第三組人與社會(huì)(二)——?dú)v史、社會(huì)與文化常見(jiàn)話題詞匯：official，religious，moral，advocate，nationwide，administration，authority，rejection，rumor，spread，greeting，noble，pardon，departure，embarrassing，forbid，gossip，custom，reasonable，introduction，private，regard，acknowledge，aggressive，assistance，caution，preparation，accommodation，aeroplane，excuse，communicate，departure，civilization，agent，alternative，reputation，participate，festival，baggage，book，conductor，destination，insurance，guidance，firecracker，lantern，decorate，feast，gather，adventure，amusement，ceremony組合練(七)閱讀理解主題練閱讀理解＋閱讀七選五(限時(shí)：40分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AThe14thNationalGamesheldinXi’anhastriggeredgreatinterest—notonlyinsportsandfitness，butalsointhehostcityitself.IfyouareplanningatourofXi’antakinglessthan3days，you’llwanttohitallthefollowinghighlights.TheTerracottaArmyTheTerracottaArmyisnotjustChina’spremierhistoricalattractionbutoneofthegreatestdiscoveriesofthe20thcentury，whichwasconstructedbyChina’sfirstemperorQinShiHuangoftheQinDynasty(221BCE－207BCE)．Itisacollectionofthousandsoflife-sizeterracottasoldiers，horses，andchariots(戰(zhàn)車(chē))inbattleformation，showingtheemperor’sarmiesinfullsplendor.AncientCityWallXi’anCityWallwasbuiltinthe14thcenturybyZhuYuanzhang，thefirstemperoroftheMingDynasty(1368－1644)asamilitarydefensesystem.Nowitisoneoftheoldestandbest-preservedChinesecitywalls.Thewallisnowalandmark，dividingthecityintoinnerandouterareas.GiantWildGoosePagodaOneofChina’smostfamousBuddhistpagodas，theGiantWildGoosePagoda，wasbuiltintheTangDynasty(618－907)forthestudyofBuddhistscriptures.Oneofthemainfunctionsofthepagodawastostoresutras(經(jīng)文)broughttoChinafromIndiabythefamousmonkandtravelerXuanZang.Itwasbuiltwithlayersofbricksandhasagrandstructureandappearance.ItisexemplaryoftraditionalChinesearchitecture.ShaanxiHistoryMuseumTheShaanxiHistoryMuseumishometoover370,000preciousrelicsunearthedinShaanxiovertheyears.Itscollectionsrangefrombronzewarestopotteryfigures，goldandsilverwaresandwallpaintingsfromtheTangDynasty(618－907)tombs.Amongitspreciouscollections,18pieceshavebeenlistedasnationaltreasures.1．Whichofthefollowinghasthelongesthistory?A．TheTerracottaArmy.B．AncientCityWall.C．GiantWildGoosePagoda.D．ShaanxiHistoryMuseum.2．WhatcanvisitorsseeinShaanxiHistoryMuseum?A．ChariotsdiscoveredinXi’an.B．SutrasbroughtfromIndiatoChina.C．RelicsunearthedinShaanxi.D．WallpaintingsfromtheQingDynastytombs.3．Whatdothefourattractionshaveincommon?A．Theyholdcollectionsofantiques.B．Theyareofhistoricalandculturalvalue.C．TheyrepresentthemodernspiritofXi’an.D．TheyareexamplesoftraditionalChinesearchitecture.BAhungrybadger(獾)searchingforfoodseemstohaveuncoveredwhatturnedouttobehundredsofRomancoinsinaSpanishcave，accordingtoanewstudy.Archaeologists(考古學(xué)家)firstdiscoveredseveralcoinslayingonthegroundattheentrancetoasmallcaveinthewoodlandsoutsideGradoinnorthernSpaininApril2021.Theresearcherssuspectthatthecoinswereunearthedbyabadgerfromanearbyden(獸窩)afteraheavysnowwhichmadeitharderforanimalstofindfood.Thehungrybadgerprobablygotintothecavelookingforfoodbutcameacrossthecoinsinstead.Afterfullyexploringthecave，researcherscollected209coinsdatingtobetweenthethirdandfifthcenturiesCE.“Todate，thisisthelargestamountofRomancoinsfoundinacaveinnorthernSpain，”theresearcherswroteintheirpaper.Theydescribedthediscoveryasan“exceptionalfind”．