高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1安徽省部分名校2024-2025學年高二上學期開學考試英語試卷第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATop4HouseboatsintheBahamasThemagicalcountryoftheBahamashasover700islandsdottingtheAtlanticOceanandtheCaribbeanSea,makingitadreamydestinationforthoselookingtoconnectwithnatureandrelaxwhileenjoyingtheslowlife.Chooseahouseboatfromthefollowinglistandenjoyagreatholiday.Luxuriousyacht(游艇)withthreeoutdoorareas;Freeport(from$985)Thisgrandyachtisperfectforwateractivitiesanddeeprelaxation.Youwillalsoenjoyfreeaccesstoworld-classfacilitiesnearby,includingaswimmingpool,fitnessroom,andaprivatebeach.Further,ifyoufancyawalknearby,thehouseboatislocatedclosetoseveralshopsandrestaurants.SunsetPointHouseboat;AndrosIsland(from$400)Thishouseboatfloatsinabeautifulandpeacefullocation,farfromtherushofthecity.It’sperfectforobservingmarinelife,fishing,swimming,anddivingintheocean.Guestscanalsorentacartodrivearoundtheisland.Besides,theaccommodationpossessesanequippedkitchenforcookingmeals.TheMac;Nassau(from$1,800)Thisfullyfurnishedyachtisidealforexploringlocationsclosetothecountry’scapital.Whilelivinghere,youwillhaveaccesstoafullyequippedkitchenwitharefrigeratorandmicrowave.Bestofall,thisaccommodationwelcomeslong-termguestswhochoosetostayherefor28daysormore.Attractiveboatwithfreemeals;BerryIslands(from$260)ExperiencetheuntouchedpartsoftheBahamasbystayingatthisbeautifulsailboat.Youcanspendallyourtimeenjoyingtheoceanastherentalpriceincludesbreakfast,lunch,anddinner.What’smore,youcanusetheonboardprojectortoscreenfilmsonthedeck(甲板)asyousailontheocean.Forindoorfun,theboathaswirelessInternetandtelevision.1.Whatactivityisrecommendedwhileintheluxuriousyacht?A.Watchingafilmintheopenair.B.Workingoutinafitnessroom.C.Goingonunlimitedseaadventures.D.Droppinginonsomenearbytheaters.2.WhatdoSunsetPointHouseboatandtheMachaveincommon?A.Touristshaveaccesstoakitchen.B.Arentalcarisprovidedfortravelingaround.C.TheyareequippedwithwirelessInternetandTV.D.Threemealsareincludedintheaccommodationfees.3.Whichsuitsatouristwithatightbudget?A.TheMac.B.SunsetPointHouseboat.C.Attractiveboatwithfreemeals.D.Luxuriousyachtwiththreeoutdoorareas.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了巴哈馬的四艘頂級游艇，為游客提供不同的度假體驗選擇?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據Luxuriousyacht(游艇)withthreeoutdoorareas部分中“Thisgrandyachtisperfectforwateractivitiesanddeeprelaxation.Youwillalsoenjoyfreeaccesstoworld-classfacilitiesnearby,includingaswimmingpool,fitnessroom,andaprivatebeach.”（這艘豪華游艇非常適合水上活動和深度放松。您還可以免費使用附近的世界級設施，包括游泳池、健身室和私人海灘。）可知，在豪華游艇上可以推薦去健身室鍛煉。故選B項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據SunsetPointHouseboat部分中“Besides,theaccommodationpossessesanequippedkitchenforcookingmeals.”（此外，公寓還配有一個設備齊全的廚房用于做飯。）和TheMac部分中“Whilelivinghere,youwillhaveaccesstoafullyequippedkitchenwitharefrigeratorandmicrowave.”（住在這里的時候，你可以使用一個配備冰箱和微波爐的設備齊全的廚房。）可知，SunsetPointHouseboat和TheMac的共同點是都可以使用廚房。故選A項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。比較四艘游艇的價格可知，Attractiveboatwithfreemeals;BerryIslands(from$260)的價格最低，起步價僅為260美元，并且還包含免費餐食，適合預算緊張的游客。