2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解押題預測：熱點話題與經(jīng)典題型匯編考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷第一部分閱讀理解directions:Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.ForeachquestiontherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTherapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)haspromptedwidespreaddiscussionsaboutitssocietalimpact,withconcernsoftenfocusingonjobdisplacementandethicaldilemmas.However,aless-discussedconsequenceisthepotentialerosionofhumancreativity,aphenomenonthatwarrantscloserexamination.AsAIsystemsbecomeincreasinglysophisticatedingeneratingtext,images,andevenmusic,theyareencroachingondomainstraditionallyconsideredtheexclusiveprovinceofhumanimagination.ProponentsofAIarguethatthesesystemsaremerelytoolsthatcanaugmenthumancreativity,notreplaceit.TheypointoutthatAIcanprocessvastamountsofdataandidentifypatternsthathumansmightoverlook,therebyinspiringnewideas.Forinstance,anAIalgorithmmightanalyzethousandsofpaintingstogenerateanovelcomposition,offeringartistsauniquestartingpoint.Similarly,inmusiccomposition,AIcansuggestharmoniesandmelodiesthatcomposerscanthenrefineintooriginalworks.Inthisview,AIactsasacollaborator,extendinghumancapabilitiesratherthansupplantingthem.Critics,however,raisevalidconcernsaboutthehomogenizationofcreativeoutput.TheyarguethatwhenAIsystemsaretrainedonexistingdatasets,whichoftenreflectdominantculturaltrendsandstyles,theirgeneratedcontenttendstoconformtothesebiases.Thiscanleadtoareductioninthediversityofcreativeexpressions,asAImayprioritizeproducingcontentthatisstatisticallylikelyorcommerciallyviable,ratherthangenuinelyinnovative.Moreover,theeasewithwhichAIcanreplicateexistingstylescoulddisincentivizeartistsfromexperimentingwithnewtechniquesorperspectives,ultimatelystiflingcreativity.ThetensionbetweenAIandhumancreativityhighlightstheneedforanuancedunderstandingoftechnology'sroleinthecreativeprocess.WhileAIcanundoubtedlyassistingeneratingideasandstreamliningworkflows,itisessentialtorecognizethatcreativityisnotmerelyaboutthegenerationofnoveloutputsbutalsoaboutthehumanexperienceofdiscovery,emotion,andintention.AIlacksthelivedexperiences,culturalcontexts,andpersonalbiasesthatinformandenrichhumancreativity.Therefore,thefutureofcreativityliesnotinthereplacementofhumanartistsbyAIbutinfosteringasymbioticrelationshipwheretechnologyandhumaningenuitycomplementeachother.Questions:1.WhatistheprimaryconcernraisedinthepassageregardingtheimpactofAIonhumancreativity?2.AccordingtoproponentsofAI,howcanAIsystemscontributetothecreativeprocess?3.WhatargumentdocriticsusetosuggestthatAImayleadtoareductionincreativediversity?4.ThepassagementionsthatAIlackscertainqualitiesthathumanspossess.Whatdoesitsuggestarethesequalities?5.Whatistheauthor'smainperspectiveontherelationshipbetweenAIandhumancreativity?PassageTwoInrecentyears,theconceptofsustainabilityhasmovedfromthefringesofpublicdiscoursetothecenterofglobalpolicyagendas.Thisshiftreflectsagrowingrecognitionthatenvironmentaldegradation,resourcedepletion,andsocialinequalityareinterconnectedchallengesrequiringintegratedsolutions.Whileprogresshasbeenmadeincertainareas,suchasrenewableenergyadoptionandwastereductioninitiatives,significantobstaclesremainonthepathtoachievingtruesustainability.Oneofthekeychallengesistheinherentconflictbetweeneconomicgrowthandenvironmentalprotection.Manyindustrializednationshavereliedonfossilfuelsandresource-intensivemanufacturingprocessestodriveeconomicexpansion,leadingtoconsiderableenvironmentaldamage.Transitioningtocleaner,moresustainablepracticesrequiressubstantialinvestmentandafundamentalrethinkingofeconomicmodelsthatprioritizeshort-termgainsoverlong-termresilience.Thistransitionisnotonlytechnologicallycomplexbutalsopoliticallychallenging,asitinvolvesnavigatingpowerfulvestedinterestsandalteringlong-establishedwaysoflife.Anothersignificantbarrieristhelackofglobalcoordination.Environmentalissues,suchasclimatechangeandbiodiversityloss,donotrespectnationalborders.However,internationalagreementshaveoftenbeenhamperedbycompetinginterestsandalackofenforcementmechanisms.Withoutconsistentandcollaborativeeffortsacrossnations,itisdifficulttoaddressthesetransboundaryproblemseffectively.Moreover,disparitiesindevelopmentlevelsandtechnologicalcapabilitiesbetweencountriesfurthercomplicateefforts,aswealthiernationsmaybereluctanttosupportinitiativesthatcouldbeperceivedasdetrimentaltotheireconomiccompetitiveness.Despitethesechallenges,therearereasonsforoptimism.Theincreasingawarenessofsustainabilityissueshasspurredinnovationinsustainabletechnologiesandpractices.Advancesinareaslikesustainableagriculture,greenbuilding,andcirculareconomymodelsofferpromisingsolutionstosomeofthemostpressingenvironmentalproblems.Additionally,theriseofsocialmovementsandgrassrootsinitiativesdemonstratesagrowingpublicdemandforchange.Thesemovementscanexertpressureongovernmentsandcorporationstoadoptmoresustainablepractices,creatingapositivefeedbackloopthatcanaccelerateprogress.Ultimately,achievingsustainabilityrequiresamultifacetedapproachthatintegratesenvironmental,economic,andsocialconsiderations.Itnecessitatesashiftinmindset,movingawayfromalinearmodelofprogressthatprioritizesconsumptionandgrowthtowardsonethatvaluesregeneration,equity,andresilience.Whilethepathforwardisfraughtwithdifficulties,thegrowingconsensusontheurgencyofactionprovidesastrongfoundationforcollaborativeeffortstobuildamoresustainablefuture.Questions:6.Whathascausedtheconceptofsustainabilitytogainprominenceinrecentyears?7.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemainobstaclestoachievingsustainability?8.Howdointernationalagreementsonenvironmentalissuessometimesfailtoachievetheirgoals?9.Thepassagementions"innovativesustainabletechnologiesandpractices."Canyouprovideanexampleofsuchatechnologyorpractice?10.Whatfundamentalshiftinmindsetdoestheauthorsuggestisnecessaryforachievingsustainability?PassageThreeThedigitalagehasrevolutionizedhowinformationiscreated,shared,andconsumed,bringingaboutunprecedentedopportunitiesforlearningandcommunication.However,thistransformationhasalsogivenrisetonewchallenges,particularlyintherealmofmisinformationanditspotentialtounderminedemocraticprocesses.Theeasewithwhichfalseormisleadinginformationcanspreadacrossdigitalplatformshasraisedconcernsabouttheintegrityofpublicdiscourseandthehealthofdemocraticinstitutions.Oneoftheprimarywaysinwhichmisinformationimpactsdemocraticprocessesisbyinfluencingpublicopinion.Inthelead-uptoelections,forexample,thedisseminationoffalseorbiasednewsstoriescanswayvoters,potentiallyleadingtooutcomesthatdonotreflectthetruewilloftheelectorate.Socialmediaalgorithms,whichoftenprioritizeengagementoveraccuracy,canamplifythereachofsuchcontent,creatingechochamberswhereusersareprimarilyexposedtoinformationthatconfirmstheirexistingbeliefs.Thiscandeepenpoliticalpolarizationandmakeitincreasinglydifficulttoachieveconsensusonimportantissues.Anothersignificantconsequenceistheerosionoftrustininstitutions.Whenfalseinformationisrepeatedlyexposedasmisleadingorfalse,itcanleadtoageneraldeclineintrustnotonlyinmediaoutletsbutalsoingovernment,scientificbodies,andotherinstitutionsthatprovideexpertiseandguidance.Thiserosionoftrustmakesitharderfortheseinstitutionstofunctioneffectively,astheirmessagesmaybedismissedorrejectedbythepublic.Inthecontextofpublichealthcrises,forinstance,mistrustcanhindereffortstoimplementeffectivepoliciesandguidelines,potentiallyleadingtoworseoutcomes.Addressingthechallengeofmisinformationrequiresamulti-prongedapproach.Ononehand,technologicalsolutionssuchasalgorithmictransparencyandcontentmoderationpoliciescanhelplimitthespreadoffalseinformation.Ontheotherhand,promotingmedialiteracyandcriticalthinkingskillsamongthepublicisessentialforenablingindividualstodiscerncrediblesourcesfromunreliableones.Educationalinstitutions,non-profitorganizations,andgovernmentsallhaverolestoplayinfosteringamoreinformedanddiscerningcitizenry.Ultimately,thefightagainstmisinformationisnotjustatechnologicalchallengebutalsoanethicalone.Itrequiresacommitmenttofosteringanenvironmentwhereaccurateinformationcan流通freely,wherediverseperspectivescanbeexpressedanddebatedrespectfully,andwherethepublichasthetoolsandknowledgetonavigatethecomplexinformationlandscape.Onlythroughsuchacollectiveeffortcanwehopetosafeguardtheintegrityofdemocraticprocessesandensurethatthedigitalageservesasaforceforpositivechangeratherthandivision.Questions:11.Accordingtothepassage,howdoesmisinformationaffectpublicopinionindemocracies?12.Whatimpactcanthespreadoffalseinformationhaveontrustininstitutions?13.Thepassagesuggeststhataddressingmisinformationrequiresseveraldifferentstrategies.Canyounametwoofthesestrategies?14.Intheauthor'sview,whatisthemostfundamentalrequirementforcombatingmisinformationinthedigitalage?15.Whatisthepassagemainlydiscussing?PassageFourTheriseofthegigeconomyhastransformedthenatureofworkinmanydevelopedeconomies,offeringbothopportunitiesandchallengesforworkersandemployersalike.Ontheonehand,gigwork—characterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceprojectsratherthantraditionallong-termemployment—providesflexibilityandautonomyforindividualsseekingtobalanceworkwithothercommitmentsortopursuemultipleincomestreams.Platformsthatconnectgigworkerswithclientsoremployershavedemocratizedaccesstovarioustypesofwork,fromride-sharingandfooddeliverytoonlinecontentcreationandprofessionalservices.However,thisshifttoamoredecentralizedandflexiblelabormarketisnotwithoutitsdrawbacks.Oneofthemostsignificantconcernsisthelackofjobsecurityandbenefitsassociatedwithtraditionalemployment.Gigworkerstypicallydonotreceivehealthinsurance,retirementcontributions,orpaidtimeoff,leavingthemvulnerabletofinancialinstability,especiallyduringeconomicdownturns.Thisprecariousnesscanexacerbateexistinginequalities,asthosewithoutalternativesourcesofincomearemoresusceptibletohardship.Anotherchallengeisthepotentialforexploitation.Thedecentralizednatureofgigworkmakesitdifficultforworkerstoorganizeandadvocateforbetterconditions,astheyoftenlackthecollectivebargainingpoweroftraditionalemployees.Platforms,meanwhile,benefitfromaflexibleworkforcethatcanbeeasilyreplaced,whichcanleadtoaracetothebottomintermsofwagesandworkingconditions.Regulatoryeffortstoprotectgigworkershavebeencontentious,astheyofteninvolvebalancingtheneedsofworkerswiththeoperationalmodelsofplatformsandthebroadereconomiclandscape.Despitethesechallenges,thegigeconomycontinuestogrow,drivenbytechnologicaladvancementsandchanginglaborpreferences.Somearguethatitrepresentsanaturalevolutionofthelabormarket,reflectingashifttowardsmorefluidandindividualizedworkarrangements.Assuch,thefocusshouldbeonadaptingsocialsafetynetsandregulatoryframeworkstobettersupportgigworkers,ratherthanseekingtoeliminatethegigeconomyentirely.Thismightinvolveinnovativesolutionssuchasportablebenefitssystemsoralternativeformsofsocialinsurancethatfollowworkersacrossdifferentjobsandplatforms.Thefutureofthegigeconomywilllikelydependonhoweffectivelysocietiescannavigatethesecomplexchallenges.Strikingabalancebetweentheflexibilityandinnovationthatthegigeconomyoffersandtheneedforworkerprotectionandeconomicsecuritywillbecrucial.Asthenatureofworkcontinuestoevolve,policymakers,businesses,andworkerswillneedtocollaboratetocreatealabormarketthatisbothdynamicandequitable.Questions:16.Whataresomeoftheadvantagesofgigworkforindividuals?17.