必修第一冊(cè)Unit4

NaturalDisasters過(guò)關(guān)測(cè)試（考試時(shí)間：60分鐘試卷滿分：100分）I.詞匯檢測(cè)Thisisoneoftheworstnaturald__________(災(zāi)難)evertohitthearea.Theumbrellaisapoors____________(避身處)fromheavyrain.Wecannots__________(幸存)forlongwithoutfoodanddrink.Thefiremen____________(營(yíng)救)threewomenfromtheburninghouse.Unluckily,thehousethatwetalkedaboutisin____________(廢墟)．Thesoldiers____________(使陷入困境)theirenemiesandforcedthemtogivein.Sheb__________(掩埋)herfaceinherhandandweptwhensheheardthebadnews.Thewaters__________(供給)hasbeencutoffbecausetheworkersarerepairingthemainpipes.Theplanec__________(墜毀)intothemountain,butthepilotmanagedtosurvive.E_____________lineoperatorsmustalwaysstaycalmandmakesurethattheygetalltheinformationtheyneedtosendhelp.答案：disasters2.shelter3.survive4.rescued5.ruins6.trapped7.buried8.supply9.crashed10.EmergencyII.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Thesouthofthecountrywasworstaffectedbythe___________(dry).2.We_____________(slide)downtheroofanddroppedtotheground.3.Soldiersandvolunteersarestillsearchingfor_____________(survive).4.Thesignsofaneconomic_____________(revive)areonlyjustbeginning.5.Itsuddenly__________(strike)mehowwecouldimprovethesituation.6.Thenew____________(deliver)servicehastakenoffinabigway.7.Itcanbeusefultowriteashort_____________(summarize)ofyourargument(論點(diǎn))first.8.Theoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughvarietiesof____________(suffer)duringthewar.9.Thetyphoonhasleftatrailofdeathand__________(destroy)acrossmuchofcentralJapan.10.Ifeelmuch____________(affect)formymum,whosewordsandactionshaveapositiveeffectonme.1.drought2.slid3.survivors4.revival5.struck6.delivery7.summary8.sufferings9.destruction10.affectionIII.詞組填空inruins,cutacross,asusual,inshock,sufferfrom,onhand,causedamageto,sparenoeffortto…,surviveon,sweepaway,asif,1.Hewasbarely__________________hisearningsasanartist.2.Aftertheearthquake,thewholecitylay_________________.3.Hisfriendhas_________________illhealthforsomeyears.4.Heisn'tseriouslyinjuredbutheis_________________.5.Peoplevisittheirancestors’

graves(墳?zāi)?to______________thedirt.6.Weallknowthatwecan’tlive______________withoutgoodhealth.7.Wecangaintimeifwe_________________thisfield.8.Wewill__________________helpyou,butyoumustgetpreparedtomeetallkindsofdifficulties.9.Hetalkswithastranger_____________theyweregoodfriends.10.Theearthquake_____________________property(財(cái)產(chǎn)）about$6billion.答案：1.survivingon2.inruins3.sufferedfrom4.inshock5.sweepaway6.asusual7.cutacross8.sparenoeffortto9.asif10.causeddamagetoIV.課文語(yǔ)法填空Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunami___1___crashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday,____2____(kill)morethan6,500peopleinIndonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,andatleastfour___3______countries.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcars______4_________(sweep)awaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquakethatreached___5___magnitudeof9.0.“Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildren___6___waterstartedfillingmyhome.Wehadtoleaveeverythingandrunto__7___(safe),”saidChandraTheeravit,alocalThaiwoman.Thousandsofpeoplearestill______8______(miss),andthenumberof_____9______(die)isexpectedtogrowevenhigheroverthenextfewdays.Foreignaid________10___(organize)forthetsunami-hitcountries.However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.