專題16閱讀理解新聞報(bào)道及其它

十年考情（2015-2024）

考點(diǎn)命題趨勢(shì)

主題內(nèi)容考點(diǎn)分布

-2025新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷（舊金山灣細(xì)節(jié)理解題1.題材聚焦社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)與文化

區(qū)捷運(yùn)系統(tǒng)的短篇故事售貨亭（10年36考）現(xiàn)象：涵蓋科技發(fā)展（如AI

項(xiàng)目）主要涉及事件時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、辯論、自動(dòng)駕駛）、社會(huì)公益

-2025新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷（《AIby措施、數(shù)據(jù)等具體信息的查找與（如捐贈(zèng)活動(dòng)、交通服務(wù)創(chuàng)

Design》一書的書評(píng)）篩選。如2024年新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷新）、文化藝術(shù)（如爵士樂(lè)、

-2024新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷（舊金山中舊金山捷運(yùn)短篇故事售貨亭書籍評(píng)論）等，貼近時(shí)代發(fā)展

BART的短篇故事服務(wù)）的使用規(guī)則；2023年全國(guó)甲卷與生活實(shí)際。

-2024新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷（關(guān)于AI中《TheSocratesExpress》一書2.體裁以新聞報(bào)道和書評(píng)為

書籍的介紹）的內(nèi)容特點(diǎn)。主：新聞報(bào)道注重時(shí)效性和客

-2023全國(guó)甲卷（《TheSocrates推理判斷題觀性，多包含事件背景、過(guò)程

Express》的書評(píng)）（10年20考）及影響；書評(píng)則側(cè)重書籍內(nèi)容

-2023浙江1月卷（AI辯論要求考生根據(jù)文中信息進(jìn)行合介紹與觀點(diǎn)評(píng)析，考查對(duì)文本

程序ProjectDebater的報(bào)道）理推斷，不能直接從原文找到答主旨和作者態(tài)度的把握。

新聞報(bào)

-2022全國(guó)乙卷（《Nothing案。比如2023年浙江1月卷3.考查重點(diǎn)偏向細(xì)節(jié)與主

道及其

Daunted》的書評(píng)）中從AI辯論程序的缺陷推斷旨：細(xì)節(jié)理解題聚焦事件時(shí)

它

-2020新課標(biāo)Ⅲ（電影《猩球其與人類思維的差異；2022年間、地點(diǎn)、人物、措施等具體

（10年

崛起》的動(dòng)物保護(hù)相關(guān)報(bào)道）全國(guó)乙卷中從書籍情節(jié)推斷作信息；主旨大意題要求概括報(bào)

15篇）

-2020新課標(biāo)Ⅲ（英國(guó)多代同者對(duì)西部生活的態(tài)度等。道或評(píng)論的核心內(nèi)容，同時(shí)兼

堂家庭增多的現(xiàn)象報(bào)道）主旨大意題顧推理判斷（如作者意圖、事

-2020新高考Ⅰ卷（《Chasing（10年12考）件影響）。

theSea》的書評(píng)）主要考查考生對(duì)文章整體內(nèi)容4.語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格客觀簡(jiǎn)潔：新聞

-2020新高考Ⅱ卷（《To的把握，理解文章的主旨或目報(bào)道用詞準(zhǔn)確、邏輯清晰，多

ForgiveDesign》的書評(píng)）的。例如2024年新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷使用直接引語(yǔ)增強(qiáng)真實(shí)性；書

-2019浙江卷6月（洛杉磯聯(lián)中概括AI書籍書評(píng)的核心觀評(píng)語(yǔ)言則兼具客觀性與主觀

合車站的無(wú)附加條件金錢捐贈(zèng)點(diǎn)；2020年新課標(biāo)Ⅲ卷中歸納性，常包含對(duì)作品的評(píng)價(jià)性表

活動(dòng)報(bào)道）多代同堂家庭報(bào)道的主題等。達(dá)。

-2018全國(guó)Ⅲ卷（中國(guó)建筑詞義猜測(cè)題5.融入跨文化與社會(huì)關(guān)懷：

師王澍獲普利茲克獎(jiǎng)的報(bào)道）（10年8考）涉及不同國(guó)家的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象（如

考查對(duì)文中特定詞語(yǔ)、短語(yǔ)含義英美家庭模式、德國(guó)法規(guī)制

-2017新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷（國(guó)際爵士的推測(cè)，需結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境。如定），引導(dǎo)考生關(guān)注全球議題，

日及爵士樂(lè)發(fā)展的報(bào)道）2024年新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷中“shine培養(yǎng)社會(huì)責(zé)任感與跨文化理

-2017天津卷（德國(guó)自主駕駛through”的含義；2023年浙江解能力。

車輛法規(guī)提案的報(bào)道）1月卷中“wrinkles”的指代等。

新聞報(bào)道及其它

2024年

Passage1

【2024新課標(biāo)ⅠⅠ卷】Doyouevergettothetrainstationandrealizeyouforgottobringsomethingtoread?

