Unit4-七年級(jí)第二學(xué)期英語(yǔ)單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理+同步練習(xí)（牛津譯林版）【詞匯短語(yǔ)歸納】followmetodosth跟著我做某事2.apathbetweenthehills山間的小路3.godown走下去goup走上去go/walkstraighton徑直走4.beafraidofsth/ofdoingsth/todosth.害怕某事/做某事5.alldaylong=thewholeday一整天6.liedown躺下lie—lay—lainlieonthegrass躺在草地上7.walkalongtheroad沿著道路走8.lookcute看上去可愛(ài)9.benorth/south/west/eastof在……北邊/南邊/西邊/東邊in/on/totheeastofin在里邊on有接壤to在外面tothenorthofthezoo在動(dòng)物園的北邊10.thekingsofanimalworld動(dòng)物世界的國(guó)王11.gonear走近12.turnleft/right向左/右轉(zhuǎn)13.makepeoplelaugh/happy使某人大笑/開(kāi)心14.jumparound到處跳15.infrontoftheshop在商店前面（外面）inthefrontoftheclassroom在教室前面（里面）16.inside/outsidetheshop在商店里/外17.overthebench在長(zhǎng)凳上方18.ontheleft/rightofsth在某物的左邊/右邊19.allkindsof各種各樣的differentkindsof不同種類的20.standoverthere站在那邊21.looklikehismother看起來(lái)像他的媽媽22.babypanda幼崽熊貓23.crossthebridge=goacross/overthebridge過(guò)橋24.walkpastthehouse=passthehouse經(jīng)過(guò)房子inthepast在過(guò)去halfpastten十點(diǎn)半25.walkalongthepath沿著小路走26.thethirdtreeontheleft/right在左/右邊的第三棵樹(shù)27.takethesecondturning/crossingontheright=turnrightatthesecondturning/crossing在第二個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)彎處/十字路口右轉(zhuǎn)28.atthetrafficlights在交通信號(hào)燈處29.atthecornerofthestreet在街道拐角處inthecorneroftheroom在房間的角落里anEnglishcorner英語(yǔ)角30.invite（sb）totheparty邀請(qǐng)(某人)去聚會(huì)aninvitationletter一封邀請(qǐng)函invitesbtosp/todosth邀請(qǐng)某人去某地/做某事prepareplentyoffoodanddrinksforus準(zhǔn)備大量的食物和飲料給我們preparesthforsb為某人準(zhǔn)備某物plentyof=lotsof/alotof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞32.getoutatExitA從出口A出去33.問(wèn)路用語(yǔ)HowcanIgetto……?Excuseme,whereis……Whichisthewayto……Canyoutellmethewayto……34.goforaclasstrip參加班級(jí)旅行35.getto/arriveat(in)/reachthestation到達(dá)車站W(wǎng)henwilltheyarrive?他們什么時(shí)候到達(dá)？36.remembertodo記得要做（沒(méi)做）rememberdoing記得做過(guò)（已做）37.belikeopenfans像寬大的扇子38.eattheleavesfromtrees.吃樹(shù)上的葉子39.laughatsb嘲笑某人40.quiteafew+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)相當(dāng)多quitealittle+不可數(shù)名詞42.sound聲音noise（noisy,noisily）噪音voice嗓音43.indanger處于危險(xiǎn)中indangerof有……的危outofdanger脫離危險(xiǎn)44.havetodo/mustdo不得不做，必須做Ihavenomoney,soIhavetoborrowmoneytobuyit.（客觀要求）Youmustbekindtoothers.（主觀想法）45.runfast/quickly跑得快befast/quick快46.onthe/one’swaytosp在去某地的路上home/here/there副詞前不加to47.theGreens格林一家（復(fù)數(shù)）48.playthepiano/violin/guitar彈鋼琴/彈小提琴/彈吉他playfootball/basketball/badminton踢足球/打籃球/打羽毛球【重點(diǎn)句型】1.Areyousure?（p42）你確定？besure表示確定的，句型有：besuretodosth.besureof/aboutsth.besure+that(句型同beafraid)【例題精講】1)Youaresuretoenjoythefilm.2)Areyousureoftheresult?3)I’msurethatsmokingisnotgoodforyourhealth.2.Thereisapathbetweenhills.(p42)那有條小路在山之間。between詞義在……之間，among詞義在……中，兩者區(qū)別between在兩者之間，among在一群當(dāng)中（三者及三者以上）。between后加人稱代詞的賓格形式在我和他之間betweenhimandme注意：thetrainbetweencitiesthebusinessbetweencountries3.Ithinkwehavetogoupagain.（p42)我覺(jué)得我們不得不再往上一次。(1)Ithink+that從句表示我認(rèn)為……，如果加的從句是否定句，那么否定要前移：Idon’tthinkitisgoingtoraintomorrow.