2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解詞匯背誦與真題解析考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷directions:ReadthefollowingpassagesandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).MarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage1Theinternethasfundamentallyalteredthewayweconsumeinformationandinteractwitheachother.Once,thedisseminationofnewsandideaswaslargelycontrolledbytraditionalmediaoutletssuchasnewspapers,television,andradio.However,theriseoftheinternethasdemocratizedthecreationandsharingofcontent,allowinganyonewithaninternetconnectiontobecomeapublisher.Thisshifthasbothpositiveandnegativeimplications.Ontheonehand,theinternethasprovidedaplatformfordiversevoicestobeheard.Individualsandsmallgroupswhowerepreviouslymarginalizedbymainstreammediacannowreachaglobalaudiencewiththeirperspectives.Thishasledtoamorepluralisticandinclusivepublicdiscourse.Moreover,theinternethasmadeiteasierforpeopletoaccessinformationfromawiderangeofsources.Thiscanleadtogreaterawarenessandunderstandingofdifferentissuesandviewpoints.Ontheotherhand,theinternethasalsofacilitatedthespreadofmisinformationanddisinformation.Theeasewithwhichfalseormisleadinginformationcanbecreatedandsharedonlineposesasignificantchallengetomedialiteracyandcriticalthinking.Inaddition,theinternethascontributedtothefragmentationofattention.Withcountlesssourcesofinformationavailableatanygivenmoment,itcanbedifficulttofocusonanyonetopicforanextendedperiodoftime.Despitethesechallenges,thereisnodoubtthattheinternethashadaprofoundimpactonsociety.Ithaschangedthewaywecommunicate,learn,andconsumemedia.Aswemoveforward,itwillbeimportanttodevelopstrategiestomaximizethebenefitsoftheinternetwhilemitigatingitspotentialdrawbacks.Questions:1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthepositiveeffectsoftheinternet?3.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthenegativeeffectsoftheinternet?4.Theword"dissemination"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?5.Theword"fragmentation"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?Passage2Climatechangeisoneofthemostsignificantchallengesfacinghumanitytoday.Thescientificconsensusisclear:theplanetiswarmingatanunprecedentedrate,largelyduetohumanactivitiessuchasburningfossilfuelsanddeforestation.Thiswarminghasfar-reachingconsequences,includingmorefrequentandsevereweatherevents,risingsealevels,andthelossofbiodiversity.Theimpactsofclimatechangearealreadybeingfeltaroundtheworld.Coastalcommunitiesarefacingthethreatofflooding,agriculturalyieldsaredeclininginmanyregions,andextremeweathereventssuchashurricanesandheatwavesarebecomingmorecommon.Thesechangesposeasignificantrisktohumanhealth,economicstability,andecologicalbalance.Addressingclimatechangerequiresamultifacetedapproach.Ontheonehand,governmentsneedtoimplementpoliciesthatreducegreenhousegasemissions.Thiscouldinvolveinvestinginrenewableenergysources,improvingenergyefficiency,andimplementingcarbonpricingmechanisms.Ontheotherhand,individualsalsohavearoletoplay.Simpleactionssuchasreducingenergyconsumption,usingpublictransportation,andadoptingaplant-baseddietcanmakeadifference.Whilethechallengeofclimatechangeisimmense,itisnotinsurmountable.Byworkingtogether,wecancreateamoresustainablefutureforourselvesandfuturegenerations.Questions:6.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?7.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthecausesofclimatechange?8.