故選C項。BWhenAlexLinwas11yearsold,hecameacrossanalarmingarticleinthenewspaperhighlightingtheimproperhandlingofe-waste,suchasburyingoutdatedcomputersinbackyardsandthrowingcellphonesinthegarbage.Thisisdangerousase-wastecontainspoisonouschemicalsandsubstancesthatcanleakintotheenvironment,gettingintocrops,animals,watersupplies,andevenhumans.“Iwasdeeplyconcerned,”recallsAlex.Heimmediatelyconductedasurveytoassessthesituationinhistown.Theresultswereastonishing:Amongtherespondents,onlyoneineightevenknewwhate-wastewas,letalonehowtoproperlydisposeofit.Determinedtomakeadifference,AleximmediatelysetupaprojectunderWIN,theorganizationhehadestablishedwithhisfriendstwoyearspriortoaddress,communityissues.TheWINteampublicizedtheireffortsinthelocalnewspaperanddistributednoticestostudents.urgingresidentstobringtheirunwantedelectronicstotheschoolparkinglot.Theysuccessfullycollectedover21,000poundsofe-waste,includingoutdatedcomputersfromtheschoolsystem.Followingthis,theyestablishedapermanente-wastedrop-offcenter.Recognizingtheimportanceofreuse,whichisseventimesmoreefficientthanrecycling,Alexandhisteambeganexploringwaystoreturnish(翻新)theoldcomputers.Hepersuadedhisschooltointegratecomputerrefurbishmentintothecurriculum,enablingstudentstocollect,restore,anddistribute260computerstochildreninneed.Realizingthatadrop-offcenteralonewasnotasustainablesolution,Alextookhiseffortstothestatelevelin2006.Hespokeatthestatehouse,advocatingforanewe-wastebillthatwouldoutlawthedumping(傾倒)ofe-waste.Alongwithothersupporters,heengagedwithlawmakers,presentedslideshows,andgatheredover370signatures.Ultimately,thebillwaspassedintolaw.Thankstotheeffortsofindividuals.likeAlexandhisteam,themessageofsafee-wastedisposalisgraduallygainingattention.AsAlexstates,“Today’stechnologyshouldnotbecometomorrow’spoison.”4.WhatwastheissuethatconcernedAlex?A.Highinvestmentofe-wasterecycling.B.Pollutionfromburyingoldcomputers.C.Unsafemanagementofelectronicwaste.D.Wastedstuffinthrown-awayelectronics.5.WhatwordscanbestsummarizeAlexandhisteam?A.Generousyetinefficient. B.Innovativeandcommitted.C.Passionateyetundisciplined. D.Conventionalandcautious.6.WhydidAlexandhisteamexplorewaystorefurbisholdcomputers?A.Toreusethecomputers. B.Toofferhisschoolacourse.C.Torecyclethecomputers. D.Toimprovestudyefficiency.7.Whatisthemainmessageconveyedinthelastsentenceofthepassage?A.Futuree-productsneedtobeeco-friendlier.B.Individualscandrivegreatchangeone-waste.C.E-wasteisapressingconcernfornowandlater.D.Oldelectronicitemsshouldbetreatedproperly.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了AlexLin和他的團隊致力于解決電子廢物管理不當的問題，他們的持續(xù)努力產生了重大的積極影響?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段的“WhenAlexLinwas11yearsold,hecameacrossanalarmingarticleinthenewspaperhighlightingtheimproperhandlingofe-waste,suchasburyingoutdatedcomputersinbackyardsandthrowingcellphonesinthegarbage.Thisisdangerousase-wastecontainspoisonouschemicalsandsubstancesthatcanleakintotheenvironment,gettingintocrops,animals,watersupplies,andevenhumans.(當AlexLin11歲的時候，他在報紙上看到了一篇令人震驚的文章，強調了對電子垃圾的不當處理，比如把過時的電腦埋在后院，把手機扔進垃圾桶。