西藏鋼結(jié)構(gòu)樓梯專項(xiàng)施工方案一、項(xiàng)目概況與編制依據(jù)1.1項(xiàng)目概況項(xiàng)目名稱：西藏某建筑鋼結(jié)構(gòu)樓梯施工工程項(xiàng)目地點(diǎn)：西藏自治區(qū)拉薩市結(jié)構(gòu)形式：鋼結(jié)構(gòu)框架體系，主梁采用H型鋼（Q355B），次梁采用C型鋼（C200×70×20×3），樓板為壓型鋼板（YX75-200-600）與混凝土組合結(jié)構(gòu)，樓梯扶手采用304不銹鋼管材（φ51×1.2mm）。工程規(guī)模：樓梯總長度45m，包含上行梯段（坡度30°）、下行梯段（坡度28°）及3個休息平臺，總建筑面積約180㎡，最大高度12.6m。核心特點(diǎn)：高海拔施工：現(xiàn)場海拔3650m，晝夜溫差達(dá)15℃，年均大氣壓64kPa（僅為平原70%），需應(yīng)對低溫、低氧、強(qiáng)紫外線等極端條件。精度要求：鋼結(jié)構(gòu)安裝軸線偏差需≤3mm，垂直度偏差≤1/1000且≤5mm，焊接質(zhì)量等級達(dá)二級。環(huán)保敏感：場地臨近拉薩河支流，需嚴(yán)格控制施工揚(yáng)塵、噪音及廢水排放。1.2編制依據(jù)法規(guī)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：《鋼結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》（GB50017-2017）、《建筑鋼結(jié)構(gòu)焊接技術(shù)規(guī)程》（JGJ81-2012）、《西藏自治區(qū)建筑施工安全管理?xiàng)l例》（2023修訂版）設(shè)計(jì)文件：建筑施工圖（圖號G-01~G-12）、鋼結(jié)構(gòu)節(jié)點(diǎn)詳圖（節(jié)點(diǎn)編號J-01~J-24）、地質(zhì)勘察報告（編號XZ-2025-08）專項(xiàng)規(guī)范：《高原建筑施工技術(shù)導(dǎo)則》（DB54/T0223-2024）、《壓型鋼板混凝土組合樓板技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（GB/T51347-2019）二、施工組織設(shè)計(jì)2.1項(xiàng)目管理架構(gòu)崗位職責(zé)分工資質(zhì)要求項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理統(tǒng)籌質(zhì)量、安全、進(jìn)度及成本控制，協(xié)調(diào)高原物資運(yùn)輸與人員調(diào)度一級建造師（建筑工程）+高原施工培訓(xùn)證技術(shù)負(fù)責(zé)人編制專項(xiàng)施工技術(shù)措施，解決焊接變形、低溫裝配等技術(shù)難題高級工程師（鋼結(jié)構(gòu)專業(yè)）安全工程師制定高原作業(yè)安全預(yù)案，監(jiān)督防護(hù)設(shè)施搭設(shè)與氧氣供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)注冊安全工程師+高原急救培訓(xùn)證施工隊(duì)長現(xiàn)場施工組織，負(fù)責(zé)鋼構(gòu)件安裝、焊接工藝執(zhí)行鋼結(jié)構(gòu)焊工合格證（AWSD1.1認(rèn)證）2.2資源配置計(jì)劃勞動力計(jì)劃（按施工階段）：工廠預(yù)制階段（30天）：鋼結(jié)構(gòu)加工技師8人、無損檢測員2人、材料員1人現(xiàn)場安裝階段（45天）：吊裝工3人、焊工5人、測量工2人、普工6人（含2名藏族本地向?qū)В┎牧瞎?yīng)計(jì)劃：|材料名稱|規(guī)格型號|數(shù)量|進(jìn)場時間|存儲要求||----------------|-------------------|--------|----------------|-----------------------------------||H型鋼主梁|HM300×200×8×12|12根|施工前15天|墊高30cm存放，覆蓋防雨布||高強(qiáng)螺栓|M20×80（10.9級）|500套|施工前7天|密封包裝，存放于15℃以上室內(nèi)||不銹鋼扶手|φ51×1.2mm|60m|安裝階段第10天|避免與碳鋼接觸，單獨(dú)存放于木托盤|機(jī)械設(shè)備配置：高原型汽車吊（25t，適應(yīng)海拔4000m）、二氧化碳?xì)怏w保護(hù)焊機(jī)（NB-500，帶高原型穩(wěn)壓器）、全站儀（精度0.5mm+1ppm）、便攜式氧含量檢測儀（量程0~30%VOL）三、施工方法與技術(shù)措施3.1鋼結(jié)構(gòu)工廠預(yù)制3.1.1構(gòu)件加工流程材料預(yù)處理：鋼材進(jìn)場后進(jìn)行-20℃低溫沖擊韌性試驗(yàn)，合格后采用拋丸除銹（Sa2.5級），噴涂環(huán)氧富鋅底漆（干膜厚度80μm）。切割下料：采用數(shù)控等離子切割（精度±1mm），H型鋼翼緣板與腹板采用數(shù)控切割后，需進(jìn)行端面銑平（平面度≤0.3mm/m）。焊接工藝：主梁焊接采用門式埋弧焊機(jī)（電流600~650A，電壓32~36V），焊后24小時內(nèi)進(jìn)行1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000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