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneoftheconsequencesofclimatechange?9.Theword"multifaceted"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?10.Theword"insurmountable"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?Passage3Theconceptofartificialintelligence(AI)hascapturedtheimaginationofpeoplearoundtheworld.AIreferstothesimulationofhumanintelligenceinmachinesthatareprogrammedtothinkandlearnlikehumans.ThedevelopmentofAIhasthepotentialtorevolutionizemanyaspectsofourlives,fromhealthcareandeducationtotransportationandentertainment.OneofthemostpromisingapplicationsofAIisinthefieldofhealthcare.AIalgorithmscananalyzemedicalimages,identifydiseases,andevenassistinthedevelopmentofnewtreatments.Thiscouldleadtomoreaccuratediagnoses,personalizedmedicine,andimprovedpatientoutcomes.Ineducation,AIcanbeusedtocreatepersonalizedlearningexperiencesforstudents,adaptingtotheirindividualneedsandlearningstyles.However,thedevelopmentofAIalsoraisesethicalconcerns.Issuessuchasdataprivacy,algorithmicbias,andthepotentialdisplacementofhumanworkersareallimportantconsiderations.AsAIcontinuestoevolve,itwillbecrucialtodevelopframeworksandguidelinestoensurethatitisdevelopedandusedresponsibly.Despitethesechallenges,thepotentialbenefitsofAIareimmense.Byharnessingitspower,wecancreateafuturewheretechnologyworksalongsidehumanstosolvecomplexproblemsandimproveourqualityoflife.Questions:11.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?12.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthepotentialapplicationsofAIinhealthcare?13.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneoftheethicalconcernsrelatedtoAI?14.Theword"algorithms"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?15.Theword"harnessing"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?Passage4TheGreatBarrierReef,locatedoffthecoastofQueensland,Australia,istheworld'slargestcoralreefsystem.Itiscomposedofover2,900individualreefsand900islands,stretchingforover2,300kilometers.TheGreatBarrierReefishometoavastarrayofmarinelife,includingover1,500speciesoffish,400speciesofcoral,andnumerousotherorganismssuchassharks,turtles,andrays.TheGreatBarrierReefisfacingsignificantthreatsduetoclimatechange,pollution,andoverfishing.Risingseatemperaturesarecausingcoralbleaching,aphenomenonwherecoralslosetheircolorfulsymbiontsandbecomevulnerabletodeath.Pollutionfromland-basedsources,suchasagriculturalrunoffandsewage,isalsodamagingthereefecosystem.Overfishingisdepletingfishpopulationsanddisruptingtheecologicalbalance.EffortsarebeingmadetoprotecttheGreatBarrierReef.TheAustraliangovernmenthasestablishedtheGreatBarrierReefMarinePark,whichaimstoconserveandprotectthereefecosystem.Scientistsarealsoresearchingwaystomitigatetheeffectsofclimatechangeandpollutiononthereef.Publicawarenesscampaignsareunderwaytoencouragepeopletotakeactionsthatcanhelpprotectthereef,suchasreducingtheircarbonfootprintandparticipatinginclean-upactivities.TheGreatBarrierReefisapreciousnaturalresourcethatisimportantforbothecologicalandeconomicreasons.Itsprotectioniscrucialforthesakeofcurrentandfuturegenerations.Questions:16.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?17.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthethreatstotheGreatBarrierReef?18.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemeasuresbeingtakentoprotecttheGreatBarrierReef?19.Theword"symbionts"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?20.Theword"mitigate"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?試卷答案Passage11.A解析：文章首段指出互聯(lián)網(wǎng)改變了我們獲取信息和互動的方式，并引出下文對其影響的討論，因此文章主要話題是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對社會的影響。2.B解析：文章第二段明確提到，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)讓不同聲音能被聽到，這屬于積極影響，且與“pluralisticandinclusivepublicdiscourse”（多元化的包容性公共話語）相符。3.C解析：文章第三段指出，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)也促進了錯誤信息的傳播，這是其負面影響之一，與“misinformationanddisinformation”相符。4.D解析：根據(jù)上下文，“dissemination”在此處指信息的傳播和散布。選項A“出版”不夠全面；選項B“解釋”不合適；選項C“分配”不符；選項D“傳播”最貼近。5.A解析：根據(jù)上下文，“fragmentation”指注意力被分散、碎片化。選項A“碎片化”最符合此意；選項B“分散”不夠準確；選項C“減少”不符；選項D“變化”太籠統(tǒng)。Passage26.A解析：文章首段明確指出氣候變化是人類面臨的最重大挑戰(zhàn)之一，并概述了其原因和后果，因此主要話題是氣候變化及其挑戰(zhàn)。7.B解析：文章第二段明確提到，氣候變化主要是由人類活動如燃燒化石燃料和森林砍伐造成的，這與選項B“人類活動”一致。8.C解析：文章第二段列舉了氣候變化的多個后果，如極端天氣事件更頻繁、更嚴重，這與選項C“更頻繁和更嚴重的天氣事件”相符。9.D解析：根據(jù)上下文，“multifacete