這是很危險的，因為電子垃圾含有有毒的化學物質和物質，可以泄漏到環(huán)境中，進入農作物、動物、供水系統(tǒng)，甚至人類。)”可知，AlexLin對將過時的電腦和手機扔進垃圾桶等不當處理行為感到震驚，即他關心的是電子廢物的管理是不安全的。故選C。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第三段的“Determinedtomakeadifference,AleximmediatelysetupaprojectunderWIN,theorganizationhehadestablishedwithhisfriendstwoyearspriortoaddress,communityissues.TheWINteampublicizedtheireffortsinthelocalnewspaperanddistributednoticestostudents.urgingresidentstobringtheirunwantedelectronicstotheschoolparkinglot.Theysuccessfullycollectedover21,000poundsofe-waste,includingoutdatedcomputersfromtheschoolsystem.Followingthis,theyestablishedapermanente-wastedrop-offcenter.(Alex決心要有所作為，他立即在WIN下建立了一個項目，這個項目是他兩年前和朋友一起建立的，用于解決社區(qū)問題。WIN團隊在當地報紙上宣傳了他們的努力，并向學生分發(fā)了通知。敦促居民將不需要的電子產品帶到學校停車場。他們成功地收集了超過21000磅的電子垃圾，包括來自學校系統(tǒng)的過時電腦。之后，他們建立了一個永久性的電子垃圾投遞中心。)

”，第四段的“Recognizingtheimportanceofreuse,whichisseventimesmoreefficientthanrecycling,Alexandhisteambeganexploringwaystoreturnishtheoldcomputers.Hepersuadedhisschooltointegratecomputerrefurbishmentintothecurriculum,enablingstudentstocollect,restore,anddistribute260computerstochildreninneed.(Alex和他的團隊認識到再利用的重要性，它的效率是回收的七倍，他們開始探索翻新舊電腦的方法。他說服學校將電腦翻新納入課程，使學生能夠收集、修復并將260臺電腦分發(fā)給有需要的兒童。)”和第五段的“Realizingthatadrop-offcenteralonewasnotasustainablesolution,Alextookhiseffortstothestatelevelin2006.Hespokeatthestatehouse,advocatingforanewe-wastebillthatwouldoutlawthedumpingofe-waste.Alongwithothersupporters,heengagedwithlawmakers,presentedslideshows,andgatheredover370signatures.Ultimately,thebillwaspassedintolaw.(Alex意識到，單靠一個接送中心并不是一個可持續(xù)的解決方案，于是在2006年將他的努力擴展到了州一級。他在州議會大廈發(fā)表講話，倡導一項新的電子垃圾法案，該法案將禁止傾倒電子垃圾。他與其他支持者一起，與立法者接觸，播放幻燈片，并收集了370多個簽名。最終，該法案被通過成為法律。)”可知，亞歷克斯和他的團隊通過設立項目、建立接送中心、將電腦翻新納入學校課程、倡導立法改革等方式展示了創(chuàng)新精神，他們通過持續(xù)努力解決電子廢物管理問題并產生重大影響，表明了他們具有解決問題的創(chuàng)新精神并且堅定不移地去解決問題，因此B項“有創(chuàng)新精神的和堅定的”為正確選項。故選B?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段的“Recognizingtheimportanceofreuse,whichisseventimesmoreefficientthanrecycling,Alexandhisteambeganexploringwaystoreturnishtheoldcomputers.Hepersuadedhisschooltointegratecomputerrefurbishmentintothecurriculum,enablingstudentstocollect,restore,anddistribute260computerstochildreninneed.(Alex和他的團隊認識到再利用的重要性，它的效率是回收的七倍，他們開始探索翻新舊電腦的方法。他說服學校將電腦翻新納入課程，使學生能夠收集、修復并將260臺電腦分發(fā)給有需要的兒童。)”可知，Alex和他的團隊意識到再利用的重要性，這比回收更有效，他們翻新電腦，分發(fā)給有需要的兒童，從而延長電子產品的使用壽命，減少浪費。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段的“Today’stechnologyshouldnotbecometomorrow’spoison.(今天的技術不應該成為明天的毒藥。)”可知，該句話強調了安全和負責任地處置電子廢物的重要性，以防止電子產品中發(fā)現的有毒物質對環(huán)境和健康造成危害，即舊的電子產品應該得到妥善處理。故選D。CTheoworksdays,nights,andweekendsinthetulip(郁金香)fieldsintheNetherlandsandnevercomplainsabouttiredmuscles.Howisthispossible?Theo,namedafteraretiredfarmer,isahigh-techrobotinthebattletorootoutdiseasefromthefields.Therobotrollsalongrowsofyellowandredtulips,checkingeachplantand,whennecessary,killingdiseasedbulbs(鱗莖)topreventthespreadofthetulip-breakingvirus(病毒).Thevirusweakensthebulb,leavingthemunabletoflower.Thedeadbulbsareremovedfromhealthyonesinasortingcenteraftertheyhavebeenharvested.Thereare45robotslikeTheoworkinginthetulipfieldsoftheNetherlands.Theirjobbecomesimportantasthewinterturnstospringandpeakseasonnears,whenpeoplecomefromaroundtheworldtoadmirethecolorfulflowers.Inthepast,thisworkwascarriedoutbyknowledgeablefarmers.AllanVisserisathird-generationtulipfarmerwhoisusingtherobot.