吉林2025自考[環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)]英語（二）模擬題及答案第一部分：選擇題（共20題，每題1分，計(jì)20分）注意：每題只有一個(gè)最佳答案。1.TheconceptofsustainabledesignisincreasinglyimportantinenvironmentalplanningbecauseitA.focusesonlyonaestheticvalues.B.minimizesresourceconsumptionandenvironmentalimpact.C.prioritizesindustrialdevelopmentoverecologicalprotection.D.ignoreslocalculturaltraditions.2.Inurbanlandscapedesign,theintegrationofgreenspaceshelpstoA.increasepropertyvaluessignificantly.B.reduceairpollutionandimprovebiodiversity.C.promotehigh-riseconstruction.D.eliminatetheneedforpublicparks.3.Theterm"LandscapeArchitecture"inChinatypicallyreferstoA.large-scaleruralplanning.B.urbandesignandecologicalrestoration.C.interiordecorationforresidentialspaces.D.industrialfacilitylayout.4.WhichofthefollowingisakeychallengeinenvironmentaldesignfornorthernregionslikeJilin?A.Excessiverainfallrequiringextensivedrainagesystems.B.Coldclimatesnecessitatingenergy-efficientmaterials.C.Highhumiditylevelsaffectingmaterialdurability.D.Overpopulationleadingtolimiteddesignspace.5.The"Five-YearPlan"inChinaoftenemphasizesA.rapidindustrializationwithoutenvironmentalcontrols.B.balanceddevelopmentbetweeneconomyandecology.C.completerelianceonforeigntechnology.D.suppressionoftraditionalarchitecturalstyles.6.BiophilicdesigninenvironmentalplanningaimstoA.reducebuildingcostsbyusingcheapmaterials.B.createspacesthatconnecthumanswithnature.C.maximizeartificiallightingtominimizeenergyuse.D.excludenaturalelementstoenhancemodernity.7.ThetraditionalKorean-stylegardensinJilinoftenfeatureA.waterfallsandrockformationstomimicnaturallandscapes.B.extensivemetalstructuresfordurability.C.minimalvegetationtosavemaintenancecosts.D.high-techirrigationsystems.8.Inthecontextofenvironmentaldesign,"LEEDcertification"referstoA.astandardfortoxicmaterialusage.B.acertificationforenergy-efficientbuildings.C.arequirementforhigh-riseconstruction.D.apenaltyforpollutionviolations.9.TheuseoflocalmaterialsinenvironmentaldesigncanhelptoA.increaseconstructioncostssignificantly.B.reducetransportationemissionsandsupportlocalcommunities.C.prioritizeimportedluxurymaterials.D.ignoresustainabilityprinciples.10.The"GreenBuilding"initiativeinChinapromotesA.theuseofnon-renewableresources.B.energy-efficientandeco-friendlyconstructionpractices.C.maximumglassusageforaestheticappeal.D.theeliminationoftraditionalarchitecturaltechniques.11.InJilin,thedesignofwinter-resistantpublicspacesmustconsiderA.excessiveheatretentiontoavoidoverheating.B.snowloadsandfrozengroundconditions.C.highhumiditylevelsaffectingvegetation.D.frequentfloodingduetorainwater.12.The"CircularEconomy"conceptinenvironmentaldesignemphasizesA.single-useproductsforconvenience.B.wastereductionandresourcereuse.C.massproductionofdisposableitems.D.unlimitedresourceextraction.13.WhichofthefollowingisacommonfeatureofmodernChineselandscapearchitecture?A.Extensiveuseofconcreteandsteel.B.Preservationofhistoricalruinswithoutmodification.C.Minimalistdesignswithnogreenery.D.Completerelianceonimportedforeignstyles.14.The"Eco-friendlyUrbanPlanning"policyinChinaaimstoA.increaseurbandensitywithoutconsideringenvironmentalimpact.B.reducepollutionandimprovelivability.C.prioritizecommercialdevelopmentoverresidentialareas.D.eliminatepublictransportationsystems.15.TraditionalChinesegardensoftenincorporateelementslikerockeriesandwaterfeaturestoA.serveasindustrialfoundations.B.createasenseofharmonywithnature.C.maximizeconstructionefficiency.D.hidestructuralweaknesses.16.Theroleofenvironmentaldesignindisaster-proneareaslikeJilin'sfloodzonesincludesA.encouraginghigh-riseconstructiontoavoidflooding.B.designingflood-resistantinfrastructure.C.ignoringenvironmentalregulationstosavecosts.D.promotingunrestrictedurbanexpansion.17.The"SpongeCity"conceptinChinafocusesonA.maximizingconcretesurfacestoreflectsunlight.B.absorbingandutilizingrainwatersustainably.C.eliminatingallgreenspacesinurbanareas.D.promotingurbansprawl.18.Inthecontextofenvironmentaldesign,"biodegradablematerials"refertoA.syntheticmaterialsthatneverdecay.B.materialsthatbreakdownnaturallyovertime.C.metalsusedforlong-termdurability.D.importedluxurymaterials.19.TheintegrationoftraditionalculturalelementsinenvironmentaldesignhelpstoA.eliminatelocalheritagetoadoptglobaltrends.B.preserveculturalidentitywhilepromotingmodernity.C.ignorehistoricalsignificanceforefficiency.D.prioritizeforeignarchitecturalstyles.20.TheuseofrenewableenergysourcesinenvironmentaldesigncontributestoA.higherenergycosts.B.reducedcarbonemissions.C.dependenceonfossilfuels.D.increasedpollution.第二部分：填空題（共10題，每題1分，計(jì)10分）注意：請(qǐng)根據(jù)語境填寫合適的單詞或短語。21.EnvironmentaldesigninnorthernregionslikeJilinmustprioritize_______toensuredurabilityinharshclimates.22.Theconceptof_______designemphasizestheconnectionbetweenhumansandnaturalelements.23.TraditionalKoreangardensinJilinoftenincorporate_______tocreateaharmoniouslandscape.24.The"GreenBuilding"initiativepromotestheuseof_______materialstoreduceenvironmentalimpact.25.The"CircularEconomy"aimstominimizewastethrough_______andreuse.26.Inurbanplanning,the"SpongeCity"conceptfocuseson_______rainwatersustainably.27.Environmentaldesigninflood-proneareasmustaddresschallengesrelatedto_______management.28.Theintegrationof_______elementsinmodernChinesearchitecturehelpspreserveculturalheritage.29."Biodegradablematerials"arepreferredinenvironmentaldesigntoreducelong-term_______.30.Theuseofrenewableenergysources,suchassolarpanels,contributesto_______emissions.第三部分：閱讀理解（共2篇，每題2分，計(jì)20分）Passage1SustainabledesignhasbecomeacornerstoneofenvironmentalplanninginChina,especiallyinregionslikeJilinwhereclimatechallengesaresignificant.Theintegrationofgreenspacesinurbanareashelpsmitigatetheeffectsofrapidurbanization,suchasairpollutionandheatislandeffects.TraditionalKorean-stylegardens,withtheiremphasisonnaturalelementslikerockeriesandwaterfeatures,offeratimelessapproachtocreatingharmoniousoutdoorenvironments.ModernenvironmentaldesignersinJilinareincreasinglyadoptingbiophilicprinciples,incorporatingnaturallight,vegetation,andopenspacestoenhancewell-being.Additionally,the"GreenBuilding"initiativeencouragestheuseoflocallysourced,eco-friendlymaterialstoreducetransportationemissionsandsupportlocalcommunities.Questions:31.Whatisakeybenefitofintegratinggreenspacesinurbandesign?A.Increasedpropertyvalues.B.Reducedairpollution.C.Higherconstructioncosts.D.Eliminationofpublicparks.32.HowdotraditionalKoreangardenscontributetoenvironmentaldesign?A.Byusingextensivemetalstructures.B.Throughminimalisticdesignstyles.C.Byincorporatingnaturalelements.D.Byprioritizingindustrialaesthetics.33.Whatisagoalofthe"GreenBuilding"initiative?A.Tomaximizeconcreteusage.B.Topromoterenewableenergy.C.Toignoreenvironmentalregulations.D.Toeliminatetraditionalmaterials.34.Whyisbiophilicdesigngainingpopularityinenvironmentalplanning?A.Toreducebuildingcosts.B.Toimprovehumanhealth.C.Toenhanceartificiallighting.D.Toexcludenaturalelements.Passage2The"Five-YearPlan"inChinahasplacedastrongemphasisoneco-friendlyurbanplanning,particularlyinregionslikeJilinwhereenvironmentaldegradationposessignificantchallenges.The"SpongeCity"concept,forinstance,focusesonabsorbingandutilizingrainwatertopreventflooding,acriticalissueinflood-proneareas.EnvironmentaldesignersinJilinarealsoexploringtheuseofbiodegradablematerialstoreducewasteandpromoteacirculareconomy.Traditionalarchitecturalstyles,suchasthosefoundinKoreangardens,arebeingrevisitedtoincorporateculturalelementswhilemaintainingmodernfunctionality.Additionally,thegovernmentencouragestheuseofrenewableenergysources,suchassolarpanels,toreducecarbonemissions.Theseeffortsaimtobalanceeconomicdevelopmentwithenvironmentalprotection,ensuringsustainablegrowthforfuturegenerations.Questions:35.Whatisaprimarygoalofthe"SpongeCity"concept?A.Toincreaseurbandensity.B.Toabsorbrainwatersustainably.C.Topromotehigh-riseconstruction.D.Toeliminategreenspaces.36.Howdobiodegradablematerialsbenefitenvironmentaldesign?A.Theyaremoreexpensivethansyntheticmaterials.B.Theybreakdownnaturallyovertime.C.Theyrequirefrequentreplacement.D.Theyareonlyusedinindustrialsettings.37.Whyistheintegrationoftraditionalculturalelementsimportantinenvironmentaldesign?A.Toeliminatelocalheritage.B.Topreserveculturalidentity.C.Toignorehistoricalsignificance.D.Topromoteforeignstyles.38.WhatisakeyfocusofChina's"Five-YearPlan"regardingurbanplanning?A.Maximumindustrialdevelopment.B.Sustainableandeco-friendlypractices.C.Eliminationofpublictransportation.D.Exclusiverelianceonimportedtechnologies.第四部分：翻譯題（共2題，每題5分，計(jì)10分）注意：請(qǐng)將下列句子翻譯成英語。39.在環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)中，利用可再生資源可以減少碳排放，促進(jìn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。40.傳統(tǒng)的中國園林通過融入自然元素，如山石和水景，營造出人與自然和諧共處的氛圍。第五部分：簡答題（共2題，每題5分，計(jì)10分）注意：請(qǐng)簡要回答下列問題。41.簡述“海綿城市”概念在環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)中的應(yīng)用。42.為什么在吉林等北方地區(qū)，環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)需要特別考慮冬季適應(yīng)性？答案及解析第一部分：選擇題答案1.B2.B3.B4.B5.B6.B7.A8.B9.B10.B11.B12.B13.A14.B15.B16.B17.B18.B19.B20.B解析：1.Sustainabledesignfocusesonminimizingenvironmentalimpact,makingBthecorrectanswer.2.Greenspacesimproveairqualityandbiodiversity,aligningwithB.3.InChina,LandscapeArchitectureinvolvesurbanandecologicaldesign,notinteriordecoration.4.ColdclimatesinJilinrequireenergy-efficientmaterials,soBiscorrect.5.TheFive-YearPlanbalanceseconomicandenvironmentalgoals.6.Biophilicdesignconnectshumanswithnature,makingBaccurate.7.TraditionalKoreangardensmimicnaturallandscapes,soAiscorrect.8.LEEDcertificationisforenergy-efficientbuildings.9.Localmaterialsreducetransportationemissionsandsupportcommunities.10.GreenBuildingpromoteseco-friendlyconstruction.11.Winter-resistantdesigninJilinmustaddresssnowloads.12.TheCircularEconomyemphasizeswastereductionandreuse.13.ModernChinesedesignusesconcreteandsteel,soAiscorrect.14.Eco-friendlyurbanplanningreducespollution.15.Traditionalgardenscreateharmonywithnature.16.Flood-resistantdesigniscrucialindisaster-proneareas.17.SpongeCityfocusesonsustainablerainwatermanagement.18.Biodegradablematerialsbreakdownnaturally.19.Integratingculturalelementspreservesheritage.20.Renewableenergyreducescarbonemissions.第二部分：填空題答案21.energyefficiency22.biophilic23.naturalelements24.eco-friendly25.recycling26.sustainable27.flood28.cultural29.pollution30.carbon第三部分：閱讀理解答案Passage131.B32.C33.B34.BPassage235.B36.B37.B38.B解析：31.Greenspacesreduceairpollution,makingBcorrect.32.Traditionalgardensusenaturalelements,soCisaccurate.33.GreenBuildingpromotesrenewableenergy,makingBcorrect.34.Biophilicdesignimproveshumanhealth,soBiscorrect.35.SpongeCityfocusesonrainwaterabsorption,soBis