【英語】初中英語短語動(dòng)詞解題技巧及練習(xí)題含解析一、短語動(dòng)詞1．Therewasarainstormyesterday.Theflood_______theoldbridgeoverthesmallriver.

A.

washedaway

B.

wentaway

C.

keptaway

D.

ranaway

【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：昨天有一場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨。洪水沖走了小河上的舊橋。washaway沖走；goaway離開；keepaway使遠(yuǎn)離；runaway逃跑。根據(jù)句意，故答案為A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析，熟記與away構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語，在理解句意的基礎(chǔ)上判斷答案。2．I

astoneinadarkstreetandhurtmyknees.A.

fellover

B.

felloff

C.

fellaway【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：我在黑暗中被一塊石頭……，弄傷了我的膝蓋。A.被絆倒；B.從……落下；C.離開，消瘦。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。3．---WhoisDavelooking______?---Hismother.She'sbeeninhospitalforafewdays.A.

for

B.

after

C.

at

D.

up【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：——Dave在照顧誰？——他媽媽，她住院好幾天了。lookafter照顧；lookfor尋找；lookat看；lookup查找。根據(jù)inhospital可知選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查介詞辨析，牢記look的固定搭配。4．Ifyouwanttoknowmoreaboutspace,please___________thebookABriefHistoryofTime.A.

lookthrough

B.

lookaround

C.

lookafter

D.

lookdownupon【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：如果你想多了解太空，請(qǐng)瀏覽《時(shí)間簡(jiǎn)史》這本書。lookthrough瀏覽；lookaround環(huán)顧四周；lookafter照顧；lookdownupon瞧不起。根據(jù)句意，故答案為A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。熟記短語，理解句意，根據(jù)語境判斷選項(xiàng)。5．Pleasekeepstill,orIcan'tcutyourhair.It'sdangerous.A.

don'tcome

B.

don'tmove

C.

don'tbelate【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：請(qǐng)不要?jiǎng)?，不然我不能給你剪頭發(fā)，很危險(xiǎn)。keepstill靜止不動(dòng)；A.別來；B.別動(dòng)；C.別遲到。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞短語的意思。6．Wearegettingready__________Christmas.A.

to

B.

with

C.

for

D.

of【答案】C【解析】【分析】getreadyfor……為固定短語，意為“為……做準(zhǔn)備”?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查介詞辨析和固定搭配。7．Infact,manycountrieshave_____someeffective（有效的）policiestocontrolthepopulation.A.

carryout

B.

takenout

C.

carriedout

D.

thoughtout【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：實(shí)際上，許多國(guó)家已經(jīng)采取了有效政策控制人口。carryout實(shí)施；施行。takeout取出；thinkout想出。根據(jù)have可知用過去分詞，故選C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞短語。8．一Canyouguesswhenthestorytookplace?一In1990,right?A.

waswritten

B.

happened

C.

ended【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：——你能猜猜這個(gè)故事發(fā)生在什么時(shí)候嗎？——在1990年，對(duì)嗎？takeplace發(fā)生；waswritten被寫；happen發(fā)生；end結(jié)束。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。9．一Bobisn'tathome.Thenwhereishe?一SorryIhavenoideawherehe'sgone.A.

don'tknow

B.

remember

C.

don'tcare【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：——Bob不在家，那么他在哪兒呢？——對(duì)不起，我不知道他去哪兒了。havenoidea不知道。故選A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞短語。10．Wemustplantmoretreesafterwe_______everyyear.

A.

cutoffthem

B.

cutthemoff

C.

cutdownthem

D.

cutthemdown【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：我們必須每年在砍掉樹木之后種植更多的樹。cutoff切斷；cutdown砍倒。根據(jù)前文的trees可知砍伐樹木用cutdown，作賓語的代詞them應(yīng)放在cut與副詞down之間，故答案為D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析及動(dòng)詞短語的用法：“及物動(dòng)詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語在跟代詞作賓語時(shí)，代詞放在動(dòng)詞后副詞前11．Thestreetwillbefloodedwhenitrainsheavily.A.

filledwithcars

B.

filledwithpeople

C.

