高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省濟(jì)南市2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末檢測英語試卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）該部分分為第一、第二兩節(jié)。注意：回答聽力部分時，請先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，聽力部分結(jié)束前，你將有兩分鐘的時間將你的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到客觀題答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15.B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillthewomando?A.Watchamovie. B.Visitapatient. C.Checktheweather.【答案】B【原文】M:Howabouttakinginafilm?W:Canyougivemearingcheck?Ipromisedmyaunt.I’dvisitherinthehospitallater.2.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.There’slittleraininTexas. B.Hedislikesrainyweather. C.ItoftenrainsinTexas.【答案】C【原文】W:Ihatetodriveintrafficlikethis.M:Especiallywhenit’sraining.YouthinkthisisbadinTexas?Alittlerainlikethisisnothing.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inarepairshop. B.Inacamerastore. C.Inaphotographystudio.【答案】B【原文】W:WhatcanIdoforyousir?M:Well,mycameraisn’tworkingproperly.Canyourepairit?W:I’msorry,sir,weonlysellphotographyequipment.However,there’sarepairshopjustdownthestreet.M:Well,allright.4.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodofortheman?A.Sendhimhome. B.Makeacopyofnotes. C.Lendhimhernotebook.【答案】C【原文】M:I’vebeenhomeinbedallweek.It’sgoingtobetoughcatchingupwithoutnotes.M:Wouldyouliketousemine?W:That’sverykindofyou.5.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Thenumberoftalks. B.Thetimebetweentalks. C.Thequestionsaftertalks.【答案】B【原文】W:Jack,Iwasjustlookingattheschedule.Thesetalksseemtooclosetogether.Pusheachtalkbackatleast10minutes.M:Iforgotthere’ssupposedtobeenoughtimeforquestionsaftereachtalk.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.WhyisthewomanunwillingtogotoMexico?A.Shedoesn’thaveenoughmoney.B.Shewantstotrysomewherenew.C.Shedoesn’tliketheweatherthere.7.Wherewillthewomanprobablygo?A.Spain. B.Ireland. C.England.【答案】6.A7.B【原文】M:Whereareyougoingtorelax?Haveyoumadeupyourmind?W:Notreally.IthoughtofgoingtoSpainagain,butI’vealreadybeentheretwiceandI’dliketotrysomewherenew.M:Mybrother’sjustbeentoMexicofortwoweeks,hejustcamebacktoLondonyesterdayandheseemstobehavingagoodtimeandtheweather’snicethere.Whydon’tyougothere?W:That’sokayforyouwelloffpeople,butIcouldn’tpossiblyaffordit.I’mmuchtoohardupatthemoment.M:ThenIthinkyoucouldgotoIreland.Iheardit’sverybeautiful.W:Soundsgood.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatisthemainpurposeofthecall?A.Toreportanincompleteorder.B.Toconfirmtheorderbalance.C.Tocancelanorder.9.WhatdidIanforgettodo?A.Contactasupplier. B.Meetwithsomeclients. C.Informthewomanofadelay.10.Howmanypinkroseswillthewomanreceive?A.50. B.100. C.200.【答案】8.A9.C10.C【原文】W:HiLan,thisisMichellefromMichelle’sflowershop.Wejustreceivedourwholesaleorder,butthepinkrosesaremissing.M:Oh,sorry,Ishouldhavetoldyouthatmysuppliercan’tgetthemtomeuntiltomorrow.W:I’vehadsomecustomersrequestingpinkrosesrecently,socouldyoupleaseshipthemassoonasyoucan?M:Absolutely.I’llsendthetruckbacktoyoutomorrowwiththepinkroses.W:Andactually,I’veordered100flowers,butcouldyoudoublethatplease?M:Sure,andI’llsendyouarevisedbillaswell.