高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省臨沂市2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期學(xué)科素養(yǎng)水平檢測(cè)考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共11小題；每小題2.5分，滿分27.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AEachstreettellsitsownstory.Thesestreetsarefamousfortheirhistory,culture,orspecialcharm,makingthemsymbolsoftheircities.Champs-élyséesParis’sChamps-élyséesisoneoftheworld’smostbeautifulstreets.Linedwithcafésandshops,itconnectstheArcdeTriomphetobusyParisianneighborhoods.Visitorslovewalkinghereandtakingphotosofthegrandmonumentatitswesternend.LombardStreetBuiltin1922,SanFrancisco’sLombardStreetisfamousforitseightsharpturnsonasteephill.Tomakedrivingsafer,peoplemustdriveveryslowly(just8km/h!).Drivingorwalkingdownthiszigzagroadfeelslikeafunadventureandoffersgreatviewsofthecity.AbbeyRoadInLondon,AbbeyRoadbecamefamousafterTheBeatlestookaphotoherefortheir1969album.Fansstillvisitthecrosswalktocopytheband’spose.Lookoutformessagesfanswriteonthestreet’swalls!SantaMonicaBoulevardThissunnyLosAngelesstreetstretchesfromWestHollywoodtothePacificOcean.Withpalmtreesandrestaurants,itendsattheSantaMonicaPier.It’shardtoimaginethislivelyareawasoncejustemptyrailroadtracksuntilthe1980s!FifthAvenueNewYork’sFifthAvenueisashoppingparadise.LuxurystoreslikeGucciandTiffany&Co.attractfashionlovers.MoviefansmightrecognizeTiffany’sfromBreakfastatTiffany’s,whereAudreyHepburn’scharactereatsbreakfastoutsidethestore.1.Whichstreetisknownforitssharpturns?A.Champs-élysées. B.LombardStreet.C.AbbeyRoad. D.SantaMonicaBoulevard.2.WhatisafeatureofSantaMonicaBoulevard?A.Itchangedfromanoldrailroadtrack. B.Itattractsluxuryshoppersworldwide.C.Itgainedfamefromabandalbumcover. D.Itconnectsagrandmonumenttoneighborhoods.3.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Tocompareoldandnewstreets. B.Tointroducesomefamousstreets.C.Totellthehistoryofstreetdevelopment. D.Togiveadviceontravellingfamousstreets.【答案】1.B2.A3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了五條著名街道的特色?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Builtin1922,SanFrancisco’sLombardStreetisfamousforitseightsharpturnsonasteephill.(洛巴德街建于1922年，位于舊金山，因其在陡峭山坡上的八處急轉(zhuǎn)彎而聞名)”可知，LombardStreet以急轉(zhuǎn)彎而聞名。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“It’shardtoimaginethislivelyareawasoncejustemptyrailroadtracksuntilthe1980s!(很難想象這個(gè)熱鬧的區(qū)域在20世紀(jì)80年代之前還只是些空蕩蕩的鐵軌而已！)”可知，圣莫尼卡大道是由一條古老的鐵路軌道改造而成的。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Eachstreettellsitsownstory.Thesestreetsarefamousfortheirhistory,culture,orspecialcharm,makingthemsymbolsoftheircities.(每條街道都有其獨(dú)特的故事。這些街道因其歷史、文化或獨(dú)特的魅力而聞名，成為了所在城市的象征)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了五條著名街道的特色?？芍?，文章是目的是介紹一些有名的街道。故選B。BWhenseven-year-oldSuzanneHeywoodwastoldherfamilywouldsailtheworldforthreeyears,sheimaginedthrillingadventures.Instead,thisjourneytrappedheratseaforadecade.HerBritishparentssoughttorecreateCaptainCook’s18th-centuryvoyage—adreamthatbecameherchildhoodnightmare.Whileherparentscalledthistripa“freeandgloriousjourney,”Suzannehassincecomparedittobeingimprisoned.Trappedontheboatwithnoformalschooling,shewaslimitedtothewoodenboatandendlesshorizons.“Fatherpromisedwe’dreturntoourdogandfriendsinthreeyears,”SuzannerecallsinherbookWavewalker.”“ButtenyearspassedbeforeItouchedEnglishsoilagain—yearswithoutclassroomsorplaygroundfriendships.”AfewmonthsaftertheyleftEngland,theywerehitbyanenormouswave.ThewavecrashedoverthebackoftheboatandSuzannewasseriouslyinjured.“Myheadbonecracked,nosebroken,bloodmixingwithseawater.”Sherecalls.WashedashoreonafarawayIndianisland,sheunderwentanemergencyheadoperation—withoutanesthetics.