U1WishyouwerehereGrammarandusage非限制性定語從句1.定義definition：在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句。3.先行詞antecedent：被修飾的名詞或代詞。一、定語從句的相關(guān)概念TherewasanearthquakewhichhappenedinTangshanin1976.2.關(guān)系詞relative：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞。關(guān)系詞+先行詞+其他部分3.引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞：關(guān)系代詞：關(guān)系副詞：when,where,why(限制性定從)who,whom,whose,which,that(限制性定從),as(非限制性定從)定語從句的相關(guān)概念4、關(guān)系詞的功能:

1)連接主句與從句

2)指代先行詞3)在從句中充當(dāng)成分1.先看先行詞2，再看引導(dǎo)詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分。解決定語從句的思維Let'spracticeReady?Go!1.Thisisthehouse______helivedlastyear.wherewherethat/whichSorry,youarewrong!?2.Thisisthehouse______hevisitedlastyear.that/whichSorry,youarewrong!wherethat/which3.I'llneverforgettheday______Imetyou.whenwhenthat/whichSorry,youarewrong!4.Thisisthereason______hewentthere.whywhythat/whichSorry,youarewrong!

③Bob的父親從事這項工程，他在埃及待了四年。Bob’sfather,whoworkedontheproject,spentfouryearsinEgypt.①

戴維斯想?yún)⒂^袁博士的新農(nóng)場，那里種了海水稻。DaviswantedtovisitDrYuan’snewfarm,wheretheseawaterricewasgrown.

②

勞拉不能來參加我們的聚會，這真遺憾。Lauracouldn’tcometoourparty,whichwasapity.

非限制性定語從句的用法

1、非限制性定語從句是對先行詞或整個主句的補充說明，與主句之間通常用逗號隔開，有關(guān)系代詞which、who、whom、whose或關(guān)系副詞when、where引導(dǎo)。

①

她聽到一陣可怕的聲響，這讓她心提到了嗓子眼兒。Sheheardaterriblenoise,whichbroughtherheartintohermouth.

2、which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時,先行項可以是某個單詞或短語,也可以是整個主句或主句的一部分。②

戴維學(xué)習(xí)努力并且準(zhǔn)備幫助他人，這是他父母的期待。

Davidstudieshardandisreadytohelpothers,whichiswhathisparentsexpect.

①植物的生長速度受多種因素影響，其中有些因素是我們無法控制的。

Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,someofwhicharebeyondourcontrol.

②

John邀請了大約40人參加他的婚禮，其中大多數(shù)是他的家人。Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostofwhomarefamilymembers.3、在非限制性定語從句中whom、which前面可以someof、manyof、allof、mostof等修飾詞，表示整體中的部分或所有。

4、as和which都可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代整個主句

的內(nèi)容，但有區(qū)別：as引導(dǎo)的從句可以位于主句前、主句中

和主句后，主句沒有前后邏輯關(guān)系，常表示“正如”；而

which引導(dǎo)的定語從句只能放在主句后，主從句常有一定的因

果關(guān)系或前后順序，常表示“這/這一點”。例：Liquidwaterchangestovapor,

whichiscalledevaporation.

液態(tài)水變?yōu)檎羝@就叫做蒸發(fā)。

Aseveryoneknows,allthatglittersisnotgold.=Allthatglitters,aseveryoneknows,isnotgold.=Allthatglittersisnotgold,aseveryoneknows.

眾所周知(正如每個人知道的)，并非所有發(fā)光的東西都是金子。restrictiverelativeclausesnon-restrictiverelativeclause1.Isawtheguywhodelivers

mymailintownyesterday.2.I'llalwaysremembertheriverwherewelearnedto

swim.3.Doyouknowthereasonwhytheskyisblue?4.She'sthepersonwhose

daughtergoestoHarvard.1.Paris,

whereIspentsixmonthsstudying,isthemostbeautifulcityintheworld.2.Thewomandownthestreet,whosechildrenarethesame

ageasyours,invitedusoverfordinnernextweek.3.Themovie,whichismy

favoritecomedyofalltime,isbeingshownonTVtomorrownight.Howrestrictiverelativeclauses

differfromnon-restrictiverelativeclauses?若去掉，句子含義不明確whichguy?whichriver?thereasonforwhat?whichperson?若去掉，不影響句子含義無逗號與主句隔開有逗號與主句隔開限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句形式上________逗號________逗號意義上去掉后句意________去掉后句意_______作用上修飾限制作用可修飾_________補充說明作用可修飾_________________翻譯時譯為_________可譯為并列句關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞作賓語時_________；_______that,why引導(dǎo)關(guān)系詞__________；__________that,why引導(dǎo)不完整不用用完整先行詞或整個主句先行詞Distinction區(qū)別“...的”可以省略可用不可省略不可用“非限定”使用說明書1.從句中所有的關(guān)系詞都______省略2.從句不能用___________引導(dǎo)3.在“非限定”中,指人的關(guān)系代詞作賓語時，________________,不能用who替換,也不能省略。4.從句置于句首時,不能用_______引導(dǎo);而用____引導(dǎo)(as可放主句前,中，也可放主句后)Conclusion不可that/why只能用賓格whomwhichasPracticemakesPerfect！熟能生巧！三部曲：1.找出兩句話重復(fù)的部分2.

確定先行詞

3.

先行詞帶入從句e.g.MyparentswentonatourofJapanwith20people.Someofthemhadneverbeenabroadbefore.→MyparentswentonatourofJapanwith20people,someofwhomhadneverbeenabroadbefore.whom2.MyfavouriteplacetovisitisalittlevillagenearShanghai.Mygrandmawas

bornthere.________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.DrLuowillgiveusatourofBeijing.HeisanexpertinChinesehistory.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ApplyingtherulesRewritethefollowingsentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.P7B1

MyfavouriteplacetovisitisalittlevillagenearShanghai,wheremygrandmawasborn.①DrLuo,whoisanexpertinChinesehistory,willgiveusatourofBeijing.②DrLuowillgiveusatourofBeijing,whoisanexpertinChinesehistory.4.I'drathervisitEuropeinsummer.Theweatherisatitsbestinsummer.________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.I'mreadingaguidebooktoRome.Itisreallyfascinatingandhelpful.________________________________________________________________________________________________________ApplyingtherulesRewritethefollowingsentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.P7B1

I’mreadingaguidebooktoRome,whichisreallyfascinatingandhelpful.I’drathervisitEuropeinsummer,whentheweatherisatitsbest.1.Myhometown,___________attractstouristsfromacrossthecountry,looksquitedifferentfromwhatitwaswhenIwasachild.2.Einstein,__________weallknowisagreatscientist,developedthetheoryofrelativitymorethan100yearsago.3.Sometimeswehadtoworkuntiltheearlyhoursofthemorning,__________________mostpeoplewerestillfastasleep.4.Myhobbyisreadingbooks,

_________

Ispendmostofmysparemoney.5.Ourteachersalwaystrytocreatearelaxedatmosphereinclass,_______________wecanenjoythelearningexperience.ApplyingtherulesFillintheblankswithproperrelativepronounsorrelativeadverbs.Youcanaddaprepositionbeforetherelativepronounwherenecessary.P58C

whichwhowhen/duringwhichonwhi