiverastheirmainsource(來源)ofwater.In2021,theriverwasreportedtobedryingup.Becauseofclimatechange,there’salsolesssnowinthemountainsofTibet.Thesnowhaslongbeenthesourceofwaterfor