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A.Hewentbacktocollege. B.Heinvitedsomefriendshome. C.Hecookeddinnerforhismother.12.Whydidtheman’smothergetangry?A.Hemessedupthehouse. B.Hedidn’tfinishhisfood. C.Heforgottowashthecar.13.Whatdidtheman’smotherdecidetodointheend?A.Cutoffhispocketmoney. B.Cleanthehouseonherown. C.Stophimmeetingthewoman.【答案】11.B12.A13.A【原文】M:Ihadanargumentwithmymomlastnight.W:Whatwasitabout?M:Well,Ididn’thavetogotocollegeyesterday,soIaskedafewfriendstocomeoverwhenshearrived.Shewasreallyangry.W:Why?M:Oh,youknow,thereweresomedirtyplatesandleftoverseverywhere.Anyway,shesaidIcouldn’tgooutbecauseIhadn’ttidiedthehouseandIhadn’twashedup.W:Soyouwashedup?M:Yeah,butshewasstillangry.SheseemedtoforgetallthethingsIdidtohelp,soIsaidIhadwashedthecartheweekbefore,butthatseemedtomakeherangrierbecauseIforgotthatshepaidmetodothat.W:Sowhatdidshesaythen?M:ShesaidshewasgoingtokeepmypocketmoneythisweeksoIcan’tgoouttonightwithyoubecauseIhaven’tgotanymoney.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.Whatcouldthemanprobablybe?A.Ashopkeeper. B.Ashoppingguide. C.Auniversitystudent.15.Whatmadethewomanalwaysshopatthissupermarket?A.Itslocation. B.Itsservice. C.Itsprice.16.Whatdayisittodayprobably?A.Monday. B.Wednesday. C.Thursday.17.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheworksfivedaysaweek.B.Shealwaysdoestheshoppingalone.C.Shethinksshoppingonlineisconvenient.【答案】14.C15.A16.C17.B【原文】M:Excuseme,I’mdoingresearchaboutpeople’sshoppinghabitsforauniversitypaper.Canyouspareafewminutestoanswersomequestions?W:Oh,allright,M:Great.Howmanytimesaweekdoyoudothefoodshopping?W:Well,usuallyonceaweek.M:Doyouusuallyshopaloneorwithsomeoneelseinyourfamily?W:Oh,IalwaysdoitonmyownifIgowithothers.Theyalwaysputtoomanythingsintheshoppingbasketanditcostsmeafortune.M:Right.Anddoyoualwaysshopatthissupermarket?W:Yes,it’sveryclosetomyhouse,soit’sveryconvenient.M:Anddoyoutendtodotheshoppingonthesamedayoftheweek?W:Yes,actually,IalwaysdoitonThursdaybecauseIworkfromMondaytoWednesdayandtherearefewerpeopleinthesupermarketthatday.M:Great.Finally,wouldyoueverconsiderusingacomputertodoyourshoppingonline?W:Well,whatIlikeisbeingabletoseetheproductsandwalkingaroundtheshop.M:Okay.Thanksforyourtime.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18.WhatisGregdoing?A.Leadingatour. B.Doingapromotion. C.Hostinganexhibition.19.Whenwasthemuseumopened?A.Inthe1850s. B.Inthe1950s. C.Inthe2000s.20.Whatcanwelearnabouttheglasscollections?A.Theyaredonatedbyseveralartists.B.Theyareclosetoeverydaylife.C.Theyareleftunchanged.【答案】18.A19.A20.C【原文】M:Goodmorningandwelcometothemuseum,onewitharemarkablerangeofexhibits.MynameisGreg,andI’lltellyouaboutthevariouscollectionsaswegoaround.Butbeforewego,letmejustgiveyouatasteofwhatwehavehere.Well,foronething,wehaveafinecollectionof20thand21stcenturypaintings,manybyverywell-knownartists.Thentherearethe19thcenturypaintings.Themuseumwasopenedinthemiddleofthatcentury,andseveraloftheartistseachdonatedoneworktogetthemuseumstarted,asitwere.Sothey’reofspecialinteresttous.Wefeelclosertothemthantootherworks.Allourglasswaslefttothemuseumbyitsfounderwhenhediedin1878.Andinthetermsofhiswill,we’renotallowedtoaddanythingtothatcollection.Hebelieveditwasperfectinitself,andwedon’tseeanyreasontodisagree.Okay,thatwassomethingaboutthecollections,andnowhere’ssomemorepracticalinformationincaseyouneedit.Mostofthemuseumfacilitiesaredownstairs,soyougodownthestairshere.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AVolunteeringinSportsEducationinCostaRicaVolunteertoteachsportsinCostaRicaandmakeadifferenceinthelivesofdisadvantagedschoolchildreninruralAlajuelaprovince.InLatinAmerica,physicaleducationisanimportantpartofthecurriculum,butbudgetrestrictionsmeanthatmanyschoolscan’taffordtoemployafull-timeP.E.teacher.Sportseducationvolunteersprovidestudentswiththeopportunitytolearnnewsports,developtheirskillsandgenerateenthusiasmforfitness.Tasks●Teachingchildrenaboutnewsports●Assistingteachersinpreparingsportsclasses●Keepinganeyeonchildrenduringbreaksandlunch●Aidingandorganizingsportstrainingandinter-schoolcompetitionsQualificationYoudon’tneedtohaveanyprofessionalsportsexperiencebutateachingqualificationisneededtojointheproject.Therewillalwaysbeateacheravailableforsupervision(監(jiān)督)andlanguagehelp.However,ifyouhaveaparticularskillorexperienceinaspecificsport,feelfreetoshareyourinsightswiththestudents.RequirementsandScheduleAge18+LanguageSpanishStartDatesEveryotherMondayScheduleMonday—Thursday(4days/week)WorkingHours●Morning:7:00a.m.-12:00a.m.●Afternoon:1:00p.m.-3:00p.m.ClosedDates●Dec.2ndweek—Feb.2ndweek●1weekbeforeEaster●Thefirst2weeksofJulyNote:Projectpausesduringclosureperiods;workinghoursmayvarybyschool.Ifyouarepassionateaboutsportsandfitness,downloadourprogrambrochuretofindoutmoreaboutvolunteeringinsportseducationinCostaRica.21.WhydomanyschoolsinLatinAmericalackfull-timeP.E.teachers?A.Theyfaceinsufficientfunding. B.Theyfocusmoreonacademics.C.Theyhavepoorsportsfacilities. D.Theydisregardstudents’fitness.22.Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?A.InstructP.E.teaching. B.Providefinancialsupport.C.Guaranteestudents’safety. D.Participateincompetitions.23.Whichdaymaybeaworkingday?A.December20th. B.February3rd. C.July8th. D.October31st.【答案】21.A22.C23.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了哥斯達(dá)黎加體育教育志愿項(xiàng)目，含為農(nóng)村貧困學(xué)童教體育、協(xié)助課程準(zhǔn)備等任務(wù)，需18歲以上、懂西班牙語，每周一至四工作，還說明缺專職體育教師因預(yù)算限制及工作時間等?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“InLatinAmerica,physicaleducationisanimportantpartofthecurriculum,butbudgetrestrictionsmeanthatmanyschoolscan’taffordtoemployafull-timeP.E.teacher.(在拉丁美洲，體育教育是課程的重要組成部分，但預(yù)算限制意味著許多學(xué)校無法雇傭全職體育教師)”可知，許多拉丁美洲的學(xué)校缺乏全職體育教師是因?yàn)樗鼈兠媾R資金不足的問題。故選A?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Tasks部分“Teachingchildrenaboutnewsports;Assistingteachersinpreparingsportsclasses;Keepinganeyeonchildrenduringbreaksandlunch;Aidingandorganizingsportstrainingandinter-schoolcompetitions.(教孩子們新運(yùn)動；協(xié)助教師準(zhǔn)備體育課；課間和午餐時照看孩子；協(xié)助組織體育訓(xùn)練和校際比賽)”可知，志愿者要照看孩子、保障學(xué)生安全。故選C?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RequirementsandSchedule部分“Monday—Thursday(4days/week)(星期一到星期四（每周4天）)”以及“ClosedDates●Dec.2ndweek—Feb.2ndweek●1weekbeforeEaster●Thefirst2weeksofJuly(關(guān)閉日期：12月第二周至2月第二周；復(fù)活節(jié)前一周；7月的前兩周)”可知，10月31日可能是工作日。故選D。