Inthelate1930s，acollectionof14goldRomancoins，knownastheChapipitreasure，wasalsofoundinthesamewoodlands.Theresearchersbelievethatlocalpeoplemayhaveburiedtheircoinstokeepthemsafeduringaperiodofintensepoliticalinstabilityintheregion.Themostrecentcoininthenewly-discoveredGradocollectiondatestoCE430，whichwasaftertheSuebi—agroupofGermanicpeopleoriginallyfrommodern-dayGermanyandtheCzechRepublic—pushedtheRomansoutofSpaininCE409，accordingtoElPais.Theresearcherssuspectthatthenewly-discoveredcoinsarepartofavastertreasureandwillreturntothecaveforfurtherexplorationtolookformorecoinsandevidencethatthecavemayalsohavebeenthehomeofdisplacedRomanpeople.“Wewanttoknowifitwasaone-offhidingplace，oriftherewasagroupofhumanslivingthere，”leadresearcherAlfonsoFanjulPerazatoldElPais.4．Wheredidtheresearchersfindthefirstfewcoinsin2021?A．NearaSpanishcave.B．OnaSpanishplayground.C．Attheentrancetoawoodland.D．Inabadger’sden.5．Whatdotheresearchersthinkofthediscoveryin2021?A．It’sdangerous. B．It’stimely.C．It’smeaningless. D．It’sunusual.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”refertoinparagraph4?A．TheRomans.B．Thecoins.C．Thewoodlands.D．Theresearchers.7．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Moreinformationmayberevealedbythecoins.B．TheancientRomanpeoplehadauniquelifestyle.C．Theresearchersdoubttheformerguessofthecoins.D．TheresearcherswillreturnthecoinstotheRomanpeople.C(2022·河南濮陽(yáng)一模)Foryoungpeoplewithautism(自閉癥)，growingintoadulthoodcanhaveitsownchallenges.Butstudentsatthenon-profiteducationalprogramExceptionalMindsprovethatautismcanalsomeanspecialtalents.MadelinePettiisanexampleofhowExceptionalMindshelpsstudentswithautismseekandreachtheirfullpotential.“IwanttheworldtoknowthatIlikedesigningthingsandExceptionalMindsisagreatplaceforme.”Madelineispartofanewwaveofdigitaleffectsartists.Sheisayoung，talentedstudentwhohasautism.SheislearningallabouttheentertainmentindustrywithExceptionalMinds,whichprovidesvocational(職業(yè)的)trainingforyoungadultswithautism.Madelinehasplayedvideogamessincethe4thgrade.Shehasalsoalwayslovedwatchinganimated(動(dòng)畫(huà)的)shows.Butshesaidshehadatorturoustimelearningintraditionalsettings.“IgetboredeasilywhenI’mjustsittingthereandpeoplearetalkingaroundme.I’mnotreallypersonallydevotedtothematerial.Whenyouarenotpersonallydevoted，youhavetoforceyourselftostayinthemomentandpayattention.Ifyoudon’thavethemotivationtoforceyourself，youareprettymuchgoingoffintoyourpersonalLaLaLand.”ExceptionalMindsprovidedtherightkindoflearningenvironmentforMadeline.Moreaction，lesstalking.Shesaid，“Ilikecomingherebecauseit’ssohands-on.Wegetshownexamplesorwewillfollowalongwiththedirections.Iguesswearedoingmore.”ErnieMerlanisanEMprogramdirector.Hesaid，“Theheartofourprogramisafull-timethree-yearvocationalprogramspecificallyfortheentertainmentindustry.Theprogramteachesthestudentsnotonlythetechnicalskillstheyneedbuttheworkreadinessskillstheyneedinordertogetajob.Sowefocusonhowtheylookandwhattheirattitudeis，andthenworkplaceconflictwhichweallhave.”8．WhatcanbeknownaboutMadelinePetti?A．Shesuffersfromgameaddiction.B．Shehasatalentfordigitaleffects.C．Sheisworkinginalocalindustry.D．Shedislikesdesigningthingsnow.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“torturous”inparagraph3probablymean?A．Hard. B．Normal.C．Long. D．Devoted.10．