大學(xué)英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷U（共9套）

（共230題）

大學(xué)英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第1套

一、詞匯理解（本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。）

Whaiispopculture?Well,popis[Cl]forpopular.Thebeginningofpop

culturecanoftenberelatedtopopularmovies,televisionshows,musicstarsandsports

figures.Popcultureisalsoimprovedbybusinessand[C2].Themostcommon

examplesofAmericanpopculture[C3]amonghighschoolandcollege

students.[C4]setbyfamouspeoplequicklybecomepartofyoungpeople's

lifestyles.Americanpopculturehasspreadaroundtheworld.Onemajorreasonforits

[C5]isthatEnglishisaworldwidelanguage.Englishisthelanguageof

diplomacy,internationalbusinessandcommunication.Sincelanguageandculturego

together,learningEnglishmeansbecoming[C6]ofEnglish-speakingcultures.

Also,Americaisaworldleaderinmovies,musicandmagazines.ThekindofAmerican

culturecommunicatedinthose[C7]ispopculture.Finally,popcultureiseasy

to[C8]andtoexport.Forthatreason,itiseasyto"sell"totheworld.Many

peopleconsiderthatAmericanpopcultureiswhatAmericaisallabout.Doespopculture

[C9]thetruecultureofAmerica?Yesandno.Popculturedoesexpressapart

ofAmericansociety-[CIO]urbanyoungpeoplethatpaymuchattentiontothe

media.ButAmericanpopcultureisnotfixedandever-changing.Itisaman-madeand

superficialpictureofAmerica.IfyouwanttolearnaboutrealAmericanculture,you'll

havetogoalittlefartherthanMcDonald's.A.trendsB.immediatelyC.reflectD.

advertisingE.orderlyF.awareG.shortH.mediaI.especiallyJ.opponentsK.packageL.

appearM.inspiringN.utmostO.popularity

1、（Cll

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)為形容詞或動(dòng)詞分詞，可搭配介詞for,與is構(gòu)成本句謂語。

從本句對pop的解釋，可以推斷空白處應(yīng)為short一詞，beshortfor意為"是...的

簡稱

2、[C2]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)為名詞，與business并列作介河by的賓語，與business一樣

表示某種行業(yè)，詞庫中合適的有media和adverlising。上一句已經(jīng)提到流行文化與

電影、電視節(jié)目有關(guān)，這些都屬于media（媒體），本句中的also表明流行文化由其

他行業(yè)傳播開來，因此答案為advertisingo

3、（C31

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：L

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)為不及物動(dòng)詞原形作謂語。根據(jù)上下文，本題答案應(yīng)為

appear,指“出現(xiàn)

4、[C4]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)為名詞。根據(jù)后置定語seibyfamouspeople以及上下文，可以

推斷此處應(yīng)與上文的popculture意思相近，因此trends為N確答案，指“時(shí)尚，流

行”。

5、[C5]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：0

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)為名詞。本句中的its是指上一句中的Americanpopculture,

空白處的單詞應(yīng)表達(dá)與上一句spreadaroundtheworld相同的意思，因此popularity

為本題答案。

6、[C6]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)為形容詞，可與。f搭配。根據(jù)since引出的原因狀語從句指出

的語言與文化的關(guān)系，可以推斷答案為aware。beawareof意為“意識(shí)到”。

7、[C7]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：由those可知此處應(yīng)為名詞復(fù)數(shù)。空白處回指上一句的movies,

musicandmagazines,它們都是媒體，因此本題答案為media。

8、[C8]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：K

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞原形。結(jié)合下一句，可知耍想向全世界“推銷”美國的流

行文化，就要考慮其包裝，因此本題答案為package。

9、[C9]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞原形。本句提問的內(nèi)容與上一句相關(guān)，涉及流行文化與

美國文化的關(guān)系，因此reflecl最合適。

10、[C10]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)為副詞，修飾urban。對比本句首先提到的apartofAmerican

society及后來的urbanyoungpeople,可以推斷空白處應(yīng)為一個(gè)可以幫助縮小范圍

的副詞，因此本題答案為especially。

Lookingbackonmychildhood,Iamconvincedthatnaturalistsarebornandnotmade.

Althoughwewereallbroughtupinthesameway,mybrothersandsisterssoon[Cl]

theirpressedflowersandinsects.Unlikethem,Ihadnoearformusicand

languages.Iwasnotan[C2]readerandIcouldnotdomentalarithmetic.