“Youcouldbuyaverynicesportscarforthepriceoftherobot,”Vissersaid.Therobotcosts185,000euros.“It’salotslowerthanasportscar,rollingoncaterpillartracksthroughfields,”headded.“ButIchoosetherobotbecauseasportscardoesn’tseethesicktulips.Nowtherearefewerandfewerpeoplewhocanreallydothat.”Therobotshavebeentrainedtodetectsickplants.Theyhavecamerasandtakethousandsofphotosofthetulips.TheirAImodelexaminesthephotos,huntingoutsignsonsickplants,anddecideswhichonesneedtobekilled.TheengineerexplainstherobotsuseGPStobesuretheyaredestroyingthecorrecttulips.TheheartofthemachineistheknowledgeputintotheAImodel,whichcomesfromexperiencedtulipfarmerslikeTheovanderVoort,whogavehisnametotherobot.VanderVoortretiredafter52yearsoflookingforsickflowersinhisfields.“It’sfantastic,”hesaid.“ItseesjustasmuchasIsee.”8.Whatdoestherobotdo?A.Plantnewtulips. B.Cleartroubledbulbs.C.Killdeadlyvirus. D.Harvestgrownflowers.9.WhatcanweinferfromVisser’swords?A.Hedreamsofasportscar. B.Tulipfieldsarelowinproduction.C.Therobotisworththecost. D.Farmerslacktechnicalknowledge.10.Whatisthekeytomakingtherobotsworkeffectively?A.GPSsystems. B.High-techcameras.C.Dailytraining. D.Humanknowledge.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Theo’sWatch:AnAdvanceinTulipFarmingB.AlRobots:AReplacementforAgingFarmersC.TulipSeasons:AnAttractionoftheNetherlandsD.Visser’sPractice:ATraditioninTulipBusinesses【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了荷蘭郁金香田中使用的高科技機器人Theo的工作情況，包括其如何檢測并殺死生病的郁金香鱗莖以防止病毒傳播，以及這些機器人在郁金香產業(yè)中的重要性?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第二段“Therobotrollsalongrowsofyellowandredtulips,checkingeachplantand,whennecessary,killingdiseasedbulbs(鱗莖)topreventthespreadofthetulip-breakingvirus(病毒).Thevirusweakensthebulb,leavingthemunabletoflower.Thedeadbulbsareremovedfromhealthyonesinasortingcenteraftertheyhavebeenharvested.(機器人沿著一排排黃色和紅色的郁金香滾動，檢查每棵植物，必要時，殺死患病的鱗莖，以防止郁金香破裂病毒的傳播。病毒削弱了球莖，使它們無法開花。在收獲后，死球莖會在分揀中心從健康球莖中取出。)”可知，機器人Theo在郁金香田中滾動，檢查每株植物，并在必要時殺死生病的鱗莖以防止郁金香破碎病毒的傳播。因此，它的工作是清除有問題的鱗莖。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“AllanVisserisathird-generationtulipfarmerwhoisusingtherobot.“Youcouldbuyaverynicesportscarforthepriceoftherobot,”Vissersaid.Therobotcosts185,000euros.“It’salotslowerthanasportscar,rollingoncaterpillartracksthroughfields,”headded.“ButIchoosetherobotbecauseasportscardoesn’tseethesicktulips.Nowtherearefewerandfewerpeoplewhocanreallydothat.”(AllanVisser是第三代郁金香種植者，他正在使用這個機器人?！澳憧梢杂脵C器人的價格買一輛非常好的跑車，”Visser說。該機器人售價18.5萬歐元?！八扰苘嚶枚?，在田地里的履帶上滾動，”他補充說?！暗疫x擇機器人是因為跑車看不到病態(tài)的郁金香?，F在真正能做到這一點的人越來越少了?！?”可知，從Visser的話中，我們可以推斷出他認為這個機器人是值得這個價格的。他提到雖然機器人的價格相當于一輛很漂亮的跑車，但是跑車并不能看到生病的郁金香，而機器人可以。這暗示了他認為機器人雖然昂貴，但其能夠執(zhí)行的工作和帶來的效益使得這個價格是值得的。