2025年大學(xué)《大學(xué)英語》專業(yè)題庫——英語專業(yè)專業(yè)素養(yǎng)評估研究考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、閱讀理解閱讀以下三篇短文，回答問題。短文一Theconceptofculturalimperialism,whileoftencontroversial,referstotheinfluenceofonecultureoveranother,leadingtotheperceiveddominanceofthatculture'svalues,norms,andpractices.Inthecontextofglobalmedia,culturalimperialismisfrequentlyassociatedwiththespreadofWesternmediacontent,suchasfilms,televisionshows,andnewsbroadcasts,whichareproducedanddistributedbyWesterncompanies.ThisinfluxofWesternmediacanpotentiallyovershadowlocalmediaproduction,leadingtoasituationwherelocalaudiencesareprimarilyexposedtoWesternperspectivesandlifestyles.CriticsarguethatthiscanresultintheerosionoflocalculturesandthepromotionofWesternideologies,ultimatelyleadingtoaformofculturalhomogenization.However,proponentsofglobalizationarguethatculturalexchangeisanaturalandbeneficialprocess,enrichingboththedominantandthedominatedcultures.Theysuggestthatlocalculturesarenotmerelypassiverecipientsbutactiveparticipantsintheglobalculturallandscape,adaptingandintegratingexternalinfluencesinwaysthatreflecttheirownuniquetraditionsandvalues.問題：1.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethemaincharacteristicsofculturalimperialism?2.HowdoesthespreadofWesternmediacontributetoculturalimperialism?3.Whatarethepotentialnegativeconsequencesofculturalimperialismasdescribedbycritics?4.Whatisthecounterargumenttothecriticismofculturalimperialismregardingculturalexchange?短文二Thefieldofsecondlanguageacquisition(SLA)hasseensignificantadvancementsinrecentyears,largelydrivenbyresearchincognitivepsychologyandlinguistics.SLAresearchersaimtounderstandhowsecondlanguagesarelearned,thefactorsthatinfluencelearningoutcomes,andthemosteffectivemethodsforlanguageinstruction.OneofthekeyareasoffocusinSLAistheroleofthelearner'sindividualdifferences,suchasage,motivation,learningstyle,andpriorlinguisticexperience.Forinstance,someresearchersarguethatchildrenhaveagreatercapacityforlanguageacquisitionthanadults,whileotherscontendthatadultsmaybemoreadeptatstrategiclearning.AnotherimportantaspectofSLAisthestudyoflanguageacquisitionprocesses,includingthestageslearnersgothroughastheydevelopproficiencyinasecondlanguage.Theseprocessesofteninvolvetheformationofintermediatelinguisticsystems,knownasinterlanguage,whichreflectboththelearner'scurrentlevelofcompetenceandtheinfluenceofthefirstlanguage.Understandingtheseprocessescaninformthedevelopmentofmoreeffectivelanguageteachingmethodologiesthatcatertothespecificneedsoflanguagelearners.問題：1.Whatistheprimarygoalofsecondlanguageacquisitionresearch?2.Howdoindividualdifferencesamonglearnersimpactlanguageacquisitionaccordingtothepassage?3.Whatisthedifferencebetweenfirstlanguageacquisitionandsecondlanguageacquisitionassuggestedbysomeresearchers?4.Whatisinterlanguage,andhowdoesitrelatetotheprocessofsecondlanguageacquisition?