“Thedoctorusedbasictools;Ibitaleatherbelttosilencescreams.”Asitbecameclearherparentshadnointentionsofgoingback,Suzannedecidedtoeducateherself,aseducationwastheonlywaytogetofftheboatandhaveanormallife.Atthirteen,sheregisteredinanAustraliancorrespondencecourse.nightsunfoldedinherrockingcabin(船艙);ashakingoillamplighteningmathproblems,geographymapspinnedtodampwalls.“Istruggleddaily,”sheadmits.Herparentsalwayswantedhertoworkratherthanspenddaysinbooks.However,thistimeshedidn’tgivein,asthatwasheronlylifeline.Despitethesedifficulties,shelandedaspotatOxfordUniversity.Today,herbestsellingbookinspiresmillions.Readersworldwidedeclare:“Yourescapefromthewavesproveswecanhaveourownfutures!”4.WhatexpectationdidSuzannehaveaboutthevoyageinthebeginning?A.Shewouldbetrappedonthesea.B.Shewouldhaveachildhoodnightmare.C.Shewouldexperienceexcitingadventures.D.ShewouldrecreateCaptainCook’swonder.5.WhatdidSuzannethinkofherlifeatseainParagraph2?A.Itwasaseparationfromnormallife.B.Itwasanopportunitytobroadenhorizons.C.Itwasachallengingtrainingtobeasailor.D.Itwasagloriousjourneytoexplorethesea.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph4referto?A.Workingonboard. B.Gettingparentalsupport.C.Educatingherself. D.Completingthevoyage.7.Whatdoestheauthor’sexperienceshow?A.Thinktwicebeforeyouact.B.Eastorwest,homeisbest.C.Agoodturndeservesanother.D.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Suzanne隨父母航海十年的經(jīng)歷，她在海上遭遇受傷、無(wú)正規(guī)教育等困境，但通過(guò)自學(xué)考上牛津大學(xué)，其書(shū)激勵(lì)了無(wú)數(shù)人?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Whenseven-year-oldSuzanneHeywoodwastoldherfamilywouldsailtheworldforthreeyears,sheimaginedthrillingadventures.(當(dāng)七歲的蘇珊娜·海伍德被告知她的家人將航海環(huán)游世界三年時(shí)，她想象著激動(dòng)人心的冒險(xiǎn))”可知，一開(kāi)始Suzanne期望自己能經(jīng)歷刺激的冒險(xiǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Trappedontheboatwithnoformalschooling,shewaslimitedtothewoodenboatandendlesshorizons.‘Fatherpromisedwe’dreturntoourdogandfriendsinthreeyears,’SuzannerecallsinherbookWavewalker.‘ButtenyearspassedbeforeItouchedEnglishsoilagain—yearswithoutclassroomsorplaygroundfriendships.’(她被困在船上，沒(méi)有接受正規(guī)教育，只能待在木船上，面對(duì)無(wú)盡的海洋?！案赣H承諾我們?nèi)旰髸?huì)回到我們的狗和朋友身邊，”蘇珊娜在她的書(shū)《浪行者》中回憶道?！暗谖以俅翁ど嫌?guó)的土地之前，十年過(guò)去了——那些年沒(méi)有教室，也沒(méi)有操場(chǎng)上的友誼?！?”可知，在海上的十年，Suzanne被困在船上，沒(méi)有接受正規(guī)教育，沒(méi)有教室，也沒(méi)有操場(chǎng)上的友誼，所以她會(huì)認(rèn)為這種生活是與正常生活相分離的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Asitbecameclearherparentshadnointentionsofgoingback,Suzannedecidedtoeducateherself,aseducationwastheonlywaytogetofftheboatandhaveanormallife.(當(dāng)很明顯她的父母無(wú)意回去時(shí)，蘇珊娜決定自學(xué)，因?yàn)榻逃窍麓^(guò)上正常生活的唯一途徑)”和劃線詞所在句“However,thistimeshedidn’tgivein,asthatwasheronlylifeline.(然而，這次她沒(méi)有屈服，因?yàn)槟鞘撬ㄒ坏木让静?”可知，指示代詞that指代的是前面提到的在船上“自學(xué)”這件事，即“Educatingherself.”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“Asitbecameclearherparentshadnointentionsofgoingback,Suzannedecidedtoeducateherself,aseducationwastheonlywaytogetofftheboatandhaveanormallife.Atthirteen,sheregisteredinanAustraliancorrespondencecourse.nightsunfoldedinherrockingcabin(船艙);ashakingoillamplighteningmathproblems,geographymapspinnedtodampwalls.‘Istruggleddaily,’sheadmits.Herparentsalwayswantedhertoworkratherthanspenddaysinbooks.However,thistimeshedidn’tgivein,asthatwasheronlylifeline.(當(dāng)很明顯她的父母無(wú)意回去時(shí)，蘇珊娜決定自學(xué)，因?yàn)榻逃窍麓^(guò)上正常生活的唯一途徑。13歲時(shí)，她注冊(cè)了一個(gè)澳大利亞的函授課程。在她搖晃的船艙里，夜晚降臨；一盞搖晃的油燈照亮了數(shù)學(xué)題，地理地圖釘在潮濕的墻上?！拔颐刻於荚趻暝彼姓J(rèn)。她的父母總是希望她去工作，而不是整天讀書(shū)。然而，這次她沒(méi)有屈服，因?yàn)槟鞘撬ㄒ坏木让静荨?”和最后一段“Despitethesedifficulties,shelandedaspotatOxfordUniversity.(盡管困難重重，她還是被牛津大學(xué)錄取了)”可知，Suzanne在面臨諸多困難時(shí)，憑借堅(jiān)定的決心堅(jiān)持自我教育，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)了進(jìn)入牛津大學(xué)的目標(biāo)，體現(xiàn)了只要有決心就有辦法成功?！