Unit5Thehumanbrain（A卷·知識(shí)通關(guān)練）（解析版）一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．—Daddy,mayItakeabathnow?—No,you________testthewaterfirst.A．must B．may C．can D．will【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——爸爸，我現(xiàn)在可以洗澡了嗎？——不，你必須先試試水?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。must必須；may可能；can可以；will將會(huì)。根據(jù)上文“mayItakeabathnow?”和回答“No”可知，此處表示必須先試試水。故選A。2．—________doyouhelpparentsdohousework?—Onceaweek.A．Howlong B．Howmuch C．Howmany D．Howoften【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——你多久幫父母做一次家務(wù)？——一周一次?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句。Howlong多久；Howmuch多少；Howmany多少；Howoften多久一次。由“Onceaweek”可知，此處是提問(wèn)頻率，用howoften。故選D。3．IcalledJimlastnight,________hedidn’tanswerthephone.A．for B．a(chǎn)nd C．but D．or【答案】C【解析】【分析】【詳解】句意：我昨晚給吉姆打了電話，但他沒(méi)有接?？疾檫B詞辨析。for因?yàn)?；and和；but但是；or或者。根據(jù)題干“IcalledJimlastnight…h(huán)edidn’tanswerthephone”可知，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，需用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but。故選C。4．—Coalburningalotofsmokeandpollutesourair.—Yes.Actionmustbetakentodealwithit.A．givesoff B．givesup C．givesin D．givesaway【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——煤炭燃燒釋放很多煙霧污染空氣。——是的。必須采取措施處理它?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。givesoff釋放；givesup放棄；givesin屈服；givesaway捐贈(zèng)；根據(jù)“pollutesourair.”可知，污染了空氣，應(yīng)是釋放了很多煙，故選A。5．LearningEnglishinaclassroomisimportant,whileusingEnglishinreal________willimproveyourEnglishskillsgreatly.A．positions B．situations C．events D．experiences【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：在課堂上學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)很重要，而將英語(yǔ)運(yùn)用到真實(shí)情景中會(huì)大大提高你的英語(yǔ)技能。考查名詞辨析。positions位置；situations情況；events事件；experiences經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)“usingEnglishinreal...willimproveyourEnglishskillsgreatly.”可知，表示在真實(shí)情景中使用英語(yǔ)會(huì)大大提高你的英語(yǔ)技能，故選B。6．________housesinthissmallmountainvillagebrought________unusualfeelingtomeA．The,an B．The,a C．A,the D．A,an【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：這個(gè)小山村的房子給我?guī)?lái)了一種不尋常的感覺(jué)。考查冠詞。a不定冠詞，修飾輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞；an不定冠詞，修飾元音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞；the定冠詞，表示特指；“inthissmallmountainvillage”是對(duì)名詞“village”的限定，應(yīng)用定冠詞the；第二空表示泛指“一種感覺(jué)”，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，“unusual”是元音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞，應(yīng)用an修飾，故選A。7．Withthedevelopmentoftheindustry,therewillbe________livingspaceforwildanimals.A．fewerandfewer B．lessandless C．moreandmore D．biggerandbigger【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展，野生動(dòng)物的生存空間將越來(lái)越少?？疾樾稳菰~比較級(jí)的用法。fewerandfewer越來(lái)越少，修飾可數(shù)名詞；lessandless越來(lái)越小/少，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；moreandmore越來(lái)越多；biggerandbigger越來(lái)越大。space“空間”，不可數(shù)名詞，結(jié)合事實(shí)可知，動(dòng)物的空間隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展應(yīng)該越來(lái)越少了，故選B。8．________milkandcheese,wealsoneedsomevegetablesandfruitforoursalad.A．Except B．Without C．Besides D．Of【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：除了牛奶和奶酪，我們還需要一些蔬菜和水果做沙拉。考查介詞辨析。