2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解歷2025年真題深度解析匯編考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷第一部分閱讀理解閱讀下面的三篇獨立的文章，回答后面的問題。每篇文章后面都有若干小題，請根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容回答問題。注意：答案均出自文章內(nèi)容。文章一Theadventoflarge-scalegenomicsequencinghasrevolutionizedbiologicalresearch,offeringunprecedentedinsightsintothegeneticbasisoflife.However,thesheervolumeofdatageneratedposessignificantchallengesforanalysisandinterpretation.Traditionalstatisticalmethodsoftenstruggletocopewiththehighdimensionalityandcomplexityinherentingenomicdatasets.Thishasledtothedevelopmentofnewcomputationalapproaches,amongwhichmachinelearning(ML)standsoutasapowerfultool.MLalgorithmscanidentifysubtlepatternsandcorrelationswithingenomicdatathatmighteludehumanobserversorconventionalstatisticaltechniques.Frompredictingdiseasesusceptibilitytounderstandingevolutionaryrelationships,theapplicationsofMLingenomicsarevastandpromising.Yet,integratingMLeffectivelyintobiologicalworkflowsrequiresnotonlytechnicalexpertiseinbothbiologyandcomputersciencebutalsoacollaborativeapproachthatbridgesthesetraditionallyseparatedisciplines.Thefutureofpersonalizedmedicine,forinstance,heavilyreliesontheabilitytotranslatecomplexgenomicinformationintoactionableinsightsforindividualpatients,ataskwhereMLcanplayapivotalrole.問題：1.Whatistheprimarychallengementionedinthepassageregardinggenomicdata?2.Accordingtotheauthor,whatadvantagedomachinelearningalgorithmsofferovertraditionalstatisticalmethodsinthecontextofgenomics?3.Thepassagesuggeststhattheintegrationofmachinelearningintobiologicalresearchrequireswhatkindofexpertiseandapproach?4.Inwhatareadoestheauthorbelievemachinelearningcansignificantlycontributeaccordingtothepassage?文章二Urbanizationistransforminglandscapesandlifestylesatanunprecedentedpaceglobally.Whilecitiesofferopportunitiesforeconomicgrowthandculturalexchange,theyalsopresentuniquechallengesrelatedtosustainabilityandqualityoflife.Theconcentrationofpeopleandactivitiesinurbanareasleadstoincreasedconsumptionofresources,generationofwaste,andpollution.Trafficcongestion,airpollution,andtheheatislandeffectarecommonurbanproblemsthatimpacthealthandwell-being.Furthermore,therapidexpansionofcitiesoftenencroachesuponnaturalhabitats,leadingtobiodiversityloss.Sustainableurbandevelopment,therefore,demandsaholisticapproachthatconsidersenvironmental,social,andeconomicfactors.Strategiessuchaspromotingpublictransportation,greenbuildingpractices,andurbangreenspacesarecrucial.Integratingnatureintocityplanning,notjustasdecorationbutasafunctionalcomponentthatcanmitigatepollutionandproviderecreationalareas,isgainingrecognition.Ultimately,creatinglivable,resilient,andsustainablecitiesrequiresinnovativesolutionsandalong-termvisionthatbalanceshumanneedswithecologicalintegrity.問題：5.Whatfundamentalchangeisthepassagedescribingwithregardtogloballandscapesandlifestyles?6.Accordingtotheauthor,whataresomenegativeconsequencesassociatedwiththeconcentrationofpeopleinurbanareas?7.Thepassagementionsseveralstrategiesforsustainableurbandevelopment.Whichoneisdescribedasgainingrecognitionforitsfunctionalroleincities?8.Whatessentialelementdoestheauthorbelieveisneededforcreatingtrulysustainablecities?