癢herethereisawill,thereisaway.(有志者，事竟成)”符合文意。故選D項(xiàng)。CCarryingsingle-useplasticwaterbottleshasbecomeadailyhabitformillionsworldwide.Whileconvenient,thispracticecreatesseriousenvironmentalandhealthproblemsthatdemandourattention.Lessthan20%ofplasticbottlesareproperlyrecycled.Mostendupinlandfillsoroceans,wheretheytakecenturiestobreakdown.Everyyear,about8milliontonsofplasticenterouroceans,andsingle-usebottlescontributesignificantlytothiscrisis.Seaanimalsoftenmistakefloatingbottlepiecesforfood,leadingtoinjuryordeath.Long-termuseofplasticbottlesmayexposedrinkerstoharmfulchemicals.Independentstudiesfoundchlorineresidues(氯殘留物)in1outof3testedbrands.Moresurprisingly,dangerousmetalslikeleadoccasionallyappearinbottledwaterduetoindustrialproductionprocesses.Thesepollutantscangraduallybuildupinthehumanbody,potentiallycausinghealthissuesovertime.Consumers’demanddrivescompaniestoproduceover500billionplasticbottleseveryyear.Unfortunately,bottlingplantsfaceminimalsupervisionregardingproductionstandards.Manybrandsrefusetodisclosewhatpercentageoftheirbottlescontainrecycledmaterials.Duringproduction,pollutantssometimesenterwaterthroughindustrialfacilitiesorplasticcontainersthemselves.Switchingtoreusablebottlesmadeofglassormetaldramaticallyreducesplasticwaste.Whentraveling,portablewaterfilters(過(guò)濾器)providesafedrinkingwaterwithoutnewplasticbottles.Athome,purificationsystemsensuretap(水龍頭)watersafety.Governmentsalsoplayakeyrole—countrieslikeGermanyhavesuccessfullyreducedplasticwasteby30%throughbottledepositlawsthatrewardrecycling.WatersafetyexpertDr.EmmaGreennotes,“Inmostdevelopedcities,tapwaterundergoesstrictersafetychecksthanbottledwater.Accordingtothestudy,properlypurifiedtapwaterissaferthanbottedwater.Choosingreusableoptionsprotectsbothpersonalhealthandvulnerableseacreatures.Simplechangesinourdailyhabitscancreateahealthierfutureforpeopleandtheplanetalike.”8.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofplasticwaterbottles?A.Theyareconvenientandhealthytous. B.Theycausethreatstonatureandhealth.C.Theybecomeanecessitytomostpeople. D.Theyrepresentafashionablewayoflife.9.Whatdoweknowaboutplasticbottles?A.Theirhardnessisincreasedbyaddinglead.B.Mostofthemgetrecycledproperlyworldwide.C.Theybreakdownfasterinoceansthaninlandfills.D.Theirpiecesareoftenconfusedforfoodbyseaanimals.10.Whatisapossiblesolutiontoimprovingdrinkingwatersafety?A.Usingglassormetalbottles. B.Diversifyingsupervisionstandards.C.Drinkingbrand-namebottledwater. D.Stoppingplasticcontainersduringproduction.11.WhatdoDr.Emma’swordssuggest?A.Reusablebottlesharmseacreatures. B.Developedcitiesfailtocheckwatersafety.C.Tapwaterismuchsaferthanbottledwater. D.Smallchangesinhabitsmakeadifference.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了一次性塑料水瓶帶來(lái)環(huán)境與健康問(wèn)題，如回收少、污染海洋、含有害物等，建議使用可重復(fù)利用容器等，小的改變有益人與地球?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Whileconvenient,thispracticecreatesseriousenvironmentalandhealthproblemsthatdemandourattention.(雖然這種做法很方便，但它卻帶來(lái)了嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境和健康問(wèn)題，這些問(wèn)題需要我們予以重視)”可知，作者認(rèn)為塑料水瓶對(duì)自然和健康構(gòu)成威脅。故選B。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Seaanimalsoftenmistakefloatingbottlepiecesforfood,leadingtoinjuryordeath.(海洋生物常常會(huì)將漂浮的瓶子碎片誤認(rèn)為食物，從而導(dǎo)致受傷或死亡)”可知，塑料瓶的碎片常常會(huì)被海洋生物誤認(rèn)為是食物。故選D。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Switchingtoreusablebottlesmadeofglassormetaldramaticallyreducesplasticwaste.(改用玻璃或金屬材質(zhì)的可重復(fù)使用水瓶能夠極大地減少塑料廢棄物的產(chǎn)生)”可知，改善飲用水安全的一個(gè)可行方案是使用玻璃瓶或金屬瓶。故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Simplechangesinourdailyhabitscancreateahealthierfutureforpeopleandtheplanetalike.