Yes,weallhaveourphones,butmanyofusstillliketogooldschoolandreadsomethingprinted.

Well,there’sakiosk(小亭)forthat.IntheSanFranciscoBayArea,atleast.

“Youenterthefaregates(檢票口)andyou’llseeakioskthatislitupandittellsyoucangetaone-minute,a

three-minute,orafive-minutestory,”saysAliciaTrost,thechiefcommunicationsofficerfortheSanFranciscoBay

AreaRapidTransit—knownasBART.“Youchoosewhichlengthyouwantanditgivesyouareceipt-likeshort

story.”

It’sthatsimple.Ridershaveprintednearly20,000shortstoriesandpoemssincetheprogramwaslaunched

lastMarch.Someareclassicshortstories,andsomeareneworiginalworks.

Trostalsowantstointroducelocalwriterstolocalriders.“Wewantedtodosomethingwherewedoacallto

artistsintheBayAreatosubmitstoriesforacontest,”Trostsays.“Andasofrightnow,we’vereceivedabout120

submissions.Thewinningstorieswouldgointoourkioskandthenyouwouldbeapublishedartist.”

Ridershipontransit(交通)systemsacrossthecountryhasbeendownthepasthalfcentury,socouldshort

storiessavetransit?

Trostthinksso.

“Attheendofthedayalltransitagenciesrightnowaredoingeverythingtheycantoimprovetherider

experience.SoIabsolutelythinkwewillgetmoreridersjustbecauseofshortstories,”shesays.

Andyou’llneverbewithoutsomethingtoread.

4.WhydidBARTstartthekioskprogram?

A.Topromotethelocalculture.B.Todiscouragephoneuse.

C.Tomeetpassengers’needs.D.Toreduceitsrunningcosts.

5.Howarethestoriescategorizedinthekiosk?

A.Bypopularity.B.Bylength.

C.Bytheme.D.Bylanguage.

6.WhathasTrostbeendoingrecently?

A.Organizingastorycontest.B.Doingasurveyofcustomers.

C.Choosingaprintpublisher.D.Conductinginterviewswithartists.

7.WhatisTrost’sopinionaboutBART’sfuture?

A.Itwillclosedown.B.Itsprofitswilldecline.

C.Itwillexpandnationwide.D.Itsridershipwillincrease.

Passage2

【2024新課標(biāo)ⅠⅠ卷】GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives,weallneedtotakeactionto

dealwithourAI-poweredfuture,andthisiswhereAIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligence

comesin.ThisabsorbingnewbookbyCatrionaCampbellisapracticalroadmapaddressingthechallengesposed

bytheforthcomingAIrevolution(變革).

Inthewronghands,suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputercode(代碼)that

powersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades’professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyinto

theunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic,makingfor

aguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartas

AI.

AswesooncometolearnfromAIbyDesign,AIisalreadysuper-smartandwillbecomemorecapable,

movingfromthecurrentgenerationof“narrow-AI”toArtificialGeneralIntelligence.Fromthere,Campbellsays,

willcomeArtificialDominantIntelligence.ThisiswhyCampbellhassetouttoraiseawarenessofAIanditsfuture

now-severaldecadesbeforethesedevelopmentsareexpectedtotakeplace.Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeep

controlofartificialintelligence,orriskbeingsidelinedandperhapsevenworse.

Campbell’spointistowakeupthoseresponsibleforAI-thetechnologycompaniesandworldleaders-sothey

areonthesamepageasalltheexpertscurrentlydevelopingit.Sheexplainsweareata“tippingpoint”inhistory

andmustactnowtopreventanextinction-leveleventforhumanity.Weneedtoconsiderhowwewantourfuture

withAltopanout.Suchstructuredthinking,followedbyglobalregulation,willenableustoachievegreatness

ratherthanourdownfall.

AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,thisisit.

12.Whatdoesthephrase“Inthewronghands”inparagraph2probablymean?

A.Ifreadbysomeonepoorlyeducated.B.Ifreviewedbysomeoneill-intentioned.

C.Ifwrittenbysomeonelesscompetent.D.Iftranslatedbysomeoneunacademic.

13.WhatisafeatureofAIbyDesignaccordingtothetext?

A.Itispackedwithcomplexcodes.B.Itadoptsadown-to-earthwritingstyle.

C.Itprovidesstep-by-stepinstructions.D.ItisintendedforAIprofessionals.

14.WhatdoesCampbellurgepeopletodoregardingAIdevelopment?

A.Observeexistingregulationsonit.

B.Reconsiderexpertopinionsaboutit.

C.Makejointeffortstokeepitundercontrol.

D.Learnfrompriorexperiencetoslowitdown.

15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.TorecommendabookonAI.B.TogiveabriefaccountofAIhistory.

C.ToclarifythedefinitionofAI.D.TohonoranoutstandingAIexpert.

2023年閱讀理解新聞報(bào)道

Passage1

【2023年全國(guó)甲卷】Iwasabout13whenanunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaarder’sSophie’sWorld.It

wasfullofideasthatwerenewtome,soIspentthesummerwithmyheadinandoutofthatbook.Itspoketome

andbroughtmeintoaworldofphilosophy(哲學(xué)).

ThatloveforphilosophylasteduntilIgottocollege.Nothingkillstheloveforphilosophyfasterthanpeople

whothinktheyunderstandFoucault,Baudrillard,orConfuciusbetterthanyou—andthentrytoexplainthem.

EricWeiner’sTheSocratesExpress:InSearchofLifeLessonsfromDeadPhilosophersreawakenedmylove

forphilosophy.Itisnotanexplanation,butaninvitationtothinkandexperiencephilosophy.

Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframeseachphilosopher’swork

inthecontext(背景)ofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.Theendresultisareadinwhichwelearntowonder

likeSocrates,seelikeThoreau,listenlikeSchopenhauer,andhavenoregretslikeNietzsche.This,morethana

bookaboutunderstandingphilosophy,isabookabourlearningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.

Hemakesphilosophicalthoughtanappealingexercisethatimprovesthequalityofourexperiences,andhe

doessowithplentyofhumor.Weinerentersintoconversationwithsomeofthemostimportantphilosophersin

history,andhebecomespartofthatcrowdintheprocessbydecoding(解讀)theirmessagesandaddinghisown

interpretation.

TheSocratesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgraduallypulls

themindeeperthoughtsondesire,loneliness,andaging.Theinvitationisclear:Weinerwantsyoutopickupa

coffeeorteaandsitdownwiththisbook.Iencourageyoutotakehisoffer.It’sworthyourtime,eveniftimeis

somethingwedon’thavealotof.

28.Whoopenedthedoortophilosophyfortheauthor?

A.Foucault.B.EricWeiner.

C.JosteinGaarder.D.Acollegeteacher.

29.Whydoestheauthorlistgreatphilosophersinparagraph4?

A.TocompareWeinerwiththem.

B.Togiveexamplesofgreatworks.

C.Topraisetheirwritingskills.

D.TohelpreadersunderstandWeiner’sbook.

30.WhatdoestheauthorlikeaboutTheSocratesExpress?

A.Itsviewsonhistoryarewell-presented.

B.Itsideascanbeappliedtodailylife.

C.Itincludescommentsfromreaders.

D.Itleavesanopenending.

31.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofWeiner’sbook?

A.Objectiveandplain.

B.Daringandambitious.

C.Seriousandhardtofollow.

D.Humorousandstraightforward.

D.Humorousandstraightforward.

Passage2

【2023年浙江1月卷】Amachinecannownotonlybeatyouatchess,itcanalsooutperformyouindebate.

Lastweek,inapublicdebateinSanFrancisco,asoftwareprogramcalledProjectDebaterbeatitshuman

opponents,includingNoaOvadia,Israel’sformernationaldebatingchampion.

Brilliantthoughitis,ProjectDebaterhassomeweaknesses.Ittakessentencesfromitslibraryofdocuments

andprebuiltargumentsandstringsthemtogether.Thiscanleadtothekindsoferrorsnohumanwouldmake.Such

wrinkleswillnodoubtbeironedout,yettheyalsopointtoafundamentalproblem.AsKristianHammond,

professorofelectricalengineeringandcomputerscienceatNorthwesternUniversity,putit:“There’sneverastage

atwhichthesystemknowswhatit’stalkingabout.”