BeforeWorldWarIwespentoursummerholidaysinHungary.Ihaveonlythe[C3]

memoryofthehousewelivedinandofmyroomandmytoys.ButIdohavea

crystal-clearmemoryofthedogs,thefarmanimals,thelocalbirds,andaboveall,the

insects.Iamanaturalist,notascientist.Ihaveastrongloveofthenaturalworldandmy

[C4]hadledmeintovariedinvestigations.Ilovediscussingmy[C5]

topicsandenjoyburningthemidnightoilwhilereadingaboutotherpeople's

observationsand[C61.Thensomethinghappensthatbringstheseobservations

togetherinmyconsciousmind.Suddenlyyoufancyyouseetheanswertotheriddle,

becauseitallseemstofit[C7]together.Thishasresultedinmypublishing300

papersandbooks,whichsomemight[C8]withthetitleofscientificresearch.

Butcuriosity,akeeneye,agoodmemoryandenjoymentoftheanimalandplantworld

donotmakeascientist.Ascientistrequiresnotonly[C9]buthardtraining,

determinationandagoal.Ascientist,uptoapoint,canbemade.Anaturalistisborn.If

youcan[C101thetwo,yougetthebestofbothworlds.A.combineB.connect

C.self-disciplineD.enthusiasmE.regulationsF.discoveriesG.dimH.eventuallyI.

abandonedJ.honorK.disposedL.modestM.favoriteN.earlyO.perfectly

11、[Cl]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要過去時(shí)態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞作謂語。根據(jù)第1句提到的“我相信自

然主義者是天生的''和下文的“與他們不一樣”，可以推斷兄弟姐妹是不喜歡花和昆

蟲的。abandonedtheirpressedflowersandinsects意為“拋棄了他們壓平的花和昆

蟲”。

12、[C2]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：N

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要元音開頭的形容詞作定語。以元音開頭的只有early,根據(jù)

and后面的“不會(huì)做心算”也可進(jìn)一步確認(rèn)。notanearlyreader意為“不是很早就學(xué)會(huì)

閱讀的人”。abandoned一詞雖然也以元音開頭，而且也可充當(dāng)形容詞，但在詞義上

不符合上下文的要求。

13、[C3]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要形容詞作定語。根據(jù)下文But后的內(nèi)容，可知空白處應(yīng)與

crystal-clear（一清二楚的）形成反義關(guān)系，所以答案應(yīng)該是dim。dimmemory意為

“模糊的記憶”。

14、[C4]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要名詞作主語。根據(jù)上文的stronglove,可知答案為

enthusiasmo

15、[C5]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：M

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要形容詞作定語。根據(jù)topics的謂語動(dòng)詞love可推斷答案為

favorite,即myfavoritetopics（我最喜歡的話題）。

16、[C6]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要名詞作賓語。能與。bservations構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系的名詞是

discoverieso

17、[C7]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：0

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要副詞作狀語，修飾謂語部分seemst。fit【ogether。從上下文

語義看，perfectly較合適。seemstofitperfectlytogether意為“似乎都相配得非常完

美”。

18、[C8]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：J

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要及物動(dòng)詞，而且是動(dòng)詞原形，作謂語。從下一句But后的內(nèi)

容看，此處需要一個(gè)積吸意義的動(dòng)詞,所以honor最合適。honorwiththetitleof

scientificresearch意為“尊稱這些為科學(xué)研究

19、[C9]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要名詞,與hardtraining,determinationandagoal并列作賓

語，因此答案為self-discipline。

20、[CIO]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要及物動(dòng)詞，而且是動(dòng)詞原形作謂語。根據(jù)下文“獲得這兩個(gè)