故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章第四段“TheirAImodelexaminesthephotos,huntingoutsignsonsickplants,anddecideswhichonesneedtobekilled.TheengineerexplainstherobotsuseGPStobesuretheyaredestroyingthecorrecttulips.TheheartofthemachineistheknowledgeputintotheAImodel,whichcomesfromexperiencedtulipfarmerslikeTheovanderVoort,whogavehisnametotherobot.(他們的人工智能模型檢查照片，尋找生病植物上的跡象，并決定哪些需要殺死。這位工程師解釋說，機器人使用GPS來確保它們摧毀的是正確的郁金香。這臺機器的核心是輸入人工智能模型的知識，這些知識來自于經驗豐富的郁金香種植者，比如TheovanderVoort，他給這臺機器人取了名字。)”可知，機器人的核心是AI模型中的知識，這些知識來自于像TheovanderVoort這樣有經驗的郁金香農民。這表明，使機器人有效工作的關鍵是人類的知識和經驗，它們被輸入到AI模型中，以便機器人能夠準確地檢測和處理生病的郁金香。故選D?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據文章第一段“Theoworksdays,nights,andweekendsinthetulip(郁金香)fieldsintheNetherlandsandnevercomplainsabouttiredmuscles.Howisthispossible?Theo,namedafteraretiredfarmer,isahigh-techrobotinthebattletorootoutdiseasefromthefields.(Theo不分晝夜，連周末都在荷蘭的郁金香地里工作，從不抱怨肌肉疲勞。這怎么可能呢？Theo是以一位退休農民的名字命名的，他是一個高科技機器人，在田地里消滅疾病。)”以及全文內容可知，文章主要介紹了機器人Theo在荷蘭郁金香田中的應用和其在提高生產效率、預防病毒傳播方面的重要性。選項A“Theo’sWatch:AnAdvanceinTulipFarming(Theo的守望：郁金香農業(yè)的進步)”既突出了主角機器人Theo，又表明了它所帶來的農業(yè)進步，最能概括文章的主旨。故選A。DParentsofteenagersoftenviewtheirchildren’sfriendswithdistrust,worryingthattheirchildrenwillbepushedbytheirpeers(同齡人)intodoingsomethingfoolishorevendangerous.Theirworriesholdwater.Inapreviousstudy,psychologistLaurenceSteinbergfoundthatateenagedriverwithasame-agepassengerinthecarisathigherriskoftrafficaccidentsthanonedrivingaloneorwithanadult.Inthefollowingyears,Steinbergexaminedwhyteensweremorelikelytotakerisksinthecompanyofotherteenagers.Inalaterstudy,byscanning(掃描)thebrainsof40teensandadults,Steinbergfoundthebrainsofteenagers,butnotadults,showedgreateractivityintworegionsassociatedwithrewardswhentheywerebeingobservedbysame-agepeers.Therewardsystemsofthebrainareactivatedwheneverpeopleexperiencesomethingrewarding,likeeatinganice-tastingfood,whichmakethemfeelsatisfied.Inthiscase,rewardsaregreaterforteens,whichmotivatesthemtoseekhigher-riskexperiences.ButSteinbergthoughtpeerpressuremightalsohaveitspositiveside.Inthelateststudy,Steinberg’steamusedacardgametoresearchhowpeersaffectthewayyoungpeoplegatherandapplyinformation.Itinvolved101teenageboyswhoplayedeitheraloneorwiththreepeers.Theychosecardsfromfourdecks(牌堆):twodeckshad“good”cards,andtwo“bad”ones.Playerswithpeersweremorewillingtotakerisks,tryingtofigureoutwhichdeckscouldhelpthemtowin.Theresultsshowedthatteensplayingwiththeirpeersengageinmoreexploratorybehavior,learnfasterandachievebetterperformanceonthetaskthanthoseplayingalone.Nowsomeexpertsareproposingthatweshouldtakeadvantageoftheteens’keensensitivity(敏感)tothepresenceoffriendstoimproveeducation.“Risktakinginaneducationalcontextisavitalskillthatenablesprogressandcreativity,”wroteSarah-JayneBlakemore,aprofessoratUniversityCollegeLondon.12.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“holdwater”inparagraph1mean?A.Makesense. B.Facedoubts.C.Bringrelief. D.Startdebates.13.Whatisthereasonbehindteens’dangerousbehavior?A.Inabilitytotellrightfromwrong.B.Asenseofsatisfaction.C.Eagernesstofollowtheirfriends.D.Lackofsocialexperience.14.Howdoesrisk-takingaffectteensinthelateststudy?A.Itstartsfightsbetweenthem.B.Itinspiresthemtoquestion.C.Itweakenstheirindependence.D.Ithelpsthemtolearnbetter.15.WhatwouldBlakemoresuggestteachersdointheclassroom?A.Conductgroupdiscussion.B.Improvetimemanagement.C.Encouragepersonalopinions.D.Developdecision-makingskills.