我認(rèn)為明天不會(huì)下雨。(2)haveto不得不做某事否定形式don’thaveto表示沒(méi)必要做某事，等于don’tneedtodo，也等于needn’tdo.---MustIcleanmybedroomtoday?---Yes,Youmust./No,youneedn’t./don’thaveto./don’tneedto.4.SunshineZooisnorthofSunshineMiddleSchool.SunnyGardeniswestofthezoo.LakeParkissouthofSunnyGarden.SunshineParkiseastofLakePark.句型：be+方位詞+of...表示A在B的東邊/北邊/西邊/南邊……(注意A與B不接壤)同義句：be+方位詞+of...=betothe方位詞of比較：beinthe方位詞of...表示A在B的東邊/北邊/西邊/南邊……(注意A在B內(nèi)部)beonthe方位詞of...表示A在B的東邊/北邊/西邊/南邊……(注意A與B接壤)【例題精講】1.BeijingisinthenorthofChina.2.MongoliaisonthenorthofChina.3.JapanistotheeastofChina.=JapaniseastofChina.5.Whereareyougoingforourschooltrip?(p43)我們的學(xué)校旅行你準(zhǔn)備去哪里？(1)begoingto后可直接加某地表示打算去某地（一般將來(lái)時(shí)的概念）；(2)由于where是疑問(wèn)副詞，所以不加to。home,here,there前同樣不加to。同義句：Whichplaceareyougoingtoforourschooltrip.6.Isitfarawayfromourschool?(p43)它離我們學(xué)校遠(yuǎn)嗎？It’snorthoftheschool,aboutthreekilometresaway.(1)far是遠(yuǎn)的，是形容詞。與threekilometres處于同一位置，所以不能共存。(2)away是副詞，表示遠(yuǎn)離，可有可無(wú)。(3)from是從，是介詞，如果后面有賓語(yǔ)，就有from，如果沒(méi)有，那就不需要。【例題精講】1.Theparkis4kilometres(away)frommyhome.2.Theparkisfar(away).7.Gostraighton,andyou’llfindthePandaHouse.Turnleft,andtothewestoftheLion’sArea,you’llfindtheWorldofBirdsTurnright,andtotheeastoftheMonkeys’Forest,you’llseethegiraffes.Crossthebridge,andyou’llseetheelephants.(1)and是連詞，可以連接兩個(gè)單詞，短語(yǔ)或句子。如果and后是一個(gè)完整的句子，那么前面也必須是完整的句子。如果句子沒(méi)有主語(yǔ)，那么必定是祈使句。并且and的并列句要用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。同樣適用于其他連詞。這樣的句式可與if引導(dǎo)的條件句轉(zhuǎn)換：Workhard,oryouwillfallbehind.=Ifyoudon’tworkhard,youwillfallbehind.Takeataxi,andyouwillgetthereontime.=Ifyoutakeataxi,youwillgetthereontime.Hurryup,oryouwillbelateforschool.=Ifyoudon’thurryup,youwillbelateforschool.(2)cross表示從表面橫穿過(guò)，動(dòng)詞。通常指過(guò)河(crosstheriver)，過(guò)橋(crossthebridge)，過(guò)馬路(crosstheroad).across是介詞，詞義與cross相同。cross=goacross【例題精講】Becarefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.=Becarefulwhenyouwalkacrossthestreet. 8.Howwasyourtriptothezoo?Notbad.How可以問(wèn)狀況，howbesth?……怎么樣？How也可以問(wèn)方式，方法，怎么做……？你覺(jué)得……怎么樣：Howdoyoulike....?=Whatdoyouthinkof...?【例題精講】Howisthesoup?Howdoyougotoschooleveryday?Howdoyoulikethefilm?=Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?9.動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)整理讓某人做某事let/makesb.do 讓某人不要做某事let/makesb.notdo幫助某人做某事helpsb.do=helpsb.todo經(jīng)?？匆?jiàn)/聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人做某事see/hearsb.do 看見(jiàn)/聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人正在做某事see/hearsb.doing記得/忘記做某事remember/forgettodo 記得/忘記做過(guò)某事remember/forgetdoing10.Takethesecondturningontheright.同義句型：Turnrightatthesecondturning.11.HowdoIgetthere?問(wèn)路句型總結(jié)：Whichisthewayto....?Whereis....?Howdo/canIgetto...?Couldyoutellmehowtogetto....?Couldyoutellmethewayto....?WhichwayshouldIgoatthetrafficlights?12.Thenyou’llseeSunnyGardenatthecornerofthestreet.atthecornerof意為在……的角落，一般指路、街道的拐角；inthecornerof意一般指室內(nèi)的角落；onthecornerof指在……的角落上?！