(我們?nèi)粘Ａ?xí)慣中的簡(jiǎn)單改變能夠?yàn)槿祟惡偷厍騽?chuàng)造一個(gè)更加健康的美好未來(lái))”可知，艾瑪博士的話暗示了習(xí)慣上的細(xì)微改變也能產(chǎn)生影響。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Music’sroleismuchmorethanentertainment.Scientificstudiesshowitactivatesnearlyeverybrainregionandkeepslotsofbrainnetworksstrong,includingthosenetworksaboutemotion,happiness,movementandlearning.____12____Forexample,hospitalsusecalmingmusictoeasepatients’anxietybeforeoperation,whichprovesmusiccantouchemotionsbeyondwords.Neuroscientistsfindthatfamiliarsongssetoffdopamine(多巴胺)release,creatingnaturaljoywithoutmedication.Musicalsobuildsbridgeswherewordsfail.AtglobaleventsliketheOlympics,nationalanthems(國(guó)歌)uniteaudience,stirringupstrongemotionalresonance(共鳴).____13____Theresultturnedoutasexpected.ResearchersfromMITfoundthatsinginginachoirmayreducelonelinessandincreaseinterestinlifeamongdiverseolderadults,includingthosewithAlzheimer’sdiseasewholostsomememory.____14____StudiesshowedthatmusictherapycanhelpolderadultswithParkinson’sdiseaseandothermovementdisordersimprovetheirwalkingandreducefalls.Musicimprovestheperformanceinstudy.____15____Moresurprisingly,languagelearnersmasteringvocabularythroughsonglyricsprogressed30%fasterthantraditionalmethods.Studentslearningartreporthigherproductivitywithbackgroundinstrumentalmusic—brainwavesynchronizationexplainsthisboost.Everyonecanaccessitsbenefitswithouttraining.Tryexploringfreemusicapps,sharingmeaningfulsongswithfriends,orattendinglocalconcerts.Evensingingsoftlytoyourselfwhenstressedcanlowerbloodpressure.____16____Itspoweriseverywhere,readyforyoutofindanduse.A.Musichelpstheoldpeoplefeelmuchhappier.B.Musicevenshowspromiseinpreventinginjury.C.Musicprovidesemotionalbenefitsinmanyways.D.Doctorsoftenplaysoftmusictorelaxthepatients.E.AsPlatonoted,“Musicgivessoultotheuniverse.”F.Studentslisteningtoclassicalpiecesshow20%betterconcentration.G.Scientistsexaminedwhethermusiccouldimproveoldpeople’swell-being.【答案】12.C13.G14.B15.F16.E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了音樂(lè)在多個(gè)方面對(duì)人類的好處，包括情感、健康、學(xué)習(xí)和社交等。【12題詳析】下文“Forexample,hospitalsusecalmingmusictoeasepatients’anxietybeforeoperation,whichprovesmusiccantouchemotionsbeyondwords.(例如，醫(yī)院在手術(shù)前使用舒緩的音樂(lè)來(lái)緩解病人的焦慮，這證明了音樂(lè)可以觸動(dòng)言語(yǔ)無(wú)法表達(dá)的情感)”舉例說(shuō)明了音樂(lè)在情感上的益處，C選項(xiàng)“Musicprovidesemotionalbenefitsinmanyways.(音樂(lè)在許多方面提供情感上的益處)”概括了下文的內(nèi)容，且與首段“Music’sroleismuchmorethanentertainment.Scientificstudiesshowitactivatesnearlyeverybrainregionandkeepslotsofbrainnetworksstrong,includingthosenetworksaboutemotion,happiness,movementandlearning.(音樂(lè)的作用不僅僅是娛樂(lè)。科學(xué)研究表明，它能激活幾乎所有大腦區(qū)域，并保持許多大腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)的強(qiáng)健，包括與情感、幸福、運(yùn)動(dòng)和學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)的網(wǎng)絡(luò))”相呼應(yīng)，進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)了音樂(lè)在情感方面的作用。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】下文“Theresultturnedoutasexpected.ResearchersfromMITfoundthatsinginginachoirmayreducelonelinessandincreaseinterestinlifeamongdiverseolderadults,includingthosewithAlzheimer’sdiseasewholostsomememory.(結(jié)果正如預(yù)期的那樣。麻省理工學(xué)院的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在合唱團(tuán)唱歌可以減少不同老年人的孤獨(dú)感，增加他們對(duì)生活的興趣，包括那些失去部分記憶的阿爾茨海默病患者)”描述了科學(xué)家們對(duì)音樂(lè)能否改善老年人福祉的研究結(jié)果，G選項(xiàng)“Scientistsexaminedwhethermusiccouldimproveoldpeople’swell-being.(科學(xué)家們研究了音樂(lè)是否能改善老年人的福祉)”引出了下文的研究?jī)?nèi)容，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選G項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】下文“StudiesshowedthatmusictherapycanhelpolderadultswithParkinson’sdiseaseandothermovementdisordersimprovetheirwalkingandreducefalls.