except除了，不包括其后的事物；without沒(méi)有；besides除了，包括其后的事物；of表所屬。根據(jù)“...foroursalad.”可知做沙拉需要牛奶和奶酪，所以是包括在內(nèi)，故選C。9．NeitherMikenorhisparentshavetrieddumplings,________theyallknowthetastyChinesefood.A．a(chǎn)nd B．but C．because D．so【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：邁克和他的父母都沒(méi)有吃過(guò)餃子，但他們都知道這個(gè)美味的中國(guó)食物。考查連詞辨析。and和；but但是；because因?yàn)椋籹o所以。根據(jù)“theyallknowthetastyChinesefood”可知，前后兩句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選B。10．IfI________doitnow,Iwillneverdoit.A．a(chǎn)mnot B．won’t C．didn’t D．don’t【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：如果我現(xiàn)在不做，以后也不會(huì)做了?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)及助動(dòng)詞?！癲o”是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，此處不用be動(dòng)詞；if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，遵循主將從現(xiàn)原則，此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，助動(dòng)詞用don’t。故選D。11．—Peter,couldyoucomeandhelpmeinthekitchen,please?—Sorry,mom.I________LilywithherEnglish.A．help B．helped C．a(chǎn)mhelping D．washelping【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——彼得，你能來(lái)廚房幫我做事嗎？——對(duì)不起，媽媽。我很忙。我在幫助露西學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)?？疾楝F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)在這一刻正在做的事情，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)是am/is/are+doing，故選C。12．I________myhomeworkwhenMikecamelastnight.A．do B．wasdoing C．a(chǎn)mdoing D．havedone【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：昨晚邁克來(lái)的時(shí)候，我正在做我的作業(yè)?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)及句意可知，when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，則主句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示在過(guò)去，當(dāng)從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，主句的動(dòng)作在當(dāng)時(shí)也正在進(jìn)行。故選B。13．TheticketsforFantasticBeasts:TheSecretsofDumbledore_________well,andtheywill_________soon.A．a(chǎn)resold;sellout B．a(chǎn)resold;besoldoutC．sell;sellout D．sell;besoldout【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：《神奇動(dòng)物：鄧布利多之謎》的門(mén)票賣得很好，很快就會(huì)售罄?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。sell售賣，sellwell“賣的好”無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故第一空填sell。sellout賣光，主語(yǔ)they與動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)sellout之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故第二空應(yīng)填besoldout，故選D。14．Thesedays,teachersoftentellusnot_______intheriversorlakes.A．swim B．toswim C．swimming D．toswimming【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：這些天，老師經(jīng)常告訴我們不要在河里或湖里游泳?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。固定短語(yǔ)tellsb.nottodosth.“告訴某人不要做某事”，其中nottodo是動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式。故選B。15．—Thisisthemostbeautifulpark________Ihaveevervisited.—SohaveI.A．which B．who C．when D．that【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——這是我參觀過(guò)最美麗的公園?！乙彩?。考查從屬連詞辨析和定語(yǔ)從句。which關(guān)系代詞，指代物；who關(guān)系代詞，指代人；when關(guān)系副詞，指代時(shí)間；that關(guān)系代詞，指代人或物。根據(jù)“themostbeautifulpark”可知，先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾，只能用關(guān)系代詞that，that在從句中作賓語(yǔ)。故選D。二、短文選詞填空III.Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce.(將下列單詞填入空格。每空格限填一詞，每詞只能填一次)A．a(chǎn)mazing