領(lǐng)域最棒的東西”，可知要把兩者結(jié)合起來，因此答案為combine。

大學(xué)英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第2套

一、長篇閱讀（本題共30題，每題7.0分，共30分。）

Decliningmentalfunctionisoftenseenasaproblemofoldage,butcertainaspectsof

brainfunctionactuallybegintheirdeclineinyoungadulthood,anewstudysuggests.The

study,whichfollowedmorethan2,000healthyadultsbetweentheagesof18and60,

foundthatcertainmentalfunctions-includingmeasuresofabstractreasoning,mental

speedandpuzzle-solving-startedtodullasearlyasage27.Dipsinmemory,

meanwhile,generallybecameapparentaroundage37.Ontheotherhand,indicatorsofa

person'saccumulatedknowledge—likeperformanceontestsofvocabularyandgeneral

knowledge—keptimprovingwithage,accordingtofindingspublishedinthejournal

NeurobiologyofAging.Theresultsdonotmeanthatyoungadultsneedtostartworrying

abouttheirmemories.Mostpeople'smindsfunctionatahighlevelevenintheirlater

years,accordingtoresearcherTimothySalthouse."Thesepatternssuggestthatsome

typesofmentalflexibilitydecreaserelativelyearlyinadulthood,butthattheamountof

knowledgeonehas,andtheeffectivenessofintegratingitwithone'sabilities,may

increasethroughoutallofadulthoodiftherearcnodiseases,"Salthouscsaidinanews

release.Thestudyincludedhealthy,educatedadultswhotookstandardtestsofmemory,

reasoningandperceptionattheoutsetandatsomepointoverthenextsevenyears.The

testsaredesignedtodetectsubtle（細(xì)微的）changesinmentalfunction,andinvolve

solvingpuzzles,recallingwordsanddetailsfromstories,andidentifyingpatternsin

collectionsoflettersandsymbols.Ingeneral,Salthouseandhiscolleaguesfound,certain

aspectsofcognition（認(rèn)知能力）generallystartedtodeclineinthelate20sto30s.The

findingsshedlightonnormalage-relatedchangesinmentalfunction,whichcouldaidin

understandingtheprocessofdementia（癡呆）,accordingtotheresearchers."By

followingindividualsovertime,"Salthousesaid,"wegaininsightincognitionchanges,

andmaypossiblydiscoverwaystoslowtherateofdecline."Theresearchersarc

currentlyanalyzingthestudyparticipants,healthandlifestyletoseewhichfactorsmight

influenceage-relatedcognitivechanges.

1Whatisthecommonviewofmentalfunction?

A、Itvariesfrompersontoperson.

B、Itweakensinone'slateryears.

C^Itgraduallyexpandswithage.

D^Itindicatesone'shealthcondition.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。定位句指出，心智功能逐漸哀退經(jīng)常被視作一種老年問

題。由此可見，人們普遍認(rèn)為晚年時(shí)心智功能逐漸衰退，故答案為B）。

2、Whatdoesthenewstudyfindaboutmentalfunctions?

A、Somediseasesinevitablyleadtotheirdecline.

B、Theyreachapeakattheageof20formostpeople.

C、Theyarecloselyrelatedtophysicalandmentalexercise.

D、Someofthembegin（odeclinewhenpeoplearestillyoung.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。定位句指出，一項(xiàng)新研究表明，其實(shí)某些大腦功能在成

年初期就已經(jīng)開始衰退了。該句中成年初期指的就是很年輕的時(shí)候，故答案為

D）o

3、WhatdoesTimothySalthousesayaboutpeople'smindsinmostcases?

A、Theytendtodeclineinpeople'slateryears.

B、Theirflexibilitydeterminesone'sabilities.

C、Theyfunctionquitev/elleveninoldage.

D、Theirfunctioningisstillapuzzletobesolved.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C-

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。定位句指出，根據(jù)研究者蒂莫西.薩爾特豪斯的說法，

大部分人的思維功能甚至在晚年都會(huì)處于一個(gè)較高的水平。C）中的inoldage是對

定位句中intheirlateryears的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為C）。

4、Althoughpeople'smindsmayfunctionlessflexiblyastheyage,they

A、maybebelteratsolvingpuzzles

B、canmemorizethingswithmoreease

C、mayhavegreaterfacilityinabstractreasoning

D、canputwhattheyhavelearntintomoreeffectiveuse

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。定位段指出，這些模式表明，某些隨機(jī)應(yīng)變的能力會(huì)在

成年期相對早的時(shí)候下降，但是在沒有疾病的情況下，一個(gè)人具備多少知識(shí)，以及

把這些知識(shí)和能力有效結(jié)合的能力，也許會(huì)在整個(gè)成年期隨著年齡的增長而增強(qiáng)。

D）的含義是他們能有效地應(yīng)用所學(xué)到的知識(shí)，與定位段表述一致，故答案為D）。

5、AccordingtoSalthouse,theirstudymayhelpus.