filledwithwater【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：當(dāng)雨下得太大時(shí)，這條街會(huì)被淹沒。flood譯為“淹沒”；A.裝滿了車；B.裝滿了人；C.裝滿了水。結(jié)合句意選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。12．It'ssixo'clock．It'stimetogetup．Please

．

A.

wakeuphim

B.

wakehimup

C.

heatuphim

D.

heathimup【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：6點(diǎn)了，該起床了，請(qǐng)把他叫醒。wakeup叫醒；heatup加熱?！凹拔飫?dòng)詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語在跟代詞作賓語是，注意代詞放在動(dòng)詞后副詞前，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞短語13．Whenyouvisitamuseum,youshould___________theinstructions.A.

comparewith

B.

lookforwardto

C.

payattentionto

D.

tryout【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：當(dāng)你參觀博物館的時(shí)候，你應(yīng)該注意說明。comparewith比較；lookforwardto盼望；payattentionto注意；tryout試驗(yàn)。根據(jù)句意故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。14．---Areyougoingtohaveaparttimejobduringthesummervacation?---Yes.IthinkIshouldn'talways______myparentssinceI'vegrownup.A.

fightagainst

B.

arguewith

C.

hearfrom

D.

dependon【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：——你暑假要做兼職嗎？——是的，我認(rèn)為既然我已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)大了，我不應(yīng)該總是依靠父母。dependon依靠；取決于；fightagainst與……打架；arguewith與某人爭(zhēng)論；hearfrom收到……來信。故選D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。15．——Whenareyougoingto

forShanghai?

——Tomorrowmorning.

A.

getoff

B.

turnoff

C.

takeoff

D.

setoff【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：——你打算什么時(shí)候動(dòng)身去上海？——明天早上。getoff下車；turnoff關(guān)掉；takeoff脫下；setoff出發(fā)；動(dòng)身。故選D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。16．It'snotagoodhabitto_______whatyoucandotodaytilltomorrow.A.

takeoff

B.

putoff

C.

getoff【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：把今天能做的事推遲到明天去做不是一個(gè)好習(xí)慣。A脫掉，B推遲，C下車，根據(jù)whatyoucandotodaytilltomorrow，可知是推遲，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析，注意根據(jù)whatyoucandotodaytilltomorrow的語境選擇合適的用法。17．—Thechildreninruralareashavefewbookstoread.Let's______somebookstothem.—Great,itisagoodidea.A.

giveaway

B.

handout

C.

takeout

D.

putout【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：--在農(nóng)村地區(qū)的孩子們有很少的書去閱讀。讓我們捐贈(zèng)一些書給他們吧。分析選項(xiàng)：giveaway捐贈(zèng)；handout分發(fā)；takeout拿出來；putout撲滅。結(jié)合句意表示捐贈(zèng)之意，因此選擇第一項(xiàng)。故選A【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查詞組的用法。18．Asakindofimportantenergy,coal（煤炭）can_______oneday.A.

keepout

B.

runout

C.

berunout

D.

runoutof【答案】B【解析】【分析】短語runout意為“用完，耗盡（主語是物）”，keepout“阻止……進(jìn)入”，runoutof“用完……東西（主語是人）”；選項(xiàng)C是被動(dòng)形式，其后應(yīng)加介詞of，故選B。19．Progresssuggestsaperson'sabilitytochangethewayheislivingatthemomentanditmust______abetterlifeandabetterwayofdoingthings.A.

leadto

B.

devoteto

C.

makeup

D.

takeup【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：進(jìn)步意味著一個(gè)人改變他現(xiàn)在生活方式的能力，它必須帶來更好的生活和更好的做事方式。A.leadto導(dǎo)致；B.devoteto奉獻(xiàn)，致力于；C.makeup編造；D.takeup從事。根據(jù)句意可知，答案為A。20．—HowwasyourMayDayholiday?—Justsoso,ItriedtofindaplacetoparkmycarnearHeGarden,buttheywereall______.A.

lookedup

B.

takenup

C.

putup

D.

turnedup【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：—你的五一假期過得怎么樣？—一般般，我努力地在花園附近找地方停車，但是他們都被占了。lookedup查找；takenup占據(jù)；putup張貼；turnedup出現(xiàn)，把聲音開大。根據(jù)句意可知，這里說的停車位都被占了，故答案為B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考查動(dòng)詞短語和動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法，平時(shí)注意記憶和區(qū)分短語動(dòng)詞的意義和用法。還要注意記憶不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。21．—Isthegirlreallythatwoman'sdaughter?Butshedoesn't__________heratall.—Butsuresheis.Shetakesafterherfather.A.