B．surprise

C．responsible

D．required

E.effectivelyHowisyourmemory?Rememberingthingsisanimportantfunctionofourbrain.Thereissomuchwehavetoremember—fromwhereweleftourcarkeystohowwewalk.However,it’sno____16____thatsometimesweareforgetful.Memoryallowsthebraintostoreandgetinformationbackwhen____17____.Ourshort-termmemorycanholdasmallamountofinformationforashorttime,whileourlong-termmemorycanholdanunlimitedamountofinformationforalongtime.Ourmemoryis____18____,butwhydowestillforgetthings?It’spossiblewedon’talwaysstoreinformationinourmemory____19____,maybebecauseweareinarushorweconsideritunimportantatthetime.Whenwedostoreinformation,weoftenmakeconnectionswithotherthings,whichhelpsusrecallitlater.A．environments

B．detail

C．especially

D．fail

E.appearanceButsometimesevenourshort-termmemorycan____20____us.Haveyouevergoneintoaroomtofetchsomethingonlytoforgetwhatyouwantedwhenyougotthere?Thisiscalled“TheDoorwayEffect”.Ittakesplacebecausewechangebothphysicalandmental____21____,movingtoadifferentroomandthinkingaboutdifferentthings.So,ifyouhaveaverybadmemory,itcouldbebecauseyouhavetomuchonyourmind.Butwedoneedtokeepourmemorysharpbycontinuallyusingit,____22____whenweareover50yearsold.That’swhenwe’reatmoreriskofgettingbraindiseases.However,forgettingisnotalwaysabadthing!Itisunnecessaryforustorememberevery____23____oftheworldaroundus.That’ssomethingworthremembering!【答案】16．B17．D18．A19．E20．D21．A22．C23．B【解析】【分析】記憶力是我們大腦很重要的功能。我們能記住很多事情，但是有時(shí)候也會(huì)忘記一些事情。我們要經(jīng)常鍛煉大腦，才能保持記憶力的敏銳。16．句意：然而，我們有時(shí)會(huì)健忘也就不足為奇了。no后接名詞，surprise表示“驚奇”。故選B。17．句意：當(dāng)需要時(shí)，記憶允許大腦儲(chǔ)存或者提取信息。此處是“when+過(guò)去分詞”，是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的省略形式。require表示“需要”。故選D。18．句意：我們的記憶如此驚人，但是為什么我們總是忘記東西？此空為形容詞作表語(yǔ)，根據(jù)“Ourshort-termmemorycanholdasmallamountofinformationforashorttime,whileourlong-termmemorycanholdanunlimitedamountofinformationforalongtime.”可知此處是褒義詞，amazing表示“驚人的”。故選A。19．句意：有可能我們并不是總是有效地在記憶中存儲(chǔ)信息，也許是因?yàn)槲覀兒艽颐?，或者我們認(rèn)為它在時(shí)間上不重要。此空為副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，effectively表示“有效地”。故選E。20．句意：但是有時(shí)甚至我們的短期記憶都能夠辜負(fù)我們。can后接動(dòng)詞原形，fail表示“辜負(fù)”。故選D。21．句意：它的發(fā)生因?yàn)槲覀兏淖兞宋锢砗托睦憝h(huán)境，進(jìn)入一個(gè)不同的房間，考慮不同的事情。mental形容詞修飾名詞，根據(jù)“Haveyouevergoneintoaroomtofetchsomethingonlytoforgetwhatyouwantedwhenyougotthere?”可知此處指環(huán)境的變化。故選A。22．句意：但是我們確實(shí)需要通過(guò)不斷地使用我們的記憶力來(lái)保持敏銳，尤其是當(dāng)我們超過(guò)五十歲時(shí)。此空為副詞修飾整個(gè)句子，especially表示“尤其”。故選C。