短文三Therelationshipbetweenliteratureandsocietyiscomplexandmultifaceted.Literaturecanbeseenasbothareflectionofsocietyandapowerfultoolforsocialcommentary.Ononehand,literatureoftenportraysthesocialnorms,values,conflicts,andhistoricalcontextsofthetimeinwhichitwaswritten.Byreadingliterature,wecangaininsightsintodifferentculturesandhistoricalperiods,understandinghowpeoplelivedandthoughtinthepast.Ontheotherhand,literaturecanalsobeusedtocritiqueandchallengeexistingsocialstructuresandideologies.Manyauthorshaveusedtheirworkstoaddressissuessuchasinequality,oppression,andinjustice,advocatingforsocialchangeandreform.Forexample,CharlesDickens'novelsoftenexposedtheharshrealitiesofpovertyandsocialinequalityinVictorianEngland,whileHarrietBeecherStowe's*UncleTom'sCabin*playedasignificantroleinfuelingtheabolitionistmovementintheUnitedStates.Inthissense,literaturecanbeapowerfulforceforsocialtransformation,inspiringreaderstoquestionthestatusquoandworktowardsamorejustandequitablesociety.問題：1.Howcanliteraturebeseenasareflectionofsociety?2.Whatrolecanliteratureplayincritiquingandchallengingsocialnorms?3.Provideanexampleofaliteraryworkthatusedsocialcommentarytopromotesocialchange.4.Inwhatwayscanliteraturecontributetosocialtransformation?二、詞匯與語法1.Choosethewordthatbestcompletesthefollowingsentence:Thediscoveryofpenicillinwasa______momentinthehistoryofmedicine,fundamentallychangingthewaydiseasesweretreated.a)pivotalb)trivialc)mundaned)insignificant2.Selectthecorrectformoftheverbtocompletethesentence:IfI______moretime,Iwouldhavefinishedthetranslationproject.a)haveb)hadc)hadhadd)havehad3.Fillintheblankwiththeappropriateformoftheadjective:Thediscussion______becomeincreasinglyheatedastheeveningprogressed.a)wasb)werec)hasbeend)hadbeen4.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthepassivevoice:Thecommitteewillfinalizethereportnextweek.a)Thereportwillbefinalizedbythecommitteenextweek.b)Thereportisbeingfinalizedbythecommitteenextweek.c)Thereportwillhavebeenfinalizedbythecommitteenextweek.d)Thecommitteearefinalizingthereportnextweek.5.Identifythegrammaticalerrorinthefollowingsentence:Shedon'tunderstandwhythesentenceisincorrect.a)don'tb)understandc)whyd)the三、翻譯英譯漢：Theglobalfinancialcrisisof2008exposedthevulnerabilitiesoftheinterconnectedworldeconomy.Ithighlightedtherisksassociatedwithcomplexfinancialderivativesandtheimportanceofregulatoryoversight.Thecrisisledtoasignificantincreaseingovernmentdebtascountriesimplementedstimulusmeasurestopreventeconomiccollapse.Italsopromptedareevaluationoftheroleoffinancialinstitutionsandtheneedforgreateraccountability.Whiletheworldeconomyhassincerecovered,thescarsofthecrisisremain,servingasareminderofthedelicatebalancebetweenglobalprosperityandfinancialstability.漢譯英：絲綢之路是連接?xùn)|西方文明的重要通道，它不僅是商品貿(mào)易的橋梁，也是文化交流的紐帶。通過絲綢之路，中國的絲綢、瓷器、茶葉等商品傳播到西方，而西方的宗教、藝術(shù)、科技等也傳入中國，對中西方社會的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)影響。四、寫作Chooseoneofthefollowingtopicsandwriteanessayofapproximately500words.1.Inanincreasinglyglobalizedworld,theexchangeofcultureshasbecomemorefrequent.Discussthebenefitsandchallengesofculturalexchange.Usespecificexamplestosupportyourarguments.2.Theroleoftechnologyinlanguagelearninghasbecomeincreasinglysignificant.Discusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofusingtechnologyforlanguageacquisition.Provideyourownperspectiveonthefutureoftechnologyinlanguagelearning.3.Chooseapieceofliteratureyouhavereadrecentlythathadasignificantimpactonyou.Explainthereasonswhythisworkresonatedwithyouanddiscussthekeythemesormessagesitconveys.---試卷答案一、閱讀理解短文一1.文化帝國主義的特征包括文化價(jià)值觀、規(guī)范和實(shí)踐的傳播，導(dǎo)致文化同質(zhì)化，以及對被統(tǒng)治文化的影響。