中考專練：初中閱讀理解專項(xiàng)測試--說明文類washyourhands,fill.Youmayhaveacoldwhenyoutouchyoureyes,noseormouth.Oneofthemostcommon(普通的)wayshavecoldsisbytouchingtheirnosesortheireyeswhentherearwashyourhands,especially1.Ifyoudon'toftencleanyA.haveastomachacheB2.IftherearecoldvirusesA.eyesandnoseB.hairC.A.havecoldsB.touchlotsofvirusesC.gethurtA.AfterusingthebathroomC.WhenhandsaredirtyA.usecoldwaterB.washforfifteentimesC.usParentsusuallydon'tlettheirchildrencook.TheythinkitInsomecookingactivities,chilinadish.That'sagreatwbycookingthemselves.TheycanalsolearntoeatheCookingteacheschildrentofWhenhelpingcookinthekitchenhowfoodchangesbytemperature.Soit'sgooCookingteacheschildA.Parents.B.Teachers.C.Doctors.D.ScieA.thechildrenB.theA.HowtomakechildrencC.HowtocookwellPeopleindifferentcountrieshavedifferentpublicplaces.Japaneseread40booksonaverageeveryyear,whiletogether.AmericanswatcWhenyouvisitEngland,youistheircommonhobby.AnddifferentscarvessPeopleinFrance(法國)likemusic.Whentheyhavetime,someA.sleepB.readC.talk12.TheAmericanfamilyprefertostayaA.cleanthehouseB.readnewspapersC.watchTA.Theywearscarvestosupport(支持)thesoccerteamA.differenteatinghabitsB.people'shobbiesC.people'sfavoriteManychildrenusetheInsomeofthemarenotusingitMakerulesforInternetusewithyourparents.Forexample,theruleisabouthowlongyowhatactivitiesyoucandoonline,Don’tgiveyourpasIfit'snecessarytogiveoutacreditcard(信用卡)number,youmustaskpermission(允許)fromyourparents.Neversendaphotoofyourselftosomeonebye-mailifyourparentsdon'tsayit'sOK.NeveragreetomeetsomeoneyoumetontheInIfsomethingyouseeorreadonlinemakesyouunhappy,leavethewebsaway.NeverusebadlanguagewhA.sendtheirphotostohimB.A.givepasswordtoothers24.What'sthemainideaofthepaA.Ontheirbirthdays,pebecamehometothefirstplanttogrowonanotherwortouchdownonthefarsideofthemoon.ThisistheunknownfaceofthemooPartofChang'e4'smission(使命)istoseehowamoonbasecouldbebuiltforhumans,includingexploring(探索)whetherhgravity(theforcethatkeewasuponthemoon?FourdaysafterlandinNighthasnowfallenonthefarsideofthemoon;sunlightwillnotreturnuntilthestartofFebruary.Asaresultnight).However,theexperimentisasuccess,sinceithA.anothersuccessforChang'e4BC.tinyseedsinthesoilA.Itcarriedamini-garden.C.Itexploredthemoonbase.A.Plantscanbegrownonthemoonsoon.B.It28.InwhichsectionofaC.Scienceandtechnology.笛)goingby.Soundsareeverywhere.AndyouhavetwocooYourearscollectsoundsandprocess(處理)them.Yourearssendsoundsignals(信號(hào))toyourbrain.Butthat'snotall.Yourearsalsohelpyoukeepyourbalance(平衡).together,soyoucanhearandproceA.Yourcat.B.ThesouA.Eyes.B.Ears.C.Hands.A.collectingsoundsB.prowaterandelectricity(電).TherearesomeIt'simportantforeachofyoutostaycalm.Ifyouareindoors,quibookshelves,heavyfuplayground.Moveawayfrombuildings,bridgesandtrees.Ifyouaredriving,stopthecarassoostayingawayfrombridgesandtallbuilsafe.Checkaroundyouandhelpthepeopleintrouble.IfyourbuildingisbadlybrokA.110.B.120.C.122.D.119.A.Hidebehindthefridge.C.Jumpoutofthewindow.D.Lockthedooroftheroom.A.芳香B.油煙C.煤氣D.臭味A.Waitandleavewhenitissafe.BC.Waitforhelpifyousmellthegas.D.LeA.Whatanearthquakeislike.B.HoC.Whattodotopreventanearthquake.