23．句意：我們沒(méi)有必要記住周圍世界的每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)。every后接名詞單數(shù)，detail表示“細(xì)節(jié)”。故選B。三、用所給單詞的正確形式填空Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms（用括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子）：24．WhenIwasachild,mymumoftentoldmemanyamazing______.（story）25．TomWhite's______bookissuretobeverypopularinHongKong.（late）26．Mark'sbirthdaypartyisasurprise.Sodon'ttell______aboutit.（he）27．Pudongis______toPuxibysomelongbridgesandtunnels.（connection）28．Theescalatorcanbringyoutothe______floorofthemall.（two）29．Lookattheinstructionscarefully,thenyoucanoperatethemachine______.（proper）30．Everyyearsomepeoplesufferfrom______disastersandwarsintheworld.（nature）31．Irespectthegroupleaderverymuch,butItotally______withhisfinaldecision.（agree）【答案】24．stories25．latest26．him27．connected28．second29．properly30．natural31．disagree【解析】24．句意：當(dāng)我還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，我媽媽經(jīng)常告訴我許多令人驚嘆的故事。根據(jù)前面有many許多，后面加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，結(jié)合句意：工作當(dāng)我還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，我媽媽經(jīng)常告訴我許多令人驚嘆的故事。故答案為stories。25．句意：湯姆·懷特的新書(shū)在香港很受歡迎。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，此處缺形容詞，結(jié)合句意：湯姆·懷特的新書(shū)在香港很受歡迎。故答案為latest。26．句意：工作馬克的生日聚會(huì)令人驚訝。所以不要告訴他。根據(jù)前面動(dòng)詞tell，所以后面加賓格，考查代詞賓格。he的賓格是him，結(jié)合句意：工作馬克的生日聚會(huì)令人驚訝。所以不要告訴他。故答案為him。27．句意：浦東與浦西的橋梁和隧道相連。根據(jù)beconnectedto與……相連。固定詞組。結(jié)合句意：浦東與浦西的橋梁和隧道相連。故答案為connected。28．句意：自動(dòng)扶梯可以帶你到購(gòu)物中心的二樓。根據(jù)句中是表示第幾層，應(yīng)該用序數(shù)詞，two的序數(shù)詞是second。結(jié)合句意：自動(dòng)扶梯可以帶你到購(gòu)物中心的二樓。故答案為second。29．句意：仔細(xì)看看說(shuō)明書(shū)，你就可以正常操作機(jī)器了。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，此處缺副詞，來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞operate，proper的副詞加ly，結(jié)合句意：仔細(xì)看看說(shuō)明書(shū)，你就可以正常操作機(jī)器了。故答案為properly。30．句意：每年有一些人遭受著自然災(zāi)害和世界上的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，此處缺形容詞，來(lái)修飾disasters。結(jié)合句意：每年有一些人遭受著自然災(zāi)害和世界上的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。故答案為natural。31．句意：我非常尊重組長(zhǎng)，但我完全不同意他的最終決定。根據(jù)前面是我非常尊重組長(zhǎng)，有but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，所以此處應(yīng)該是不同意。結(jié)合句意：我非常尊重組長(zhǎng)，但我完全不同意他的最終決定。故答案為disagree。四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換Completethefollowingsentencesasrequired（據(jù)所給要求，完成下列句子。每空格限填一詞。注意句首大寫(xiě)）：32．Joyhadnothingforherbreakfastthismorning.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句）______Joy______anythingforherbreakfastthismorning?33．MrBrownhadtositdownandresteveryfiveminutes.