Section

ⅡReading

and

ThinkingLanguagesAroundTheWorld詞匯認(rèn)知重點單詞1.systemn.

體系;制度;系統(tǒng)

2.

despite

prep.即使;盡管

3.factorn.

因素;要素

4.

bone

n.骨頭;骨(質(zhì))

5.

carve

vt.&vi.雕刻

6.dynastyn.

王朝;朝代

7.

major

adj.主要的;重要的;大的

n.主修課程;主修學(xué)生vi.主修;專門研究8.

classic

adj.傳統(tǒng)的;最優(yōu)秀的;典型的

n.經(jīng)典作品;名著9.

regard

n.尊重;關(guān)注vt.把……視為;看待

10.

character

n.文字;符號;角色;品質(zhì);特點

11.calligraphyn.

書法;書法藝術(shù)

12.affairn.

公共事物;事件;關(guān)系

13.specificadj.

特定的;明確的;具體的

詞匯拓展1.basevt.以……為據(jù)點;以……為基礎(chǔ)n.底部;根據(jù)→

based

adj.以(某事)為基礎(chǔ)的;以……為重要部分(或特征)的

2.symboln.符號;象征→

symbolise

vt.象征;是……的象征;代表

3.varietyn.(植物、語言等的)變體;異體;多樣化→

vary

vi.變化;不同→

various

adj.各種不同的;各種各樣的

4.globaladj.全球的;全世界的→

globe

n.球體;球狀物

5.appreciatevt.欣賞;重視;感激;領(lǐng)會vi.增值→appreciation

n.欣賞;感激重點短語1.beknown

for

因……而出名

2.upsand

downs

浮沉;興衰;榮辱

3.

at

thebeginning起初

4.date

back

(to...)追溯到

5.lead

to

導(dǎo)致

6.

of

greatimportance十分重要

7.playarole

in

在……中起作用

閱讀自測Step1

FastReading一、快速瀏覽課文,將段落與其主旨大意相匹配Paragraph1

a.TheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.Paragraph2 b.TheChinesewritingsystemdevelopedintodifferentforms.Paragraph3 c.WrittenChineseconnectedtheChina’spastanditspresent.Paragraph4 d.TheChinesewritingsystemisstillplayinganimportantpart

inChineseculture.Paragraph5 e.WrittenChinesebeganasapicture-basedlanguage.Paragraph6 f.TheChinesewritingsystemisoneofthemainfactorsthat

havehelpedChinaasawell-knownancientcivilisation.Step2

DetailedReading二、根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容,判斷正誤(T

for

True,F

for

False)1.Chinahasgonethroughmanyupsanddownsinitshistory.(

T

)2.AncientChinesepeoplecarvedsymbolsonanimalbonesandshells,butthesesymbolshavedisappearedintoday’shanzi.(

F

)3.TherewasatimewhenmanykindsofdialectsandcharactersappearedinancientChina.(

T

)4.AlthoughChinesepeoplespeakdifferentdialects,theyhavenodifficultycommunicatingwitheachother.(

T

)5.TheChinesewritingsystemisrespectedsothatChinesecalligraphyhasbecomepartofChineseculture.(

T

)6.NowtheparttheChinesewritingsystemplaysinChinaisnotsoimportantasbefore.(

F

)詞匯精講1.【教材原文】Chinaiswidelyknownforitsancientcivilisationwhichhascontinuedallthewaythroughintomoderntimes,despitethemanyupsanddownsinitshistory.(page62)盡管歷史跌宕起伏,中國因其古代文明一直延續(xù)至今而聞名于世?？键cdespiteprep.即使;盡管despite=in

spite

of,后面搭配名詞、動詞-ing形式或名詞性從句;而though,although是連詞,引導(dǎo)狀語從句語境領(lǐng)悟(1)Theirmindsarebrightdespitetheirdirtyhandsandclothes.盡管他們的手臟衣服臟,但是他們的思想很陽光。(2)Inspiteofmyeffortsatfinishingthetask,Ifailedatlast.盡管我努力完成任務(wù),但是我最后還是失敗了。學(xué)以致用同義句轉(zhuǎn)換(1)Althoughtheweatherwasbad,theyplayedhappilyintheopenair.→

Despite

the

bad

weather

,theyplayedhappilyintheopenair.

(2)Inspiteofthefactthatthefilmisinteresting,Idon’tlikeit.→Though/Althoughthefilmisinteresting,Idon’tlikeit.單句語法填空(3)

Despite

whatotherssay,hethinksitisworthreading.(4)

Although/Though

whatotherssayannoyedhim,hestillcarriedouttheplan.