A、findwaystoslowdownourmentaldecline

B、findwaystoboostourmemories

C、understandthecomplexprocessofmentalfunctioning

D、understandtherelationbetweenphysicalandmentalhealth

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。定位段指出，通過長期追蹤個(gè)體，我們在認(rèn)知能力的變

化方面有了一定的發(fā)現(xiàn)，同時(shí)也有可能發(fā)現(xiàn)減緩這種衰退速度的方法。A）的含義

也是找到減緩心智衰退的方法，故答案為A）。

ThemostimportantthinginthenewslastweekwastherisingdiscussioninNashville

abouttheeducationalneedsofchildren.Theshorthand（簡寫）educatorsuseforthisis

"pre-K”—meaninginstructionbeforekindergarten—andthebigideaistoprepare4-year-

oldsandevenyoungerkidstobereadytosucceedontheirK-12journey.Butitgets

complicated.Theconcepthasmultipleforms,andscholarsandpolicymakersargueabout

theshape,scopeandcostoftheidealprogram.ThefederalHeadStartprogram,launched

50yearsago,hasservedmorethan30millionchildren.Itwasbasedonconcepts

developedatVanderbiltUniversity'sPeabodyCollegebySusanGray,thelegendary

pioneerinearlychildhoodeducationresearch.AnewPeabodystudyoftheTennessee

VoluntaryPre-Kprogramreportsthatpre-Kworks,butthegainsarenotsustained

throughthethirdgrade.Itseemstomethishighlightsqualityissuesinelementary

schoolsmorethanpre-K,andindicateslonger-termsuccessmustconnectpre-Kwithall

theotherissuesrelatedtoeducatingachild.Pre-Kiscontroversial.Somecriticssayitisa

luxuryandshouldn'tbefreetofamiliesabletopay.Prc-KadvocatesVsistitisproven

andwillsucceedifintegratedwiththerestofthechild'sschooling.Ileantowardthe

latterview.Thisis,inanycase,therightconversationtobehavingnowasMayorMegan

Barrytakesoffice.Shewasthefirstcandidatetospeakoutforstrongpre-K

programming.Theimportantthingisforallofustokeepinmindtherealgoalandthe

longer,biggerpicture.Theweightoftheevidenceisonthesideofpre-Kthatearly

intervention（干預(yù)）works.Whatgovernmenthasnotyetfoundisthepoliticalwilltoput

thatunderstandingintofullpracticewithasequenceofsmartschoolingthatprovidesthe

earlyfoundation.Forthispurpose,ourschoolsneedboththetalentandtheorganization

toeducateeachchildwhoarrivesattheschoolhousedoor.Someshowupready,but

manydonotatthiscriticaltimewhenyoungbrainsaredevelopingrapidly.

6、Whatdocstheauthorsayaboutpre-kindergarteneducation?

A、Itshouldcatertotheneedsofindividualchildren.

B、Itisessentialtoaperson'sfutureacademicsuccess.

C>Scholarsandpolicymakershavedifferentopinionsaboutit.

D、Parentsregarditasthefirstphaseofchildren'sdevelopment.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。定位句指出，這種概念，即首段中提到的“pre-K”，有

眾多的形式，并且學(xué)者和政策制定者在形式、范圍以及理想項(xiàng)目的成本方面產(chǎn)生了

分歧。該表述與C）“學(xué)者和政策制定者對pre-K階段的教育持有不同的觀點(diǎn)”意思一

致，故答案為C）。

7、WhatdoesthenewPeabodystudyfind?

A^Pre-Kachievementsusuallydonotlastlong.

B、The由irdgrademarksanewphaseoflearning.

C、Thethirdgradeiscriticaltochildren'sdevelopment.

D^Qualityhasnotbeenthetopconcernofpre-Kprograms.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。由定位句可知，一項(xiàng)新的關(guān)于田納西的自愿Pre-K計(jì)劃

的皮博迪研究指出，pre-K階段的教育是有用的，但是其效果并不能維持到三年

級。言外之意就是pre-K階段的教育成效并不能持續(xù)很久，故答案為A）。

8、Whendoestheauthorthinkpre-Kworksthebest?

A、Whenitisaccessibletokidsofallfamilies.

B、Whenitismadepartofkids'education.

C^Whenitisnolongerconsideredaluxury.

D、Whenitismadetunandenjoyabletokids.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。由定位句可知，作者認(rèn)為更加長遠(yuǎn)的成功必須把pre-K

階段的教育和其他的所有教育問題結(jié)合在一起。也就是說，要想取得最佳效果，必

須讓pre-K階段的教育成為整個(gè)教育體系的一部分，故答案為B）。

9、WhatdowelearnaboutMayorMeganBarry?

