2026屆新高考英語(yǔ)熱點(diǎn)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句DiscoveringUsefulStructures一、定語(yǔ)

This

is

a

cat.

This

is

a

white

cat.定語(yǔ)：把名詞“定住”，翻譯“…的”1.定義：用來(lái)修飾描述名詞/代詞的品質(zhì)和特征一、定語(yǔ)2.定語(yǔ)位置：前置：位于所修飾名詞前；“單詞+名詞”后置：位于所修飾名詞后；“名詞+短語(yǔ)/從句”充當(dāng)前置定語(yǔ)的單詞：形容詞、名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、單個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞、動(dòng)名詞充當(dāng)后置定語(yǔ)的短語(yǔ)/從句：介詞短語(yǔ)、形容詞短語(yǔ)、現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)、過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)從句一、定語(yǔ)A

small

dog.A

history

book.My

car

is

parked

outside.Two

students

are

absent

today.The

running

man

is

fast.The

broken

window

needs

to

be

repaired.I

need

a

running

shoe.The

book

on

the

table

is

mine.A

book

useful

for

the

future.A

boy

reading

a

book.A

project

finished

by

her.The

way

to

solve

the

problem.This

is

a

white

cat

that

like

acquiring

new

knowledge.找出下列定語(yǔ)：small

形容詞history名詞My代詞Two數(shù)詞running現(xiàn)在分詞broken

過(guò)去分詞running動(dòng)名詞on

the

table介詞useful

for

the

future形容詞finished

by

her過(guò)去分詞to

solve

the

problem

動(dòng)詞不定式reading

a

book現(xiàn)在分詞定語(yǔ)從句二、定語(yǔ)從句This

is

a

white

cat

that

like

acquiring

new

knowledge.定語(yǔ)從句：用句子作定語(yǔ)把句子“定住”1.定義：在主從復(fù)合句中，修飾限定某一_____________的句子，叫定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中相當(dāng)于________，在句中作定語(yǔ)，故又稱為形容詞性從句。形容詞名詞或代詞二、定語(yǔ)從句This

is

a

white

cat

that

like

acquiring

new

knowledge.先行詞：指被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的____________，通常為名詞（如人、物、地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間等），也可以是整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容。關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，替代先行詞,并在從句中充當(dāng)_____________________________根據(jù)其用法分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。2.結(jié)構(gòu):先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語(yǔ)從句名詞或代詞主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。你的標(biāo)題點(diǎn)擊此處輸入你的具體文本說(shuō)明點(diǎn)點(diǎn)擊此處輸入點(diǎn)擊此處先行詞在從句中所作成分關(guān)系代詞人主賓定物主賓定人/物主/賓who/thatwho/whom/that/省略whose(=ofwhom)that/whichthat/which/省略whose（of

which）關(guān)系代詞as先行詞

在從句中所作成分關(guān)系副詞時(shí)間名詞時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)名詞地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)reason原因狀語(yǔ)whywhenwhere=介詞+which關(guān)系副詞主句和從句不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)主句和從句用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)與先行詞關(guān)系密切與先行詞關(guān)系不密切去掉后句意不完整是一種補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，刪除后不影響整個(gè)句意可以用that不可以用that定語(yǔ)從句的種類ThisistheschoolwhereIstudiedtenyearsago.

Heboughtahouse,whoseroofwaspaintedred.限制性非限制性drills用that和which填空1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_______wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree______isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything______Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel______Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld______canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_______isreadingunderthetree?7.Hewroteabook,_______isonhowtolearnEnglishwell.8.Thisistheplacein________LuXunusedtolive.thatthatthatthatthatthatwhichwhichdrills1)Herearesomeofthepeople________homesweredestroyedbythetyphoon"2)Theterribleshakingofthebuildingwokeupallthepeople_______wereasleep.3)Thenextday,peopleputupsheltersintheopenairusinganything________theycouldfind.4)Severaldayslater,mostofthebuildings_____________hadbeendamagedbythehurricanewererepaired.5）Theinjuredboy_________motherwaslostin

thedisasterwastakentothehospital.that/whichthat

whowhosewhose二、定語(yǔ)從句

3.關(guān)系代詞的用法(1)關(guān)系代詞that

典型用法先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much,few,none等不定代詞時(shí)。I'vedoneeverything_______Icantohelpyou.我已盡我所能幫助你。that二、定語(yǔ)從句(1)關(guān)系代詞that