2.【教材原文】Itdatesbackseveralthousandyearstotheuseoflonggu...(page62)它可以追溯到數(shù)千年前使用龍骨的時期……考點dateback常和to搭配,意為“追溯到;始于”,相當(dāng)于datefrom,無被動語態(tài),且多用于一般現(xiàn)在時中out

of

date

過時的up

to

date

最新的;時新的to

date

迄今為止;到目前為止語境領(lǐng)悟(1)MostoftheGreatWalldatesbacktotheMingDynasty.長城的大部分始建于明朝。(2)Theseideasseemoutofdate.這些想法似乎過時了。(3)Thismodelofcellphoneisthenewestandmostuptodate.這一款手機是最新的,也是最時尚的。(4)Thegirlhaslearned300Tangpoemstodate.到目前為止這個女孩已學(xué)了300首唐詩。學(xué)以致用用date短語的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Theoldteachingmethodsare

out

of

date

andshouldbechanged.

(2)Thetradition

dates

back

to/dates

from

the16thcentury.

(3)Ihavemanybooks

to

date

,butnoneofthemare

up

to

date

;theywereboughtmanyyearsago.

3.【教材原文】Overtheyears,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically,leadingtomanyvarietiesofdialectsandcharacters.(page62)在隨后的年代里,這一體系發(fā)展成不同的形式,這是由于當(dāng)時中國人居住地域的分隔,從而導(dǎo)致不同方言和漢字變體的產(chǎn)生?？键c一varietyn.(植物、語言等的)變體;異體;多樣化a

variety

of/varieties

of

多種多樣的;形形色色的vary

vi.變化;不同various

adj.各種不同的;各種各樣的語境領(lǐng)悟(1)Applescomeinagreatmanyvarieties.蘋果的品種繁多。(2)Theshopoffersavarietyof/varietiesofgoods.這個商店提供豐富多樣的貨物。(3)Thepricesofvegetablesvarywiththeseason.蔬菜的價格隨著季節(jié)而變化。(4)TherearevariouswaysofcookingdishesinChina.在中國有各種各樣的烹調(diào)菜肴的方法?？键c二charactern.文字;符號;角色;品質(zhì);特點語境領(lǐng)悟(1)MrBrowndoesn’tknowChinesecharacters.布朗先生不認(rèn)識中國漢字。(2)ThisTVplayincludesmanycharacters.這部電視劇包括許多角色。(3)Theoutdooractivitiesareusefulforcharacterbuilding.這些戶外活動對性格塑造有益。學(xué)以致用單句語法填空(1)Peoplehavetoface

various

(vary)choicesintheirwholelife.

(2)Giftgiverscanchoosefromawide

variety

(vary)ofusefulbutinexpensivethings.

(3)Anewvarietyofrice

is

(be)beingdevelopednow.

(4)Theweathertherevaries

from

onehour

to

another.

寫出下列畫線單詞的漢語意思(5)Thetwocharactersheplayedinthemoviearetwins.(

角色

)(6)Thereisaserioussidetohercharacter.(

性格

)(7)Thewholecharacteroftheschoolhaschangedsinceanewteachingmethodisintroduced.(

特色

)(8)Chinesecharactershavealonghistory.(

文字

)4.【教材原文】ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.(page62)這個書寫體系對于中國人民與中國文化的統(tǒng)一具有非凡的意義?？键cbeofgreatimportance=beveryimportant非常重要的be

of+抽象名詞=be+同根形容詞(2)“be+of+n.”結(jié)構(gòu)的否定形式一般為“be+of+no+n.”be

of

no

use=be

useless(3)be

of后還可以接表示大小、度量、年齡、顏色、形狀、種類等的名詞be

of...size/weight/age/colour/shape/kind語境領(lǐng)悟(1)Thebookhegavemeisofgreatvalue.他給我的書非常有價值。(2)Thetwochildrenareofthesameage,butofdifferentheights.這兩個孩子年齡一樣,但身高不同。學(xué)以致用同義句轉(zhuǎn)換(1)TheTVprogrammeisveryusefulineducatingchildren.→TheTVprogrammeis

of

great/much

use

ineducatingchildren.

(2)Thescientist’swonderfuldiscoveryisofgreatimportancetosociety.→Thescientist’swonderfuldiscoveryisveryimportant

tosociety.

完成句子(3)這本詞典對我的英語學(xué)習(xí)幫助很大。Thedictionaryis

of

great/much

help

tomyEnglishstudy.

(4)這些硬幣大小一樣,但顏色不同。Thesecoinsare

of

the

same

size

but

of

different

colours

.

5.【教材原文】WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmeansbywhichChina’spresentisconnectedwithitspast.(page62)漢字也成為連接中國現(xiàn)在與過去的一個重要媒介?？键cmeansn.方式;方法;途徑;手段(單復(fù)數(shù)同形)by

means

of

借助……手段;依靠……方法by

all

means

可以;當(dāng)然行;沒問題by

no

means

決不;一點也不(用于句首,句子主語和謂語部分用不完全倒裝語序)語境領(lǐng)悟(1)WeChatisameansofcommunication.微信是一種通訊方式。(2)Wecansucceedbymeansofhardwork.通過努力工作我們能成功。(3)—Couldyouhelpmewithmymaths?—Byallmeans.——你能幫我學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)嗎?——當(dāng)然可以了。(4)Hebynomeansgaveuphisplan.=Bynomeansdidhegiveuphisplan.他決不會放棄他的計劃。學(xué)以致用單句語法填空(1)Thoughtsareexpressed

by

meansofwords.