病的)inhospital,buthewasn'tgettingwell.Thenhefoundanebooks.Hehelpedothers.Andsomhumans'orders,becausetherobots’mindandshethinksonedayrobotswillbecomemorepowerful(強(qiáng)大的)thanhumansanddreamdoesn'tcometrue.HumansworkhardtocontA.2025B.2030C.203543.Theunderlinedword"themA.robotsB.mobilephonesC.designersD.scientistsA.scientist;professorB.bankclerk;policeofficerC.policeman;doctorD.policeofficer;A.robotscan'tgetonwellwithhumansC.robotswillhavetheirownthoughts46.WhichofthefollowingiC.Afewrobotswanttogetoutofhcity.Ittakesusaboutthreehours.Afterwegetoffthetrain,wetakethebustoatowhour.Afterwegettothetown,werid47.HowfarisitfromWangHong'shometohergrandparenA.400kilometres.B.500kilometres.C.300kilometres.D.200kilometres.48.WheredoWangHong'sgrandparents49.HowdoesWangHonggettograndparentA.bus→train→bike→busB.bike→bus→train→bikeC.bus→train→bus→bikeA.Helikestocook.C.Helikestoswim.51.HowdoesWangHongfeelathergraA.Happy.B.Tired.C.Angry.Lifeisfulloflaughterandtears.Peoplearoundtheworldlovetolaugh.However,whatdoyouth▲Babiesstartlaugh52.Whichofthefollowingcanreplace(代替)theunderlinedA.Gift.B.Exercise.C.Talent.D.Medicine.53.WhatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytellA.Thereasonswhypeoplelaugh.B.Thewayspeoplelaugh.C.Themeaningsofdifferentlaughs.D.The54.WhichofthefollowingcanbeputintotheblanA.Peopleareborntoknowhowtolaugh.B.OnlypeopleC.Peopleandanimalslaughin55.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Scientistsknowthereasonswhypeoplelaughsurely.B.YoucanmakeyourselfnotC.Animalscan'tlaughasmostofthepeopledo.D.Whenyourbodywantstolaugh,itwillfollowwha56.Wheredoyouprobablyreadthispassage?balance(平衡)betweenworkandplayisalifelongmatter.Areyoufeelingtiredandboredwhenshouldyoudoifyou'renotinterestedChangeyourthoughts.Ifyoulackapassion(缺乏熱情)forstudy,justthinkaboutyouruture.Onlygoodgradescangiveandcollege.NomatterhoWorkhardtoachieveyourdrwanttoachieve.Winningagame,passingatest,doingsomethingdifficul...ThesexperiencesbecauseofthetimeyouspentandtheeffortyoumadFindyourfavouritesubjects.Discoveryourinterests57.StudyingisusuallynotataskaccordingtotA.hardB.happy58.WecanknowisalifeA.doingthingsforfunC.balancingworkandplayD.feelingtiredandA.similarthoughtsB.goodgradesC.serioWhenweareinthewild,wefindthatwawater.Forexample,ifthereisfireandenouCanyouthinkofawayofcleaningdirtywaterbyus3.Coverthebasinwiththeplasticpaper.Useastringtosealo(水蒸汽).…A.dirtywaterB.saltywaterC.purewaterD.sweetwaterA.Inthebasin.B.Intheglass.A.Musicclass.B.Mathclass.CYou'rereallybusyatwork,butyourco-workerneedsyourhelp.Whenyou'rebusyandcan'tattanythingelse,justsaying“Goaway.”isdefinitelynotright.Instead,keepeveryonehappybyusingthesentence“Couldyougivemefiveminutes?”.Tellingsomeoneto"Moveoutoftheway."isveryrude.Thenexttimesomeone"Excuseme."willgettheresultyouwantwithoutcausingtrThenexttimeyouhavetorefuseaninvitation,you'dbettersay"I’mafraidIcan't.”It'softenconsideredrudetorequSomeoneisdoingsomethingyoudon'tlike,desiredresult,ratherthanshouting“Stoptalkingonyourphoneinthecinema!”,askhim“Wouldyoumindnotusingyourphoneinthecinema,please?”.C.ThechangesofChineserailway.D.ThemiraclesAsteenagers,youhavemanydreams.Thesedrebesmall.Youmayjustwanttobecomeoneofthetenbeststudentsinyourclass.Onceyoufindadream,whatdoyoudowithit?DoyoutrytbyAustralianwriterAndrewMathewstellsusthatmakingourdreamscometrueislife'swriter.Thesekindsofthoughtsstopyoudreamcometrue.ThefirstthingyoumustdoistorememDon'tletitleaveyourheart.KeeptellingyourseYoumustalsonevergiveupyourdream.Therewillbedifficultiesontheroadtoyourdreams.Bdifficultycomesfromyourself.Youneedtodecidewillbringyoubetterexamresults,whilesavingfiveyuaninsteadofbuyingaC.thenameofabookbyAndrewMatthewsD.thenameofafamousAust22._isoneofthesekindsofthoughtss23.IfyouwanttomakeyourdreamcomA.rememberwhatyourdreamisasthefirstthingB.keeptC.neverbeafraidofthebigdifficulties24.WhatshouldNOTyoudotomakeyour25.