典型用法先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。Thisisthefirstbook_______Iboughtwithmyownmoney.這是我用自己錢買的第一本書(shū)。Sheisthemostbeautifulgirl_______Ihaveeverseen.她是我見(jiàn)過(guò)最美的女孩。thatthat二、定語(yǔ)從句(1)關(guān)系代詞that

典型用法先行詞被thevery/only/same/last,all,no等特定詞修飾時(shí)。Heistheonlyperson_______cansolvethisproblem.他是唯一能解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的人。Thisistheveryhouse________Igrewupin.這正是我長(zhǎng)大的房子。thatthat二、定語(yǔ)從句

(1)關(guān)系代詞that

典型用法先行詞中既有人又有物的名詞時(shí)。Theytalkedaboutthepeopleandthings______theyremembered.他們談?wù)摿擞浀玫娜撕褪隆hat二、定語(yǔ)從句

(1)關(guān)系代詞that

典型用法主句以who/which開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句為了避免重復(fù)時(shí)。Whoistheman______isstandingoverthere?站在那邊的人是誰(shuí)？Whichisthebook_______youwant?哪本是你想要的書(shū)？thatthat二、定語(yǔ)從句(1)關(guān)系代詞that

典型用法注意空格前邊有逗號(hào)為標(biāo)志，不能用that，that不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。Hewaslateagain,______madehisteacherveryangry.他又遲到了，這次這讓他的老師非常生氣。which二、定語(yǔ)從句(1)關(guān)系代詞that

典型用法當(dāng)先行詞是theway

在句中作方式狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面用that或者inwhich或者省略that。Theway

_____________

hehandledthesituationimpressedme.他處理情況的方式給我留下了深刻印象。Theway

__________

hehandledthesituationimpressedme.他處理情況的方式給我留下了深刻印象。inwhich(that)二、定語(yǔ)從句(1)關(guān)系代詞that

典型用法注意：關(guān)系代詞that作主語(yǔ)時(shí)不能省略，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。Thebook

_________

Ireadlastnightwasfascinating.我昨晚讀的書(shū)很精彩。(that)二、定語(yǔ)從句(2)關(guān)系代詞which典型用法引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句（不用逗號(hào)分隔）,先行詞指物。Youshouldselecttheoption

_______

bestsuitsyourrequirements.你要挑選最符合你需求的選項(xiàng)。which

二、定語(yǔ)從句(2)關(guān)系代詞which典型用法引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句（用逗號(hào)和主句分隔），先行詞可以是一個(gè)名詞，也可以指代前面整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容。Thebook,

_________

readlastnight,isextremelycaptivating.我昨晚讀的那本書(shū)特別吸引人。Sheresignedfromherjob,________wasquiteunexpected.她辭去了工作，這十分出人意料。which

which

二、定語(yǔ)從句(2)關(guān)系代詞which典型用法用于“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)。Thecity_________