HowisExceptionalMindsdifferentfromtraditionalprograms?A．Itisaboutentertainment.B．Itfocusesmoreonaction.C．Itisdesignedforchildren.D．Itisaimedatactivetalks.11．WhyareErnieMerlan’swordsmentioned?A．Toshowthebenefitsofhisjob.B．Totelltheprogram’schallenges.C．Tofurtherintroducetheprogram.D．Tostresstheinfluenceofattitude.D(2022·河南中原名校聯(lián)盟聯(lián)考)IfyouaskpeopletonametheonepersonwhohadthegreatesteffectontheEnglishlanguage，youwillgetanswerslike“Shakespeare”，“SamuelJohnson”，and“Webster”，butnoneofthesemenhadanyeffectatallcomparedtoamanwhodidn’tevenspeakEnglish—WilliamtheConqueror.Before1066，inthelandwenowcallGreatBritainlivedpeoplesbelongingtotwomajorlanguagegroups.InthewestcentralregionlivedtheWelsh，whospokeaCelticlanguage，andinthenorthlivedtheScots，whoselanguage，thoughnotthesameasWelsh，wasalsoCeltic.IntherestofthecountrylivedtheSaxons，actuallyamixtureofAnglos，Saxons，andotherGermanicandNordicpeoples，whospokewhatwenowcallAnglo-Saxon(orOldEnglish)，aGermaniclanguage.Ifthisstateofaffairshadlasted，EnglishtodaywouldbeclosetoGerman.Butthisstateofaffairsdidnotlast.In1066theNormansledbyWilliamdefeatedtheSaxonsandbegantheirruleoverEngland.Foraboutacentury，F(xiàn)renchbecametheofficiallanguageofEnglandwhileOldEnglishbecamethelanguageofpeasants.Asaresult，EnglishwordsofpoliticsandthelawcomefromFrenchratherthanGerman.Insomecases，modernEnglishevenshowsadistinction(區(qū)別)betweenupper-classFrenchandlower-classAnglo-Saxoninitswords.Theyevenhavedifferentwordsforsomefoods，meatinparticular，dependingonwhetheritisstilloutinthefieldsorathomereadytobecooked，whichshowsthefactthattheSaxonpeasantsweredoingthefarming，whiletheupper-classNormansweredoingmostoftheeating.WhenAmericansvisitEuropeforthefirsttime，theyusuallyfindGermanymore“foreign”thanFrancebecausetheGermantheyseeonsignsandadvertisementsseemsmuchmoredifferentfromEnglishthanFrenchdoes.FewrealizethattheEnglishlanguageisactuallyGermanicinitsbeginningandthattheFrenchinfluencesarealltheresultofoneman’sambition.12．ThetwomajorlanguagesspokeninwhatisnowcalledGreatBritainbefore1066were.A．WelshandScottishB．NordicandGermanicC．CelticandOldEnglishD．Anglo-SaxonandGermanic13．Whichofthefollowinggroupsofwordsare，byinference，rootedinFrench?A．President，lawyer，beef.B．President，bread，water.C．Bread，field，sheep.D．Folk，field，cow.14．WhydoesFranceappearlessforeignthanGermanytoAmericansontheirfirstvisittoEurope?A．MostadvertisementsinFranceappearinEnglish.B．TheyknowlittleofthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.C．ManyFrenchwordsaresimilartoEnglishones.D．TheyknowFrenchbetterthanGerman.15．Whatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?A．ThehistoryofGreatBritain.B．ThesimilaritybetweenEnglishandFrench.C．TheruleofEnglandbyWilliamtheConqueror.D．TheFrenchinfluencesontheEnglishlanguage.Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Teaiscurrentlytheworld’smostpopulardrink，onlyafterwater.However，therewasatimewhenteawasknownonlytotheChinese.1Andhowdiditgettoconquertheworldtotheextentthatpeopleoftendescribesomethingtheyreallylikeastheir“cupoftea”？WhileweknowthatteadrinkstartedinChina，itstrueoriginremainssomethingofamystery.Legendhasitthatabout5,000yearsago，Shennongcameacrossteawhendriedleavesblewintoapotofboilingwater.Followinghisdiscovery，teawasusedasmedicine，includedinmealsandlaterofferedasarefreshingdr