BWhenJackDawsonwasjust2-year-old,itbecameobviousthathedreamedaboutbecomingaparamedic,anemergencycaregiver.HisgrandfatherownsafirstresponsecompanyinStaffordshire,England,andJackwouldridealonginhisambulanceswiththeflashingbluelights.Byagethree,hewouldstart“randomlyperformingCPRonhistoybear,pressingitschest”,saidhismother,Danielle.“MyhusbandandIdecidedtoteachhimfirstaid.Helovesit.”JackquicklygraspedtheactofCPR,understandingthedifferentrecoverypositions,andlearnedhowtouseadefibrillator,amachinethatstartstheheartbeatingagainafteraheartattack.Then,atageseven,overseenbyhisfatherandothertrainers,theyoungsterstartedtoleadworkshopsessionsofhisownfortheircharity.TamworthHaveAHeart,whichaimstomakeAutomatedExternalDefibrillators(AED)publiclyaccessibleandtrainpeopletousethemconfidently.JackteachesbothchildrenandadultshowtoperformCPRandusedefibrillators,whilealsokeepinganeyeonhistowncentreandcheckingthatthepublicdefibrillators’padsandbatteriesareuptodateandfitforuse.Thesessionsoftendraw20to40peopleandsometimesJackgivespresentationsinfrontof100people.Hedoesstep-by-stepdemonstrationsonhowtoperformCPR,informingpeopleaboutthedangers—includinglookingintopatients’airwaysbeforepressing.“Heabsolutelylovesteaching,”Daniellesaid.“I’veneverseenhimsoconfidentbeforeandthefactthathe’shelpingpeopletosavealifedetermineshimevenmore.Ithinkpeopleappreciatetheinformationcomingfromachild,asitmakesthemthinkthatifa10-year-oldcandoit,thentheycan.”Underthename“MiniMedic”,Jackhasapageonsocialmediapostingtrainingnightsforthoseunabletoattend.Asaresultofhiscommunitywork,the10-yearoldisafinalistforChildrenofCourageBirminghamAwards.Lookingforward,Daniellesaidhewasenthusiasticaboutgoingtouniversityandbeingaparamedic.24.WhatmadeJackinterestedinbecomingaparamedic?A.Hisfamilyinfluence. B.Hischildhoodgames.C.Hisparents’teaching. D.Hislikeforambulances.25.WhatisthepurposeofTamworthHaveAHeart?A.Totrainchildrentobecaregivers. B.Toenhancedowntownvolunteering.C.Topromotethewideuseofadevice. D.Tomakelifesavingdevicesaffordable.26.WhatcanweinferfromDanielle’swordsinParagraph4?A.Adultstendtolearnmorefromchildren. B.Childrenmakebetterfirst-aidinstructors.C.Jackhastoomuchconfidenceinteaching. D.Jack’scourseinspiresadults’engagement.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJackDawson?A.Cautiousandmanful. B.Ambitiousandfunny.C.Passionateandcaring. D.Lonelyanddependent.【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了英國斯塔福德郡的杰克·道森從小受祖父影響，夢想成為一名護(hù)理人員，并在家人和培訓(xùn)師的指導(dǎo)下學(xué)習(xí)急救知識，還為慈善機(jī)構(gòu)開設(shè)急救課程，通過社交媒體分享培訓(xùn)信息，并因此成為伯明翰勇氣兒童獎的決賽選手的故事?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“HisgrandfatherownsafirstresponsecompanyinStaffordshire,England,andJackwouldridealonginhisambulanceswiththeflashingbluelights.(他的祖父在英國斯塔福德郡擁有一家急救公司，杰克會乘坐他的救護(hù)車，車上有閃爍的藍(lán)色燈光。)”可知，杰克從小就受到祖父的影響，對急救工作產(chǎn)生了興趣。故選A?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TamworthHaveAHeart,whichaimstomakeAutomatedExternalDefibrillators(AED)publiclyaccessibleandtrainpeopletousethemconfidently.(TamworthHaveAHeart旨在讓自動體外除顫器（AED）能夠被公眾使用，并培訓(xùn)人們自信地使用它們。)”可知，TamworthHaveAHeart的目的是推廣自動體外除顫器的廣泛使用。故選C?