文章三Theconceptof"digitalliteracy"hasevolvedsignificantlyintheinformationage.Initially,itwasprimarilyassociatedwiththeabilitytousecomputersandbasicsoftware.However,astechnologyhasadvanced,digitalliteracyhascometoencompassamuchbroaderrangeofskillsandknowledge.Itnowincludestheabilitytofind,evaluate,andutilizeinformationfromdigitalsourcescritically,aswellasthecapacitytocommunicateeffectivelyonline,understanddigitalprivacyissues,andevenengageinthecreationofdigitalcontent.Educationalinstitutionsareincreasinglyrecognizingtheimportanceofdigitalliteracyandareintegratingrelatedcompetenciesintotheircurriculaacrossvariousdisciplines.Forindividualsnavigatingthemodernworld,digitalliteracyisnolongeraluxurybutanecessity.Itempowerspeopletoparticipatefullyinsociety,makeinformeddecisions,andavoidthepitfallsofmisinformation.Asnewtechnologiescontinuetoemerge,thedefinitionandscopeofdigitalliteracyarelikelytoexpandfurther,highlightingtheongoingneedforcontinuouslearningandadaptationinthedigitalrealm.問題：9.Howhasthedefinitionof"digitalliteracy"changedaccordingtothepassagesinceitsinitialconception?10.Besidesfindingandusinginformation,whatothercriticalabilitiesdoesmoderndigitalliteracyinvolve,asmentionedinthetext?11.Thepassageindicatesthateducationalinstitutionsaredoingwhatregardingdigitalliteracy?12.Accordingtotheauthor,whyisdigitalliteracyconsideredessentialforindividualstoday?第二部分完形填空閱讀下面的文章，文中有十個空白，每個空白有四個選項。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，選擇最適合填入相應空白處的選項。選項中有兩個選項為干擾項。Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedintensedebateacrossvarioussectors.Proponentshighlightitspotentialtoautomatemundanetasks,enhanceproductivity,andevenaidinmedicaldiagnoses.TheyenvisionanAI-poweredfuturewhereefficiencyandinnovationreachnewheights.However,criticsvoiceconcernsaboutthepotentialdisplacementofhumanworkersandtheethicaldilemmasarisingfromautonomousdecision-makingsystems.ThequestionofbiasembeddedwithinAIalgorithmsanditspotentialtoperpetuatesocietalinequalitiesisalsofrequentlyraised.Furthermore,therelianceonAIsystemsraisesquestionsaboutaccountabilityandthepotentialforunintendedconsequenceswhenthingsgowrong.Navigatingthiscomplexlandscaperequiresabalancedperspective.WhileacknowledgingthetransformativepowerofAI,itiscrucialtoproactivelyaddressitsrisksthroughthoughtfulregulation,ethicalguidelines,andinvestmentinreskillingandupskillingtheworkforce.EnsuringthatthebenefitsofAIaredistributedequitablyandthatitsdevelopmentalignswithhumanvalueswillbeparamountintheyearstocome.1.______theadvancementsinAI,manyexpertsremainoptimisticaboutitspositiveimpactonsociety.A.DespiteB.BecauseofC.IncontrasttoD.Regardlessof2.WhatdoproponentsofAIprimarilyemphasizeregardingitsbenefits?A.Itspotentialtoreplacehumanjudgmententirely.B.Itsabilitytoautomatetasksandenhanceproductivity.C.Itsroleincreatingentirelynewjobcategories.D.Itscapacityforindependentscientificdiscovery.3.CriticsofAIfocusonseveralpotentialdownsides,______akeyconcernbeingjobdisplacement.A.includingB.suchasC.consistingofD.comprising4.Theethicaldilemmasmentionedinthepassageareoftenrelatedto______.A.theenergyconsumptionofAIsystems.B.theprivacyofuserdatacollection.C.theautonomyanddecision-makingofAIsystems.D.thedifficultyofprogrammingcomplexalgorithms.5.