Iwasbornislocatedinthesouthernpartofthecountry.我出生的城市位于這個(gè)國(guó)家的南部。inwhich二、定語(yǔ)從句(2)關(guān)系代詞which典型用法注意：空格前出現(xiàn)逗號(hào)，也可能用關(guān)系代詞who/whom（先行詞指人）或where（從句不缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)）。ElonMusk,______

foundedSpaceX,isawell-knownentrepreneur.埃隆?馬斯克創(chuàng)立了太空探索技術(shù)公司，他是一位著名的企業(yè)家。Thiscafé,________

weoftenhavemeetings,offersfreeWi-Fi.這家咖啡館，我們經(jīng)常在那里開(kāi)會(huì)，提供免費(fèi)的無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)。whowhere二、定語(yǔ)從句(3)關(guān)系代詞who、whom、whose典型用法who用作關(guān)系代詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，先行詞指人，可以與that替換。Sheisthegirl________wonthefirstprizeinthecompetition.她就是在比賽中獲得一等獎(jiǎng)的那個(gè)女孩。who/that二、定語(yǔ)從句(3)關(guān)系代詞who、whom、whose典型用法注意Anyonewho…以及Those

who…句型。Anyone______

breakstherulewillbepunished.任何違反規(guī)則的人都會(huì)受到懲罰。Those________

lovereadingoftenhaverichinnerworlds.熱愛(ài)閱讀的人往往有豐富的內(nèi)心世界。whowho二、定語(yǔ)從句(3)關(guān)系代詞who、whom、whose典型用法whom用作關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)限制性和非限制性，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，先行詞指人，可以與that替換。作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。Thegirl_______

yousawatthepartyisafamoussinger.你在派對(duì)上看到的那個(gè)女孩是位著名歌手。Theauthor,________thestudentsadmire,gaveaspeech.那位受學(xué)生欽佩的作家做了演講。whomwhom二、定語(yǔ)從句(3)關(guān)系代詞who、whom、whose典型用法whom可以用于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，who不能。Thisistheprofessor__________

Ilearnedalot.這就是我從他身上學(xué)到很多東西的教授。fromwhom二、定語(yǔ)從句(3)關(guān)系代詞who、whom、whose典型用法whose既可指人又可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，“whose＋名詞”表示“某人的，某物的，”（先行詞和whose后的名詞是所屬關(guān)系）。Do

youknowtheboy______

handwritingisverybeautiful?你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)書(shū)法非常漂亮的男孩嗎？whose二、定語(yǔ)從句(3)關(guān)系代詞who、whom、whose典型用法在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，whose修飾物時(shí)，“whose＋名詞”可用“the＋名詞＋ofwhich”或“ofwhich＋the＋名詞”來(lái)代替。I'dlikearoom

whosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.我想要一個(gè)窗戶朝向大海的房間?！鶬'dlikearoom,_________________

looksoutoverthesea.→I'dlikearoom,_________________

looksoutoverthesea.thewindowofwhichofwhichthewindow二、定語(yǔ)從句(4)關(guān)系代詞as典型用法as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句的用法作從句的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，as不可省略，用于such…as…,so…as…,thesame…as…句型。Don’ttrustsuchpeople_____

praiseyoutoyourface.不要相信當(dāng)面表?yè)P(yáng)你的這種人。Theyhaveneverreadsomanybooks______

Ireadlastyear.他們從來(lái)都沒(méi)有讀過(guò)像我去年讀過(guò)的那些書(shū)。asas二、定語(yǔ)從句(4)關(guān)系代詞as典型用法which和as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句用法區(qū)別：①位置上：which從句只能位于主句之后；as從句位于主句的前、中、后；②邏輯上：which強(qiáng)調(diào)前后不一；as