*解析思路：文章第一段直接定義了文化帝國主義，指出其涉及文化價(jià)值觀、規(guī)范和實(shí)踐的傳播，并可能導(dǎo)致文化同質(zhì)化以及對被統(tǒng)治文化的影響。2.西方媒體的傳播通過覆蓋當(dāng)?shù)孛襟w生產(chǎn)，使當(dāng)?shù)赜^眾主要接觸西方視角和生活方式，從而促進(jìn)了文化帝國主義。*解析思路：文章第一段提到西方媒體內(nèi)容（如電影、電視節(jié)目）的傳播可以overshadowlocalmediaproduction，導(dǎo)致localaudiencesprimarilyexposedtoWesternperspectivesandlifestyles。3.批評者認(rèn)為文化帝國主義的潛在負(fù)面后果包括當(dāng)?shù)匚幕那治g和西方意識形態(tài)的推廣，最終導(dǎo)致文化同質(zhì)化。*解析思路：文章第一段指出criticsarguethatthiscanresultintheerosionoflocalculturesandthepromotionofWesternideologies,ultimatelyleadingtoaformofculturalhomogenization。4.全球化支持者認(rèn)為文化交換是自然且有益的過程，可以豐富主導(dǎo)文化和被主導(dǎo)文化，因?yàn)楫?dāng)?shù)匚幕皇潜粍咏邮苷叨欠e極參與者。*解析思路：文章第一段提到proponentsofglobalizationarguethatculturalexchangeisanaturalandbeneficialprocess,enrichingboththedominantandthedominatedcultures.Theysuggestthatlocalculturesarenotmerelypassiverecipientsbutactiveparticipants.短文二1.第二語言習(xí)得研究的主要目標(biāo)是理解第二語言是如何學(xué)習(xí)的，影響學(xué)習(xí)成果的因素，以及最有效的教學(xué)方法。*解析思路：文章第二段開頭指出SLAresearchersaimtounderstandhowsecondlanguagesarelearned,thefactorsthatinfluencelearningoutcomes,andthemosteffectivemethodsforlanguageinstruction。2.學(xué)習(xí)者的個(gè)體差異，如年齡、動機(jī)、學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格和先前語言經(jīng)驗(yàn)，會影響語言習(xí)得，因?yàn)樗鼈兪怯绊憣W(xué)習(xí)成果的重要因素。*解析思路：文章第二段提到individualdifferencesamonglearners,suchasage,motivation,learningstyle,andpriorlinguisticexperience,arekeyareasoffocusinSLAresearch,suggestingtheyimpactlanguageacquisition.3.一些研究者認(rèn)為，與兒童相比，兒童具有更大的語言習(xí)得能力，而成人可能更擅長策略性學(xué)習(xí)。*解析思路：文章第二段提到someresearchersarguethatchildrenhaveagreatercapacityforlanguageacquisitionthanadults,whileotherscontendthatadultsmaybemoreadeptatstrategiclearning.4.Interlanguage是指學(xué)習(xí)者在學(xué)習(xí)第二語言過程中形成的中間語言系統(tǒng)，它反映了學(xué)習(xí)者當(dāng)前的語言能力和第一語言的影響，與第二語言習(xí)得過程密切相關(guān)。*解析思路：文章第二段解釋了interlanguageasintermediatelinguisticsystemsformedbylearnersastheydevelopproficiency,reflectingboththelearner'scurrentlevelofcompetenceandtheinfluenceofthefirstlanguage.短文三1.文學(xué)可以被視為社會的一面鏡子，因?yàn)樗３Ｃ枥L了它所寫成的那個(gè)時(shí)代的社交規(guī)范、價(jià)值觀、沖突和歷史背景。*解析思路：文章第三段開頭提到literatureoftenportraysthesocialnorms,values,conflicts,andhistoricalcontextsofthetimeinwhichitwaswritten,indicatingitreflectssociety.2.文學(xué)可以通過批判和挑戰(zhàn)現(xiàn)有社會結(jié)構(gòu)和意識形態(tài)來發(fā)揮批判社會規(guī)范的作用，因?yàn)樗梢杂脕碓u論社會問題，如不平等、壓迫和不公正。*解析思路：文章第三段提到literaturecanalsobeusedtocritiqueandchallengeexistingsocialstructuresandideologies,advocatingforsocialchangeandreformbyaddressingissuessuchasinequality,oppression,andinjustice.3.《湯姆叔叔的小屋》是哈麗特·比徹·斯托的一本小說，它使用了社會評論來促進(jìn)社會變革，因?yàn)樗诿绹鸬搅送苿訌U奴運(yùn)動的作用。*解析思路：文章第三段以HarrietBeecherStowe's*UncleTom'sCabin*為例，說明其playedasignificantroleinfuelingtheabolitionistmovementintheUnitedStates,demonstratinghowliteraturecanusesocialcommentaryforsocialchange.4.文學(xué)可以通過提供不同的視角和經(jīng)驗(yàn)來豐富人們的理解，激發(fā)人們質(zhì)疑現(xiàn)狀并努力實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)更公正、更平等的社會，從而為社會變革做出貢獻(xiàn)。*解析思路：文章第三段最后提到literaturecanbeapowerfulforceforsocialtransformation,inspiringreaderstoquestionthestatusquoandworktowardsamorejustandequitablesociety,explaininghowliteraturecontributestosocialtransformation.二、詞匯與語法1.a)pivotal*解析思路：pivotal意為“關(guān)鍵的，重要的”，符合句意“青霉素的發(fā)現(xiàn)是醫(yī)學(xué)史上關(guān)鍵的時(shí)刻”。trivial“瑣碎的”，mundane“平凡的”，insignifi