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了青少年與同齡人在一起時更容易冒險的原因，并通過實驗表明同齡人的影響也會促使青少年在學習方面取得更好的表現，專家建議利用青少年對朋友的敏感來促進教育?！?2題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據劃線詞所在句“Parentsofteenagersoftenviewtheirchildren’sfriendswithdistrust,worryingthattheirchildrenwillbepushedbytheirpeersintodoingsomethingfoolishorevendangerous.Theirworriesholdwater.”（青少年的父母往往不信任他們孩子的朋友，擔心他們的孩子會被同齡人慫恿去做一些愚蠢甚至危險的事情。他們的擔憂holdwater。）和下文“Inapreviousstudy,psychologistLaurenceSteinbergfoundthatateenagedriverwithasame-agepassengerinthecarisathigherriskoftrafficaccidentsthanonedrivingaloneorwithanadult.”（在之前的一項研究中，心理學家勞倫斯·斯坦伯格發(fā)現，與單獨駕駛或與成年人駕駛相比，與同齡乘客一起駕駛的青少年司機發(fā)生交通事故的風險更高。）可知，下文用一項研究結論來說明青少年與同齡人在一起時，做一些愚蠢甚至危險的事情，發(fā)生意外的可能性確實更高，所以“父母的擔心是有道理的”，holdwater與makesense意思相近，意為“有道理”。故選A項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“Therewardsystemsofthebrainareactivatedwheneverpeopleexperiencesomethingrewarding,likeeatinganice-tastingfood,whichmakethemfeelsatisfied.Inthiscase,rewardsaregreaterforteens,whichmotivatesthemtoseekhigher-riskexperiences.”（當人們體驗到一些有益的東西時，大腦的獎勵系統(tǒng)就會被激活，比如吃到美味的食物，這會讓他們感到滿足。在這種情況下，青少年獲得的獎勵更大，這促使他們尋求更高風險的體驗。）可知，青少年之所以會有危險行為，是因為他們尋求獎勵，尋求滿足感，所以獲得滿足感是青少年危險行為背后的原因。故選B項?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中“Playerswithpeersweremorewillingtotakerisks,tryingtofigureoutwhichdeckscouldhelpthemtowin.Theresultsshowedthatteensplayingwiththeirpeersengageinmoreexploratorybehavior,learnfasterandachievebetterperformanceonthetaskthanthoseplayingalone.”（有同伴的玩家更愿意冒險，試圖找出哪些牌組可以幫助他們獲勝。結果表明，與同齡人一起玩的青少年比單獨玩的青少年更有探索行為，學習速度更快，在任務中表現更好。）可知，在最新的研究中，有同伴的玩家更愿意冒險，而這種冒險可以幫助青少年學得更快，表現更好。故選D項?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Nowsomeexpertsareproposingthatweshouldtakeadvantageoftheteens’keensensitivity(敏感)

tothepresenceoffriendstoimproveeducation.”（現在，一些專家建議，我們應該利用青少年對朋友在場的敏銳感知來改善教育。）和Blakemore的話“Risktakinginaneducationalcontextisavitalskillthatenablesprogressandcreativity,”（在教育背景下，冒險是一項重要的技能，它能夠促進進步和創(chuàng)造力的發(fā)展。）可推知，Blakemore會建議教師在課堂上進行小組討論等活動，利用青少年對朋友在場的敏銳感知來提高他們的冒險精神和創(chuàng)造力。故選A項。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中兩項為多爾選項。WorldWildlifeDayiscelebratedeachyearonMarch3rd.Thisisadaythathasthegoalofinformingthegeneralpublicabouttheplantsandwildanimalsintheworld.Soyoucandomanythingstocelebratethisday.Asweallknow,littercanbeharmfultobirds,fish,andotherwildlife.Therefore,makeanefforttopickupanylitterthatyousee.___16___Youcanvisitanaquariumorzoonearyou,becauseaquariumsandzooshelpalotwithendangeredspecies,allowingtheirpopulationstoincrease.___17___Thus,WorldWildlifeDayistheperfectdaytopayalocalaquariumorzooavisit.Ifpossible,trytolearnabouttheplantsandwildanimalsnearyou.Youcandosomeresearchaboutlocalwildlife.Youcanalsoresearchsomeofthethreatstotheseplantsandwildanimals.