2025年6月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)閱讀試題及答案一、選詞填空1.Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.TheancientGreeksdevelopedbasicmemorysystemscalledmnemonics(記憶法).Thenameis36fromtheirGoddessofMemory,Mnemosyne.Intheancientworld,atrainedmemorywasan37asset,particularlyinpubliclife.Therewereno38devicesfortakingnotes,andearlyGreekorators(演說家)deliveredlongspeecheswithgreataccuracybecausetheylearnedthespeechesusingmnemonicsystems.TheGreeksdiscoveredthathumanmemoryislargelyanassociation-basedprocess-thatis,itworksbyconnectingthingstogether.Forexample,thinkofanapple.The39ofanapplecallstomindallthatyouknowaboutapples:theirtaste,theirsmell,the40inwhichapplesgrow,andsoon.Theassociationsarewhathelpyouto41theinformation.Anappleisalsoassociatedwithabasket,soyoucanrememberwhereyousawanapplebythinkingaboutbaskets.Mnemonicsystemsworkbyusingspecifictechniquestocreate42associations.Forexample,thefirstlettersofeachwordinasentencecanformawordthat43somethingtoyou.Ifyoucanremembertheword,youcanremembertheorderofthewordsinthesentence.Anothertechniqueistocreateamentalpicturethatincludesallthethingsyouwanttoremember.Thepicturewillhelpyoutorecalltheinformationlater.Mnemonicsarenotusedonlybyprofessionalmemory44.Theaveragepersoncanusethemtoimprovehisorhermemory.Forexample,youcanuseamnemonictorememberaperson’sname.Iftheperson’snameisJohnSmith,youcan45thenamewithsomethingyouknowwell,likeafamousJohnSmithyou’veheardof.A.associatedB.characteristicsC.contextD.derivedE.essentialF.identifyG.imagesH.mechanicalI.recallJ.remarkableK.specialistsL.symbolizesM.techniquesN.uniqueO.writtenWordBank:|A|B|C|D|E||F|G|H|I|J||K|L|M|N|O|答案：36.D37.E38.H39.G40.C41.I42.N43.L44.K45.A解析：36.“bederivedfrom”是固定短語，意為“源自，起源于”，這里說名字源自他們的記憶女神，所以選D。37.根據(jù)后文“早期希臘演說家能準(zhǔn)確地發(fā)表長篇演講”可知，訓(xùn)練有素的記憶力在公共生活中是一項(xiàng)“必不可少的”資產(chǎn)，“essential”有“必不可少的，重要的”意思，選E。38.由后文“早期希臘演說家靠記憶法記住演講內(nèi)容”可知，當(dāng)時(shí)沒有“機(jī)械的”記錄筆記的設(shè)備，“mechanical”表示“機(jī)械的”，選H。39.前面提到“thinkofanapple”，這里說蘋果的“形象”會(huì)讓你想起關(guān)于蘋果的一切，“images”表示“形象，圖像”，選G。40.“context”有“環(huán)境，背景”的意思，這里指蘋果生長的環(huán)境，選C。41.聯(lián)想有助于你“回憶起”信息，“recall”是“回憶，回想”的意思，選I。42.記憶法系統(tǒng)通過特定技術(shù)創(chuàng)造“獨(dú)特的”聯(lián)想，“unique”表示“獨(dú)特的”，選N。43.句子中每個(gè)單詞的首字母組成的單詞“象征”著對(duì)你有意義的東西，“symbolizes”是“象征”的意思，選L。44.記憶法不只是專業(yè)記憶“專家”使用，“specialists”表示“專家”，選K。45.“associate…with…”是固定搭配，意為“把……和……聯(lián)系起來”，這里說把名字和你熟悉的事物聯(lián)系起來，選A。二、長篇閱讀1.Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheImportanceofBiodiversityA.Biodiversity,orbiologicaldiversity,isabroadtermthatreferstothevarietyoflifeonEarth.Itincludesthemillionsofdifferentplants,animals,andmicroorganisms;thegenestheycontain;andtheintricateecosystemstheyform.Biodiversityisoftenconsideredinthreemainlevels:geneticdiversity,speciesdiversity,andecosystemdiversity.B.Geneticdiversityisthevariationingeneswithinaspecies.Thisdiversityiscrucialbecauseitallowsaspeciestoadapttochangingenvironmentalconditions.Forexample,someindividualswithinaplantspeciesmayhavegenesthatmakethemmoreresistanttodrought.Ifadroughtoccurs,theseindividualsaremorelikelytosurviveandreproduce,passingontheirdrought-resistantgenestothenextgeneration.Withoutgeneticdiversity,aspeciesmaybemorevulnerabletodiseases,pests,andenvironmentalchanges.C.Speciesdiversityreferstothenumberandvarietyofspeciesinaparticularareaorontheplanetasawhole.Themorespeciesthereareinanecosystem,themorestableandresilientitislikelytobe.Adiverseecosystemcanbetterwithstanddisturbancessuchasnaturaldisastersorhuman-inducedchanges.Forinstance,inaforestwithmanydifferenttreespecies,ifonespeciesisaffectedbyadisease,otherspeciescanstillperformtheecologicalfunctionsthattheaffectedspeciesusedtoperform,likeprovidinghabitatforanimalsandregulatingthewatercycle.D.EcosystemdiversityinvolvesthevarietyofecosystemsonEarth,suchasforests,grasslands,deserts,andwetlands.Eachecosystemhasitsownuniquesetofspeciesandecologicalprocesses.Theseecosystemsinteractwithoneanotherandwiththephysicalenvironment.Forexample,wetlandsactasnaturalwaterfilters,removingpollutantsfromwaterbeforeitentersriversandlakes.Theyalsoprovideimportanthabitatsformanyspeciesofbirds,fish,andotherwildlife.E.Biodiversityprovidesnumerousbenefitstohumans.Oneofthemostobviousbenefitsisintheareaoffood.Manyofthefoodsweeat,suchasfruits,vegetables,grains,andmeats,comedirectlyfromwildordomesticatedspecies.Inaddition,wildspeciescanbeasourceofnewgenesforcropimprovement.Forexample,wildrelativesofwheatmayhavegenesthatcanbeusedtodevelopwheatvarietiesthataremoreresistanttodiseasesorpests.F.Biodiversityisalsoimportantformedicine.Manyofthedrugsweusetodayarederivedfromplants,animals,andmicroorganisms.Forexample,thepainkilleraspirinwasoriginallyderivedfromthebarkofthewillowtree.Scientistsareconstantlyexploringthepotentialofwildspeciesfornewdrugdiscoveries.Theremaybemanymorelife-savingdrugswaitingtobediscoveredintheworld’sbiodiversity.G.Anotherbenefitofbiodiversityisintheareaofeconomicdevelopment.Ecosystemsprovidevaluableservicessuchaswaterpurification,soilformation,andclimateregulation.Theseservicesareessentialforagriculture,industry,andhumansettlements.Forexample,healthyforestshelptopreventsoilerosion,whichisimportantformaintainingfertilefarmland.Tourismisalsoanimportanteconomicsectorthatoftendependsonbiodiversity.Peopleareattractedtonaturalareaswithhighbiodiversity,suchasnationalparksandwildlifereserves.H.However,biodiversityiscurrentlyunderthreat.Humanactivitiesarethemaincauseofthisthreat.Deforestation,forexample,destroyslargeareasofforests,whicharehometocountlessspecies.Theconversionofnaturalhabitatsintoagriculturallandorurbanareasreducestheavailablespaceforwildspecies.Pollution,includingairpollution,waterpollution,andsoilpollution,alsohasanegativeimpactonbiodiversity.Chemicalpollutantscanharmplantsandanimalsdirectlyordisrupttheirecologicalprocesses.I.Climatechangeisanothermajorthreattobiodiversity.Risingtemperatures,changingprecipitationpatterns,andmorefrequentextremeweathereventscanallhaveasignificantimpactonspeciesandecosystems.Somespeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptquicklyenoughtothesechanges,leadingtopopulationdeclinesorevenextinction.Forexample,coralreefsareverysensitivetochangesinwatertemperature.Astheoceanwarms,coralreefsareexperiencingbleachingevents,whichcanleadtothedeathofthecoralsandthelossoftheentirecoral-reefecosystem.J.Toprotectbiodiversity,variousconservationmeasuresareneeded.Oneimportantmeasureistheestablishmentofprotectedareas,suchasnationalparksandnaturereserves.Theseareasprovideasafehavenformanyspecies.Anothermeasureistheimplementationofsustainabledevelopmentpractices.Thisinvolvesusingnaturalresourcesinawaythatmeetstheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Forexample,sustainableforestrypracticescanensurethatforestsaremanagedinawaythatmaintainstheirbiodiversitywhilestillprovidingeconomicbenefits.K.Educationandawareness-raisingarealsocrucialforbiodiversityconservation.Peopleneedtounderstandtheimportanceofbiodiversityandthethreatsitfaces.Byincreasingpublicawareness,morepeoplecanbeencouragedtotakeactionstoprotectbiodiversity,suchasreducingtheirconsumptionofsingle-useplastics,supportingsustainableproducts,andparticipatinginconservationprojects.Themorespeciesanecosystemhas,themorestableandresilientitislikelytobe.()Geneticdiversityallowsaspeciestoadapttochangingenvironmentalconditions.()Wetlandsactasnaturalwaterfiltersandprovidehabitatsformanyspecies.()Biodiversityprovidesobviousbenefitsintheareaoffood.()Manyofthedrugsweusetodayarederivedfromplants,animals,andmicroorganisms.()Ecosystemsprovidevaluableservicesforeconomicdevelopment.()Humanactivitiessuchasdeforestationandpollutionarethemaincausesofthethreattobiodiversity.()Climatechangecanleadtopopulationdeclinesorevenextinctionofsomespecies.()Establishingprotectedareasisanimportantmeasureforbiodiversityconservation.()Educationandawareness-raisingarecrucialforbiodiversityconservation.()答案：1.C2.B3.D4.E5.F6.G7.H8.I9.J10.K解析：1.文中C段提到“Themorespeciesthereareinanecosystem,themorestableandresilientitislikelytobe”，與題目表述一致，所以選C。2.B段“Geneticdiversityisthevariationingeneswithinaspecies.Thisdiversityiscrucialbecauseitallowsaspeciestoadapttochangingenvironmentalconditions”，說明基因多樣性使物種能適應(yīng)環(huán)境變化，選B。3.D段“wetlandsactasnaturalwaterfilters,removingpollutantsfromwaterbeforeitentersriversandlakes.Theyalsoprovideimportanthabitatsformanyspeciesofbirds,fish,andotherwildlife”，與題目內(nèi)容相符，選D。4.E段“Biodiversityprovidesnumerousbenefitstohumans.Oneofthemostobviousbenefitsisintheareaoffood”，表明生物多樣性在食物方面有明顯益處，選E。5.F段“Manyofthedrugsweusetodayarederivedfromplants,animals,andmicroorganisms”，和題目表述相同，選F。6.G段提到“Anotherbenefitofbiodiversityisintheareaofeconomicdevelopment.Ecosystemsprovidevaluableservicessuchaswaterpurification,soilformation,andclimateregulation”，說明生態(tài)系統(tǒng)為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展提供有價(jià)值的服務(wù)，選G。7.H段“Humanactivitiesarethemaincauseofthisthreat.Deforestation…Pollution…alsohasanegativeimpactonbiodiversity”，指出人類活動(dòng)如森林砍伐和污染是生物多樣性受威脅的主要原因，選H。8.I段“Climatechangeisanothermajorthreattobiodiversity…Somespeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptquicklyenoughtothesechanges,leadingtopopulationdeclinesorevenextinction”，說明氣候變化會(huì)導(dǎo)致一些物種數(shù)量減少甚至滅絕，選I。