七年級英語重點詞匯與語法練習七年級是英語學習打基礎的關鍵時期，詞匯的積累和語法的掌握如同建造大廈的基石，直接影響后續(xù)學習的深度與廣度。本文將梳理七年級階段需要重點關注的核心詞匯與語法點，并輔以針對性練習，幫助同學們鞏固所學，提升語言運用能力。一、重點詞匯積累與運用詞匯是語言的血肉。七年級的詞匯學習，不僅要認識單詞，更要理解其基本含義、常見搭配及在語境中的靈活運用。1.核心名詞(Nouns)*人物與職業(yè)：如teacher,student,doctor,nurse,parent,friend,classmate,boy,girl。**關注點*：區(qū)分可數(shù)名詞的單復數(shù)形式，如"child-children","man-men"。**例*：Mymotherisanurse.Sheworksinahospital.*學校與學習：如school,classroom,book,pen,pencil,bag,lesson,subject(math,English,history),homework。**例*：Wehavesixlessonseveryday.MyfavoritesubjectisEnglish.**例*：Thereisabigparknearmyhouse.*時間與日期：如year,month,week,day,hour,minute,Monday,January,today,tomorrow。**例*：TodayisMonday.MybirthdayisinJanuary.*動植物與自然：如cat,dog,bird,tree,flower,sun,moon,river。**例*：Ihaveapetcat.Itlikestoplayunderthetree.詞匯運用小技巧：*建立單詞本，記錄生詞、詞性、中英文釋義及簡單例句。*利用詞根詞綴法、聯(lián)想法等記憶單詞，而非死記硬背。*多閱讀簡單的英文故事或短文，在語境中復現(xiàn)和鞏固詞匯。2.常用動詞(Verbs)*be動詞：am,is,are(其過去式was,were也需初步了解)**例*：Iamhappy.Heisastudent.Theyareplaying.*情態(tài)動詞：can(能，會),may(可以，可能),must(必須)*實義動詞：*表示狀態(tài)：like,love,hate,know,think,want,need。**例*：Igotoschoolbybike.Shelikessinging.Wehavelunchattwelve.3.重要形容詞與副詞(Adjectives&Adverbs)*形容詞(修飾名詞)：big,small,tall,short,long,new,old,good,bad,happy,sad,angry,tired,busy,free,easy,difficult,beautiful,interesting。**例*：Thisisabigapple.Sheisahappygirl.*副詞(修飾動詞、形容詞或其他副詞)：fast,slowly,quickly,well,hard,very,too,so,often,usually,sometimes,always,never。**例*：Herunsfast.Shestudieshard.Ioftengothere.4.常用介詞與連詞(Prepositions&Conjunctions)*介詞：in,on,at,under,behind,beside,near,between,from,to,for,with,about,by。**例*：Thebookisonthedesk.Igetupatsix.Hegoestoschoolbybus.*連詞：and,but,or,so,because,then。**例*：Ilikeapplesandbananas.Heistired,buthestillworks.Istudyhard,soIgetgoodmarks.二、重點語法點解析與練習語法是語言的骨架，掌握語法規(guī)則能幫助我們更準確、規(guī)范地運用語言進行表達和理解。1.Be動詞的用法(am,is,are)*規(guī)則：I用am,you用are,is連著he,she,it。單數(shù)名詞用is，復數(shù)名詞全用are。*句型轉換：*否定句：在be動詞后加not(isnot=isn't,arenot=aren't,amnot無縮寫)。*一般疑問句：將be動詞提到句首，句末用問號。*練習：1.I______astudent.(am/is/are)2.They______happy.(am/is/are)3.Thecat______black.(am/is/are)4.She______notateacher.(am/is/are)5.______youfromChina?(Am/Is/Are)2.情態(tài)動詞can的用法*規(guī)則：can表示“能，會，可以”，后面跟動詞原形。沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。*句型轉換：*否定句：can+not=can't。*一般疑問句：Can+主語+動詞原形...?*練習：1.I______swim.(can/cans)2.He______notplaybasketball.(can/can't)3.______youspeakEnglish?(Can/Do)Yes,I______.(can/do)4.They______singsongs.(can/are)3.名詞的單復數(shù)與所有格*規(guī)則：*可數(shù)名詞有單復數(shù)之分，復數(shù)形式一般加-s，特殊變化需記憶(如：bus-buses,baby-babies,man-men,child-children)。*不可數(shù)名詞沒有復數(shù)形式(如：water,milk,rice,bread)。*名詞所有格：表示“……的”，單數(shù)名詞后加's(Tom'sbook)，以s結尾的復數(shù)名詞后加'(thestudents'classroom)。*練習：1.Therearetwo______onthedesk.(book/books)2.Ihavea______.ItsnameisMimi.(cat/cats)3.Thisis______pencil.