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“I’veneverseenhimsoconfidentbeforeandthefactthathe’shelpingpeopletosavealifedetermineshimevenmore.Ithinkpeopleappreciatetheinformationcomingfromachild,asitmakesthemthinkthatifa10-year-oldcandoit,thentheycan.(我從未見過他如此自信，而且他正在幫助人們拯救生命，這讓他更加堅(jiān)定。我認(rèn)為人們喜歡從一個孩子那里得到信息，因?yàn)檫@會讓他們覺得，如果一個10歲的孩子都能做到，那么他們也能。)”可知，丹妮爾認(rèn)為杰克的課程激發(fā)了成年人的參與。故選D?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。文章中提到根據(jù)第一段中““MyhusbandandIdecidedtoteachhimfirstaid.Helovesit.”JackquicklygraspedtheactofCPR,understandingthedifferentrecoverypositions,andlearnedhowtouseadefibrillator,amachinethatstartstheheartbeatingagainafteraheartattack.(‘我丈夫和我決定教他急救。他很喜歡。’杰克很快掌握了心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)，了解了不同的恢復(fù)姿勢，并學(xué)會了如何使用除顫器，一種在心臟病發(fā)作后使心臟重新跳動的機(jī)器。)”、第二段中“Then,atageseven,overseenbyhisfatherandothertrainers,theyoungsterstartedtoleadworkshopsessionsofhisownfortheircharity.(然后，在他七歲的時候，在他父親和其他教練的監(jiān)督下，這個孩子開始為他們的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)主持自己的研討會。)”以及“JackteachesbothchildrenandadultshowtoperformCPRandusedefibrillators,whilealsokeepinganeyeonhistowncentreandcheckingthatthepublicdefibrillators’padsandbatteriesareuptodateandfitforuse.(杰克教孩子和成人如何進(jìn)行心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)和使用除顫器，同時也密切關(guān)注他的鎮(zhèn)中心，檢查公共除顫器的墊和電池是最新的，適合使用。)”可知，杰克從小就對急救感興趣，積極學(xué)習(xí)急救知識，并主動開展急救培訓(xùn)，幫助人們掌握急救技能，這體現(xiàn)了他對急救事業(yè)的熱情；同時，他還關(guān)注公共除顫器的狀況，確保其能正常使用，以在緊急情況下挽救生命，這體現(xiàn)了他對他人生命的關(guān)心，即有同情心，所以選項(xiàng)C“熱情且有同情心的”最能描述杰克·道森。故選C。CWhentravelingtoanewcountry,thereissomuchtoseeanddo.Nobodywantstospendtheirwholetripsleepingorfeelingexhausted.Luckily,therearewaystodriveawaytheZZZsandmakethemostofyourtravel.NewresearchfromArizonaStateUniversity,linksexercisewiththebody’sinternalclock,openingthepossibilityoftreatingjetlag(時差反應(yīng))withaworkout.Bothtravelingtoadifferenttimezoneandstayinguplateatnightcanseverelydisturbthebody’sinternalclock,includingmakingthebodyreleasethesleep-causingchemicalmelatonin(祖國素)atatimewhenpeoplewanttostayawake.Whentheinternalmasterclockisn’tinlinewiththeexternalclockofyourdestination,itcreatesamismatchofallyourbodyrhythms.That’swhatliesattheheartofjetlag.Theresearchersofthestudyusedthelevelofmelatoninreleasedbythebodytoexploretheeffectsofexerciseonbody’sinternalclock.First,researchersmeasuredthemelatoninlevelsof99participantsthroughoutthedaytoestablishabaseline.Then,theparticipantswereaskedtoexerciseforanhourforthreedaysinarowatdifferenttimes,andtheirmelatoninlevelsweremonitored.Theresearchersnotedshiftsinthemelatoninlevelsofparticipants:correlatedwiththeiractivitylevel.Thestudyuncoveredthatmorning(7a,m,)orafternoon(1-4p.m.)worksshiftedtheinternalclockforward,whileevening(7-10p.m.)exerciseshifteditbackward.“Thisisthefirststudytocompareexercise’seffectsonthebodyclock,andcouldopenupthepossibilityofusingexercisetohelpreducethenegativeeffectsofjetlagandshiftwork.”Shawn,theleadresearchersaid.Forwest-to-easttravel,eveningexercisecangetridoftimezoneshifts.Foreast-to-westtravel,morningorafternoonworkoutsarebeneficial.Exercisepushesyourinternalclockforwardorbackwardsbyregulatingtheamountofmelatonin.Walkingorcyclingaregreatwaystoseethesites,whentraveling,whilegettingjet-lagbeatingexercise.So,packyourrunningshoesforyournexttrip!28.Whatisthekeyfactorcausingjetlagaccordingtothetext?A.Lowmelatonin. B.Shortenedsleeping. C.Longtraveltiredness. D.Bodyrhythmdisorder.29.Howdidresearchersgettheresult?A.Bydoingobservations. B.Byundertakingsurveys.