______biaswithinAIalgorithmsisasignificantconcern,asitcanleadtounfairoutcomes.A.ThedetectionofB.TheimplementationofC.ThepresenceofD.Thecorrectionof6.WhenAIsystemscauseproblems,determiningwhoisresponsiblecanbechallenging,highlightingissuesof______.A.technologicalefficiencyB.usererrorC.accountabilityD.datasecurity7.TomanagethechallengesposedbyAI,thepassagesuggestsaneedfor______.A.banningallAIdevelopmentimmediately.B.encouragingrapid,unregulatedinnovation.C.proactivemeasureslikeregulationandethicalguidelines.D.minimizingpublicdiscussionaboutAIethics.8.AcrucialaspectforthefuturedevelopmentofAIinvolvesensuringitsbenefitsare______.A.concentratedamongafewtechgiants.B.distributedequitablyacrosssociety.C.primarilyfocusedonindustrialapplications.D.exclusivelydirectedtowardseconomicgrowth.9.ThepassageimpliesthatsuccessfulAIintegrationrequiresdevelopmentthatalignswith______.A.marketdemandsalone.B.technologicalcapabilitiesonly.C.humanvaluesandsocietalneeds.D.governmentmandatesexclusively.10.Theoveralltoneofthepassageindicatesacallfor______.A.completerejectionofAItechnology.B.unrestrictedpursuitofAIcapabilities.C.abalancedandconsideredapproachtoAIdevelopment.D.immediatecelebrationofAIachievements.第三部分翻譯將下面劃線部分的句子翻譯成中文。Theglobalcommunitymustuniteandinvestsignificantlyinrenewableenergytechnologiestomitigatetheescalatingclimatecrisis,ensuringasustainablefutureforgenerationstocome.第四部分寫作題目：Manypeoplebelievethatgovernmentsshouldspendmoremoneyonimprovingroadsandhighwaysthanonpublictransportation.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?Inyouropinion,whichshouldbethegovernment'shigherpriority:improvingroadsandhighwaysordevelopingpublictransportation?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.---試卷答案第一部分閱讀理解文章一1.Sheervolumeofdataandcomplexity,makinganalysisandinterpretationdifficult.*解析思路：文章首段明確指出，基因組測序產(chǎn)生的數(shù)據(jù)量巨大（sheervolume），且具有高度維度性和復雜性（highdimensionalityandcomplexity），這使得分析和解釋成為挑戰(zhàn)（posessignificantchallenges）。2.Identifyingsubtlepatternsandcorrelationswithingenomicdatathatmighteludehumanobserversorconventionalstatisticaltechniques.*解析思路：文章接著說明，機器學習算法的優(yōu)勢在于能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)人類觀察者或傳統(tǒng)統(tǒng)計技術可能忽略的基因組數(shù)據(jù)中的細微模式和關聯(lián)（identifysubtlepatternsandcorrelations...thatmightelude...）。3.Biologicalexpertiseandacollaborativeapproachbridgingbiologyandcomputerscience.*解析思路：文章提到，將機器學習有效整合到生物工作流程中，不僅需要生物學和計算機科學的專業(yè)知識（technicalexpertiseinbothbiologyandcomputerscience），還需要一種合作的方法（collaborativeapproach）來彌合這兩個傳統(tǒng)上分離的學科之間的差距（bridgesthesetraditionallyseparatedisciplines）。4.Personalizedmedicine,bytranslatingcomplexgenomicinformationintoactionableinsightsforindividualpatients.*解析思路：文章以個性化醫(yī)療為例，說明機器學習的作用在于能夠幫助將復雜的基因組信息轉化為針對個體患者的可操作的見解（translatecomplexgenomicinformationintoactionableinsightsforindividualpatients），這正是ML可以發(fā)揮關鍵作用的地方（playapivotalrole）。