___18___Forexample,ifoneoftheprimarythreatsananimalfacesislitter,besuretodealwithitproperly,andpickupanylitteryousee.Ifyoulike,youcanplantagardenwithnativetree,bushandflowerspecies.___19___Toplanttheminthegardenaccordingly,itisnecessarytodosomeresearchbeforehandontrees,bushesandflowersthatarenativetoyourareaandwheretheywouldgrowbest.___20___Thereareavarietyoforganizationsthathelpwildlifeindifferentways.Ifyouhaveaspecificspeciesthatyou’dliketosupport,orevenifyou’djustliketohelpwildlifeingeneral,theremightbeanorganizationsomewherethatyoucanjoinandassistwiththeirefforts.A.Everyyear,thereisathemeforWorldWildlifeDay.B.Ifthethreattheyfaceiscausedbyhuman,trytohelpreduceit.C.Thesemaybetheonlyplacestofindcertainendangeredanimals.D.Additionally,it’sagoodwaytojoinanorganizationthathelpswildlife.E.Thesecanhelpprovidewildanimalswithaplacewheretheycanshelter.F.Databasesonlinecanhelpusfindtheplantswhicharenativetoourarea.G.Andyou’dbettermakesurethatyoureducetheamountoflitteryoucreate.【答案】16.G17.C18.B19.E20.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章針對如何保護植物和野生動物，介紹了一些具體做法?！?6題詳析】上文“Asweallknow,littercanbeharmfultobirds,fish,andotherwildlife.Therefore,makeanefforttopickupanylitterthatyousee.(眾所周知，垃圾對鳥類、魚類和其他野生動物都是有害的。因此，努力撿起你看到的任何垃圾)”建議撿起你看到的對野生動物有害的任何垃圾，選項G“你最好確保減少你制造的垃圾數量?！背薪由衔?，指出進一步保護野生動物的做法，不僅要撿起垃圾，還要減少制造的垃圾數量。故選G項?！?7題詳析】上文“Youcanvisitanaquariumorzoonearyou,becauseaquariumsandzooshelpalotwithendangeredspecies,allowingtheirpopulationstoincrease.(你可以參觀附近的水族館或動物園，因為水族館和動物園對瀕危物種有很大幫助，使它們的數量增加)”說明你可以參觀附近的水族館或動物園，這些地方可以使瀕危物種數量增加，選項C“這些可能是唯一能找到某些瀕危動物的地方?！背薪由衔?，C項中的“These”指代上文中的“aquariumsandzoos”。故選C項?！?8題詳析】上文“Youcandosomeresearchaboutlocalwildlife.Youcanalsoresearchsomeofthethreatstotheseplantsandwildanimals.(你可以做一些關于當地野生動物的研究。你也可以研究一些對這些植物和野生動物的威脅)”說明你可以對當地植物和野生動物面臨的威脅做一些研究，進而采取一些相應的保護措施，選項B“如果他們面臨的威脅是由人類造成的，試著幫助減少它?！背薪由衔?，研究發(fā)現威脅是人類造成的話，要采取措施減少威脅。故選B項?！?9題詳析】上文“Ifyoulike,youcanplantagardenwithnativetree,bushandflowerspecies.(如果你喜歡，你可以在花園里種上當地的樹木、灌木和花卉)”說明你可以在花園里種上當地的樹木、灌木和花卉，選項E“這些可以為野生動物提供一個可以庇護的地方?！背薪由衔?，E項中的“These”指代上文中的“nativetree,bushandflowerspecies”。故選E項?！?0題詳析】下文“Thereareavarietyoforganizationsthathelpwildlifeindifferentways.Ifyouhaveaspecificspeciesthatyou’dliketosupport,orevenifyou’djustliketohelpwildlifeingeneral,theremightbeanorganizationsomewherethatyoucanjoinandassistwiththeirefforts.(有各種各樣的組織以不同的方式幫助野生動物。如果你有一個特定的物種，你想要支持，或者即使你只是想幫助野生動物，也許在某個地方有一個組織，你可以加入并幫助他們的努力)”說明有各種各樣幫助野生動物的組織，你可以加入其中一個組織，來保護野生動物。選項D“此外，加入一個幫助野生動物的組織也是一個好方法?！币鱿挛?，是對下文的總結。故選D項。第三部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Therehavebeenquiteafewangelsightingsonsocialmedialately.That’sbecauseEricaGroup,anartistinDeLand,Floridadecided—inamomentofinspiration—toetch(蝕刻)agiantpairof___21___ontothesideofalocal___22___.Forseveralyears,Ericahasbeen___23___atasmalldressshopindowntownDeLand.The___24___storeislocatednexttoanalley(小巷)thatservesasabackgroundforphotosEricaandhercolleaguestakeoftheirnewclothes.Oneafternoon,Ericawasstruckbya(n)___25___tofillthealley’swallwithapairoffeatheredwings.Shegot___26___fromtheownerofTheWestVolusiaBeaconnewspaperto___27___herpieceofartworkonthepaper’sbuildingandpostedthepictureofthefinished___28___onsocialmedia.