UNIT5

LANGUAGESAROUNDTHEWORLDPeriodThree

DiscoveringUsefulStructures&ListeningandTalking課前自主預(yù)習(xí)1．放棄 _____________________2．不再 _____________________3．觀點(diǎn)；看法 _____________________4．a(chǎn)sif _____________________5．reachthegoal _____________________6．fightfor _____________________7．bytheway _____________________giveupnolongerpointofview好像達(dá)到目標(biāo)為……而戰(zhàn)斗順便說一句RestrictiveRelativeClauses(2)

限制性定語從句(2)1．Therearemanyreasons________thishasbeenpossible,butoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.2．Overtheyears,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,asitwasatime________peopleweredividedgeographicallyleadingtomanyvarietiesofdialectsandcharacters.3．EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountry________theChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.4．Itdatesbackseveralthousandyearstotheuseoflonggu—animalbonesandshells________whichsymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.5．WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmeans________whichChina'spresentisconnectedwithitspast.【答案】1.why

2.when

3.where

4.on

5.by課堂新知講練struggle

n．&vi.斗爭(zhēng)；奮斗；搏斗Paraphrase:totryextremelyhardtoachievesomething;alonghardfight(P64)WhenIstartedstudyingGerman,itwasastruggle.當(dāng)我開始學(xué)習(xí)德語時(shí)，那是一場(chǎng)斗爭(zhēng)?！居梅ㄔ斀狻縃estruggledtoovercomehisshortcomings.他努力克服缺點(diǎn)。Shestruggledfortheindependenceofhercountryallherlife.她為自己祖國(guó)的獨(dú)立而奮斗終生。Hestruggledagainst/withtheenemiesandeventuallydrovethemoff.他同敵人進(jìn)行搏斗，最后把他們趕走了。Hewasbadlyinjuredintheaccident,butstruggledtohisfeet.他在事故中受傷嚴(yán)重，但還是掙扎著站了起來。[針對(duì)練習(xí)]語段填空What’sthemeaningoflife?Somepeople(1)________________________muchmoney;somepeople(2)________________theirowncareerinaspecificarea.Butforme,I’ll(3)________________myclassmatesforourfuture,whichisthemostmeaningfullifetous.生命的意義是什么？有些人努力掙錢，有些人在特定的領(lǐng)域里為自己的事業(yè)而奮斗。但對(duì)我來說，我會(huì)和我的同學(xué)一起為我們的未來而奮斗，這對(duì)我們來說是最有意義的生活。【答案】(1)struggletoearn/make