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）____________didMrBrownhavetositdownandrest?34．Ifwedon'taskforhelp,wewon't'beabletofinishthejob.（保持句意基本不變）We______beabletofinishthejob______weaskforhelp.35．Marydidn'ttakepartintheafter-school-activityyesterday.（改為反意疑問(wèn)句）Marydidn'ttakepartintheafter-schoolactivityyesterday,____________?36．Maywroteseveralarticlesaboutmemorylastmonth.（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）Severalarticlesaboutmemory____________byMaylastmonth.37．“WhenwillyoutakeyourexchangetourtoCanada?”Janeaskedherdaughter.（改為含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句）Janeaskedherdaughterwhen____________takeherexchangetourtoCanada.38．helpyourparents,everyweek,you,dosomehousework,hadbetter（連詞成句）____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】32．

Did,

have33．

How

often34．

won't

unless35．

did

she36．

were

written37．

she

would38．Youhadbetterhelpyourparentsdosomehouseworkeveryweek.【解析】32．句意：?jiǎn)桃两裉煸缟蠜](méi)吃早飯?？疾橐话阋蓡?wèn)句。根據(jù)原句是含有行為動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以改為一般疑問(wèn)句在句首加助動(dòng)詞did，放句首需大寫(xiě)。因?yàn)橹鷦?dòng)詞提前，動(dòng)詞用原形。故答案為Did，have。33．句意：布朗先生不得不每隔五分鐘坐下來(lái)休息一下?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句。根據(jù)劃線部分是對(duì)每五分鐘提問(wèn)，用howoften表示“多久一次”，故答案為Howoften。34．句意：如果我們不請(qǐng)求幫助，我們就不能完成這項(xiàng)工作?？疾闂l件狀語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)原句的意思是如果我們不請(qǐng)求幫助，我們就不能完成這項(xiàng)工作，可以轉(zhuǎn)化為我們不能完成這項(xiàng)工作，除非我們需求幫助。結(jié)合if……not=unless。根據(jù)unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，用主將從現(xiàn)。故答案為won’t，unless。35．句意：瑪麗昨天沒(méi)有參加課外活動(dòng)。考查反意疑問(wèn)句。根據(jù)反意的附加疑問(wèn)句由肯定陳述句加簡(jiǎn)略否定問(wèn)句，或否定陳述句加簡(jiǎn)略肯定問(wèn)句構(gòu)成。此句前面是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的否定陳述句，所以后面應(yīng)該是肯定問(wèn)句。故答案為did，she。36．句意：梅上個(gè)月寫(xiě)了幾篇關(guān)于記憶的文章?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)原句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。結(jié)構(gòu)是was/were+done.根據(jù)主語(yǔ)是severalarticles是復(fù)數(shù)，所以用were，故答案為were，written。37．句意：簡(jiǎn)問(wèn)她的女兒：“你什么時(shí)候去加拿大進(jìn)行交換生之旅呢？”考查賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)asked是過(guò)去時(shí)，所以此句要用過(guò)去對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。因?yàn)樵涫莣illdo，所以此句應(yīng)該是過(guò)去將來(lái)，用woulddo。herdaughter用she代替。故答案為shewould。38．句意：你最好每周幫你的父母做些家務(wù)。根據(jù)hadbetter+dosth最好做某事，固定詞組。helpsbdosth幫助某人做某事，固定詞組。主語(yǔ)是you，故答案為Youhadbetterhelpyourparentsdosomehouseworkeveryweek.五、閱讀單選WhenwriterNicholasCarrbeganwritinghisbookonwhethertheInternetisbadforourminds,herestricted(限制)hisuseoftheInternet.