答案：1.that/which,2.killing,3.other,4.wereswept,5.a,6.when,7.safety,8.missing,9.deaths,10.isbeingorganisedV.閱讀理解ANaturaldisastersarenature’sanger,whichcanupseteventhemostdevelopedcountriesandmakethemintoruins.Thereisnothingwecandotostopsuchdisastershappening.Inthatcaseitisquitepossiblethatweareallshortofelectricity,water,food,etc.Thebasicnecessitiestobestoredfortimesofdisastersareexplainedbelow.Drinkingwaterisamustforanyhumantosurvive.Ithastobestoredbasedonthenumberofpeopleinthehousehold.Anormalhumanwouldconsumeagallonofwateraday.Foodisanimportantrequirement.Especiallyintimesofdisasters，ourbodieswouldbeweak.Richfoodisveryimportantinsuchtimesofdanger.Foodlikedryfruitswouldbeidealastheylastlongandgiveusenergy.AFirstAidKitandbasicmedicinesareamustanddoremembertostoresomeofthem.Certainbasicthingssuchasscissorsandsoapswouldbehandy.Itisagoodideatohavearadiotobeupdatedwiththeongoingnews.AnEarthquakePreparednessKitwouldbeofgreathelpinfightingagainstanearthquakeintheplaceswhereearthquakestakeplaceveryoften.However,thiscanhappenanywhereintheworldsoitisamustandshouldbewellequippedinadvance.Therearewindstormsthatcanleavebehindatrailofdestruction.TheUShassufferedfrommanytornadoes.Takingstepsinadvancetohandlesuchunforeseencircumstances(情況)isamust.Itisagoodideatoplananidealplacewhichwouldbehelpfulinprotectingyouandyourfamilyfromthestorm.Floodsandothernaturaldisastersprobablyhappenunexpectedlysomeday,soweneedtomakepreparationsforthem.Dotakestepsinadvance.Beingwellpreparedistheonlywaythatwouldhelpusrecoverfromsuchdisasters.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】文章大意：自然災(zāi)害是不可避免的，我們要提前做好準(zhǔn)備。1．Fromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthatnaturaldisasters__A__.A．can’tbepreventedbymanB．canbecontrolledbyhumansC．cantakeplacemoreoftenD．willruintheearthsomeday解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中第二句“Thereisnothingwecandotostopsuchdisastershappening.”可知，自然災(zāi)害是無(wú)法阻止的。故選A。2．Whichkindoffoodismostsuitableforstoringaccordingtotheauthor？__B__A．Meatandfish. B．Somedryfruits.C．Cakesandbread. D．Applesandpears.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中第七句“Foodlikedryfruitswouldbeidealastheylastlongandgiveusenergy.”可知，干水果是最理想的儲(chǔ)藏食物。故選B。3．Whatisthegoodwaytodealwithtornadoesaccordingtotheauthor？__B__A．Stayingoutsideofyourhousewithyourfamily.B．Planningasafeplaceforallyourfamilytostayat.C．Storingenoughwaterforyouandyourfamily.D．PreparinganEarthquakePreparednessKitearlier.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中倒數(shù)第二句“Itisagoodideatoplananidealplacewhichwouldbehelpfulinprotectingyouandyourfamilyfromthestorm.”可知，龍卷風(fēng)來(lái)臨時(shí)，為家人安置一個(gè)安全的地方躲避是好主意。故選B。4．Inthispassagetheauthormainlytellsreadersto__C__.A．fightagainstnaturaldisasters，withtheirfamilybravelyB．keepcalminthecircumstancesofnaturaldisastersC．preparenecessitiesfornaturaldisastersaheadoftimeD．takestepstoreducethedamageofnaturaldisasters解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中最后一句“Thebasicnecessitiestobestoredfortimesofdisastersareexplainedbelow.”以及最后一段“Dotakestepsinadvance.Beingwellpreparedistheonlywaythatwouldhelpusrecoverfromsuchdisasters.”可知，本文主要介紹的是提前為災(zāi)難來(lái)臨儲(chǔ)備好必需品。故選C。