WhatHammondisreferringtoisthequestionofmeaning,andmeaningiscentraltowhatdistinguishesthe

leastintelligentofhumansfromthemostintelligentofmachines.Acomputerworkswithsymbols.Itsprogram

specifiesasetofrulestotransformonestringofsymbolsintoanother.Butitdoesnotspecifywhatthosesymbols

mean.Indeed,toacomputer,meaningisirrelevant.Humans,inthinking,talking,readingandwriting,alsowork

withsymbols.Butforhumans,meaningiseverything.Whenwecommunicate,wecommunicatemeaning.What

mattersisnotjusttheoutsideofastringofsymbols,buttheinsidetoo,notjusthowtheyarearrangedbutwhat

theymean.

Meaningemergesthroughaprocessofsocialinteraction,notofcomputation,interactionthatshapesthe

contentofthesymbolsinourheads.Therulesthatassignmeaninglienotjustinsideourheads,butalsooutside,in

society,insocialmemory,socialconventionsandsocialrelations.Itisthisthatdistinguisheshumansfrom

machines.Andthat’swhy,howeverastonishingProjectDebatermayseem,thetraditionthatbeganwithSocrates

andConfuciuswillnotendwithartificialintelligence.

28．WhydoestheauthormentionNoaOvadiainthefirstparagraph?

A．Toexplaintheuseofasoftwareprogram.

B．ToshowtheclevernessofProjectDebater.

C．TointroducethedesignerofProjectDebater.

D．Toemphasizethefairnessofthecompetition.

29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“wrinkles”inparagraph2referto?

A．Arguments.B．Doubts.C．Errors.D．Differences.

30．WhatisProjectDebaterunabletodoaccordingtoHammond?

A．Createrules.B．Comprehendmeaning.

C．Talkfluently.D．Identifydifficultwords.

31．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A．Socialinteractioniskeytounderstandingsymbols.

B．Thehumanbrainhaspotentialyettobedeveloped.

C．Ancientphilosopherssetgoodexamplesfordebaters.

D．Artificialintelligenceensureshumansabrightfuture.

2022年閱讀理解新聞報(bào)道

Passage1

【2022年全國(guó)乙卷】In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.—Dorothy

WoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-room

schoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,

Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthe

subjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,

whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff’sgranddaughter.

Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,theyrealizedwhatthey

hadundertaken.

Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketof

snowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveatthe

schoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.

InWickenden’sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourse

influencedthegirls’decisiontogotoElkhead.whichentailed(牽涉)drillingthroughtheRockies,oftenin

blindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.

Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism(堅(jiān)忍)ofthepeoplemoveherto

somebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop:“When

thesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwas

markedonlybysmallanimals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter.”

4.WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?

A.Toteachinaschool.B.TostudyAmericanhistory.

C.Towriteabook.D.Todosightseeing.

5.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?

A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.

CD.

.Theylivedwiththelocalkids.Theysufferedseverehardships.

6.WhichpartofWickenden’swritingishair-raising?

A.TheextremeclimateofAuburn.B.ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.

C.TherailroadbuildingintheRockies.D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.

7.Whatisthetext?

A.Anewsreport.B.Abookreview.C.Achildren’sstory.D.Adiaryentry.

2020年閱讀理解新聞報(bào)道

Passage1

【2020年新課標(biāo)Ⅲ】When“RiseofthePlanetoftheApes”wasfirstshowntothepubliclastmonth,agroup

ofexcitedanimalactivistsgatheredonHollywoodBoulevard.Buttheyweren’ttheretothrowredpainton

fur-coat-wearingfilmstars.Instead,oneactivist,dressedinafull-bodymonkeysuit,hadarrivedwithasign

praisingthefilmmakers:“Thanksfornotusingrealapes(猿)!”

Thecreativeteambehind“Apes”usedmotion-capture(動(dòng)作捕捉)technologytocreatedigitalizedanimals,

spendingtensofmillionsofdollarsontechnologythatrecordsanactor’sperformanceandlaterprocessesitwith

computergraphicstocreateafinalimage(圖像).Inthiscase,oneofarealistic-lookingape.