(研究表明，音樂(lè)療法可以幫助患有帕金森病和其他運(yùn)動(dòng)障礙的老年人改善行走并減少跌倒)”描述了音樂(lè)療法在預(yù)防老年人受傷方面的作用，B選項(xiàng)“Musicevenshowspromiseinpreventinginjury.(音樂(lè)甚至在預(yù)防受傷方面顯示出潛力)”概括了下文的內(nèi)容，且與上文“ResearchersfromMITfoundthatsinginginachoirmayreducelonelinessandincreaseinterestinlifeamongdiverseolderadults,includingthosewithAlzheimer’sdiseasewholostsomememory.(麻省理工學(xué)院的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在合唱團(tuán)唱歌可以減少不同老年人的孤獨(dú)感，增加他們對(duì)生活的興趣，包括那些失去部分記憶的阿爾茨海默病患者)”形成并列關(guān)系，都是說(shuō)明音樂(lè)對(duì)老年人的好處。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】上文“Musicimprovestheperformanceinstudy.(音樂(lè)提高學(xué)習(xí)表現(xiàn))”提出了音樂(lè)對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的好處，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Studentslisteningtoclassicalpiecesshow20%betterconcentration.(聽(tīng)古典音樂(lè)的學(xué)生注意力更集中，提高了20%)”舉例說(shuō)明了音樂(lè)如何提高學(xué)習(xí)表現(xiàn)，即聽(tīng)古典音樂(lè)的學(xué)生注意力更集中，與上文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選F項(xiàng)。【16題詳析】上文“Tryexploringfreemusicapps,sharingmeaningfulsongswithfriends,orattendinglocalconcerts.Evensingingsoftlytoyourselfwhenstressedcanlowerbloodpressure.(嘗試探索免費(fèi)的音樂(lè)應(yīng)用程序，與朋友分享有意義的歌曲，或參加當(dāng)?shù)氐囊魳?lè)會(huì)。即使在壓力大的時(shí)候輕聲唱歌也能降低血壓)”列舉了一些享受音樂(lè)益處的方法，E選項(xiàng)“AsPlatonoted,“Musicgivessoultotheuniverse.”(正如柏拉圖所說(shuō)，“音樂(lè)賦予宇宙靈魂。”)”用柏拉圖的名言總結(jié)了音樂(lè)的力量和重要性，與上文內(nèi)容相呼應(yīng)，且下文中“Itspower”指代音樂(lè)的力量，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenIwasateachingassistantatMichiganMedicalSchool,astudentcameintomyofficeandbrokeintotears.Whenshefinally____17____,Iaskedherwhatwaswrong.Shetoldmethatshehadtobeadoctor,____18____shehadjustfailedthefirstorganicchemistrytest.Istarted____19____herandsaidIwouldhelpher.However,itquicklybecame____20____thatshelackedeventhemostbasic____21____requiredforthecourse.Iworkedandworkedwithher,butwhenthesecond____22____camearound,shefailedagain.Istruggledforalongtime.____23____,Ihadtosay,“Look,haveyou____24____studyingothercourses?Organicchemistryisreallyhardforyou,and…”Shebrokeinandsaid____25____,“Ihavetobeadoctor.Don’tyouunderstandthat?”Thensherushedoutofmyoffice.I’vethoughtlongaboutthatincident:Thisyoungladyhad____26____herselfforyears.Noonehadevertoldherthe____27____:“Hey,youknow,maybebeingadoctorisn’tsuitableforyou.”Latershe____28____afewcoursesagainandhadtoleaveMichiganMedicalSchool.Iwonderhowmuchtimeshe____29____.Maybeshewouldbeaworld-classartistorbankmanagerifshehadn’tinsistedonbecomingadoctor.Butifsomeonehadbeen____30____withherearlier,shemighthaveavoidedtheterriblesuffering.Honestguidance,thoughhard,istrue____31____.17.A.brokedown B.gotthrough C.calmeddown D.wentoff18.A.but B.as C.or D.and19.A.greeting B.approaching C.teaching D.comforting20.A.normal B.typical C.obvious D.regular21.A.skills B.patience C.habits D.faith22.A.semester B.test C.mission D.lesson23.A.Eventually B.Recently C.Gradually D.Suddenly24.A.begun B.remembered C.regretted D.considered25.A.slowly B.exactly C.angrily D.gently26.A.admired B.fooled C.inspired D.judged27.A.truth B.dream C.decision D.difference28.A.attended B.failed C.chose D.finished29.A.spared B.planned C.saved D.wasted30.A.honest B.familiar C.satisfied D.strict31.A.intention B.resource C.kindness D.belief【答案】17.C18.A19.D20.C21.A22.B23.A24.D25.C26.B27.A28.B29.D30.A31.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者在密歇根醫(yī)學(xué)院當(dāng)助教時(shí)，遇到一位一心想成為醫(yī)生但有機(jī)化學(xué)考試多次不及格的學(xué)生的故事，由此引發(fā)了對(duì)坦誠(chéng)引導(dǎo)重要性的思考。【17題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：當(dāng)她終于平靜下來(lái)時(shí)，我問(wèn)她怎么了。A.brokedown崩潰；B.gotthrough通過(guò)；C.calmeddown平靜下來(lái)；D.wentoff爆炸，離開(kāi)。