強(qiáng)調(diào)前后邏輯一致，“正如”；Asisoftenthecase,girlslikedollswhileboyslikeguns.Hesoldhisnewcar,whichmademesurprised.二、定語(yǔ)從句as從句多含有see,know,expect,tell,report等動(dòng)詞。asanybodycansee正如人人都能看到的那樣；asiswellknown＝asisknowntoall眾所周知；aswehadexpected正如我們所預(yù)料的那樣；asisoftenthecase正如經(jīng)常發(fā)生的那樣；asismentionedabove正如上面提到的二、定語(yǔ)從句Asisknowntoall,TaiwanbelongstoChina.眾所周知，臺(tái)灣屬于中國(guó)。（as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句且位于句首）Taiwan,asisknowntoall,belongstoChina.眾所周知，臺(tái)灣屬于中國(guó)。（as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句且位于句中）Shehasmarriedagain,aswasexpected.不出所料，她又結(jié)婚了。（as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句且位于句末）summary關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系詞先行詞在從句所做成分thatwhichwhowhomwhose指物和人指物指人指物和人主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)drills用合適的關(guān)系代詞填空1.Lookatthegirl_________issingingsobeautifully.2.Hegavemeapen___________heboughtlastweek.3.Maryhasreadallthebooks______Ilenther.4.Jimistheboy______hatisred.5.Doyouknowthewoman______ourteacheristalkingto?6.____

everyoneknows,Chinaisabeautifulcountrywithalonghistory.who/thatthat/whichthatwhosewhomAsdrills用合適的關(guān)系詞填空1.Sheisalwaysworkinghard，____everyonecansee.2.Thebook，______Iboughtyesterday,isveryinstructive.3.______everyonecansee,sheishonest.=Sheishonest，_______everyonecansee.4.______weallknow，smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.5.Tomsuddenlyfellill，_______madeusverysad.aswhichAsasAswhichdrills用合適的關(guān)系詞填空(1)Werewelltrainedbytheirmasters________hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals?(2)Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth__________givesofflightinthedark.(3)Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethose________aretotallyengaged(參與)inacademiclife.whothatwhodrills用合適的關(guān)系詞填空(4)Igrewupinasmallvillage________everybodyknewme.(5)Wehaveenteredintoanage_______dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.(6)Theirchildisatthestage________shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.

(7)Doyouknowtheman______spokeatthemeetingjustnow?(8)Thetrain____________hasjustleftisforShenzhen.

whenwherewhowhich/thatwheredrills用合適的關(guān)系詞填空(9)Ivisitedthevillage________manychildrencouldn’tgotoschoolbecauseofpoverty.我參觀了因?yàn)樨毨Ш芏嗪⒆硬荒苌蠈W(xué)的村莊。(10)Ivisitedthevillage_____________isfamousforitsbeautifulscenery.我參觀了因美麗的景色而聞名的村莊。

wherewhich/that二、定語(yǔ)從句4.關(guān)系副詞的用法(1)關(guān)系副詞when

典型用法when用作關(guān)系副詞，在定語(yǔ)從句作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。Doyouremembertheday_______

wefirstmet?你還記得我們第一次見(jiàn)面的那一天嗎？（定語(yǔ)從句是主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，不缺少賓語(yǔ)）when二、定語(yǔ)從句(1)關(guān)系副詞when

典型用法其先行詞是具體時(shí)間名詞，如day,month,year；還可以是抽象名詞，如age,stay,occasion等。Thereareoccasions_______onemustyield.任何人都有不得不屈服的時(shí)候。（先行詞occasions是典型時(shí)間名詞）when二、定語(yǔ)從句(1)關(guān)系副詞when

典型用法當(dāng)time表示“次數(shù)”時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)從句（可省略）；當(dāng)time表示“時(shí)間”時(shí)，用when引導(dǎo)從句。Thisisthefirsttime______

I’veheardthissong.I’llneverforgetthetime______

weworkedtogetherinthevillage.thatwhen二、定語(yǔ)從句(2)關(guān)系副詞where

典型用法where用作關(guān)系副詞，在定語(yǔ)從句作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。其先行詞既可以是具體地點(diǎn)名詞，如school,museum,centre；Thisisthehospital______

mysisterusedtowork.Theshop_______

Iboughtthisshirtisnotfarfromhere.我買這件襯衫的商店離這里不遠(yuǎn)。wherewhere二、定語(yǔ)從句(2)關(guān)系副詞where

典型用法（熱點(diǎn)，須牢記）還可以是抽象名詞，如point,case,situation,stage,race,position,job,意思為：“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”等。I’vecometothepoint