纠}精講】Sheiswaitingforthebusatthecornerofthestreet.Thereisafootballinthecorneroftheroom.Thereisafloweronthecornerofherbag.13.---Whichcinemadoyouwanttogoto?---TheoneatSunshineShoppingMall.(1)注意whichcinema做的是goto的賓語(yǔ)，所以句尾的to不能丟掉。(2)theone是特指，表示哪一個(gè)。答句只回答了疑問(wèn)詞whichcinema，并不是整句?！菊Z(yǔ)法詳解】冠詞冠詞分為兩類：定冠詞和不定冠詞。定冠詞是the，表示特指；不定冠詞有a和an，表示泛指。冠詞與名詞組合的短語(yǔ)：泛指：a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)：anappleapear不可數(shù)名詞前面不能加不定冠詞：water特指：the+可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞：theapplethepearsthewater不定冠詞不定冠詞表示泛指，即不強(qiáng)調(diào)具體哪一個(gè)，只是為了說(shuō)明類別。1.a和an的區(qū)別：a后面加輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞，an后面加元音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞?？疾閱卧~的發(fā)音：需要注意u發(fā)本身音就要用a，如ausefulbookauniversity其他要注意的短語(yǔ)是：aone-year-oldbaby當(dāng)h不發(fā)音的時(shí)候要用an：anhour2.不定冠詞的用法：1)用于可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式前，表示“一”。Thereisanappleontheplate.2)表示一類人或物。Atigerisadangerousanimal.3)第一次提到某人或某物。ThisisanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.4)表示“每一”Wehavethreemealsaday.5)在一些固定搭配中alotof/alittle/afew/apairof/asetof等定冠詞定冠詞(the)是this/these/that/those的總稱，放在名詞前，表示特定的事物或人。1.第二次提到某人或某物，用定冠詞theLook!Thereisaballunderthetable.Theballismine.2.用于指說(shuō)話雙方都知道的事物或人。Wouldyoumindclosingthewindow?3.放在序數(shù)詞前。Mondayistheseconddayoftheweek.4.放在形容詞最高級(jí)前。Heisthetallestboyinourclass.表示世上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物。thesunthemoontheearththeworldTheearthgoesaroundthesun.6.定冠詞放在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)前，表示“……一家”。TheGreensarefromAustralia.7.定冠詞和形容詞連用，也可以代表某類人或物。thepoor窮人們therich富人們thedisabled殘疾人們8.演奏西洋樂(lè)器時(shí)，樂(lè)器前需加the。如：playthedrums/playthepiano/playtheviolin9.用于方位名詞前。JiangsuisintheeastofChina.10.用于由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前。WearegoingtovisittheGreatWall.11.在一些固定搭配中。如：inthemorning在早上intheafternoon在下午intheevening在晚上inthemiddleof在……中間零冠詞零冠詞指的是不用冠詞的情況：1.復(fù)數(shù)名詞前不加冠詞可以表示一類人和事物Noodlesaremyfavorite.2.洲、國(guó)家、城市等地名和人名前不用冠詞WeliveinAsia.3.不可數(shù)名詞表示一類一般不用冠詞。Wouldyouliketodrinkwater?4.在季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)日、日期、等表示時(shí)間的名詞之前，不加冠詞；ItisverycoldinwinterinBeijing.5.在一天三餐、表示球類運(yùn)動(dòng)名詞前不用冠詞。Afterwehavelunch,wewillplayfootball.6.在與by連用的交通工具名稱前不加冠詞。Theyoftengotoschoolbybus.7.可數(shù)名詞前有物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格等限制時(shí)，不加冠詞。如：Thisdictionaryismine.8.在固定搭配中,名詞前不需要用冠詞。如：gotoschoolgotobed gotohospitalsitattable stayinbed inclass介詞介詞屬于英語(yǔ)中的虛詞，所以不能單獨(dú)作為句子成分，必須與其后的名詞、動(dòng)名詞、代詞、疑問(wèn)詞、不定式或從句等一起構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)。介詞之后的名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞、代詞的詞稱為介詞的賓語(yǔ)，簡(jiǎn)稱介賓。例句：Whoknowsthebeautifulgirlinyellow?Thankyoufortellingme.ShelookslikeherMom.介詞根據(jù)后面的名詞可以分為時(shí)間介詞，地點(diǎn)介詞，動(dòng)向介詞，方式介詞，原因介詞，涉及介詞，目的介詞等。1.時(shí)間介詞：before,after,at,on,in,around,from...2.方位介詞：at,on,in,over,above,under,below,behind,infrontof,beside....3.