(2)strugglefor(3)strugglewith

句式解讀(P64)．..themoreIlearntofalanguage,themoremybrainwouldgrow.我對(duì)一門語言的了解越多，我的大腦就越發(fā)達(dá)?！揪涫狡饰觥勘揪渲械摹皌hemore...,themore...”為“the＋比較級(jí)．..，the＋比較級(jí)．..”句型，意為“越……，越……”，表示后者隨著前者的變化而變化。【考點(diǎn)提煉】(1)“the＋比較級(jí)．..,the＋比較級(jí)．..”句型意為“越……，越……”。第一個(gè)“the＋比較級(jí)．..”相當(dāng)于條件狀語從句，表程度；第二個(gè)“the＋比較級(jí)．..”相當(dāng)于主句，表結(jié)果；(2)“比較級(jí)＋and＋比較級(jí)”也表示“越來越……”。Themoreyoupractise,thebetteryourspokenEnglishwillbe.你練習(xí)得越多，你的英語口語就會(huì)越好。Myhometownisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.我的家鄉(xiāng)正在變得越來越美。[針對(duì)練習(xí)]完成句子(1)________________youstudy,________________________youwillmake.你學(xué)習(xí)越努力，進(jìn)步就越大。(2)Tombecomes____________________________now.湯姆現(xiàn)在變得越來越自信。【答案】(1)Theharder；thegreaterprogress(2)moreandmoreconfident突破語法③EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.④Itdatesbackseveralthousandyearstotheuseoflonggu—animalbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.⑤WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmeansbywhichChina'spresentisconnectedwithitspast.【我的領(lǐng)悟】1．句①②③中畫線部分為關(guān)系________why，when，where引導(dǎo)的定語從句，關(guān)系詞在從句中作________。2．句④⑤中畫線部分為________加關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)的定語從句。Keys：1.副詞；狀語2.介詞關(guān)系副詞功能先行詞where指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語表地點(diǎn)的名詞：place，house，city，country，world，street等及一些表示抽象地點(diǎn)的名詞，如point，case，position，condition，situation等why指原因或理由，在定語從句中作原因狀語表原因的名詞：reason，excuse等IcannotforgetthedaywhenIfirstsawyou.我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記第一次見到你的日子。Thisisthehousewheretheylivedaweekago.這是一個(gè)星期前他們住過的房子。ThereasonwhyIdon'ttrusthimisthatheoftentellslies.我不信任他的原因是他常常撒謊。二、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句注意事項(xiàng)表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)及原因的名詞作先行詞時(shí)，定語從句可用關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，也可用關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)。若先行詞在定語從句中作狀語時(shí)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞；若先行詞在定語從句中作主語或賓語時(shí)，則應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞。Doyourememberthedayswhenwechattedwitheachotherallnight?你還記得我們整夜聊天的那些日子嗎？Doyourememberthedaysthat/whichwespentstudyingtogetherintheclassroom?你還記得我們?cè)诮淌乙黄饘W(xué)習(xí)的那些日子嗎？Idon'tknowthereasonwhyhedidn'tturntohisgoodfriendforhelpyesterday.我不知道昨天他為什么沒向他的好朋友求助。Wewon'tacceptthereasonthat/whichyouhavegiven.我們堅(jiān)決不接受你給出的那個(gè)理由。Canyourecognizethehousewhereyouusedtolivewithyourparents?你能認(rèn)出你過去和父母一起住的房子嗎？Canyourecognisethehousethat/whichTomsoldthreeyearsago?你能認(rèn)出湯姆三年前賣的那座房子嗎？【拓展提升】三、“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句1．當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時(shí)，我們通常用“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句。如果指“人”，用“介詞＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介詞＋which”。2．選用介詞的依據(jù)：①根據(jù)定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的搭配習(xí)慣(即固定短語)。YesterdaywevisitedtheWestLakeforwhichHangzhouisfamous.昨天我們參觀了西湖，杭州因其而出名。②根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習(xí)慣(約定俗成，不一定是短語)。Thisisthecamerawithwhichheoftentakesphotos.這就是他經(jīng)常用來拍照的相機(jī)。Theoldwomanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowisafamousartist.剛才和與你們說話的老太太是一位著名的藝術(shù)家。③根據(jù)句子的意思來選擇。Mycomputer,withoutwhichIcan'tsurftheInternet,brokedownyesterday.昨天我的電腦壞了，沒有它我不能上網(wǎng)。④表示“所有”關(guān)系或“整體中的一部分”時(shí)，通常用介詞of。Ihavetenbooks,halfofwhichwerewrittenbyMoYan.我有10本書，其中一半是莫言寫的。Theoldmanhastwosons,bothofwhomarelawyers.這位老人有兩個(gè)兒子，他們兩個(gè)都是律師。注意：在定語從句中，有一些含介詞的動(dòng)詞短語不可拆開使用，如lookafter,lookfor等不能把介詞移至which或whom之前。Thebabieswhomthenursesarelookingafterareveryhealthy.(正)Thebabiesafterwhomthenursesarelookingareveryhealthy.(誤)由護(hù)士照顧的嬰兒都很健康。□追蹤練習(xí)單句語法填空1．Wevisitedthehouse________thefamousscientistoncelived.2．Thephotoremindedmeofthedays________Iplayedhide－and－seekwithmysisters.3．Thisistheprimaryschool________whichbothmybrotherandIstayedforsixyears.4．Itwasaperiod________theymetveryfrequently.5．Wehavecometoapoint________everyonehasdifferentopinionsanditisdifficulttoreachanagreement.6．Oneofthereasons________hewasrefusedintheinterviewwasthathisspokenEnglishwasterrible.7．I'llneverforgetthetime________wespenttogetherinthearmycamp.8．I'llneverforgettheday________IjoinedtheLeague.9．MissLiuisanexcellentteacher________whomIhavelearnedalot.10．TheSmithshavetwochildren,bothof________workinNewYork.【答案】1.where

2.when

3.in

4.when

5.where

6.why

7.that/which

8.when

9.from

10.whom隨堂知能小練Ⅰ.請(qǐng)指出下列單詞哪些屬于英式英語(BrE)，哪些屬于美式英語(AmE)①petrol②gas③candy④sweet⑤toilet⑥r(nóng)estroom⑦h(yuǎn)onor⑧honour⑨mum⑩mom?apartment?flat?semester?term?subway?underground1．BrE：_________________________________________2．AmE：________________________________________【答案】1.①④⑤⑧⑨???

2.②③⑥⑦⑩???Ⅱ.用含有關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句合并下列句子1．I'llneverforgetthedays.Westudiedtogetherthen.→______________________________________________【答案】I'llneverforgetthedayswhenwestudiedtogether.2．Givemeonegoodreason.Ishouldhelpyouforthereason.→______________________________________________【答案】GivemeonegoodreasonwhyIshouldhelpyou.3．SheisgoingtoliveinChina.ShehassomeclosefriendsinChina.→______________________________________________【答案】SheisgoingtoliveinChinawhereshehassomeclosefriends.4．Gonearethedays.Farmerslivedinthepoorhousesinthosedays.→______________________________________________【答案】Gonearethedayswhenfarmerslivedinthepoorhouses.5．Thehousehasbeenrebuilt.Ilivedinthehousetenyearsago.→______________________________________________【答案】ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenrebuilt.6．Wecanalwaysfindsomeexcuses.Wegiveuptryingfortheseexcuses.→______________________________________________【答案】Wecanalwaysfindsomeexcuseswhywegiveuptryingfor.7．YesterdayIpaidavisittothehouse.Myparentsoncelivedinthehouse.→______________________________________________【答案】YesterdayIpaidavisittothehousewheremyparentsoncelived.8．Canyoutellmethereason?Yousoldyournewcarforthereason.→______________________________________________【答案】Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyousoldyournewcar?9．Iwillneverforgetthoseyears.Weworkedonthefarmtogetherinthoseyears.→______________________________________________【答案】Iwillneverforgetthoseyearswhenweworked