(2)All

means

(mean)havebeentried.

(3)

By

nomeanswasheabletohandleit.

(4)Everypossiblemeans

has

been

used

(use)sofar.

6.【教材原文】ThehighregardfortheChinesewritingsystemcanbeseeninthedevelopmentofChinesecharactersasanartform,knownasChinesecalligraphy,whichhasbecomeanimportantpartofChineseculture.(page62)中國人對于漢字書寫體系推崇備至,這體現(xiàn)在漢字發(fā)展為一種藝術(shù)形式——書法。書法已經(jīng)成為中國文化的一個重要組成部分?？键cregardn.尊重;關(guān)注(用復(fù)數(shù)形式表示問候;致意)

vt.把……視為;看待regard...as...

把……看作;認(rèn)為……是with/in

regard

to

sth關(guān)于某事語境領(lǐng)悟(1)Thevillagersholdhiminhighregard.村民們都很尊敬他。(2)Pleasegivemyregardstoyourfamily.請代我向你的家人問好。(3)Neverregardstudyasaburden.絕對不要把學(xué)習(xí)視為一種負(fù)擔(dān)。(4)With/Inregardtohissuggestions,we’lldiscussthemfully.關(guān)于他的建議,我們將充分討論它們。學(xué)以致用單句語法填空(1)Theyoungmanwhosavedtheboyindangerwasregarded

as

ahero.

(2)Pleasesendmybest

regards

(regard)toyourparents.完成句子(3)關(guān)于你的問題,我將隨后談?wù)?。I’lltalkaboutitlater

with/in

regard

to

yourquestion.

(4)她對她的老師非常敬重。Shehad

high

regard

for

herteachers.

7.【教材原文】AsChinaplaysagreaterroleinglobalaffairs,anincreasingnumberofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChina’scultureandhistorythroughthisamazinglanguage.(page62)隨著中國在全球事務(wù)中扮演著更為重要的角色,越來越多的國際學(xué)生開始通過漢語這一奇妙的語言了解和欣賞中國的文化和歷史?？键c一affairn.公共事務(wù);事件;關(guān)系辨析:affair,matter,event,businessaffair可用于描述嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真的公共或政治事務(wù),也可描述與個人生活密切相關(guān)的小事;matter通常指客觀存在的或有待處理的問題;event通常指“重要事件,大事,賽事”;business一般指公事、正事或商業(yè)事務(wù)。語境領(lǐng)悟(1)Foreignaffairsareofgreatimportancetoacountry.外交事務(wù)對一個國家極其重要。(2)Afewmattersneedtobedealtwithatourclassmeeting.班會上我們需要處理幾件事情。(3)Canyouremembertheeventswhichhappenedlastyear?你能記起發(fā)生在去年的大事嗎?(4)It’snoneofyourbusiness.這不關(guān)你的事?？键c二appreciatevt.欣賞;重視;感激;領(lǐng)會vi.增值appreciate

sb’s/one’s

doing

sth

感激/感謝某人做某事I

would

appreciate

it

if...

假如……我將不勝感激。語境領(lǐng)悟(1)Mostofherstudentsappreciateherbecauseherteachingissowellorganisedandclear.大多數(shù)學(xué)生都很欣賞她,因為她的課非常有條理,非常清晰。(2)I’dappreciateitifyoucouldturntheradiodown.如果你能把收音機音量調(diào)小的話,我將不勝感激。學(xué)以致用用affair,matter,event,business的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Accordingtothetimetable,thetrackandfield

events

willtakeplacethisafternoon.

(2)Ididn’tseeMrLi,forhehadleftforParison

business

.(3)Althoughwe’regoodfriends,Idon’tknowmuchaboutherprivate

affairs

.

(4)Tom,Ihaveaserious

mattertotalkaboutwithyou.單句語法填空(5)Ireallyappreciateyour

giving

(give)mesomuchhelp.

(6)I’dappreciate

it

ifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.

(7)Iwishtoexpressmy

appreciation

(appreciate)foryourkindness.

句型剖析1.【教材原文】Overtheyears,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically,leadingtomanyvarietiesofdialectsandcharacters.(page62)在隨后的年代里,這一體系發(fā)展成不同的形式,這是由于當(dāng)時中國人居住地域的分隔,從而導(dǎo)致不同方言和漢字變體的產(chǎn)生。句法分析句中as引導(dǎo)的是原因狀語從句;as引導(dǎo)的從句中含有一個由關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞atime。This/That/It/Therewasatimewhen...“曾經(jīng)有一段時間……”,為固定句式;leadingto...動詞-ing形式短語做狀語,表示自然而然的結(jié)果。語境領(lǐng)悟(1)Therewasatimewhengirlscouldn’tgotoschool.曾幾何時,女孩不能上學(xué)。(2)Itwasatimewhenhewascrazyaboutoutdooractivities.曾經(jīng)有一段時間