U2GrammarWordFormation

Doyourememberthesentencesandexpressionsfromthereadingpassage.

1hamburgereggplantpineapplesculpturepaintingseasickcarsickairsickhomesickhomeworkhouseworkhardlysoftlyharmfulharmlessshamefulshamelessrainrainingsnowsunshineWHOITUSabbreviatevt.縮寫

前綴后綴詞性

Abbreviation縮略法Conversion轉(zhuǎn)化法Derivation派生法Compounding合成法結(jié)合abcd共四種構(gòu)詞法1P17Exercise1Matchthewordsinboldtothetypesofwordformation.Guess(PairWork)1.The

pickpocketwascaughtwhilestealing

themoneyfromagirlonthebus.2.Tosafeguardthecountryisoneofthemostimportanttasksofthearmy.扒手捍衛(wèi)，保衛(wèi)合成法將兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的單詞根據(jù)一定的規(guī)則組合成一個(gè)新詞。合成詞拆開后，仍有各自的意義。classroom教室greenhouse溫室合成法：復(fù)合名詞taxfree免稅的evergreen常綠的合成法：復(fù)合形容詞brainwash洗腦overwork加班合成法：復(fù)合動(dòng)詞即學(xué)活用寫出下列單詞的漢語(yǔ)意思(1)sunflower

_______(2)far-reaching ___________(3)gentleman

_____(4)raincoat

_____(5)good-tempered _________(6)outdoors

______________向日葵意義深遠(yuǎn)的紳士雨衣好脾氣的在戶外,在野外Wordsformedbycombiningotherwordsarecalledcompounds,forexample,1___________(afriendthatyoucontactbywriting,traditionallyusingapen)and2___________(knownbymanypeople).act做表演法令reactinteractenacttransact回應(yīng)，反應(yīng)相互作用制定法令交易action行為，行動(dòng)active活躍的，積極的actual真實(shí)的，現(xiàn)實(shí)的前綴+后綴：inactive不活躍的，懶惰的派生法在一個(gè)詞上附加前綴或后綴構(gòu)成新詞。分類舉例常見(jiàn)否定前綴il-→illegal非法的

un-→unhappy不高興的im-→impatient不耐煩的dis-→disappear消失in-→incorrect不正確的non-→nonstop不停的ir-→irregular不規(guī)則的分類舉例表示其他意義的常見(jiàn)前綴anti-(反對(duì);抵抗)→antiwar反戰(zhàn)的sub-(下面的)→subway地鐵inter-(互相)→Internet互聯(lián)網(wǎng)re-(再;又)→rewrite重寫en-(使……)→enrich使富足pre-(前;預(yù)先)→preview預(yù)2.單詞+后綴:一般不改變?cè)~的基本含義,只改變其詞性。①ThereisagrowingneedforqualifiedteachersofBusinessEnglish.teach+-er,表示人,意為“教師”②Notallpeoplecanmakethisachievement.achieve+-ment,抽象名詞,意為“成就,成績(jī)”分類列舉舉例常見(jiàn)名詞后綴-er/-or(從事……的人)-ese(某地人)-ess(女性)-ian(……的人)-ist(專業(yè)人員)-ment(性質(zhì);狀態(tài))-ness(性質(zhì))-tion/-ation(動(dòng)作;過(guò)程)-dom(狀態(tài);區(qū)域)teacher教師Japanese日本人actress女演員musician音樂(lè)家artist藝術(shù)家movement運(yùn)動(dòng)darkness黑暗invention發(fā)明freedom自由分類列舉舉例常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞后綴-en(多用于形容詞后)-fy(使……化)-ize(使……成為)widen加寬beautify美化realize意識(shí)到常見(jiàn)形容詞后綴-al,-able,-an,-ful,-ive,-less,-like,-ly,-y,-ous,-somenational民族的reasonable合理的American美國(guó)的careful細(xì)心的active有活力的分類列舉舉例常見(jiàn)副詞后綴-ly(用于形容詞后表示方式或程度)-ward(s)(表示方向)quickly迅速地angrily生氣地northward朝北upward(s)向上常見(jiàn)數(shù)詞后綴-teen,-th,-tythirteen十三fourth第四fifty五十即學(xué)活用單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)IwouldliketovisitParis.Itisoneofthegreatesttourist___________

(attract)intheworld.(2)Afterworkingforawholeday,Janelayback____________

(comfortable)onthebed.(3)Thanksverymuchforyour_________(kind).attractionscomfortablykindnessPrefixesandsuffixesoftenhavefixedmeanings.Ifyouaddun-orin-toaword,thenewwordusuallymeanstheopposite.Forexample,ifsomethingisn'tcorrectit's3____________,andifsomeoneisn'thappythey're4___________.Wordswiththesuffixes-mentand-nessareoftennouns.Forexample,ifsomebodyhasimprovedalot,theyhavemadegreat5___________.判斷詞義及詞性。1.Thelittlegirldidn’tdaretofacethemousesoshecovererherfacewithherhands.2.Thenursecalm

downthepatientwithcalm

words.動(dòng)詞名詞動(dòng)詞形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化法將一種詞性的詞轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種詞性，而詞形不變。Wemustshouldertheresponsibilities.?Haveyoubookedtheticket?Handinyourpapersplease.Shenursedherhusbandbacktohealth.Somenounsandadjectivescanbeusedasverbs,ortheotherwayround.Whenwecalmsomebodydown,theybecome6_________.Andwecangivesomeoneapresentby7_________it.advertisementgymnasticsinfluenzaadgymflu把詞的音節(jié)加以簡(jiǎn)化或省略?？s略法APPVIPMVPWTO應(yīng)用程序非常重要的客戶非常優(yōu)秀的選手世界貿(mào)易組織Andsometimesawordismadeupofthefirstlettersofseveralwords:"WorldTradeOrganization"canbereferredtoas______,and_______isshortfor"assoonaspossible".So,itisimpossibletoknowthemeaningofeveryword,butknowingaboutwordformationcanhelpusguesstheirmeanings.Chooseonetypeandcomeupwithasmanywordsaspossible.□abbreviating□changingthepartofspeech□addingaprefixorsuffix□combiningtwoormorewordsWhathavewelearnttoday?英語(yǔ)構(gòu)詞法合成法轉(zhuǎn)化法派生法縮略法Areyoumoreconfidentaboutguessingwordsnow?Yes!!!LookatthepicturesandgettoknowtheAmericanEnglishwordsandtheirEnglishequivalents.asubway(AE)/underground(BE)bhighway(AE)/motorway(BE)ctheater(AE)/theatre(BE)dgas(AE)/petrol(BE)eapartment(AE)/flat(BE)felevator(AE)/lift(BE)Keys:Nowcompletethepassagewiththewordsabove.Today,AmericanEnglishisincommoninternationaluse.ItisdifferentfromBritishEnglishinseveralways,mostlyinspellingandvocabulary.SomeAmericanspellingswerecreatedbyNoahWebster,whomadeoneofAmerica’sfirstdictionaries.Hechanged“-re”spellingto“-er”,whichiswhy________isspelt________inAmericanEnglish.theatretheaterTheAmericansandtheBritishalsousedifferentwordsforeverydaythings.Forexample,Americanstalkabo