根據(jù)前文“astudentcameintomyofficeandbrokeintotears”可知，學(xué)生一開(kāi)始大哭，后來(lái)應(yīng)該是平靜下來(lái)后作者才問(wèn)她怎么了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：她告訴我她必須成為一名醫(yī)生，但她剛剛第一次有機(jī)化學(xué)考試不及格。A.but但是；B.as因?yàn)椋?dāng)……時(shí)；C.or或者；D.and和。根據(jù)前文“Shetoldmethatshehadtobeadoctor”和后文“shehadjustfailedthefirstorganicchemistrytest”，前后形成明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，她想成為醫(yī)生，然而考試卻不及格。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我開(kāi)始安慰她，并說(shuō)我會(huì)幫助她。A.greeting問(wèn)候；B.approaching接近；C.teaching教；D.comforting安慰。根據(jù)前文“astudentcameintomyofficeandbrokeintotears”和后文“saidIwouldhelpher”可知，學(xué)生很傷心，所以作者應(yīng)該是安慰她。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，很快就明顯看出她甚至缺乏這門課程所需的最基本技能。A.normal正常的；B.typical典型的；C.obvious明顯的；D.regular有規(guī)律的。根據(jù)后文“Iworkedandworkedwithher,butwhenthesecondshefailedagain”可知，作者和她一起努力，但她還是沒(méi)通過(guò)考試，說(shuō)明她缺乏基本技能是很明顯的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，很快就明顯看出她甚至缺乏這門課程所需的最基本技能。A.skills技能；B.patience耐心；C.habits習(xí)慣；D.faith信念。根據(jù)前文“shelacked”和后文“shefailedagain”可推知，在作者的幫助下她仍不及格，說(shuō)明她缺乏的是課程所需的基本技能。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我和她一起努力學(xué)習(xí)，但當(dāng)?shù)诙慰荚噥?lái)臨時(shí)，她又不及格了。A.semester學(xué)期；B.test考試；C.mission任務(wù)；D.lesson課程。根據(jù)前文“shehadjustfailedthefirstorganicchemistrytest”和后文“shefailedagain”可知，這里說(shuō)的是第二次考試。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，我不得不說(shuō)：“看，你考慮過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)其他課程嗎？有機(jī)化學(xué)對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)真的很難，……”A.Eventually最終；B.Recently最近；C.Gradually逐漸地；D.Suddenly突然。根據(jù)前文“Istruggledforalongtime”可知，作者糾結(jié)了很久，最終才說(shuō)出這番話。故選A項(xiàng)。【24題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.begun開(kāi)始；B.remembered記得；C.regretted后悔；D.considered考慮。根據(jù)后文“othercourses?”和“Organicchemistryisreallyhardforyou”可知，作者建議學(xué)生考慮學(xué)習(xí)其他課程。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她打斷我的話，生氣地說(shuō)：“我必須成為一名醫(yī)生。你不明白嗎？”A.slowly慢慢地；B.exactly確切地；C.angrily生氣地；D.gently溫柔地。根據(jù)前文“Shebrokein”和后文“Don’tyouunderstandthat?”可知，她打斷了作者的話并反問(wèn)作者，說(shuō)明作者讓她放棄有機(jī)化學(xué)的建議讓她生氣了。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這位年輕女士多年來(lái)一直在自欺欺人。A.admired欽佩；B.fooled欺騙；C.inspired激勵(lì)；D.judged判斷。根據(jù)后文“Noonehadevertoldherthe

:‘Hey,youknow,maybebeingadoctorisn’tsuitableforyou.’”可知，她一直沒(méi)有認(rèn)清自己不適合當(dāng)醫(yī)生這個(gè)事實(shí)，所以一直在自己欺騙自己。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從來(lái)沒(méi)有人告訴她真相：“嘿，你知道，也許當(dāng)醫(yī)生不適合你?！盇.truth真相；B.dream夢(mèng)想；C.decision決定；D.difference差異。根據(jù)后文“Hey,youknow,maybebeingadoctorisn’tsuitableforyou”可知，這是一直沒(méi)人告訴她的真相。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：后來(lái)她又有幾門課程不及格，不得不離開(kāi)密歇根醫(yī)學(xué)院。A.attended參加；B.failed不及格；C.chose選擇；D.finished完成。根據(jù)后文“hadtoleaveMichiganMedicalSchool”可知，她是因?yàn)檎n程不及格才離開(kāi)學(xué)校的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我想知道她浪費(fèi)了多少時(shí)間。A.spared抽出；B.planned計(jì)劃；C.saved節(jié)省；D.wasted浪費(fèi)。根據(jù)前文“Shetoldmethatshehadtobeadoctor,

shehadjustfailedthefirstorganicchemistrytest”以及“Latershe

afewcoursesagainandhadtoleaveMichiganMedicalSchool”可知，她不適合學(xué)醫(yī)卻一直堅(jiān)持，最后還離開(kāi)了醫(yī)學(xué)院，可知她浪費(fèi)了很多時(shí)間。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但如果有人早點(diǎn)對(duì)她坦誠(chéng)相待，她可能就能避免這種可怕的痛苦。A.honest誠(chéng)實(shí)的，坦誠(chéng)的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.satisfied滿意的；D.strict嚴(yán)格的。根據(jù)前文“Noonehadevertoldherthe

:‘Hey,youknow,maybebeingadoctorisn’tsuitableforyou.’”，沒(méi)人告訴她不適合當(dāng)醫(yī)生的真相，導(dǎo)致她最后經(jīng)歷痛苦，如果有人早點(diǎn)坦誠(chéng)相告，她或許能避免。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：坦誠(chéng)的引導(dǎo)，雖然艱難，但卻是真正的善意。A.intention意圖；B.resource資源；C.kindness善意；D.belief信念。根據(jù)前文“Butifsomeonehadbeen