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?C.Makeyourdreamcometrue.D.Teenagershavyourself.☆Smile!Befriendlytopeopleyoumeet.Lforit!Newchallengesarefunandgiveyouasenseofac☆Readandstartadiary.TurnofftheTVandletyourimaanythingyouwant!Writingalwayshelpstoexpressyourfeelings.A.feeluniqueB.bepunishedC.feelnice27.WhatdotheunderlinedworA.成就感B.憂傷感C.挫折感A.Stayoutalone.C.Trytowritedownanythingyouwant.D.LA.DoYourBestB.SixWaystoFeelGoodaboutYourselfyouknowwhytheyaresopoDumplingswithdifferentfoodsinpeople'slifehappyandsweetinthefuture.Peanut(花生)dumplingswouldbringpeoplealongandhealthylife.Anyway,peopleatedumplingswiththeirbestwishes.OnSpringFestivalEve,everyfamilymakesdumplingsreadyearly.WA.Peanuts.B.Knives.A.Inthemorning.B.Atmidnight.C.Intheevening.A.NotallChinesepeopB.EatingdumplingsisawaC.PeoplewillhavebadluckifA.WhentoeatdumplingsB.HowtomakC.WhydumplingsarepopularD.DifferentshapesofdumplThelowestwagefor16~17-year-oldteenagerapuborbar,butyoucanworkinmanyotherplaces.Bylaw,youcan'twoWhatjobsareoutthObviouslyyourchoicesarelimited(限制)bythefactthatyfruitpicking.Itcanbeprettyhardwork,butitpaysreallywell.matterhowmuchyouarepaid,youaredoingwhatyA.canworkanywheretheywantA.21dollars.A.16B.15C.14A.notrightforchildrenB.tiringbutpC.betterthanotherjobsD.moreinterestingtogirlsB.TeenagerscanchoosetheirjobsaccotravelinonedaytoplaceswhichtookamonthormoTravellingbytrainisslowerthanbyaModerntrainshavecomfortableseatsanddiningcars.TheymakeeSomepeopleprefertotravelbyseawhenitispossvisitmanyothercountriesanddifferentplaces.Travellingbymilesoronlyfiftymilesaday,justasbycarisbelovedforpleasuretr55.WhatistheadvantageoftraveA.It'squieter.B.It'scheaper.C.Stopatanyplace.D.It'sagoodchoiceoftravellinA.Popular.B.Impossible.C.Terrible59.WhatcanbethebesttitleofthiA.ModernLifeC.FutureTransportationD.AdvantagesofTravelling4.“"isnottheriA.AfterusingthebathroomB.BeforehC.WhenhandsaredirtyA.usecoldwaterB.washforfifteen【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.D5.D【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述如果不經(jīng)常洗手，可能會(huì)從許多地方接觸很多病毒，使自己生病。該文主要介紹了洗手的時(shí)間及正確的方法。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文開頭“Ifyoudon'toftenwashyourhands,youcantouchlotsofviruses(病毒)frommanyplacesandmakeyourselfill.Youmayhaveacoldwhenyoutouchyoureyes,noseormouth.”可知如果你不經(jīng)常洗手，你有可能感冒。故選B。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二句“Youmayhaveacoldwhenyoutouchyoureyes,noseormouth”可知當(dāng)你觸摸你的眼睛，鼻子或嘴巴時(shí)你可能會(huì)感冒。故選A。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ifyoudon'toftenwashyourhands,especially(特別)whenyou'resick,youmaymakeotherpeopleill.”可知生病的時(shí)候不經(jīng)常洗手會(huì)讓其他人生病。故選D。4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Aftervisitingthesickpeople”可知拜訪生病的人后要洗手，不是在拜訪前。故選D。5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Washwellunderwarmrunningwater:.”可知洗手的正確的方法是用流動(dòng)的溫水洗。故選D。Parentsusuallydon'tlettheirchildrencook.TheythinkWhenhelpingcookinthekitchen,childrencantouchsomedifferentingredients(食材)andthCookingteacheschildA.Parents.B.Teachers.C.Doctors.8.Theunderlinedword"themA.thechildrenB.theteachersC.thesciA.HowtomakechildrencookC.Howtocookwell【答案】6.A7.C8.A9.C10.B6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Parentsusuallydon’tlettheirchildrencook.Theythinki可知，父母通常不讓孩子做飯。