動(dòng)向介詞：through,across,along,up,down,around,past...4.方式介詞：by,with,on,as,in,like....5.原因介詞：for,with,becauseof6.涉及介詞：about,on,of,except,without....7.目的介詞：to,for...方位介詞在上面___________ 在下面_____________ 在旁邊___________ 在前面（外部）___________在后面___________ 在兩者之間_________ 在里面___________ 在前部（內(nèi)部）___________在外面___________在上海___________ 在校門口________________【答案】on;under;beside;infrontof;behind;between;in;inthefrontof;outside;inShanghai;attheschoolgate具體辨析：1)在“上”和在“下”介詞 用法 舉例on 表示在一個(gè)平面上。 onthefarm,onthewall,onthesecondfloorover 指在......的正上方，表示垂直在上。對(duì)應(yīng)詞是under。 Thereisabridgeovertheriver.above 指位置高于......，沒(méi)有垂直關(guān)系；也可以表示溫度的高低。below Helivesfourfloorsaboveme.指位置低于......，沒(méi)有垂直關(guān)系；也可以表示溫度的高低。 Thecoatreachesbelowtheknees.under 指在......的正下方，表示垂直在下。 Therearesomeballsunderthebed.總結(jié)：1)on表示接觸，不一定要在上方，但是一定要接觸，on的反義詞是off，表示脫離；2)above強(qiáng)調(diào)位置高于，一般用于樓層或者溫度，above的反義詞是below；3)over指正上方，一般指河上方有橋；over的反義詞是under。2)在……的東方/西方/南方/北方in+方位名詞 在…之內(nèi) 強(qiáng)調(diào)在范圍之內(nèi)：JiangsuisintheeastofChina.on+方位名詞 在…之外 強(qiáng)調(diào)與后者相鄰：ChangzhouisonthewestofWuxi.to+方位名詞 在…之外 強(qiáng)調(diào)不相鄰，隔著距離：JapanistotheeastofChina.in/on/totheeast/west/south/northof.....動(dòng)向介詞1.across 從表面越過(guò)、橫越、橫渡 Hecanswimacrosstheriver.2.through 從中間穿過(guò)、貫穿 Itisimpossibleforyoutogothroughtherainforestwithoutaguide.3.over 在空間范圍內(nèi)越過(guò) Theplaneflewoveralineofmountainsinthesoutheast.4.past 經(jīng)過(guò) Theywalkedpastapostoffice.5.along 沿著 Iwalkalongtheriver.6.around 環(huán)繞著 Theearthtravelsaroundthesun.7.up 向上Heisclimbingupthehill.8.down 向下Pleasegodown!9.into 到……里面 Hegoesintothebuildingat7:00.10.outof 到……外面 Pleasegooutoftheclassroom.【同步練習(xí)】詞匯拼寫1.Thereisalwaysmuch(交通)onthecityroads.2.Ourteachertoldusthat(聲音)cannottravelasfastaslight.3.Jimsitsinthe(角)oftheclassroom,ontherightside.4.Iamluckytohaveabedroomofmy____________(我自己).5.Sunshineschoolis（西南）ofthepark6.I’mhappyto____________(邀請(qǐng))youtoourparty.7.The(橋梁)makepeoplecrosstheriverseasily.8.Youcantakethe(第三)turningonyourright.9.Look!Who(躺)onthegrassoverthere?10.Thelightisred.Youcan't(過(guò))theroad.11.Shanghaiistothe（東南）ofNanjing.12.It’seasytogetlostinthe（森林）,therearetoomanytalltreesinit.13.Wewereverytiredafterthelongbus（旅游）toYunnan.14.Theboywantstobea（國(guó)王）whenhegrowsup.15.Isthere（足夠的）offoodinthefridge?16.Heoftenwalks(經(jīng)過(guò))myhousewhenhegoeshome.17.---Is_____________(人人)here?---No,Tomisillathome.18.It's(相當(dāng))coldinwinterinmyhometown.19._____________(長(zhǎng)頸鹿)arelovelyandkindanimalswithlongnecks.20.Don't____________(忘記)tocallyourmother,sheisworryingaboutyou.21.Lindastayeduplateand_______（準(zhǔn)備）herselfforthemathexamlastnight.22.Youneedtouseyourknowledge(知識(shí))toopenthe(寶藏)box.23.____________(跟隨)theteacherinclass,oryouwon’tbegoodatyourlessons.24.Walkpastthehouse,turnleft,walkalongthe（小路）neartheriver.25.Heisgoodattellingfunnystoriesandalwaysmakeshisgrandpa_________（大笑）happily.26.—Whatareyoulookingforwardto___________（得到）,Sandy?