Hisnewbook“TheShallows:WhattheInternetisDoingtoOurBrains”suggeststhelatesttechnologymakesuslessabletothinkdeeply.Carrfoundhecouldn’tconcentrateandthathecouldn’tworkonthebookwhilestayingonline.

“SoIwasonlycheckingmyemailacoupleoftimesadayratherthanevery45seconds.Ifoundthosetypesofthingsreallydidmakeadifference.”hesaid.

Afteratfirstfeelinguncomfortablewithhissuddenlossofonlineconnection,withinacoupleofweeks,Carrwasabletostayconcentratedononetaskforalongerperiod.

Hisbookalsoexaminesthehistoryofreadingandthescienceofhowusingdifferentmediachangesourbrains.

ReadingontheInternethasgreatlychangedhowweuseourbrains,hewrites.Facingalotoftexts,photos,videos,music,textmessages,emailsandblogs,ourmindshavebecomeusedtoskimming(略讀)andscanning(跳讀)information.Asaresult,wehavedevelopedskillsatmakingfastdecisions,Carrsays.Butnowmostofushardlyreadbooks,longarticlesthatwouldhelpusconcentrate,Carrwrites.

Carrsaysforcenturiesbookshelpedfocusourmindsononetopicatatime.Hehasasuggestionforthosewhofeelwebsurfinghasleftthemunabletoconcentrate——slowdown,turnofftheInternetandpracticetheskillsofbeingdeepinthought.39．NicholasCarr’snewbookmainlytellsusabout_____.A．thebadinfluencesoftheInternetB．thedevelopmentofourbrainsC．thewaysofusingtheInternetD．theadvantagesoftheInternet40．WhatmaywefindinNicholasCarr’snewbook?_____A．ThehistoryoftheInternet.B．Themedia’sinfluenceonourbrains.C．Waysofreadingonline.D．Waysoftrainingourbrains.41．AccordingtoNicholasCarr,wemakefastdecisionsbecauseof_____.A．ourreadinghabitsB．therebeingfewerbooksC．oursmarterbrainsD．therebeinglessinformation42．AccordingtoNicholasCarr_____.A．peopleshouldspendmorehoursonInternetsurfingB．peoplecandoabetterjobwhentheydowebsurfingC．readingbookshelpspeopleconcentrateononetopicD．Internetandlatesttechnologymakepeoplethinkmoredeeply43．Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?_____A．Tochangeourhabitsoflife.B．Togiveussomewarnings.C．Togiveussomeusefuladvice.D．ToaskustobuyCarr’snewbook.【答案】39．A40．B41．A42．C43．C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了作家NicholasCarr寫(xiě)的一本書(shū)，該書(shū)論述了像因特網(wǎng)這樣的現(xiàn)代科技對(duì)人的大腦思維所帶來(lái)的影響。39．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“hisbookonwhethertheInternetisbadforourminds”（他寫(xiě)的關(guān)于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是否對(duì)我們的大腦有害的書(shū)。）可知，他的新書(shū)主要講述了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的不良影響。故選A。40．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Hisbookalsoexaminesthehistoryofreadingandthescienceofhowusingdifferentmediachangesourbrains.”（他的書(shū)還探討了閱讀的歷史以及使用不同媒體如何改變我們大腦的科學(xué)。）可知，我們可以在尼古拉斯·卡爾的新書(shū)中找到媒體對(duì)我們大腦的影響。故選B。41．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段第二句“Facingalotoftexts,photos,videos,music,textmessages,emailsandblogs,ourmindshavebecomeusedtoskimming(略讀)andscanning(跳讀)information.Asaresult,wehavedevelopedskillsatmakingfastdecisions,Carrsays.”（面對(duì)大量的文本、照片、視頻、音樂(lè)、短信、電子郵件和博客，我們的大腦已經(jīng)習(xí)慣于略讀和跳讀信息。卡爾說(shuō)：“因此，我們培養(yǎng)了快速?zèng)Q策的技能?！保┛芍?，我們之所以能快速做出決定，是因?yàn)槲覀兊拈喿x習(xí)慣。故選A。42．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Carrsaysforcenturiesbookshelpedfocusourmindsononetopicatatime.”（卡爾說(shuō)，幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，書(shū)籍幫助我們一次專注于一個(gè)主題。）可知，讀書(shū)有助于人們專注于一個(gè)主題。故選C。43．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Hehasasuggestionforthosewhofeelwebsurfinghasleftthemunabletoconcentrate——slowdown,turnofftheInternetandpracticetheskillsofbeingdeepinthought.”（他給那些覺(jué)得上網(wǎng)讓他們無(wú)法集中注意力的人提了一個(gè)建議——放慢速度，關(guān)掉互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，練習(xí)深入思考的技能。）可知，最后一段的目的是給我們一些有用的建議。故選C。六、完形填空Choosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethepassage.（選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞語(yǔ)完成短文。）