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemaindrawbacksofgigworkforworkers?18.Whyisitchallengingtoorganizeandadvocateforbetterconditionsforgigworkers?19.Whatapproachdoesthepassagesuggestforsupportinggigworkersinthefuture?20.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofthegigeconomy?---試卷答案第一部分閱讀理解PassageOne1.D*解析思路：文章首段明確指出，除了常見的對工作和倫理的擔憂，還有一個“l(fā)ess-discussedconsequence”，即對人類創(chuàng)造力的侵蝕。后面段落雖然討論了支持和反對觀點，但核心問題（consequence）的提出在首段。2.A*解析思路：第二段中，支持者認為AI是工具，可以“augmenthumancreativity”，并舉例說明AI可以分析數(shù)據(jù)、識別模式，為藝術家和作曲家提供“uniquestartingpoint”或“inspiringnewideas”，即通過提供靈感和起點來輔助創(chuàng)造。3.C*解析思路：第三段批評者認為，AI訓練數(shù)據(jù)有偏見，導致生成內(nèi)容“conformtothesebiases”，從而“l(fā)eadtoareductioninthediversityofcreativeexpressions”，即AI傾向于復制現(xiàn)有風格，導致創(chuàng)造表達同質化，缺乏多樣性。4.B*解析思路：第四段提到AI“l(fā)acksthelivedexperiences,culturalcontexts,andpersonalbiases”這些人類所具備的特質。這些是構成人類創(chuàng)造力，使AI難以完全替代人類的根本原因。5.D*解析思路：文章最后一段明確指出，AI可以“actasacollaborator,extendinghumancapabilitiesratherthansupplantingthem”，并且“creativityisnotmerelyaboutthegenerationofnoveloutputsbutalsoaboutthehumanexperience...AIlacks...Therefore,thefutureliesnotinreplacementbutinfosteringasymbioticrelationship”，即作者認為AI和人類創(chuàng)造力應該是共生關系，而非替代關系，AI是輔助而非取代。PassageTwo6.A*解析思路：第一段提到，隨著科技發(fā)展，人們越來越認識到環(huán)境退化、資源耗竭和社會不平等是相互關聯(lián)的挑戰(zhàn)，需要綜合解決方案，“Thisshiftreflectsagrowingrecognition...”，即對可持續(xù)性的認識日益增長導致了其地位的提升。7.B*解析思路：第二段詳細闡述了主要障礙之一是經(jīng)濟增長與環(huán)境保護之間的“inherentconflict”。文章指出許多國家依賴化石燃料和資源密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)驅動經(jīng)濟，向可持續(xù)模式轉型需要巨大投資和思維轉變，但“Transitioning...requiressubstantialinvestmentandafundamentalrethinking...Thistransitionisnotonlytechnologicallycomplexbutalsopoliticallychallenging”，即這一轉型本身充滿技術和政治上的復雜性，是主要障礙。8.C*解析思路：第三段說明國際協(xié)議常受阻礙的原因是“competinginterestsandalackofenforcementmechanisms”。即各國存在利益沖突，并且缺乏有效的執(zhí)行機制來確保協(xié)議得到遵守，“Withoutconsistentandcollaborativeefforts...itisdifficulttoaddressthesetransboundaryproblemseffectively”，即缺乏協(xié)調和合作導致問題難以解決。9.B*解析思路：第四段提到“innovationinsustainabletechnologiesandpractices”是應對挑戰(zhàn)的希望之一。舉例中提到了“advancesinareaslikesustainableagriculture,greenbuilding,andcirculareconomymodels”，其中“circulareconomymodels”（循環(huán)經(jīng)濟模式）是一種旨在減少浪費、促進資源再利用的實踐方法，符合“sustainablepractices”的描述。10.D*解析思路：第五段最后一句明確指出，實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)性需要“ashiftinmindset,movingawayfromalinearmodelofprogressthatprioritizesconsumptionandgrowthtowardsonethatvaluesregeneration,equity,andresilience”，即作者認為需要從根本上轉變思維模式，從追求線性增長和消費的模式轉向重視再生、公平和彈性的模式。PassageThree11.A*解析思路：第二段說明虛假信息影響民主進程的一個主要方式是“influencingpublicopinion”。文中舉例說明在選舉期間，虛假或偏見的新聞報道可以“swayvoters,potentiallyleadingtooutcomesthatdonotreflectthetruewilloftheelectorate”，即通過影響選民看法來左右選舉結果，從而影響公共輿論。12.B*解析思路：第三段闡述虛假信息另一個后果是“erosionoftrustininstitutions”。文中提到當虛假信息被揭穿后，可能導致公眾對媒體、政府、科學機構等“declineintrust”，并舉例說明在公共衛(wèi)生危機中，這種不信任感會“hindereffortstoimplementeffectivepolicies...potentiallyleadingtoworseoutcomes”，即不信任感的侵蝕會損害機構的有效運作。13.AandB*解析思路：第四段提出了應對策略，“Ononehand,technologicalsolutionssuchasalgorithmictransparencyandcontentmoderationpoliciescanhelplimitthespreadoffalseinformation”（技術解決方案，如算法透明度和內(nèi)容審核政策），以及“Ontheotherhand,promotingmedialiteracyandcriticalthinkingskillsamongthepublicisessential...”（另一方面，提升公眾媒體素養(yǎng)和批判性思維能力至關重要），即技術和教育/素養(yǎng)提升是兩種不同策略