withherearlier,shemighthaveavoidedtheterriblesuffering”可知，坦誠(chéng)地告訴學(xué)生她不適合當(dāng)醫(yī)生，能讓她避免痛苦，這是一種善意的行為。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DuringtheDuanwuFestival,____32____fallsonthefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonth,peopleinChinahangmugwort(艾草)ontheirdoors.Thistradition____33____(pass)downforcenturiesbecausemugwortisbelievedtoprotectagainstdiseases.____34____(hang)mugwortonthedoorwasacommonpractice.Thestrongsmellofmugwortacts____35____anaturalrepellent(驅(qū)蟲(chóng)劑),effectivelydrivingawaymosquitoes,flies,andotherinsects,thusreducingtheriskofdiseases____36____(carry)bythesepests.Peoplealsoboiledmugwortinwaterandused____37____forbathing.Thewaterhadantibacterialeffects,helpingtocleantheskinandremoveharmfulsubstances.Thiswas____38____(especial)usefulduringthehotandhumidseasonwhenskindiseaseswerecommon.Additionally,burningmugwort____39____(leaf)wasamethodtopurifytheair.Thesmokeproducedaspecialsmellthathelpedpurifytheair.Peoplebelievedthiscouldmakethemphysicallystrongerandkeeptheirhomes____40____(safe).Thesepracticesreflectthe____41____(wise)oftheancientsinusingnaturalresourcesforhealthpreservation.【答案】32.which33.hasbeenpassed34.Hanging35.as36.carried37.it38.especially39.leaves40.safer41.wisdom【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了中國(guó)端午節(jié)人們掛艾草、用艾草煮水洗澡、燃燒艾草葉等習(xí)俗及其背后的原因和意義?！?2題詳析】考查非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。句意：在農(nóng)歷五月初五的端午節(jié)期間，中國(guó)人會(huì)在門上掛艾草。“____fallsonthefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonth”是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞theDuanwuFestival，指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)從句。故填which?！?3題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)已經(jīng)流傳了幾個(gè)世紀(jì)，因?yàn)槿藗兿嘈虐菘梢灶A(yù)防疾病。passdown(流傳)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，與主語(yǔ)“Thistradition”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“forcenturies”可知，該動(dòng)作從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填hasbeenpassed。【34題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在門上掛艾草是一種常見(jiàn)的做法?！?hang)mugwortonthedoor”在句中作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式hanging；句首單詞首字母大寫。故填Hanging?！?5題詳析】考查介詞。句意：艾草強(qiáng)烈的氣味起到天然驅(qū)蟲(chóng)劑的作用，能有效地驅(qū)趕蚊子、蒼蠅和其他昆蟲(chóng)，從而降低這些害蟲(chóng)傳播疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。actas是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“充當(dāng)，起……作用”。故填as。【36題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：艾草強(qiáng)烈的氣味起到天然驅(qū)蟲(chóng)劑的作用，能有效地驅(qū)趕蚊子、蒼蠅和其他昆蟲(chóng)，從而降低這些害蟲(chóng)傳播疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?！?carry)bythesepests”作后置定語(yǔ)，carry(攜帶)用非謂語(yǔ)形式，與其邏輯主語(yǔ)diseases之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)。故填carried?！?7題詳析】考查代詞。句意：人們還把艾草放在水里煮，然后用它來(lái)洗澡。此處指代前面提到的“煮艾草的水”，不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用代詞it作賓語(yǔ)。故填it?！?8題詳析】考查副詞。句意：這在炎熱潮濕、皮膚病常見(jiàn)的季節(jié)特別有用。修飾形容詞useful，應(yīng)用副詞especially作狀語(yǔ)，意為“尤其，特別”。故填especially。【39題詳析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：此外，燃燒艾葉是一種凈化空氣的方法。leaf是可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填leaves?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。句意：人們相信這可以使他們身體更強(qiáng)壯，讓他們的家更安全。“keepsth.+adj.”是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“使……處于某種狀態(tài)”，用形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，結(jié)合“makethemphysicallystronger”可推知，燃燒艾葉能讓家更安全，應(yīng)用比較級(jí)形式safer。故填safer?！?1題詳析】考查名詞。句意：這些做法反映了古人利用自然資源進(jìn)行養(yǎng)生的智慧。提示詞作賓語(yǔ)，用名詞wisdom，意為“智慧”，是不可數(shù)名詞。