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Byintegratingexperience.30.WhatdoesShawnthinkofthestudy?A.Overrated. B.Pathbreaking. C.Unrealistic. D.Conclusive.31.WhichexercisesuitstravelersflyingfromChinatoCanada?A.Morningjogging. B.Eveningswimming.C.Mid-nightcycling. D.Random-timewalking.【答案】28.D29.C30.B31.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了亞利桑那州立大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)新研究表明運(yùn)動與人體生物鐘有關(guān)，通過鍛煉可治療時差反應(yīng)，并說明了不同時間運(yùn)動對生物鐘的影響及適用情況?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Whentheinternalmasterclockisn’tinlinewiththeexternalclockofyourdestination,itcreatesamismatchofallyourbodyrhythms.That’swhatliesattheheartofjetlag.(當(dāng)人體內(nèi)部的主時鐘與目的地的外部時鐘不一致時，就會導(dǎo)致所有身體節(jié)律的不匹配。這正是時差反應(yīng)的核心所在)”可知，導(dǎo)致時差反應(yīng)的關(guān)鍵因素是身體節(jié)律紊亂。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“First,researchersmeasuredthemelatoninlevelsof99participantsthroughoutthedaytoestablishabaseline.Then,theparticipantswereaskedtoexerciseforanhourforthreedaysinarowatdifferenttimes,andtheirmelatoninlevelsweremonitored.(首先，研究人員全天測量了99名參與者的褪黑素水平，以建立一個基線。然后，要求參與者連續(xù)三天在不同時間進(jìn)行一小時的運(yùn)動，并監(jiān)測他們的褪黑素水平)”可知，研究人員通過對比參與者運(yùn)動前后以及不同時間運(yùn)動時的褪黑素水平來得出結(jié)果。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中Shawn的話“Thisisthefirststudytocompareexercise’seffectsonthebodyclock,andcouldopenupthepossibilityofusingexercisetohelpreducethenegativeeffectsofjetlagandshiftwork.(這是第一項(xiàng)比較運(yùn)動對生物鐘影響的研究，并且為利用運(yùn)動來幫助減少時差反應(yīng)和倒班工作的負(fù)面影響開辟了可能性)”可知，Shawn認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)研究是具有開創(chuàng)性的。故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Foreast-to-westtravel,morningorafternoonworkoutsarebeneficial.(對于從東向西的旅行，早上或下午的鍛煉是有益的)”可知，中國在東，加拿大在西，從中國飛往加拿大是從東向西的旅行，所以早上慢跑適合。故選A項(xiàng)。DTheideaofherdmentality,apsychologicalphenomenoninwhichpeopleacceptbehavioursorideasjustbecausealargenumberofotherpeoplearedoingthesame,isattheheartoftrend-following.Thehistoryofhumandevelopmentisfirmlyrootedinthistendency.Followingtheherdwasfrequentlynecessaryforexistenceinearlyhumancultures;goingitalonemaybedeadly.Cialdini,anAmericansocialpsychologistcreatedthephrase“socialproof”todescribehowpeoplenowadaystrytotakeafterothers’behaviourinanefforttoreflect“correct”behaviour.Nowadays,withthehelpofsocialmedia,wecanbeshapedintodifferentversionsofourselves.Everytrendturnsintoachanceforustoinvestigateorstrengthenouridentity.Forexample,theGhiblitrend—thepopularstyledirectedbytheworksofStudioGhibli—encouragesuserstocreatefilms,filledwithmoodysoundtracks,low-keylighting,andsoon.Thisappealstoaparticularartisticandaffectivemood:calm,longing,andfrequentlyinvolvedinasenseofsimplicity.Inaddition,thereisaneuro-chemical(神經(jīng)化學(xué)的)element.Whenatrendreceiveslikes,shares,orencouragingremarks,thedopamine(多巴胺)rewardmechanisminthebrainpromotesthebehaviour.Byfollowingtrends:onemightgainmorerecognition,approval,and,incertainsituations,popularity.Trendsalsogiverisetothefearofmissingout.Beingexcludedfromaculturalinsidejokecanbethesameofnottakingpart.Thisappealstoabasichumandrive—thepsychologicalneedforbelonging.Imaginegoingthroughsocialmediafeedswhereeveryonepostsamixofoldmemories,prettypictures,andquicklikes.Notparticipatingcouldseemlikeasocialmistake.Peopleparticipatebecausetheyfearbeingleftout,notnecessarilybecausetheyareinterested.Onamorepositivenote,trendscanalsoserveasameansofgroupcoping.Peopleusedsourdoughbreadbaking,viraldances,andfunnychallengesascopingmechanismsduringtheglobalhealthcrisis.Peoplefeltmorelinkedasaresultofthesegroupbehaviours.Withitsdreamlikeimageryandunderstatednarrative,theGhiblitrendmayrepresentadeeperneedforsimplicityandpeaceinthewakeofthecrisis.Thus,followingtrendsismorethanjustcopying;it’screatingmeaning.32.Whatistheoriginofhumans’trendfollowing?A.Thedriveofinterest. B.Theneedofsurvival. C.Thefearofloneliness. D.Thepursuitofidentity.33.WhatcanwelearnabouttheGhiblitrend?A.I(popularizesStudioGhibli’smovies. B.Itusesbrightvisualsandhappymusic.C.Itoriginatesfromsocialmediachallenges. D.Itreflectsadesireforsimplicityandpeace.34.What’sthestructureofthetext?A. B. C. D.35.Bywritingthetext,theauthoraimsto______.A.interpretreasonsbehindtrend-following B.persuadereaderstostopfollowingtrendsC.inspirereaderstocreatetheirowntrends D.provethenegativesideofherdmentality【答案】32.B33.D34.D35.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。全文圍繞“跟風(fēng)行為”展開，依次從生存起源、社會認(rèn)同、神經(jīng)化學(xué)、錯失恐懼、群體應(yīng)對等角度解釋人們跟風(fēng)的原因?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thehistoryofhumandevelopmentisfirmlyrootedinthistendency.Followingtheherdwasfrequentlynecessaryforexistenceinearlyhumancultures(人類發(fā)展的歷史深深植根于這種傾向之中。在早期人類文明中，追隨群體往往是生存所必需的)”可知，人類跟風(fēng)的起源是生存需求，早期人類社會中，從眾往往是生存所必需的。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thisappealstoaparticularartisticandaffectivemood:calm,longing,andfrequentlyinvolvedinasenseofsimplicity.(這迎合了一種特定的藝術(shù)氛圍與情感基調(diào)：平靜、悵惘，并常常蘊(yùn)含著一種質(zhì)樸之感)”和最后一段“Withitsdreamlikeimageryandunderstatednarrative,theGhiblitrendmayrepresentadeeperneedforsimplicityandpeaceinthewakeofthecrisis.(吉卜力潮流以其夢幻般的意象和低調(diào)的敘事，可能代表了危機(jī)過后人們對簡單與和平的更深層次需求)”可知，吉卜力潮流反映了對簡單與和平的渴望。故選D?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。文章第一段引出“從眾心理是跟風(fēng)的核心”，并提及人類跟風(fēng)源于生存需求；第二段至第五段分別從“社會認(rèn)同（socialproof）”“神經(jīng)化學(xué)因素”“錯失恐懼（FOMO）”“群體應(yīng)對機(jī)制”四個角度分析跟風(fēng)的原因。由此可知，文章整體為“總——分”結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。全文圍繞“跟風(fēng)行為”展開，依次從生存起源、社會認(rèn)同、神經(jīng)化學(xué)、錯失恐懼、群體應(yīng)對等角度解釋人們跟風(fēng)的原因。由此可知，文章核心目的是解讀跟風(fēng)背后的原因。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Evenifyoudon’tthinkofyourselfasartsyorcreative,divingintoartsandcraftscouldbringjoyandhappinessintoyourlife.Whetherit’spainting,craftingordoingaDIYproject,theseactivitiesareagreatwaytoincreaseyourhappiness.____36____Interestingly,thestudyshowedthatitdoesn’tdependonaperson’sage,gender,socioeconomicstatusorbackground.Doingartsandcraftsactuallysuitseveryone!Youwouldthinkthataperson’swealthwouldplayabiggerroleonhisorherhappiness.