looklike

B.

lookfor

C.

lookup

D.

lookafter【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：——那個(gè)女孩真的事那個(gè)婦女的女兒?jiǎn)幔康撬雌饋硪稽c(diǎn)也不像她。——但是她的確是。她長(zhǎng)得像她的父親。looklike看起來像；lookfor尋找；lookup抬頭看；lookafter照顧；根據(jù)Shetakesafterherfather.可知此處表示長(zhǎng)得像父親，因此一點(diǎn)也不像母親，故用短語looklike，故選A。22．MayDayisontheway.Manyshopshave

hugeposterswiththeword“SALE”.A.

puton

B.

putup

C.

putaway

D.

putoff【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：五一節(jié)就要到了，許多商店都貼上了寫著"促銷"巨幅海報(bào)。A.puton穿上；B.putup張貼；C.putaway放好；D.putoff推遲。結(jié)合句意和語境可知，應(yīng)該是"張貼"。故答案為B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查短語動(dòng)詞。熟練掌握短語的意義和用法。23．TomarguedwithAlicelastnight.Butnowthey_______afteratalkwitheachother.A.

makeup

B.

putup

C.

setup

D.

lookup【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：湯姆昨天晚上和愛麗絲吵架了。但是現(xiàn)在他們談過之后又和好了。A.makeup和好，彌補(bǔ)，化妝；B.putup舉起，張貼，搭建；C.setup建立；D.lookup向上看，查閱。根據(jù)afteratalkwitheachother可知交流后和好了，故選A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查短語辨析，注意動(dòng)詞短語的積累及運(yùn)用。24．—Whichonedoyoulikebestatthefair?—Themonitoringinstrumentinventedbyateenager.A.

made…byhand

B.

made…forthefirsttime

C.

made…forme【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：——在展覽會(huì)上你最喜歡哪一個(gè)？——被一個(gè)青少年發(fā)明的健康設(shè)備。invent：發(fā)明，也就是第一次被制作，make···forthefirsttime，故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查近義詞。根據(jù)劃線詞和語境找出意義相同的選項(xiàng)，選出正確答案。25．—Thereisanexamnextweek.WhatshouldIdo?

—Ithinkthatifyou________yourstudyscheduleforaweek,youwillpassit．A.

agreewith

B.

stickwith

C.

giveup【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：——下周有考試，我該怎么辦？——我認(rèn)為只要你堅(jiān)持你的學(xué)習(xí)日程表一周，你就能通過考試。A、agreewith同意，B、stickwith堅(jiān)持，C、giveup放棄，根據(jù)題意可知，學(xué)生比較害怕考試，因此需要有一個(gè)好的學(xué)習(xí)規(guī)劃，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析，注意根據(jù)語境對(duì)選項(xiàng)逐一進(jìn)行篩選，填入符合語境的單詞。26．Ifyouwanttogetgoodscores,youhadbetter

thetestpapersbeforeyouhandthemin.A.

goaway

B.

goover

C.

goon

D.

goby【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：如果你想取得好成績(jī)，你交試卷前最好仔細(xì)檢查試卷。goaway走開；goover仔細(xì)檢查；goon繼續(xù)；goby經(jīng)過；（時(shí)間）過去。根據(jù)句意，故答案為B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析，熟記短語，根據(jù)句意，根據(jù)語境判斷答案。27．Wetriedtofindatableforseven，buttheywereall

.A.

takenup

B.

keptaway

C.

givenaway

D.

usedup【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：我們盡力找一張可以容納七個(gè)人的桌子，但都被占了。A.takeup占（時(shí)間、場(chǎng)所等）；B.keepaway避開、不接近；C.giveaway泄露、出賣；D.useup用完、耗盡。根據(jù)句意可知是占...,故答案為A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查短語動(dòng)詞。理解句意并牢記固定短語的意義。28．Tomakethestoryshorter,Mr.Trentadvisedmeto________thepartsthatarenotinteresting.A.

findou