故填wisdom。第三節(jié)課文填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）Ⅰ根據(jù)課文原文填空，每空只填一個(gè)單詞。TodaywasmyfirstdaybackinSanFranciscoaftercampingintheRedwoodForestandvisitingthewinecountryofNapaValley.Ihaveto____42____thatit____43____feelsgoodtobebackinthecityagain.Andwhatacity—acitythatwasabletorebuilditselfaftertheearthquakethat____44____in1906.Therearesomanybeautifuloldbuildings—manysittingontopofbighills,offeringgreatviewsofthecity,theocean,andtheGoldenGateBridge.【答案】42.admit43.definitely44.occurred【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在紅木森林露營(yíng)和游覽納帕谷葡萄酒產(chǎn)區(qū)后回到舊金山的感受，還提到了這座在1906年地震后重建的城市?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我不得不承認(rèn)，再次回到城市的感覺(jué)真的很好。根據(jù)句意，表示“承認(rèn)”回到這座城市的感覺(jué)很好，用動(dòng)詞admit作謂語(yǔ)，在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞haveto后用動(dòng)詞原形。故填admit。【43題詳析】考查副詞。句意：我不得不承認(rèn)再次回到這座城市真的感覺(jué)很好。根據(jù)句意，表示“確實(shí)，肯定地”，用副詞definitely作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞feels，符合語(yǔ)境。故填definitely?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：多么棒的一座城市啊——一座在1906年地震后能夠重建自我的城市?！皌hatin1906”為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞theearthquake，表示“發(fā)生”在1906的地震，用動(dòng)詞occur作從句謂語(yǔ)，結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“in1906”可知，講述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。故填occurred。Ⅱ根據(jù)課文原文填空，每空只填一個(gè)單詞。Thefourcountriesthat____45____totheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitary____46____.However,theyalsohavesomedifferences.Forexample,England,Wales,Scotland,andNorthernIrelandallhavedifferenteducationsystemsand____47____systems.Theyalsohavetheirowntraditions,liketheirownnationaldaysandnationaldishes.AndtheyevenhavetheirownfootballteamsforcompetitionsliketheWorldCup!【答案】45.belong46.defence47.legal【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了組成英國(guó)的四個(gè)國(guó)家在一些領(lǐng)域合作，使用相同的國(guó)旗、貨幣和軍事防御體系，但在教育、法律等方面存在差異?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：屬于英國(guó)的四個(gè)國(guó)家在一些領(lǐng)域共同合作。根據(jù)句意，此處表示“屬于”，用動(dòng)詞belong，作定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)，與主語(yǔ)that(即先行詞Thefourcountries)之間主動(dòng)關(guān)系，句子描述的是客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填belong?！?6題詳析】考查名詞。句意：它們使用相同的國(guó)旗，即聯(lián)合王國(guó)國(guó)旗，也共享相同的貨幣和軍事防御體系。根據(jù)句意，表示“軍事防御體系”，用名詞defence作賓語(yǔ)，意為“防御，防衛(wèi)”，不可數(shù)名詞。故填defence。【47題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：例如，英格蘭、威爾士、蘇格蘭和北愛(ài)爾蘭都有不同的教育體系和法律體系。根據(jù)句意，表示“法律體系”，用形容詞legal作定語(yǔ)，意為“法律的”。故填legal。Ⅲ根據(jù)課文原文填空，每空只填一個(gè)單詞。Asafive-year-oldgirl,LinQiaozhiwasdeeplyaffectedbyhermother’sdeath.Atage18,insteadoffollowingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethe____48____ofgirls,shechosetoworkhardandstudy.“Whyshouldgirlslearnsomuch?Findingagoodhusbandshouldbetheirfinalgoal!”herbrother____49____,thinkingofthehightuition____50____.She____51____,“I’dratherstaysingletostudyallmylife!”Later,shewentontostudymedicineasshehadwished.【答案】48.majority49.complained50.fees51.responded【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了林巧稚受母親去世影響，18歲時(shí)沒(méi)有像大多數(shù)女孩一樣走傳統(tǒng)婚姻道路，而是選擇努力學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)學(xué)，面對(duì)哥哥抱怨學(xué)費(fèi)高，她堅(jiān)定回應(yīng)要終身學(xué)習(xí)?！?8題詳析】考查名詞。句意：18歲時(shí)，她沒(méi)有像大多數(shù)女孩那樣走傳統(tǒng)的婚姻道路，而是選擇努力學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這里表示“大多數(shù)”女孩，majority是名詞，themajorityof表示“大多數(shù)……”，符合句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意。故填majority?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：“女孩為什么要學(xué)這么多？找個(gè)好丈夫才是她們的最終目標(biāo)！”她哥哥抱怨道，想著高昂的學(xué)費(fèi)。根據(jù)“女孩為什么要學(xué)這么多？”可知，她哥哥在抱怨，用動(dòng)詞com