(Lily/Lily's)4.Thesearethe______bags.(boys/boys')4.動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式(一般現(xiàn)在時)*規(guī)則：當主語是第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it或單個名詞)時，謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，一般在動詞后加-s或-es(如：like-likes,go-goes,watch-watches,do-does)。*練習：1.He______toschooleveryday.(go/goes)2.She______apples.(like/likes)3.Myfather______TVintheevening.(watch/watches)4.Thecat______fish.(eat/eats)5.一般現(xiàn)在時與一般過去時*一般現(xiàn)在時：*表示經(jīng)常性、習慣性的動作或狀態(tài)。*標志詞：often,usually,sometimes,always,everyday/week...*結構：主語+動詞原形/動詞三單...*一般過去時：*表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。*標志詞：yesterday,lastweek/month/year,...ago,justnow。*結構：主語+動詞過去式...(規(guī)則動詞加-ed，不規(guī)則動詞需記憶：go-went,eat-ate,see-saw,do-did,is/am-was,are-were)*練習：用括號內動詞的適當形式填空。1.Iusually______upatsix.(get)ButyesterdayI______upatseven.(get)2.Sheoften______tomusic.(listen)She______tomusiclastnight.(listen)3.They______basketballeverySunday.(play)They______basketballyesterday.(play)6.人稱代詞與物主代詞*人稱代詞：主格(I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they)作主語；賓格(me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them)作賓語。*物主代詞：形容詞性物主代詞(my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their)后接名詞；名詞性物主代詞(mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs)相當于“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”。*練習：1.______amastudent.Thisis______bag.(I/my)2.______isagirl.______nameisLucy.(She/Her)3.Thebookis______.(he/his)4.Welove______school.(we/our)7.常用介詞的辨析*in/on/at(時間)：in用于年、月、季節(jié)、泛指上午/下午/晚上；on用于具體某一天或某一天的上午/下午/晚上；at用于具體時刻、點鐘。*in/on/under/behind(方位)：in在……里面；on在……上面；under在……下面；behind在……后面。*練習：用適當?shù)慕樵~填空。1.WehaveEnglishclass______Mondaymorning.2.Mybirthdayis______May.3.Hegetsup______6:30a.m.4.Theballis______thechair.三、綜合練習(一)詞匯選擇填空從括號中選擇合適的單詞填空。1.Mymotherisagood______.(teach/teacher)2.Thisstoryisvery______.(interest/interesting)3.Heruns______thanme.(fast/faster)4.Ihavetwo______.(pen/pens)5.______isyourfavoritecolor?(What/How)(二)語法填空用所給單詞的適當形式填空或填入適當?shù)脑~。1.Tom______(be)12yearsold.He______(like)playingfootball.2.______(be)thereanybooksonthedesk?Yes,there______.3.She______(go)totheparkyesterday.4.Mybrothercan______(swim)verywell.5.Thisisnot______(I)book.It's______(she).(三)句型轉換按要求改寫句子。1.Heisadoctor.(改為否定句)He____________adoctor.2.TheycanspeakChinese.(改為一般疑問句)______they______Chinese?3.Igetupatseveneverymorning.(用yesterday改寫)I____________atseven______.4.Thecatisonthemat.(對劃線部分提問)____________thecat?四、總結與學習建議七年級的英語學習，貴在堅持與積累。詞匯的記憶要結合語境和例句，切忌孤立背誦；語法的學習則要在理解規(guī)則的基礎上，通過大量練習來內化和運用，避免死摳語法條文。建議同學們：1.每日積累：每天堅持背誦一定量的單詞和短語，并嘗試造句。2.勤于練習：完成課后練習和配套習題，及時鞏固所學語法點。3.多讀多聽：閱讀簡單的英文繪本、故事，聆聽英文歌曲、對話，培養(yǎng)語感。4.大膽開口：積極參與課堂互動和口語練習，不要怕犯錯。希望這份重點詞匯與語法練習能成為同學們學習路上的得力助手。只要持之以恒，打下堅實