ShouldShakespeare（莎士比亞）betaughtinschools?LindaHillandLouisWright,twoAmericanstudents,arehavinga（an）____44____.TheyarearguingaboutwhetherornotWilliamShakespeareshoulditbetaughtinschools.Yes!—LindaHillNo!—LouisWrightShakespeareiswidelyregardedasoneofthebestwritersinhistory.Heproducedmanygreatworks.Whileweenjoythesestories,wecanlearnmanythingsFirst,Shakespeareteachesushistory.Ofcourse,thiswasnotthewriter’sintention.However,Shakespearelikedto____45____hisownsocietyinhisplays.Throughthereadingofhisworks,wecanfindoutwhatwasgoingonwhenhewasalive.Shakespearealsohelped____46____thousandsofEnglishwords.AccordingtotheOxfordEnglishDictionary,wordslike“rival”and“hostile”allfirstappearedinShakespeare’splays.WecangetabetterunderstandingoftheEnglishlanguagethroughtheseworks.____47____,fewwritersinhistoryhavebeenabletodescribethehumanconditionaswellasShakespearehad.Byexploringdifferenthumanconditions,wecanlearnhowtorelatetooneanotherbetter.Inconclusion,IthinkschoolsshouldteachShakespeare.Idon’tthinkschoolsshouldteachShakespeare.Thebiggest____48____isthatitisnotuseful.Let’sbehonest:WhendoyoureallyuseShakespeareoutsideofschool?ManyofmyclassmatesconsiderstudyingShakespearetobeawasteoftime.Ifwedidn’tstudyShakespeare,wecouldspendmoretimelearningthingsthataremoreuseful.Inaddition,Shakespeareistoo____49____.Thestoriesdon’tdealwithmodernproblems.Thelanguageisold.Itisdifficultforstudentstounderstandit.SomeyoungpeoplewillloseinterestinliteraturealltogetheriftheyarerequiredtostudyShakespeare.44．A．a(chǎn)mbition B．debate C．reply D．memory45．A．lookafter B．talkabout C．listento D．standfor46．A．keep B．translate C．reduce D．create47．A．Atleast B．Bytheway C．What’smore D．Inreturn48．A．chance B．challenge C．reason D．resource49．A．boring B．ordinary C．changeable D．familiar【答案】44．B45．B46．D47．C48．C49．A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文就“學(xué)校應(yīng)該教莎士比亞嗎？”這一話題，兩個(gè)美國(guó)學(xué)生展開(kāi)了辯論。44．句意：琳達(dá)·希爾和路易斯·賴特，兩個(gè)美國(guó)學(xué)生正在進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)辯論。ambition抱負(fù)；debate辯論；reply回復(fù)；memory記憶。根據(jù)下文表格內(nèi)容可知兩個(gè)同學(xué)是在辯論，故選B。45．句意：然而，莎士比亞喜歡在他的戲劇中談?wù)撍约旱纳鐣?huì)。lookafter照顧；talkabout談?wù)?；listento聽(tīng)；standfor代表。根據(jù)“Shakespearelikedto...hisownsocietyinhisplays.Throughthereadingofhisworks,wecanfindoutwhatwasgoingonwhenhewasalive.”可知莎士比亞在自己的作品里喜歡談?wù)撍幍纳鐣?huì)，故選B。46．句意：莎士比亞還幫助創(chuàng)造了數(shù)千個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞。keep保持；translate翻譯；reduce減少；create創(chuàng)造。根據(jù)“wordslike“rival”and“hostile”allfirstappearedinShakespeare’splays”可知此處是指創(chuàng)造新的英文單詞，故選D。47．句意：此外，歷史上很少有作家能像莎士比亞那樣描述人類的境況。Atleast至少；Bytheway順便提一下；What’smore此外；Inreturn作為回報(bào)。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，此處是作補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，故選C。48．句意：最大的原因是它沒(méi)有用。chance機(jī)會(huì)；challenge挑戰(zhàn)；reason原因；resource資源。根據(jù)“Thebiggest...isthatitisnotuseful.”可知此處是指表示反對(duì)的理由，故選C。49．句意：此外，莎士比亞太無(wú)聊了。boring無(wú)聊；ordinary普通；changeable改變的；familiar熟悉的。根據(jù)“Someyoungpeoplewillloseinterestinliterature”可知此處是無(wú)聊，故選A。七、短文首字母填空FamilyWithsomanypeopleinChina,therearenotenoughresourcesforeveryone.Thegovernmentlimitsthepopulationbya____50____familiestohaveonlyonechild,orinsomecasestwo.Childrenareoftencalled“l(fā)ittleemperors(皇帝)”becausetheyaresop____51____buttheyalsofeelgreatstresstomaketheirfamilyproud.TraditionallychildreninChinalivedinthesamehomewiththeirparentsandgrandparents.However,peoplemovemoreoftennowadays,andmosthomesaresmallespeciallyinthecities.SchoolChildrenusuallystartschoolattheageofsix.ClassesareinMandarin(普通話)butsomeschoolsalsoinvitef____52____teacherstoteachspokenEnglishinclass.Atage15,studentstakeanimportanttestthatisconsideredthek____53____toasuccessfulfuture.