BAnewcollectionofphotosbringsanunsuccessfulAntarcticvoyagebacktolife.FrankHurley'spictureswouldbeoutstanding—undoubtedlyfirst-ratephoto-journalism—iftheyhadbeenmadelastweek.Infact，theywereshotfrom1914through1916，mostofthemafteradisastrousshipwreck(海難)，byacameramanwhohadnoreasonableexpectationofsurvival.Manyoftheimageswerestoredinanicechest，underfreezingwater，inthedamagedwoodenship.TheshipwastheEndurance，asmall，tight，Norwegian-builtthree-masterthatwasintendedtotakeSirErnestShackletonandasmallcrewofseamenandscientists,27meninall，tothesouthernmostshoreofAntarctica'sWeddellSea.FromthatpointShackletonwantedtoforceapassagebydogsled(雪橇)acrossthecontinent.ThejourneywasintendedtoachievemorethanwhatCaptainRobertFalconScotthaddone.CaptainScotthadreachedtheSouthPoleearlyin1912buthaddiedwithhisfourcompanionsonthemarchback.AswriterCarolineAlexandermakesclearinherforcefulandwell-researchedstoryTheEndurance，adventuringwaseventhenathoroughlycommercialeffort.Scott'slastjourney，completedashelayinatentdyingofcoldandhunger，caughttheworld'simagination，andafilmmadeinhishonordrewcrowds.Shackleton，aonetimeBritishmerchant-navyofficerwhohadgottowithin100milesoftheSouthPolein1908，startedabusinessbeforehis1914voyagetomakemoneyfrommovieandstillphotography.FrankHurley，aconfidentandgiftedAustralianphotographerwhoknewtheAntarctic，washiredtomaketheimages，mostofwhichhaveneverbeforebeenpublished.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是FrankHurley收集的照片把過(guò)去一次不成功的航?；顒?dòng)重新展現(xiàn)了出來(lái)。1．WhatdoweknowaboutthephotostakenbyHurley?A．Theyweremadelastweek.B．Theyshowedunderseasceneries.C．Theywerefoundbyacameraman.D．Theyrecordedadisastrousadventure.答案D[事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段中的theywereshotfrom1914through1916，mostofthemafteradisastrousshipwreck可知，這些照片記錄的是一次海難。]2．WhoreachedtheSouthPolefirstaccordingtothetext?A．FrankHurley. B．ErnestShackleton.C．RobertFalconScott. D．CarolineAlexander.答案C[事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句話中的CaptainScotthadreachedtheSouthPole可知，到達(dá)南極的是RobertFalconScott。]3．WhatdoesAlexanderthinkwasthepurposeofthe1914voyage?A．Artisticcreation. B．Scientificresearch.C．Moneymaking. D．Treasurehunting.答案C[事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段中的．..startabusinessbeforehis1914voyagetomakemoneyfrommovieandstillphotography可知，Alexander認(rèn)為他1914航行的目的就是為了掙錢(qián)發(fā)財(cái)。]CTheircheerysongbrightensmanyawinter'sday.Butrobinsareindangerofwearingthemselvesoutbysingingtoomuch.Robinsaresingingallnight—aswellasduringtheday，British-basedresearcherssay.DavidDominoni，ofGlasgowUniversity，saidthatlightfromstreetlamps，takeawaysignsandhomesisaffectingthebirds'biologicalclocks，leadingtothembeingwideawakewhentheyshouldbeasleep.DrDominoni，whoisputtingcamerasinsidenestingboxestotracksleepingpatterns，saidlackofsleepcouldputthebirds'healthatrisk.Hisstudyshowsthatwhenrobinsareexposedtolightatnightinthelab，itleadstosomegenesbeingactiveatthewrongtimeofday.Andthemorebirdsareexposedtolight，themoreactivetheyareatnight.Hetoldpeopleataconference，“Therehavebeenacoupleofstudiessuggestingtheyareincreasingtheirsongoutputatnightandduringthedaytheyarestillsinging.Singingisacostlybehaviourandittakesenergy.Sobyincreasingtheirsongoutput，theremightbesomecostsofenergy.”Anditisnotjustrobinsthatarebeingkeptawakebyartificiallight.Blackbirdsandseagullsarealsobeingmorenocturnal.DrDominonisaid，“InGlasgowwhereIlive，gullsareaseriousproblem.Ihavepeoplecomingtomesaying‘Youarethebirdexpert.Canyouhelpuskillthesegulls？’