_____

Ican’tstandhim.我已經(jīng)到了無(wú)法容忍他的地步了。where二、定語(yǔ)從句(3)關(guān)系副詞why

典型用法why用作關(guān)系副詞，在定語(yǔ)從句作原因狀語(yǔ)。why還可以用于Thereasonwhy…isthat…句型。Thereason___

heislateisthathefailedtocatchthefirstbus.他遲到的原因是他沒(méi)能趕上第一班公共汽車。why二、定語(yǔ)從句(3)關(guān)系副詞why

典型用法注意如果定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞后缺少賓語(yǔ)，則應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞。

Thereason_______

hegaveforbeinglateisthathefailedtocatchthefirstbus.他給出遲到的原因是他沒(méi)能趕上第一班公共汽車。thatdrills用合適的關(guān)系副詞或介詞+關(guān)系代詞填空1.Isitthereason______________youwerelate?2.Irememberthatday_______________IsuddenlyfeltlikeGermanwasnolongeraforeignlanguage.3.Wewalkedinagarden_______________manytreesandflowershadbeenplanted.4.2001-2005aretheyears__________________Istudiedintheuniversity.why/for

whichwhen/duringwhichwhere/inwhichwhen/onwhich三、“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.先行詞指人，關(guān)系代詞用whom；先行詞指物，關(guān)系代詞用which。注意此結(jié)構(gòu)不能用that/who；I‘llneverforgettheday________

wemovedtoourhouse.

Thisistheteacher_________

I’mgrateful.onwhichtowhom三、“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句2.介詞選擇的原則：一看先行詞特殊搭配；Iwillneverforgettheday____whichIjoinedthearmy.二看從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞搭配；Mathematicsisthesubject

________

whichIammostinterested.三看整個(gè)語(yǔ)境邏輯。特殊結(jié)構(gòu)如inwhichcase,withwhosehelp等。Air,_______whichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.inonwithout三、“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句3.在特定情況下出現(xiàn)“介詞+whose+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，whose作定語(yǔ)。Thetool,withwhosehelpwefinishedthetask,isveryuseful.（withone’shelp是固定搭配）1.IwishtothankprofessorSmith,without

helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.2.TheDragonTower,from

topvisitorscanenjoyagoodsightofHarbin,attractshundredsoftouristseveryday.whosewhose用介詞＋關(guān)系代詞填空1.Canyoutellmethereason_____whichyouaresolate?2.Doyouliketheteacher_____whomshelearnedalot?3.Mycomputer,_________whichIcan’tsurftheInternet,brokedownyesterday.4.Whoistheperson_______

_______youjustshookhands?5.Chinaisapowerfulcountry,_______

_______weareproud.6.Thisisthetree_______

_______weusedtoplaygames.7.Thisismyglasses,_______

_______Ican’tseeclearly.8.Haveyoufoundthebook______________Ispent$29?forfrom

withoutwithwhomwithoutwhichunderwhichofwhichonwhich四、定語(yǔ)從句主謂一致1．定語(yǔ)從句先行詞作主語(yǔ)，that/which/who從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)保持一致。Anyonewhofailstofinishthetaskgivenshouldbecriticized.任何人不能完成指定的任務(wù)，都應(yīng)受到批評(píng)。ThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.凡是想去長(zhǎng)城的人在這里簽名。四、定語(yǔ)從句主謂一致2．定語(yǔ)從句先行詞是oneof…結(jié)構(gòu)，從句謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)；先行詞是theonly/veryoneof…，從句謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。Heisoneofthestudentswhohavereadthebook.他是看過(guò)這本書(shū)的學(xué)生中的一位。SheistheonlyoneofthegirlswhoknowsEnglish.她是那些女孩中唯一一位懂英語(yǔ)的。五、定語(yǔ)從句做題技巧特殊引導(dǎo)詞：1.as