9.J段“Oneimportantmeasureistheestablishmentofprotectedareas,suchasnationalparksandnaturereserves”，表明建立保護(hù)區(qū)是保護(hù)生物多樣性的重要措施，選J。10.K段“Educationandawareness-raisingarealsocrucialforbiodiversityconservation”，與題目表述一致，選K。三、仔細(xì)閱讀1.Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inrecentyears,theconceptofthe“sharingeconomy”hasgainedsignificantpopularity.Thesharingeconomyreferstoeconomicsystemsinwhichindividualscanrentorborrowassetsownedbyothersratherthanbuyingandowningthemthemselves.Thisincludesservicessuchasride-sharing(e.g.,UberandLyft),home-sharing(e.g.,Airbnb),andtool-sharingplatforms.Oneofthemainadvantagesofthesharingeconomyisitspotentialtoreducewasteandpromotemoreefficientuseofresources.Forexample,inthecaseofride-sharing,insteadofeachpersonowningacarandusingitonlyasmallpercentageofthetime,multiplepeoplecanshareasinglevehicle,reducingthenumberofcarsontheroadandtheassociatedenvironmentalimpact.Similarly,home-sharingallowshomeownerstorentouttheirunusedroomsorentireproperties,makingbetteruseofexistinghousingstock.Anotherbenefitistheeconomicopportunityitprovides.Forindividualswhoownassetssuchascarsorsparerooms,thesharingeconomyoffersawaytoearnextraincome.Forexample,apersonwhohasacarthatisnotinuseallthetimecansignupasadriverforaride-sharingserviceandearnmoneybytransportingpassengers.Thiscanbeespeciallybeneficialforpeoplewithlimitedincomeorthoselookingtosupplementtheirexistingincome.However,thesharingeconomyalsofacessomechallenges.Oneofthemainchallengesisregulatorycompliance.Sincethesharingeconomyoperatesinarelativelynewandevolvingarea,manyexistingregulationsmaynotbewell-suitedtothesetypesofservices.Forexample,traditionaltaxiregulationsmaynotbeapplicabletoride-sharingservices,leadingtolegaldisputesandregulatoryuncertainty.Anotherchallengeistrust.Inthesharingeconomy,individualsareofteninteractingwithstrangers.Thereisariskthatonepartymaynotfulfilltheirobligations,suchasadrivernotprovidingasaferideoraguestdamagingarentedproperty.Toaddressthisissue,sharingeconomyplatformsoftenuseratingsystemsandbackgroundcheckstobuildtrustamongusers.Whatisthesharingeconomy?A.Aneconomicsystemwherepeoplebuyandownassets.B.Aneconomicsystemwhereindividualscanrentorborrowassetsfromothers.C.Aneconomicsystemfocusedonproducingnewassets.D.Aneconomicsystemthatonlyinvolvesride-sharingandhome-sharing.Whatisoneofthemainadvantagesofthesharingeconomy?A.Itincreasesthenumberofcarsontheroad.B.Itpromotestheinefficientuseofresources.C.Itreduceswasteandpromotesmoreefficientuseofresources.D.Itencouragespeopletobuymoreassets.Howdoesthesharingeconomyprovideeconomicopportunity?A.Byforcingpeopletoselltheirassets.B.Byallowingassetownerstoearnextraincome.C.Byreducingthedemandforcertainservices.D.Byincreasingthecostofliving.Whatisoneofthemainchallengesthesharingeconomyfaces?A.Lackoftechnologicalsupport.B.Regulatorycompliance.C.Excessivecompetition.D.Highcostofoperation.Howdosharingeconomyplatformsaddresstheissueoftrust?A.Byignoringtheproblem.B.Byusingratingsystemsandbackgroundchecks.C.Bylimitingthenumberofusers.D.Byincreasingthepriceofservices.