．Duringthebreeding(繁殖)season，betweenAprilandJune，theyareveryactiveatnightandverynoisyandpeoplecan'tsleep.”AlthoughDrDominonihasonlystudiedlightpollution，otherresearchconcludedthatrobinslivinginnoisycitieshavestartedtosingatnighttomakethemselvesheardoverloudnoise.However，somebirdsthrive(興旺)innoisyenvironments.AstudyfromCaliforniaPolytechnicStateUniversityfoundmorehummingbirdsinareaswithheavyindustrialmachinery.Itisthoughtthattheyarecapitalisingontheirpredators(天敵)fleeingtoquieterareas.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)調(diào)查研究的結(jié)果，由于人類制造的光線問(wèn)題，越來(lái)越多的鳥(niǎo)類如知更鳥(niǎo)在晚上也會(huì)唱歌，這極大地影響了鳥(niǎo)的健康。1．AccordingtoDrDominoni'sstudy，whatcausesrobinstosingsomuch?A．Thebreedingseason.B．Thelightinmodernlife.C．Thedangerousenvironment.D．Thenoisefromheavymachinery.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的“DavidDominoni，ofGlasgowUniversity，saidthatlightfromstreetlamps，takeawaysignsandhomesisaffectingthebirds'biologicalclock，leadingtothembeingwideawake...”以及第三段最后一句可知，是現(xiàn)代生活中的燈光使得知更鳥(niǎo)唱歌太多。故選擇B。]2．Whatistheresearchers'concernovertheincreaseofbirds'songoutput?A．Theenvironmentmightbepolluted.B．Thebirds'healthmightbedamaged.C．Theindustrycostmightbeincreased.D．Thepeople'shearingmightbeaffected.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Singingisacostlybehaviourandittakesenergy.”可知，唱歌唱得越多，鳥(niǎo)類就會(huì)損耗更多的精力，它們的健康也會(huì)因此受到損害。故選擇B。]3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nocturnal”inParagraph5mean?A．Activeatnight. B．Inactiveatnight.C．Activeduringtheday. D．Inactiveduringtheday.答案A[詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文的“Anditisnotjustrobinsthatarebeingkeptawakebyartificiallight.Blackbirdsandseagullsarealsobeing...”以及本段最后的“...theyareveryactiveatnight...”可知，這里的nocturnal與前面的awake應(yīng)該是近義詞，意為“夜間活動(dòng)的”。故選A。]4．Whydosomebirdsthriveinnoisyenvironments?A．Becausetherearefewerdangers.B．Becausethereismorefoodtoeat.C．Becausethereislesslightpollution.D．Becausetherearemoreplacestotakeshelter.答案A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段最后一句“Itisthoughtthattheyarecapitalisingontheirpredators(天敵)fleeingtoquieterareas.”可知，它們的天敵都去了更安靜的地方，在這些工業(yè)區(qū)，天敵更少，也就是危險(xiǎn)更少。]VI.完形填空Thewholeschoolwastalkingaboutthecomingtripatawintercamp.Andeveryonewas1,exceptme.“I’llhateit,”Itoldmyparents.“I’llgethomesick（想家的）.I’lllookstupidatwintersports,andeveryonewill2me.”“Youmightbesurprised,Bree,”saidMom.“Theonlywaytofindoutisto3.”“It’swhatgrowingupisallabout,”Dadadded.When4thecamp,wewereaskedtoshareone5.“I’mafraidI’llbehomesick,”someonesaid.Iwasn’ttheonlyone!Ibeganto6.Afterlunch,wewereaskedtoski（滑雪）downtothefield.Iskied7,butIstillhitapieceoficeand8.“Ha!Ha!”Behindme,somebodystartedlaughing.I9toseewhowasmakingfunofme.Tomy10,Isawagirlinthesameawkward（尷尬的）positionIwasin.