他們認(rèn)為孩子們做這件事很危險(xiǎn)。故選A。7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Soit'sgoodforthemtogetlif故選C。8.代詞指代題。根據(jù)“Insomecookingactivities,childrencanchooseanddecidewhatthingsthowmuchsalttoputinadish.That'sagreatwaytomakethemthinkactively.”可知，在一些可以選擇和決定在一道菜中放什么東西或在一道菜中放多少鹽。這是讓他們積極思考的好方法。此處them指的是孩子們，故選A。9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whencookingdifferentkindsoffoods,childrencanchildrencanlearnsometraditionaleatingculturesbycooking.”可知，烹飪教會(huì)孩子們文化，孩子們可以通過烹飪學(xué)習(xí)一些傳統(tǒng)的飲食文化。故選C。10.最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了學(xué)習(xí)烹飪對孩子們的好處，選項(xiàng)B“孩子們?yōu)槭裁匆獙W(xué)習(xí)烹飪”符合標(biāo)題要求。故選B。paneselikereading.Wecanseethemreadeverywhere,rAmericanpeople'shobbyiswatctogether.AmericanswatchTVatleastonehoureachday.AndaboutWhenyouvisitEngland,youmayseemanypeoplewearingscarves(圍巾)withdifferentcolorsandpatternsPeopleinFrance(法國)likemusic.Whentheyhavetime,somewillstayathometolistentomusic.SomeA.sleepB.readC.talkA.cleanthehouseB.readnewspapersA.Theywearscarvestosupport(支持)thesoccerteamtheylike.B.Wearingscarveswillmakethemlookmorebeautiful.C.Peoplecan'ttakeaD.Theywearthemtokeepwarm.NeveragreetomeetsomeoneyoumetontheInIfsomethingyouseeorreadonlinemakesyouunhappy,leavethewebsiaway.NeverusebadlanguagewhA.sendtheirphotostohimB.makerulesforA.givepasswordtoothersA.Usebadlanguage.B.Sendmessagesande-mC.Useourcreditcard.19.Ifyourparentsdon'tagree,neverA.readanythingontheInternetA.HowtoUsetheInternetB.SeC.InformationontheInternet【答案】16.B17.B18.A19.C16.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Herearesomerulestoma制定互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使用規(guī)則，故選B。17.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ManychildrenusetheInternettogtheirfreetime.”可知，許多孩子使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)獲取有用的知識(shí)和信息，這是好的，故選B。18.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Neverusebadlanguagewhenyoutalkwithsomeoneonline”可知，在網(wǎng)上和別人聊天時(shí)，永遠(yuǎn)不要說臟話，故選A。19.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"NeveragreetomeetsomeoneyoumetontheInternetwithouty些安全上網(wǎng)的規(guī)則，故選D。countriescelebratetheirbirthdaysindifferentwaPhilipEvans,fromParis,sixtiethbirthday.“”Mrs.Satosays.“WhatamIgbirthday,sowe'regoingtohav21.InParis,someoneoftenonhisorherbirA.invitesfriendsoutfordinnerC.hasabirthdaypartyA.ParisB.JapanC.ChinaD.AustraliaA.陰謀B.鬧劇C.猜想D.秘密24.What'sthemainideaofthepaA.Ontheirbirthdays,pe【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了不同國家慶祝生日的不同方式。21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“PhilipEvans,fromParis,smilesatus,'I’mgoingtobethirtyyearsoldnextweek,soI’mout.”可知，在法國，當(dāng)生日的時(shí)候，經(jīng)常邀請別人出去吃飯。故選A。22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InJapan,thesixtiethbirthdayiscalledKanreki—thebeginningofanewlife.”可知，在日本，六十歲生日被稱為Kanreki——新生活的開始。故選B。23.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容“Ican'tsay.”可知，Mrs.Sato不想告訴別人她給丈夫準(zhǔn)備了什么禮物，所以說這是個(gè)秘密，故選D。24.主旨大意題，根據(jù)短文第一段中的“Peopleindifferentcountriescelebratetheirbirthdayindifferentways.”