Yet“Apes”ismoreexceptionthantherule.Infact,Hollywoodhasbeenhotonliveanimalslately.One

nonprofitorganization,whichmonitorsthetreatmentofanimalsinfilmedentertainment,iskeepingtabsonmore

than2,000productionsthisyear.Already,anumberoffilms,including“WaterforElephants,”“TheHangoverPart

Ⅱ”and“Zookeeper,”havedrawntheangerofactivistswhosaythecreaturesactinginthemhaven’tbeentreated

properly.

Insomecases,it’snotsomuchthetreatmentoftheanimalsonsetinthestudiothathasactivistsworried;it’s

theoff-settrainingandlivingconditionsthatareraisingconcerns.Andtherearequestionsaboutthefilmsmade

outsidetheStates,whichsometimesarenotmonitoredascloselyasproductionsfilmedintheStates.

24.WhydidtheanimalactivistsgatheronHollywoodBoulevard?

A.Toseefamousfilmstars.

B.Toopposewearingfurcoats.

C.Toraisemoneyforanimalprotection.

D.Toexpressthankstosomefilmmakers.

25.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?

A.Thecostofmaking“Apes.”

B.Thecreationofdigitalizedapes.

C.Thepublicityabout“Apes.”

D.Theperformanceofrealapes.

26.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“keepingtabson”inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Listingcompletely.

B.Directingprofessionally.

C.Promotingsuccessfully.

D.Watchingcarefully.

27.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraphaboutanimalactors?

A.Theymaybebadlytreated.

B.Theyshouldtakefurthertraining.

C.Theycouldbetradedillegally

D.Theywouldlosepopularity.

Passage2

【2020年新課標(biāo)Ⅲ】Withtheyoungunabletoaffordtoleavehomeandtheoldatriskofisolation(孤獨(dú)),

morefamiliesarechoosingtolivetogether.

Thedoorwaytopeaceandquiet,forNickBrightatleast,leadsstraighttohismother-in-law,shelivesonthe

groundfloor,whilehelivesupstairswithhiswifeandtheirtwodaughters.

Fouryearsagotheyallmovedintoathree-storeyVictorianhouseinBristol-oneofagrowingnumberof

multigenerationalfamiliesintheUKlivingtogetherunderthesameroof.Theyshareafrontdoorandawashing

machine,butRitaWhiteheadhasherownkitchen,bathroom,bedroomandlivingroomonthegroundfloor.

“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingatahouse,”saysKathrynWhitehead.Ritacutsin:“Wespoke

morewithNickbecauseIthinkit’sabigthingforNicktolivewithhismother-in-law.”

AndwhatdoesNickthink?“Frommystandpoint,itallseemstoworkverywell.WouldIrecommendit?Yes,

IthinkIwould.”

It’shardtotellexactlyhowmanypeopleagreewithhim,butresearchindicatesthatthenumbershavebeen

risingforsometime.Officialreportssuggestthatthenumberofhouseholdswiththreegenerationslivingtogether

hadrisenfrom325,000in2001to419,000in2013.

Othervarietiesofmultigenerationalfamilyaremorecommon.Somepeoplelivewiththeirelderlyparents;

manymoreadultchildrenarereturningtothefamilyhome,iftheyeverleft.Itissaidthatabout20%of

25-34-year-oldslivewiththeirparents,comparedwith16%in1991.Thetotalnumberofallmultigenerational

householdsinBritainisthoughttobeabout1.8million.

Storieslikethataremorecommoninpartsoftheworldwheremultigenerationallivingismorefirmlyrooted.

InIndia,particularlyoutsidecities,youngwomenareexpectedtomoveinwiththeirhusband’sfamilywhenthey

getmarried.

28.WhomainlyusesthegroundfloorintheVictorianhouseinBristol?

A.Nick.B.Rita.C.KathrynD.Thedaughters.

29.WhatisNick’sattitudetowardssharingthehousewithhismother-in-law?

A.Positive.B.Carefree.C.Tolerant.D.Unwilling.

30.Whatistheauthor’sstatementaboutmultigenerationalfamilybasedon?

A.Familytraditions.B.Financialreports.C.Publishedstatistics.D.Publicopinions.

31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Lifestylesindifferentcountries.B.Conflictsbetweengenerations.

C.AhousingprobleminBritain.D.ArisingtrendoflivingintheUK.

