必修五unit5語法：從句中的省略一、狀語從句中的省略

由when，while，as,once，whenever引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句；或由if，unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句；由though，although，evenif，eventhough引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句；由asthough，asif，as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句；由wherever引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句，若從句的主句是it或與主句的主語相同，且在謂語中含有be時(shí)，常省略從句的主語和be。(1)當(dāng)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致時(shí),可以省略狀語從句中的主語和系動(dòng)詞be,這時(shí)從句中可出現(xiàn)如下結(jié)構(gòu):①連詞(as,asif,once+名詞)Once(hewas)ateacher,henowworksinagovernmentoffice.②連詞(though,whether,when)+形容詞Workhardwhen(youare)young,oryou’llregret.③連詞(when,while,though)+現(xiàn)在分詞While(Iwas)walkingalongthestreet,Iheardmynamecalled.④連詞(when,if,evenif,unless,once,until,than,as)+過去分詞⑤連詞(asif,asthough)+不定式Heopenedhismouthasif(hewere)tospeak.高考鏈接：

1.Whenfirst________tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.

A.introducingB.introducedC.introduceD.beingintroduced

2.Unless________tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.

A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited

BA3.Themanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedandlookedasif________whetherhewasgoingintherightdirection.

A.seeingB.havingseenC.tohaveseenD.tosee4.Generallyspeaking,________accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.

A.whentakingB.whentakenC.whentotakeD.whentobetakenDB

5.Unless________tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.

A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited

6.When________,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted

AA7.Though________money,hisparentsman-agedtosendhimtouniversity.

A.lackedB.lackingofC.lackingD.lackedin8.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce________nothingcanbedonetochangeit.

A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begunCD(2)當(dāng)從句主語是It,謂語動(dòng)詞有含有系動(dòng)詞be時(shí),可以把it系動(dòng)詞be一起省略。此時(shí)構(gòu)成連詞（if，unless,when，whenever）+形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Unless（itis）necessary，you‘dbetternotrefertothedictionary.另外,我們還可以用so或not代替上文內(nèi)容,此時(shí)可有if+so/not。Getupearlytomorrow.Ifnot(youdon’tgetupearly),youwillmisstheearlybus.Hemaynotbeathomethen,ifso(heisnotathome),leavehimanote.(3)在than或as…as引導(dǎo)的從句中,常含有一些成分在上下文清楚的情況下被省略。Hehasmadegreaterprogressthan(hedid)before/ever.Hecamehomeearlierthan(hewas)expected.Sheworksashardasyoungpeople.大家有疑問的，可以詢問和交流可以互相討論下，但要小聲點(diǎn)二、在限定性定語從句中作賓語的關(guān)系代詞that，which,whom可以省略；在以thesame...as和such...as引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，可以省略與主句相同的部分；theway后面的定語從句中，可以省略that，inwhich；在含被動(dòng)語態(tài)的定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞作主語時(shí)，可以省略關(guān)系代詞和be,省略之后,變成過去分詞短語作定語。高考鏈接：

9.—You'realwaysworking.Comeon,let'sgoshopping.

—________youeverwanttodoisgoingshopping.

A.AnythingB.SomethingC.AllD.That

10.Isthisthereason________atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?

A.heexplained

B.whatheexplained

C.howheexplained

D.whyheexplained

CA11.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut________hesaidit.

thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich12.Itiseasytodotherepair.________youneedisahammerandsomenails.A.SomethingB.AllC.BothD.Everything13.That'sanunpleasantthingtosayaboutyourfatherafter________he'sdoneforyou.A.somethingB.anythingC.allD.that

AAC三、賓語從句中的省略1）由which,when,where,how和why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，可全部或部分省去,只保留引導(dǎo)詞。Pleasepassmeoneofthesebooks,Idon’tcarewhich(youpassme).2)在I’mafraid,Ithink,Ibelieve,Ihope,Iguess等開頭的作答句中，后面跟so與not分別用于肯定或否定賓語是，賓語從句可省去。--Doyouthinkitwillrain?--Ihopenot(thatitwillnotrain).3.及物動(dòng)詞后跟兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的賓語從句時(shí)，只有第一個(gè)連詞that可以省略。Theysaid(that)shewasabeautifulgirlandthatshewasclever.

不定式省略,單獨(dú)使用不定式符號(hào)to①在expect,forget,hope,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,refuse,seem,try,want,wish，afford等后面。如:Iaskedhimtoseethefilm，buthedidn’twantto.②在have,need,ought,begoing,used等后面。③在某些形容詞pleased,glad,happy，eager，ready，willing等后面。--Willyoujointhegame?--I’dbegladto.④否定形式的省略用notto。如果不定式中含有be,have,havebeen,通常保留be,have,和havebeen。如:--Hehasn’tfinishedyet.--Well,heoughttohave.⑤在see，watch，hear，feel，observe，notice，listento等感官動(dòng)詞或短語及make，have，let等使役動(dòng)詞之后⑥can’t/couldn’thelpbutdosth.只好做某事（havenochoicebuttodosth.)–Haveyoueverbeentotheseaside?--No,wecan’taffordto(gototheseaside).高考鏈接：

14.Asyou'veneverbeentherebefore,I'llhavesomeone________youtheway.

A.toshowB.showC.showingD.showed

15.—I'llbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?

—Notatall,________.

A.IhavenotimeB.I'drathernotC.I'dlikeitD.I'dbehappyto

16.—DoesyourbrotherintendtostudyGerman?

—Yes,heintends________.

A./B.toC.soD.that

BDB17.—WouldyouliketogototheGrandTheatrewithmetonight?

—________.

A.Yes,I'dliketogototheGrandTheatre

B.I'dliketo,butIhaveanexamtomorrow

C.No,Iwon't

D.That'sright18.—Youshouldhavethankedherbeforeyouleft.