____37____Artsandcraftswintheprize,andcanhaveabiggerimpactonyourmoodandlife.Artsandcraftsareconstructiveactivitiesthattransformideasintoconcreteresults.Whetherfinishingadrawing,makingavase,orbakingadecoratedcake,theprocessofbringingsomethingfromnothinggivesyouasenseofsatisfaction,amuchneededhumanemotionandfeeling.____38____Engagingwithartgeneratesa“flowstate”,amentalstateofcompletefocuswheretimeseemstofade,andworriesorstressdisappear.____39____Theactoffocusingonacreativetaskprovidesabreakfromoverthinking,allowingthemindtorestinastateofproductivecalm.____40____Frommakingpottery(陶藝)withyourownhands,whichrequiresyoutogetdownanddirty,tocoloringwithmarkersinacoloringbookwhilelisteningtorelaxingmusic,goaheadandpickonefromsomanyoptions.You’llbehappyyoudid!A.Butthisisnotthecase.B.Itislogicalifyouthinkaboutit.C.Whyaretheresomanynaturalartists?D.Thisstatecreatesasenseofabsorption.E.Whowon’tfeelproudoftheirowncreation?F.Therearelotsoftypesofartsandcraftssuitingyou.G.AstudypublishedinFrontiersrecentlyconfirmedit.【答案】36.G37.A38.E39.D40.F【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要論述了從事藝術(shù)和手工藝活動能給人帶來快樂和幸福感，并闡述了其背后的原因?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Whetherit’spainting,craftingordoingaDIYproject,theseactivitiesareagreatwaytoincreaseyourhappiness.(無論是繪畫、手工藝還是DIY項(xiàng)目，這些活動都是增加幸福感的好方法)”和下文“Interestingly,thestudyshowedthatitdoesn’tdependonaperson’sage,gender,socioeconomicstatusorbackground.(有趣的是，研究表明，這并不取決于一個人的年齡、性別、社會經(jīng)濟(jì)地位或背景)”可知，空處應(yīng)起到承上啟下的作用，說明有研究支持上文提到的觀點(diǎn)，即從事藝術(shù)和手工藝活動能增加幸福感。選項(xiàng)G“AstudypublishedinFrontiersrecentlyconfirmedit.(最近發(fā)表在《Frontiers》上的一項(xiàng)研究證實(shí)了這一點(diǎn))”符合語境。故選G?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Youwouldthinkthataperson’swealthwouldplayabiggerroleonhisorherhappiness.(你可能會認(rèn)為一個人的財富會對其幸福感產(chǎn)生更大的影響)”和下文“Artsandcraftswintheprize,andcanhaveabiggerimpactonyourmoodandlife.(藝術(shù)和手工藝勝出，對你的情緒和生活有更大的影響)”可知，上文提到人們可能會認(rèn)為財富對幸福感影響更大，而下文卻指出藝術(shù)和手工藝對情緒和生活影響更大，說明上文的觀點(diǎn)是不正確的，空處與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)A“Butthisisnotthecase.(但事實(shí)并非如此)”符合語境。故選A。【38題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Whetherfinishingadrawing,makingavase,orbakingadecoratedcake,theprocessofbringingsomethingfromnothinggivesyouasenseofsatisfaction,amuchneededhumanemotionandfeeling.(無論是完成一幅畫、制作一個花瓶，還是烤一個裝飾蛋糕，從無到有的過程都會給你一種滿足感，一種人類急需的情感和感覺)”可知，上文提到完成藝術(shù)和手工藝作品會給人帶來滿足感，那么人們自然會為自己的創(chuàng)作感到自豪。選項(xiàng)E“Whowon’tfeelproudoftheirowncreation?(誰不會為自己的創(chuàng)作感到自豪呢?)”符合語境。故選E?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Engagingwithartgeneratesa“flowstate”,amentalstateofcompletefocuswheretimeseemstofade,andworriesorstressdisappear.(參與藝術(shù)活動會產(chǎn)生一種“心流狀態(tài)”，這是一種完全專注的精神狀態(tài)，在這種狀態(tài)下，時間似乎消失了，憂慮或壓力也消失了)”和下文“Theactoffocusingonacreativetaskprovidesabreakfromoverthinking,allowingthemindtorestinastateofproductivecalm.(專注于創(chuàng)造性任務(wù)的行為可以讓人從過度思考中解脫出來，讓大腦在一種富有成效的平靜中休息)”可知，“心流狀態(tài)”會讓人專注于自己所做的事。選項(xiàng)D“Thisstatecreatesasenseofabsorption.(這種狀態(tài)會產(chǎn)生一種專注感)”符合語境。故選D?！?0題詳析】下文“Frommakingpottery(陶藝)withyourownhands,whichrequiresyoutogetdowna