Passage3

【2020年新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷（山東卷）】Inthemid-1990s,TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerin

Uzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths,physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater,stillattracted

tothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.

Hisvisit,however,endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea:LostAmongthe

GhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan,wheremillionsof

liveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrange

land,andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway:Rustam,histranslator,alovely24-year-oldwhopickeduphiscolorful

EnglishinCalifornia,OlegandNatasha,hishostsinTashkent,andastringofforeignaidworkers.

ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.

InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolice

methodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral(葬禮)followedbyastrange

drinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmiles

fromthesea.

MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences,makinghistaleawell-rounded

pictureofUzbekistan,seenfromWesterneyes.HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican,aswellashis

delicatestomach.Astheauthorexplains,thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook,orevenapieceofreportage.

Whateveritis,theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.

8.WhatmadeMrBissellreturntoUzbekistan?

A.Hisfriends'invitation.B.Hisinterestinthecountry.

C.Hisloveforteaching.D.Hisdesiretoregainhealth.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?

A.Developingaseriousmentaldisease.

B.TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.

C.WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.

D.WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.

10.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMrBissell'sroadtripinUzbekistan?

A.Romantic.B.Eventful.C.Pleasant.D.Dangerous.

11.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?

A.Tointroduceabook.B.Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.

C.Torememberawriter.D.Torecommendatraveldestination.

Passage4

【2020年新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ卷（海南卷）】InMay1987theGoldenGateBridgehada50thbirthdayparty.The

bridgewasclosedtomotortrafficsopeoplecouldenjoyawalkacrossit.Organizersexpectedperhaps50,000

peopletoshowup.Instead,asmanyas800,000crowdedtheroadstothebridge.Bythetime250,000wereonthe

bridge,engineersnoticedsomethingterrible：theroadwaywasflatteningunderwhatturnedouttobetheheaviest

loadithadeverbeenaskedtocarry.Worse,itwasbeginningtosway（晃動(dòng)）.Theauthoritiesclosedaccesstothe

bridgeandtensofthousandsofpeoplemadetheirwaybacktoland.Adisasterwasavoided.

ThestoryisoneofscoresinToForgiveDesign：UnderstandingFailure,abookthatisatoncealoveletterto

engineeringandapaean（贊歌）toitsbreakdowns.Itsauthor,Dr.HenryPetroski,haslongbeenwritingabout

disasters.Inthisbook,heincludesthelossofthespaceshuttles（航天飛機(jī)）ChallengerandColumbia,andthe

sinkingoftheTitanic.

Thoughheacknowledgesthatengineeringworkscanfailbecausethepersonwhothoughtthemupor

engineeredthemsimplygotthingswrong,inthisbookDr.Petroskiwidenshisviewtoconsiderthelargercontext

inwhichsuchfailuresoccur.Sometimesdevicesfailbecauseagooddesignisconstructedwithlowquality

materialsincompetentlyapplied.Orperhapsadesignworkssowellitisadoptedelsewhereagainandagain,with

seeminglyharmlessimprovements,until,suddenly,itdoesnotworkatallanymore.

Readerswillencounternotonlystoriestheyhaveheardbefore,butsomenewstoriesandamovingdiscussion

oftheresponsibilityoftheengineertothepublicandthewaysyoungengineerscanbehelpedtograspthem.

"Successissuccessbutthatisallthatitis,"Dr.Petroskiwrites.Itisfailurethatbringsimprovement.

8.WhathappenedtotheGoldenGateBridgeonits50thbirthday?

A.Itcarriedmoreweightthanitcould.

B.Itswayedviolentlyinastrongwind

C.Itsroadwaywasdamagedbyvehicles

D.Itsaccesswasblockedbymanypeople.

9.WhichofthefollowingisDr.Petroski'sideaaccordingtoparagraph3?

A.Nodesigniswellreceivedeverywhere

B.Constructionismoreimportantthandesign.

C.Notalldisastersarecausedbyengineeringdesign

D.Improvementsonengineeringworksarenecessary.

10.Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggest?

A.Failurecanleadtoprogress.B.Successresultsinoverconfidence

C.Failureshouldbeavoided.D.Successcomesfromjointefforts.

11.Whatisthetext?

A.AnewsreportB.Ashortstory.

C.AbookreviewD.Aresearcharticle.

2019年閱讀理解新聞報(bào)道

Passage1

【2019年浙江卷6月】Moneywithnostringsattached.It’