A、Sheknowstherealgoalofeducation.

B、Sheisamayorofinsightandvision.

C、Shehasoncerunapre-Kprogram.

D、Sheisafirmsupporterofpre-K.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。定位段明確指出，梅甘.巴里市長是第一個(gè)支持pre-K

階段教育計(jì)劃的人，故答案為D）。

10、Whatdoestheauthorthinkiscriticaltokids'education?

A、Teachingmethod.

B、Kids*interest.

C^Earlyintervention.

D、Parents'involvement.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。定位句指出，這份證明的重要性在于站在pre-K階段教

育的立場上，早期干預(yù)是奏效的。題干詢問作者認(rèn)為兒童教育的關(guān)鍵是什么。通讀

全文可知，作者是支持pre-K階段教育的，并指出更加長遠(yuǎn)的成功必須把pre-K階

段的教育和其他的所有教育問題結(jié)合在一起，而pre-K階段教育就是這種早期干

預(yù)，故答案為C）。

YourPasswordorYourPrivacyA）MatthewBreuerhassharedthepasswordstohis

computer,c-mailandsocialmediaaccountswitheverygirlfriendhe'severhad.It'sa

matterofconvenience—shecancheckhise-mailwhenhecan'taccessitorgetintohis

phonetochangethesongplayingonthespeakers.Butit'salsosymbolic.B）"Ifeellike

it'ssomucheasiertoliveinarelationshipwhereyouknowyouhavenothingtohideand

areentirelyhonestaboutwhoyouareandwhatyou'redoing,"hesays."Timesinmylife

whenI'verealizedthatsomethingwasn'tworkinginmyrelationshipcoincidedwith

(與...同時(shí)發(fā)生)timeswhenIwouldbeworried,'Oh,doIreallywanttosaythison

Facebooktosomebodyelse?*It'ssucharedflagifthere'ssomethingyou'reconcerned

aboutyourpartnerseeing.Thatmeansthere'ssomefundamentalissuewithyour

relationshipbeyondprivacy."BreuerhasmostAmericancouplesonhisside.According

toarecentPewstudy,67%ofInternetusersinmarriagesorrelationshipshaveshared

passwordstooneormoreoftheiraccountswiththeirpartner.C)Thoughwedon'tfeel

comfortableexchangingpasswordswithperhapsmoretrustworthyfamilymembersand

long-termfriends,wedofeelcomfortableexchangingaccesstoourpersonalinformation

withboyfriendsandgirlfriends.It'sanexerciseintrust,thelogicgoes.Ifyouhave

nothingtohide,whywouldyouwanttohideyourpassword?And,asBreuerpointsout,

knowingsomeonemaylookoveryourshouldercankeepyouhonest.D)ForJasmine

Tobie,seeingsomeonecke'stransgressions(越軌)viac-mailhassavedherfromatoxic

relationship.Afterfindingsomereceiptsthatprovedherboyfriendwaslyingtoherabout

beingonabusinesstriponeweekend,shedecidedtolookathise-mailtobesurebefore

shepulledtheplugontherelationship."OnceIfoundthatIjusthadtohavemore

evidence.1'Shedidn'tknowhispassword,butwasabletoguesscorrectlyusingclueson

hisdesktop."Hewasstill'communicating'withhisexes.Hehadtakenatriptovisitanex

andtoldmeitwasaworktrip.Hewasstillsignedupwithdatingsitesandother'hookup'

sitesandactivelycommunicatingwiththosepeople...Ifoundsomepicturesofhimand

peoplehesworewere'friends'intheact."Thetwohaddatedforayearandlivedtogether

foraboutninemonths."1wastryingtofindsomewaytogivehimthebenefitofthe

doubt.Intheend,itdidclarifyformethathewasnotitfbrmeatallandthattherewere

issuesIcouldn'tfix."Tobieaddsthatthosewereextraordinarycircumstances,andshe

wouldn'treadsomeoneelse'se-mailsagain.Shedoesn'tsharepasswordswithhercurrent

boyfriend.E)Inmostcircumstances,psychologistssuggestkeepingpasswordsprivate.