—AlovelyBarbie.27.Itis___________（危險(xiǎn)）forthegirlstogooutatnightalone.28.The___________（樹(shù)葉）turnyellowwhenautumncomes.29.Ifyouwanttogotothecinema,turnrightatthethird_____________（十字路口）30.Herearesomebeautifulskirtsof____________（他們的）.31.Weallhopetohavea_______（旅行）toNanjingsomeday.32.Mostofthebirdsgotothe(南部)tospendthecoldwinter.33.Please________（記?。﹖otakeeverything.Maybewewillneedthemlater.34.Anoldfriendof_________(我的)iscomingtoseeme.35.Wefeelsorryforthoseanimalsin_______（籠子）．36.Justgo_______（徑直）alongtheroadandyou'llseethebookshoponyourleft.37.Icanbuysome_______（明信片）intheshoppingmall.38.-Canyoutellmethewaytothe_______（銀行）?-Yes,goalongthisstreetandyou'llfinditonyourright39.Look!Theoldmanis_______（穿過(guò)）theroad.40.-Whatdopandasliketoeat?-Theyliketoeat_______（竹子）.41.Whata_____________(有趣的)storyyoutold!We’dliketolistenagain.42.Takethefirst____________（轉(zhuǎn)彎處）ontheleft,andyou’llfindthepostoffice.43.---Where’sthebox?---It’sunderthe___________(第四)chaironyourleft.44.Herdressissobeautiful.Iwanttobuyonelike___________(她的).45.Wewanttopaintall___________(凳子)green.【答案】1.traffic 2.sound 3.corner 4.own 5.south-west6.invite 7.bridges 8.third 9.lying 10.cross11.south-east12.forest13.trip14.king15.plenty16.past17.everyone18.quite19.giraffes20.forget21.prepared22.treasure23.Follow24.path25.laugh26.getting27.dangerous28.leaves29.crossing30.theirs31.trip32.south33.remember34.mine35.cages36.straight37.postcards38.bank39．crossing40.eresting42.turning43.fourth44.hers45.benches用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Everybodyinourclass(like)English.2.Mymotherissick.Ihave____________(look)afterherathome.3.Therearetwo______________(turn)ontheright.Youcantakethefirstone.4.MrGreenleaveshisofficeafter(make)atelephonecall.5._____________(notworry)aboutme.Icandoitwell.6.Howlongdoeshemakehisson(play)thepianoeveryday?7.Tommylikestowatchthegoldfish(swim)aroundinthewater.8.HappyCamp(start)atabout8:00everySaturdayevening.9.Ienjoy___________(invite)myfriendstocometomyhome?10.Lookatthesign.It(say)"Noparking".11.Iliveinaflatin______(nine)Street.12.Whereshallwe_______(meet)tomorrowmorning?13.Couldyoutellmehow_______(get)toStarShoppingMall?14.Thetrafficis_______(danger)forus.15.Peopleintheneighbourknoweachotherverywellandtheyarevery_________(friend).16._______(notbe)lateforschoolagain!17.IthinkSunshineTownisawonderfulplace________(live)in18.Wewouldlikeyoutwo_______(come)toourparty.19.Thestudents_______(notgo)totheGreatWalltomorrow.20.Thereissomethingunderthegroundinfrontofthe_______(three)treeontheleft.21.I__________（call）youbackifIamfreetomorrow.22.Myparentsarebusynow.They__________（prepare）formybirthdayparty.23.It’ssocoldoutside.Doyouthinkit___________（snow）?24.Thebaby___________（lie）inbed.Howcuteheis!25.Mr.Wangalways_________（remember）tobringpresentstothechildren.Heisagoodfather.26.--Howaboutsomeicecream?---___________(sound)good!27.Tom’sfatherisan___________(office)inthegovernment.28.Remember________(buy)someeggsonyourwayhome,Jim.Ineedthemtocookdinner.29.They_________(arrive)homeinthirty