可知，文章主要講的是不同的國家有不同的慶祝生日的方式，短文后面幾段都是圍繞這個(gè)話題展開的，選Fromtinyseeds(種子),greatthingsgrow.ThisisyetanothersuccessforChang’e4.OnJanuary3,2019,thtouchdownonthefarsidPartofChang'e4'smission(使命)istoseehowamoonbasecouldbebuiltforhumans,includingexploring(探索)whetherhumanscouldgrowcropsandotherplantsthere.Chang'e4cawaterandsoilwithseedsplantgravity(theforcethatkeepsyourfeetontheground),andsotheyalwaysNighthasnowfallenonthefarsideofthemoon;sunlightwillthecottonshootsdied.BesidesA.anothersuccessforChang'e4B.Chang'e4C.tinyseedsinthesoilthat'snotall.Yourearsalsohelpyoukeepyourbalance(平衡).together,soyoucanhearandproceA.Yourcat.B.Thesound.A.Eyes.B.Ears.C.Hands.A.collectingsoundsB.proC.makingsounds【答案】29.B30.B31.C29.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)前句“30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Andyouhavetwocoolpartsonyourbody.Theyletyouhearth31.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Yourearscollectsoundsandprocess(處理)them.Yourearssendsoundsignals(信yourbrain.Butthat'snotall.”可知，耳朵可以收集并處理聲音，還可以向大腦發(fā)送聲音信號(hào)，沒有提到耳朵能制造聲音，故選C。waterandelectricity(電).TherearesomeusefulIt'simportantforeachofyoutostaycalm.Ifyouareindoors,quicklymsafely,turnoffthegas.”可知，問到的應(yīng)是一種氣體，后句介紹了關(guān)閉gas,因此此處是煤氣。故選C。35.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tfyousmellthegas,geteveryone氣，應(yīng)當(dāng)立即出去，而不是等待。故選C。36.主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了在地震前期、中期。后期，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)做什么來保護(hù)自己。故選D。病的)inhospital,buthewasn'tgettingwell.Thenhefounbooks.Hehelpedothers.Andsomethiafterhalfayear.Hecouldhaveastoryinhisbook.Hesaidlaughingwasveryusefulanditwasthebest“medicine”themanbeganto"picture"hispain.Inhismind,hedrewapictureofadog.Heimagined(想象)hiway.Socallonthe“doctor”insideyourmindandkeephappyifyouareill.IbelieveyouwilA.Hefelldownfromabike.A.a,b,cB.b,c,dC.a,c,eDB.Thefeeling(感覺)thatyouhavewhenyoufeelterrible.D.Thefeelingofbeinghappy40.InSimonBeck'srobotshavetheirownthoughtsandthey'retryingtogetoutofhumans'control(控制!Ofcoursetheserobots'dreamdoesn'tcometrue.HumansworkhardtocontrolA.2025B.2030C.203543.Theunderlinedword"them"refertoA.robotsB.mobilephonesC.designersD.scientistsA.scientist;professorB.bankclerk;policeofficerC.policeman;doctorD.policeA.robotscan'tgetonwellwithhumansC.robotswillhavetheirownthoughts46.WhichofthefollowingiC.Afewrobotswanttogetoutofh【答案】42.C43.A44.D45.B46.B【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了電影《我，機(jī)器人》的故事情42.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theyearis2035...”可知，故事發(fā)生在2035年。故選C。43.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Theyearis2035androbotsarejustascommonasmobilephones.Peopledependon(依指的是機(jī)器人。故選A。45.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“shethinksonedayrobotswillbecomemorepowerful(強(qiáng)大的)thanhumansandhelp46.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Peopledependon(依靠)themtodolotsofthings”可知，人們依靠機(jī)器人做很多事情，You'rereallybusyatwork,butyourco-workerneedsyourhelp.Whenyou'rebusyandcan'tattanythingelse,justsaying“Goaway.”isdefinitelynotright.Instead,keepeveryonehappybyusingthesentence“Couldyougivemefiveminutes?”.Tellingsomeoneto"Moveoutoftheway."isveryrude.Thenexttimesomeone"Excuseme."willgettheresultyouwantwithoutcausingtrIt'softenconsideredrudetSomeoneisdoingsomethingyoudon'tlike,desiredresult,ratherthanshouting“Stoptalkingonyourphoneinthecinema!”“Wouldyoumindnotusingyourphoneinthecinema,please?”.A.howtoexpressyourselfmorepolitelyB.howC.howtodealwithourproblems65.WhichisthepoliteexpreA.Stopit!B.Goaway!A.WouldyoumindnotparkA.Givemeacupofcoffee.B.IwantacupofcoffC.Coffee,waiter!D.I'dlike68.WhichisthebesttitleforthepaA.Speakloudlyandclearly【答案】64.A