"Inrelationships,wedependoneachotherforalotofthings,butit'sgoodandhealthyto

havesomeindependencetoo,"saysKellyCampbell,PhDofPsychology."Themoreyou

self-disclosc,thehappieryouarc.Butthehappiestcoupleshavesomedegreeofsccrccy

andprivacy."Unsurprisingly,sharingpasswordscancausesomeseriousproblemsduring

arelationshiporafteritends.F)RosalindWiseman,authorofQueenBeesand

Wannabes,advisestheteensshetalkstofbrherresearchnottosharepasswordsbecause

"therelationshipscanchangesoquickly,andtheemotionsbehindthebreakupscanbeso

strong."Shesaysthatonehighschoolersheworkedwithwasblind-sidedwhenhisex-

girlfriendfoundhisphone."Sheknewwherehechargedhisphoneduringclassandknew

hispassword,soshewentinandsentallsortsoftextstofriends,toanothergirlhewas

talkingto-itreallycreatedalotofproblemsforhim."G)Thoughonemightassumethat

teensand20-somethingsaretheonesfoolishlysharingpasswords—andsufferingfrom

theresultingdrama-thesurveyfoundthatthepracticeofpassword-sharingispretty

equalacrossagegroups,andthat18-29-year-oldswereactuallytheleastlikelytoshare

passwords.64%of18-29-year-oldssharepasswords,comparedwith70%of30-49-year-

olds,66%of50-64-year-olds.and69%ofthoseover65.H)Andyoudon'thavetobea

teenagertohavepasswordproblemswithyoursignificantother.Suzy,a46-year-old

mother,gotintoadangeroussituationyearsagowhenherthen-boyfriendstartedreading

here-mails.Shehadn'tgivenhimherpassword,butonedaysheforgottologoutandhe

checkedhere-mail.Thecouplehadbeenon-again-off-again,andshehadn'ttoldhimthat

shehadcreatedanonlinedatingprofilewhiletheywereapart.Shehadsincedeletedthe

profileanddeletedmostofthee-mailexchangeswiththemenshemetthroughthesite.

"Buthewentthroughallmye-mails,includingonesthatIhadthrownaway.Hewent

intoeveryfolder.Hegotreallymadandbasicallyattackedme,"shesays."1endedup

havingtocallanambulance."I）Since,shesaysshe'sneverevenconsideredsharing

passwordswithasignificantother."Inowhavethisparanoia（偏執(zhí)）whereIwouldn't

evenshareitevenifItrustedsomeone.Youneverknowwhat'sgoingtoupsetsomeone,"

shesays,"Idon'tknowifthatmakesmelesstrustingorjustwiser."J）Still,optimistslike

Breuerareundeterred（未受阻的）bysuchhorrorstories.Breuersayshehasalways

developedfriendshipswiththegirlshehasdatedbeforedating,andthereforefeltthey

couldbehonestwithoneanother."Ithinksharingpasswordshonestlyendsupaffording

youtheprivacyyouwant,"Breuersays,pointingtoapasswordetiquettethathas

developedbetweenhimandhispartnersinrecentyears."Justbecauseyoutellsomebody

yourpasswordtothingsdoesn'tmeantheyactuallyenduplookingthroughyourstuff."

Breuersayshe'sneverchangedhispasswordafterabreakupsincehe'salwaystrustedand

respectedthosehehasdated.K）Campbellsaysthebestwaytodetermineifyou'reready

tosharepasswordswithyoursignificantotheristocheckandseeifyou'reonthesame

page."Ifyouhaveanyquestioninyourmind,theanswerisno,"saysCampbell."Iwould

saythatitshouldbereciprocal.Youshouldn'tbesharingsomethingifyourpartneralso

didn'tshareit...Peoplearehappiestwhentheyhaveamatch.Youandyourpartner

shouldbeamatchinthatrespecttoo."

11Peoplefeelateasesharingpasswordswiththeirpartner,butnotwiththeirfamily

members.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：同義轉(zhuǎn)述題°由題干中的familymembers定位至C）段第一句。定位

句提到，盡管我們不太習(xí)慣與可能更值得信賴的家人或老朋友交換密碼，但卻喜歡

與男/女朋友交換個(gè)人比較隱私的信息。題干中的atease與原文中的comfortable是

同義轉(zhuǎn)述，題干中的passwords與原文中的accesstoourpersonalinformation是同義

轉(zhuǎn)述，因此答案是C）。

12、Althoughcouplesarehappierwhentheysharemore,thehappiestcouplesdon't

shareeverything.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。由題干中的thehappiestcouples定位至E）段倒數(shù)第二、