“Learningislikeajourneythatwillcontinueforalongtime,”goesanoldChinesesaying.FoodFamilyandfriendsoftencometogetherformealtimes.AChinesemeali____54____manydifferentdishes,suchassoup,dumplings,meatandvegetables.Everyonesharesthemtogetherwithchopsticks.Specialfoodsareservedonspecialmoments.Forexample,adishofextra-longnoodlesatbirthdaystandsforaw____55____forlonglife.C____56____Chinaalsohasarichtraditionofartandmusic.Manystillpracticecalligraphy(書(shū)法),usingspecialbrushesforwritingcharacters,andsomeschoolshasevenstartedcalligraphylessonsforchildrensinceseveralyearsago.Thesedays,modernpopmusicisbecomingmorepopularwithyoungpeople.【答案】50．(a)llowing51．(p)recious52．(f)oreign53．(k)ey54．(i)ncludes55．(w)ish56．(C)ulture【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要從家庭、學(xué)校、食物和文化四個(gè)方面展示了中國(guó)現(xiàn)在的生活狀況。50．句意：政府限制人口，讓家庭只生一個(gè)孩子。根據(jù)“Thegovernmentlimitsthepopulationby…familiestohaveonlyonechild”以及首字母可知政府為了控制人口，只允許一個(gè)家庭有一個(gè)孩子，介詞by后接動(dòng)名詞allowing“允許”。故填(a)llowing。51．句意：孩子們常常被稱為“小皇帝”，因?yàn)樗麄兪侨绱苏滟F。根據(jù)“Childrenareoftencalled“l(fā)ittleemperors(皇帝)”becausetheyareso”可知他們是小皇帝，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)家庭只有一個(gè)孩子，所以孩子是非常珍貴的，作be動(dòng)詞的表語(yǔ)用形容詞precious“珍貴的”。故填(p)recious。52．句意：上課是普通話，但有些學(xué)校也邀請(qǐng)外國(guó)老師在課堂上教授英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)。根據(jù)“teacherstoteachspokenEnglishinclass”可知是外國(guó)教師教英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)，作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞“teachers”用形容詞foreign“外國(guó)的”。故填(f)oreign。53．句意：15歲時(shí)，學(xué)生要參加一項(xiàng)重要的考試，這被認(rèn)為是通往成功未來(lái)的關(guān)鍵。根據(jù)“takeanimportanttestthatisconsideredthe…toasuccessfulfuture”以及首字母并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，15歲時(shí)參加的中考是通往成功的關(guān)鍵，thekeyto…“……的關(guān)鍵”。故填(k)ey。54．句意：中餐包括許多不同的菜肴。根據(jù)“AChinesemeal…manydifferentdishes,suchassoup,dumplings”可知一頓中餐包含有很多菜，描述客觀情況，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是“AChinesemeal”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)includes“包含”。故填(i)ncludes。55．句意：生日的一盤(pán)特長(zhǎng)面條代表著長(zhǎng)壽的愿望。根據(jù)“adishofextra-longnoodlesatbirthdaystandsfora…forlonglife”以及首字母可知長(zhǎng)壽面代表長(zhǎng)壽的愿望，不定冠詞a后加名詞單數(shù)wish“愿望”。故填(w)ish。56．句意：文化。根據(jù)“Chinaalsohasarichtraditionofartandmusic.Manystillpracticecalligraphy”可知本段討論的美術(shù)、音樂(lè)和書(shū)法等都是文化范疇，culture“文化”。故填(C)ulture。八、閱讀回答問(wèn)題閱讀短文，回答問(wèn)題。ThereisanewruleinHubeiProvinceonMarch1st,peoplewhoabandon(遺棄)dogsorcatsmayfacefinesofbetween1,000yuanand5,000yuan.Italsorequiredthatlocalgovernmentsareresponsibleforcaringaboutthem.Residents(居民)arealsonotallowedtoraise“l(fā)argeanddangerous”dogs.Peoplewhoareagainsttherulewillbefinedupto10,000yuan,andtheirdogswillberemoved.DuFan,adirectoroftheSmallAnimalProtectionAssociationinWuhansaidthathesupportedtherulebecauseitcanhelpprotectanimals.Inthecourseoftheirwork,thesethingshappenalot,butthereisnorelatedlawsorrulestostopitbefore.Theysavedmorethan700lost,abandonedandinjured(傷害)dogsandcatslastyear.Healsopointedoutthatpeopleabandontheirpetsfordifferentreasonssuchasmovingtoothercitiesortheirownerssimplydidn’twanttokeepthemanymore.Alltheseproblemsarenevercausedbytheanimals,butbypeople.TohelpsolvethatproblemhehassuggestedtheWuhanlegislature(立法機(jī)構(gòu))togivedigitalIDstopets.Itcanhelpknowthesituationsoftheanimals.“Suchrulescouldleadmorepeopletobemorecarefulbeforedecidingtohaveapet.AndIhopeitcanhelpreducethenumberofabandonedcatsanddogs.”saidZhangLi,apetowner.57．Whichkindofdogsarenotallowedtoraise?____________________________________________________58．HowmuchwillpeoplewhoabandondogsorcatsbefinedinHubei?____________________________________________________59．WhydidDuFansupporttherule?____________________________________________________60．Dotheanimalscausetheabandonedandinjuredproblems?____________________________________________________61．Whatcouldtherulesleadmorepeopletodo?____________________________________________________【答案】57．Largeanddangerousd