___29___,itjuststartedspreading.Peoplekeptcomingintothestore,askingEricaandhercolleagueswherethewingswereandtakingtheirownpictures.Theownerofthebuildingquickly____30____thetendency(趨勢)andaskedEricatomakethewings____31____replacingchalkwithpaint.Sincethen,morethan1,400peoplehavehadtheirpicturestakenwiththewings,usually____32____themonTwitter,InstagramandMeta.“It’sbecomeacooltreasure-huntintown,”Ericasays.“Wingsare____33____inthisalley.Often,anumberofpeoplecometoaskabouttheir____34____.”Theartistwantsthewingstobe____35____howeverpeoplewish.Despitethevariousexplanations,theycertainlyseemtobeinspiringpeopleandbringingabitofjoytoErica’shometown.21.A.gloves B.pants C.wings D.feathers22.A.business B.custom C.library D.school23.A.exploring B.resting C.shopping D.working24.A.special B.tiny C.cool D.popular25.A.comment B.order C.fact D.idea26.A.permission B.attention C.advice D.praise27.A.stick B.describe C.chalk D.color28.A.article B.product C.photograph D.program29.A.However B.Besides C.Otherwise D.Soon30.A.madeupfor B.caughtonto C.brokeawayfrom D.ranoutof31.A.interesting B.famous C.lasting D.natural32.A.sharing B.introducing C.advertising D.editing33.A.hidden B.covered C.lost D.ignored34.A.history B.meaning C.influence D.location35.A.remembered B.understood C.created D.drawn【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.D26.A27.C28.B29.D30.B31.C32.A33.A34.D35.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報道。文章講述了藝術家EricaGroup在佛羅里達州德蘭的一處建筑上創(chuàng)作了一對巨大的天使翅膀，這個作品迅速在社交媒體上走紅，吸引了許多人前來拍照，給Erica的家鄉(xiāng)帶來了一些樂趣和靈感?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是因為佛羅里達州德蘭的一位藝術家艾麗卡·格魯普在靈感迸發(fā)的那一刻，決定在當地一家企業(yè)的側面刻上一對巨大的翅膀。A.gloves手套；B.pants褲子；C.wings翅膀；D.feathers羽毛；根據下文“fillthealley’swallwithapairoffeatheredwings”可知，艾麗卡想要畫一對翅膀，故選C項?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.business企業(yè)；B.custom風俗；C.library圖書館；D.school學校；根據下文“fromtheownerofTheWestVolusiaBeaconnewspaperto__7__herpieceofartworkonthepaper’sbuilding”可知，艾麗卡是在一家企業(yè)大樓上畫翅膀，故選A項?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幾年來，艾麗卡一直在德蘭市中心的一家小服裝店工作。A.exploring探索；B.resting休息；C.shopping購物；D.working工作；根據下文“Ericaandhercolleaguestakeoftheirnewclothes.”可知，艾麗卡是在一家服裝店工作，故選D項?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這家小店位于一條小巷旁邊，這條小巷是艾麗卡和她的同事為新衣服拍照的背景。A.special特殊的；B.tiny小的；C.cool酷的；D.popular流行的；根據上文“asmalldressshopindowntownDeLand”可知，這家服裝店很小，故選B項?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一天下午，艾麗卡突然有了一個想法，想要在小巷的墻上畫一對羽毛翅膀。A.comment評論；B.order命令；C.fact事實；D.idea想法；根據下文“fillthealley’swallwithapairoffeatheredwings”可知，艾麗卡有了一個想法，故選D項?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她從TheWestVolusiaBeacon報紙的老板那里得到了許可，在這家報紙的大樓上用粉筆創(chuàng)作她的藝術作品。A.permission許可；B.attention注意力；C.advice建議；D.praise贊揚；根據下文“fromtheownerofTheWestVolusiaBeaconnewspaperto__7__herpieceofartworkonthepaper’sbuilding”可知，此處表示艾麗卡得到了老板的許可，故選A項?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.stick粘貼；B.describe描述；C.chalk用粉筆寫；D.color著色；根據下文“rep