三句。定位句指出，伴侶們越敞開心扉越快樂，但是最幸福的伴侶都有一定的秘密

和隱私。由此推斷，最幸福的伴侶并不是事事分享，因此答案是E）。

13、JasmineTobieendedanunhealthyrelationshipaftershefoundevidenceofher

boyfriend'scheating.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。由題干中的JasmineTobie定位至D）段第一句。定位段

主要內(nèi)容是杰絲敏.托比通過查看男友的電子郵件發(fā)現(xiàn)男友對她不忠，從而分手。

由此可見，杰絲敏.托比結(jié)束了一段不健康的戀愛關(guān)系。題干中的endedan

unhealthyrelationship是對定位句M4savedherfromatoxicrelationship的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，

題干是對本段的歸納總結(jié)，因此答案是D）o

14、Amiddle-agedmotherwaseverbeatenbyherthen-boyfriendyearsagoafterheread

here-mails.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。由題干中的mother和then-boyfriend定位至H）段第二

句。定位段的主要內(nèi)容是蘇茜當(dāng)時(shí)的男友偶然看到了她在分手期間與其他男性的電

子郵件，結(jié)果暴打了蘇茜。蘇茜是一位46歲的母親，符合題干中Amiddle-aged

mother的描述，因此答案是H）。

15、Teenagersareadvisedtokeeptheirpasswordsprivatebecausetherelationshipsare

unstableandtheymaynothaveagoodcunliolovertliciicinolionsafterbreakups.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F'

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。由題干中的Teenagers、emotions和breakups定位至F）

段第一句。定位句提到羅斯琳?懷斯曼建議青少年不要與伴侶分享密碼，因?yàn)椤皯賽?/p>

關(guān)系變化很快，分手后的感情波動(dòng)會(huì)非常大題干中的keeptheirpasswords

private與定位句中的nottosharepasswords是同義轉(zhuǎn)述；題干中的therelationships

areunstable與定位句中的therelationshipscanchangesoquickly意思一致：題干中

的nothaveagoodcontrolovertheiremotionsafterbreakups與定位句中的the

emotionsbehindthebreakupscanbesostrong是同義轉(zhuǎn)述。因此，答案是F）。

16、MostAmericancouplesthinkthatifthereissomethingtheydon'twanttheirpartner

toseeontheirsocialmedia,theirrelationshipprobablyisn'tworking.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。由題干中的MostAmericancouplesrelationship和isn't

working定位至B）段第二句和倒數(shù)第二句。定位段第二句提到，布魯爾說每當(dāng)他覺

得“我真的想在臉書上對其他人說這些嗎?”他的戀愛關(guān)系就會(huì)有問題。臉書屬于社

交媒體，而倒數(shù)第二句提到，美國大多數(shù)的伴侶與布魯爾一樣，由此歸納出答案是

B）o

17、Campbellholdsthatbeforeyouaredeterminedtoshareyourpasswords,you'd

bettermakesurethatyourpartnerisreadytoo.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：K

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。由題干中的Campbell、determined>share和passwords

定位至K）段第一句。定位句提到，坎貝爾說決定是否與伴侶分享密碼的最好辦法

是看看你們是否能夠達(dá)成一致。題干中的yourpartnerisreadytoo與定位句中的

you'reonthesamepage是同義轉(zhuǎn)述，因此答案是K）。

18、Accordingtoasurvey,30-49-year-oldsaremostlikelytosharepasswords.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。由題干中的30-49-ycar-olds定位至G）段最后一句。由

定位句可知，30到49歲的人群中有70%的人會(huì)分享密碼，這個(gè)比例大于其他年齡

階段的人群，因此30歲到49歲的人最有可能分享密碼，所以答案是G）。

19、Breuershareshispasswordswithhisgirlfriendpartlyforconvenience'ssake.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：同義轉(zhuǎn)述題。由題干中的Breuer和convenience定位至A）段。定位段

前兩句提到布魯爾與女友分享密碼是為了方便起見，第三句接著說但也有象征意

義，說明方便只是分享密碼的部分原因，因此答案是A）。

20、Someoptimistsbelievethatsharingpasswordscaneventuallygivethemtheprivacy

theywant.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：J

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。由題干中的optimists和theprivacy定位至J）段前三