答案：46.B47.C48.B49.B50.B解析：46.根據(jù)文章第一段“Thesharingeconomyreferstoeconomicsystemsinwhichindividualscanrentorborrowassetsownedbyothersratherthanbuyingandowningthemthemselves”可知，共享經(jīng)濟(jì)是個(gè)人可以從他人那里租賃或借用資產(chǎn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)體系，選B。47.文章第二段“Oneofthemainadvantagesofthesharingeconomyisitspotentialtoreducewasteandpromotemoreefficientuseofresources”，說明共享經(jīng)濟(jì)的主要優(yōu)勢之一是減少浪費(fèi)并促進(jìn)資源的更有效利用，選C。48.第三段“Forindividualswhoownassetssuchascarsorsparerooms,thesharingeconomyoffersawaytoearnextraincome”，表明共享經(jīng)濟(jì)為資產(chǎn)所有者提供了賺取額外收入的途徑，選B。49.第四段“Oneofthemainchallengesisregulatorycompliance”，說明共享經(jīng)濟(jì)面臨的主要挑戰(zhàn)之一是監(jiān)管合規(guī)問題，選B。50.最后一段“Toaddressthisissue,sharingeconomyplatformsoftenuseratingsystemsandbackgroundcheckstobuildtrustamongusers”，可知共享經(jīng)濟(jì)平臺(tái)通過使用評(píng)級(jí)系統(tǒng)和背景調(diào)查來解決信任問題，選B。2.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thedigitalagehastransformedthewayweaccessandconsumeinformation.WiththewidespreadavailabilityoftheInternet,peoplecannowfindinformationonalmostanytopicwithinseconds.Thishashadaprofoundimpactoneducation,journalism,andmanyotherfields.Ineducation,thedigitalagehasbroughtbothopportunitiesandchallenges.Ontheonehand,studentshaveaccesstoavastamountofeducationalresourcesonline.TheycanwatcheducationalvideosonplatformslikeYouTube,participateinonlinecourses,andaccesse-booksandresearchpapers.Thisallowsstudentstolearnattheirownpaceandexploretopicsingreaterdepth.Ontheotherhand,theabundanceofinformationcanalsobeoverwhelming.Studentsmayhavedifficultydistinguishingbetweenreliableandunreliablesources.Forexample,anyonecanpostinformationontheInternet,andnotallofitisaccurateortrustworthy.Thiscanleadtostudentsbasingtheirlearningonfalseormisleadinginformation.Injournalism,thedigitalagehaschangedthewaynewsisproducedandconsumed.Traditionalnewspapersandmagazinesarefacingincreasingcompetitionfromonlinenewssources.Onlinenewscanbeupdatedinreal-time,providingthelatestinformationtoreaders.However,theriseofonlinenewshasalsoledtothespreadof“fakenews.”Fakenewsreferstofalseormisleadinginformationpresentedasnews.Itcanbespreadquicklythroughsocialmediaandotheronlineplatforms,causingconfusionandmisinformationamongthepublic.Toaddresstheissueoffakenews,journalistsandmediaorganizationsaretakingsteps.Theyarefact-checkinginformationmorerigorously,usingadvancedtechnologiestodetectfalseinformation,andpromotingmedialiteracyamongthepublic.Medialiteracyinvolvesteachingpeoplehowtoevaluatethecredibilityofinformationsourcesandhowtodistinguishbetweenfactandopinion.Whathasthedigitalagedonetothewayweaccessandconsumeinformation?A.Ithasmadeitmoredifficulttoaccessinformation.B.Ithaslimitedtheamountofinformationavailable.C.Ithastransformedthewayweaccessandconsumeinformation.D.Ithashadnoimpactoninformationaccessandconsumption.Ineducation,whatisoneoftheopportunitiesbroughtbythedigitalage?A.Studentshaveaccesstoalimitedamountofeducationalresour