“IthoughtI’dbebadatthis,11I’mworsethanIexpected!”shesaid.12,Istartedlaughingtoo.Afterbeingso13offalling,itwasacomfortnottofearitanymore.Atdinnertime,IwassohappytobetalkingaboutinterestingthingsthatI14tofeelhomesick.Thenextday,Iwas15totryskijumpingfirst,eventhoughIdidn'twantto.Butwhenmyfeetlefttheground,IfeltIwas16anditwaswonderful.MaybeDadwasrightwhenhesaid“Youmight17itifyougiveitachance!”Maybethekindof18MomandDadweretalkingabouthadmoretodowithmyoutlook（態(tài)度）thanmylooks.Weall19fittinginandfailingwhenwetry20things.Sometimesyou’regottofallonyourfacetodiscoverhowmuchyou’vegotincommon.1.A.strange B.sad C.nervous D.excited2.A.speakto B.waitfor C.laughat D.talkabout3.A.try B.dream C.change D.move4.A.searchingfor B.returningto C.makingup D.arrivingat5.A.story B.fear C.purpose D.fact6.A.eat B.ask C.relax D.sleep7.A.carefully B.interestingly C.finally D.quickly8.A.wentout B.gaveup C.ranaway D.felldown9.A.walkedaround B.stoodup C.lookedback D.steppedover10.A.shame B.surprise C.pleasure D.regret11.A.but B.so C.because D.or12.A.Quietly B.Hopefully C.Unhappily D.Suddenly13.A.tired B.proud C.certain D.afraid14.A.failed B.refused Cforgot D.stopped15.A.prepared B.chosen C.protected D.allowed16.A.flying B.crying C.learning D.dying17.A.prevent B.trust C.discover D.enjoy18.A.winningback B.showingoff C.growingup D.workingout19.A.catchup B.worryabout C.believein D.pointout20.A.new B.easy C.right D.popular【文章大意】在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中我們或許會(huì)害怕嘗試新事物，或許會(huì)害怕失敗，然而，這些都是成長(zhǎng)的必經(jīng)階段。在此過(guò)程中，我們需要以積極向上的態(tài)度來(lái)面對(duì)這一切。1.D根據(jù)該空后的exceptme和I’llhateit可知，作者不想去冬令營(yíng)，然而其他人都很“興奮（excited）”。故選D。2.C根據(jù)前半句I’lllookstupidatwintersports可知，由于不擅長(zhǎng)冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目，作者害怕別人會(huì)“笑話（laughat）”她。故選C。3.A作者的媽媽鼓勵(lì)作者自己去“嘗試（try）”。故選A。4.D根據(jù)文章首句中的thecomingtripatawintercamp可知，此處指“到達(dá)（arrivingat）”營(yíng)地。故選D。5.B根據(jù)下一句中的I’mafraidI’llbehomesick可知，大家分享一件“害怕的事（fear）”。故選B。6.C作者一開(kāi)始擔(dān)心自己會(huì)想家，擔(dān)心會(huì)被別人笑話，因此聽(tīng)到別人說(shuō)想家時(shí)，她開(kāi)始“放心（relax）”了。故選C。7.A根據(jù)上文中的I’lllookstupidatwintersports可知，由于作者不擅長(zhǎng)冬季體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，因此她“小心翼翼地（carefully）”滑雪。故選A。8.D根據(jù)該空前的Istillhitapieceofice可知，作者撞到一塊冰上，“摔倒了（felldown）”。故選D。9.C根據(jù)上一句Behindme,somebodystartedlaughing可知，有人在作者身后發(fā)出笑聲，因此作者“朝身后看去（lookedback）”，想知道究竟是誰(shuí)在笑。故選C。10.B根據(jù)該空后的IsawagirlinthesameawkwardpositionIwasin可知，作者原本以為有人在笑她，然而令她“詫異（surprise）”的是，有一個(gè)女孩也摔倒了。故選B。11.AIthoughtI’dbebadatthis與I’mworsethanIexpected之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選A。12.D女孩所說(shuō)的話讓作者也“突然（Suddenly）”笑了起來(lái)。故選D。13.D根據(jù)上文的描述可知，作者一直“害怕（afraid）”摔倒。故選D。14.C根據(jù)該空前的happytobetalkingaboutinterestingthings可知，作者在晚飯時(shí)和別人聊得很開(kāi)心，以至于“忘了（forgot）”想家。故選C。15.B根據(jù)后半句eventhoughIdidn’twantto可知，作者在第二天被“選中（chosen）”第一個(gè)嘗試跳臺(tái)滑雪。故選B。16.A根據(jù)該空前的myfeetlefttheground和該空后的itwaswonderful可知，作者感覺(jué)自己在“飛翔（flying）”。故選A。17.D作者在此體會(huì)到跳臺(tái)滑雪給她帶來(lái)的樂(lè)趣，因此，她認(rèn)同爸爸說(shuō)的“你嘗試后或許會(huì)“喜歡（enjoy）”上它的”。故選D。18.C根據(jù)上文中的“It’swhatgrowingupisallabout，”Dadadded可知，作者在此發(fā)出關(guān)于“成長(zhǎng)（growingup）”的感慨。故選C。19.B聯(lián)系全文的語(yǔ)境可知，在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中，當(dāng)我們嘗試“新（new）”事物時(shí)，我們都會(huì)“擔(dān)心（worryabout）”不適應(yīng)或是失敗，故選B。20.A聯(lián)系全文的語(yǔ)境可知，在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中，當(dāng)我們嘗試“新（new）”事物時(shí)，我們都會(huì)“擔(dān)心（worryabout）”不適應(yīng)或是失敗。故選A。VIII.閱讀七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoCelebrateWorldEnvironmentDayWorldEnvironmentDayisayearlyeventheldtoraiseglobalsenseoftheneedtoprotectourworld.__36.G__Peopleconsideritaclimax(高潮)ofenvironmentalactivitiesbeingperformedallyearroundbyUNEP.Beapartofthecelebrationstomakeourworldcleaner，greenerand