句。定位段笫三句表明樂觀者布魯爾的觀點(diǎn)：“我認(rèn)為真誠地分享自己的密碼最終

會(huì)得到你想要的隱私?！鳖}干中的eventuallygive與定位句中的endsupaffording是

同義轉(zhuǎn)述。第三句中的I就是Breuer,而第一句提到oplimistslikeBreuer,由此可

推斷答案是J）。

ThoughIdaBauerwasonly18yearsold,shehadcometoSigmundFreudsufferingfrom

coughingandspccchlcssncss.She'dbecomedepressed,evenhintingatsuicide.During

onesession,ashetriedtohelpheruncoverthesourceofhersickness,Freudobserved

Bauertoyingwithasmallhandbag.Interpretingtheactasanexpressionofrepressed

desire,Freudconcluded,"Nomortalcankeepasecret.Ifhislipsaresilent,hechatters

withhisfinger-tips;betrayaloozesouiofhimateverypore."Sometimesahandbagis

justahandbag,butmodernresearchdoessupporttheideathatsecrecycanbeasourceof

mentalandphysicaldistress.Keepingasecretrequiresconstanteffort.Inonerecent

study,subjectsaskedtoconcealtheirsexualorientationperformedworseonaspatial

abilitytask,reactedmorerudelytocriticism,andgaveupsoonerinatestofhandgrip

endurance.Andthebiggerthesecret,theharderitistokeep.Anotherstudyfoundthat

subjectsaskedtorecallameaningfulsecretperceivedhillstobesteeperanddistancesto

belongerthanthoseaskedtorecallatrivialsecret.Whenresearchersrequestedhelp

movingbooksfromtheirlab,thesubjectsharboringmeaningfulsecretsliftedfewer

stacks.Allofthatmentalexertionmightactuallywearabodydown:researchshowsan

associationbetweenkeepinganemotionallychargedsecretandailmentsrangingfromthe

commoncoldtochronicdiseases.Otherevidenceinfavorofdisclosureincludesmultiple

studiesshowingthatwritingaboutatraumatic（令人痛苦的）experiencecanboostthe

immunesystem,andthefindingthatteenswhoconfideinaparentorclosefriendreport

fewerphysicalcomplaintsandlessdelinquentbehavior,loneliness,anddepressionthan

thosewhositontheirsecrets.Onereasonsecretkeepingissuchhardworkisthatsecrets,

likeunwantedthoughts,tendtotakeupmorebrainspacethemoreonetriesnottothink

aboutthem.Butnoteveryoneisequallypronetothisself-defeatingcycle.Researchers

haveidentifiedasmallclassof"repressors/*whoexperiencefewerintrusive（妨礙的）

thoughtsaboutsensitiveinformationtheyaresuppressing:theymaykeeptheirsecretsso

tightlywrappedthattheymanagetohidethemevenfromthemselves.

21、What'sthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?

A、TotellthestoryofIdaBauer.

B、ToshowushowFreudtreatedoneofhispatients.

C、Tointroducethetopicofsecrct-kccping.

D、Toshowtheimportanceofobservationintreatment.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：主旨大意題。定位段大意是：在治療依達(dá).鮑爾的過程中，弗洛伊德

觀察到她玩自己的小手提包，從而推斷出她有被壓抑的欲望。由此，弗洛伊德得出

“沒有哪個(gè)凡人可以保守秘密''的結(jié)論。結(jié)合全文可知，第一段是為了引出本文的話

題—保守秘密，因此C)“為了引入保守秘密的話題”為正確答案。

22、WhatdoesFreudmeanbysaying"betrayaloozesoutofhimateverypore"?

A、Aperson'sbodymovementscanindicatethatheiskeepingsecrets.

B>Ifapersonisatraitor,youcansecitfromtheskinofhim.

C、Ilisimportanttoobservethepatientcarefullywhenheistreated.

D^Itisimpossibletohideimportantinformationfromothers.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推理判斷題。定位句中弗洛伊德指出，沒有哪個(gè)凡人可以保守秘密。

即使他緊閉著雙唇，秘密也會(huì)從他的指尖流露出來；每個(gè)毛孔都會(huì)背叛他。由此可

知，弗洛伊德這句話的含義是人的肢體語言會(huì)泄露人們隱藏的信息。因此，A)“一

個(gè)人的肢體動(dòng)作能夠暗示他在保守秘密''為答案。

23,WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?

A、Keepingsecretscanonlycausementaldiscomfort.

B、Itismoredifficulttokeepabigsecretthanasmallone.

C>Peoplewhohavemeaningfulsecretscarryasmanybooksasthosewhodon't.

D、Secret-keepingdoesn'tneedconstanteffort.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析