文章二5.Urbanizationistransforminglandscapesandlifestylesatanunprecedentedpaceglobally.*解析思路：文章首句直接點明了主題，即城市化正在以前所未有的速度改變?nèi)虻木坝^和生活方式（Urbanizationistransforminglandscapesandlifestylesatanunprecedentedpaceglobally）。6.Increasedresourceconsumption,wastegeneration,pollution,trafficcongestion,airpollution,andtheheatislandeffect.*解析思路：文章第二段列出了城市人口密集帶來的負面影響，包括資源消耗增加（increasedconsumptionofresources）、廢物產(chǎn)生（generationofwaste）、污染（pollution）、交通擁堵（trafficcongestion）、空氣污染（airpollution）以及熱島效應（theheatislandeffect）。7.Integratingnatureintocityplanningasafunctionalcomponent.*解析思路：文章在討論可持續(xù)發(fā)展策略時提到，將自然融入城市規(guī)劃不僅作為裝飾，更作為具有功能性的組成部分（Integratingnatureintocityplanning,notjustasdecorationbutasafunctionalcomponent）是越來越受到認可的做法。8.Aninnovativesolutionsandalong-termvisionthatbalanceshumanneedswithecologicalintegrity.*解析思路：文章最后強調，要創(chuàng)造真正可持續(xù)的城市，需要創(chuàng)新解決方案（innovativesolutions）和長期愿景（along-termvision），這個愿景需要平衡人類需求與生態(tài)完整性（balanceshumanneedswithecologicalintegrity）。文章三9.Itnowincludestheabilitytofind,evaluate,andutilizeinformationfromdigitalsourcescritically,aswellasthecapacitytocommunicateeffectivelyonline,understanddigitalprivacyissues,andevenengageinthecreationofdigitalcontent.*解析思路：文章第二段指出，數(shù)字素養(yǎng)的定義已經(jīng)從最初使用計算機和基本軟件，擴展到更廣泛的技能和知識（hascometoencompassamuchbroaderrangeofskillsandknowledge），包括批判性地查找、評估和利用數(shù)字信息來源的能力（abilitytofind,evaluate,andutilizeinformation...critically），以及有效在線溝通、理解數(shù)字隱私問題和創(chuàng)建數(shù)字內(nèi)容的能力。10.Communicateeffectivelyonlineandunderstanddigitalprivacyissues.*解析思路：根據(jù)文章第二段對現(xiàn)代數(shù)字素養(yǎng)的描述，除了查找和使用信息，還涉及有效在線溝通（communicateeffectivelyonline）和理解數(shù)字隱私問題（understanddigitalprivacyissues）。11.Integratingrelatedcompetenciesintotheircurriculaacrossvariousdisciplines.*解析思路：文章提到，教育機構越來越認識到數(shù)字素養(yǎng)的重要性，并將相關能力（relatedcompetencies）整合到各個學科的課程中（otheircurriculaacrossvariousdisciplines）。12.Becauseitempowerspeopletoparticipatefullyinsociety,makeinformeddecisions,andavoidthepitfallsofmisinformation.*解析思路：文章最后一句解釋了數(shù)字素養(yǎng)為何被視為必需，因為它使人們能夠充分參與社會（participatefullyinsociety）、做出明智的決定（makeinformeddecisions）并避免錯誤信息的陷阱（avoidthepitfallsofmisinformation）。第二部分完形填空1.Despite*解析思路：空格前提到“盡管有關于人工智能進步的報道”，空格后提到“許多專家仍然對人工智能的積極影響持樂觀態(tài)度”。這里表示轉折，盡管有挑戰(zhàn)或負面討論，但仍有樂觀觀點，應使用“Despite”（盡管）。2.Itsabilitytoautomatetasksandenhanceproductivity.*解析思路：空格所在句子是“支持者主要強調人工智能的哪些好處？”。根據(jù)文章第一段，支持者強調的是AI自動執(zhí)行任務和提高生產(chǎn)力的能力（automatemundanetasks,enhanceproductivity）。3.suchas*解析思路：空格前提到“批評者對人工智能的缺點有很多關注”，空格后列舉了“工作流失是一個主要關注點”。這里需要引導一個例子，表示“例如”、“比如”，應使用“suchas”。4.theautonomyanddecision-makingofAIsystems.*解析思路：空格所在句子解釋“道德困境通常與什么相關？”。根據(jù)文章第一段，批評者提到的道德困境主要涉及自主決策的AI系統(tǒng)（autonomousdecision-makingsystems）帶來的問題。5.Thepresenceof*解析思路：空格前提到“在AI算法中存在偏見是一個重大擔憂”，空格后說明“這可能導致不公平的結果”。這里表示“存在”，應使用“Thepresenceof”（存在）。6.accountability*解析思路：空格所在句子討論AI系統(tǒng)出錯時，確定責任人是多么具有挑戰(zhàn)性，并點出這突顯了什么問題。根據(jù)文章第一段，當AI系統(tǒng)出錯時，確定責任（whoisresponsible）是難題，這突顯了問責制（accountability）問題。7.proactivemeasureslikeregulationandethicalguidelines.*解析思路：空格所在句子說明為了管理AI帶來的挑戰(zhàn)需要什么。根據(jù)文章第一段末尾，需要采取主動措施，如監(jiān)管（regulation）和道德指南（ethicalguidelines）。8.distributedequitablyacrosssociety.*解析思路：空格所在句子討論