必修第二冊UNIT6THEADMIRABLE(二)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(★)Bornin1940inNyeri，Kenya，WangariMaathaispentherchildhoodintheKenyancountrysideandheryoungadultlifeintheUnitedStates.ShestudiedbiologyatMountSt.ScholasticaCollegeinKansas，andthenobtainedamaster’sdegreefromtheUniversityofPittsburgh.AfterreturningtoKenyaandpursuingherPhDattheUniversityofNairobi，WangaribecamethefirstwomaninEastAfricatoreceiveadoctor’sdegree.Inthe1970s，WangariwasanactivememberoftheNationalCouncilofWomenofKenya.Womencametothecouncilinparttosearchforsolutionstotheenvironmentalproblems—deforestationanddesertificationhadcausedmanyoftheresourceswomenreliedonforfoodandcleanwatertodecrease.Fuelledbyherknowledgeofbiologyandherpassionforhelpingothers，Wangaridecidedtotakeaction.Wangarihadtwogoalsinmind：tohelprestoreenvironmentalresourcesandgivewomentheabilitytosupporttheirfamiliesinaself-sufficient，sustainableway.Toachievehergoals，shecameupwithapracticalbutimpactfulidea：toplanttrees.Thetreeswouldreducetheeffectsofdeforestation，inadditiontoprovidingfoodandfirewoodforlocalfamilies.Wangari’splaninspiredtheformationoftheGreenBeltMovementin1977，anorganisationdedicatedtoenvironmentalconservationandpovertyreductioninKenya.AstheGreenBeltMovementgrew，Wangaribegantofocusonseveraldifferentbutinterconnectedcauses：environmentalconservationandhumanrights.Inthelate1980s，shecalledonhercommunitytoopposetheconstructionofaskyscraper(摩天大樓)inUhuruPark，Nairobi’scentralpublicspace.In1999，sheledaprotestagainsttheprivatisationofKaruraForestinNairobi，duringwhichGreenBeltMovementmemberswerebeatenbyprivateguards.Despitefacingongoingoppositionandevendanger，Wangari’sbeliefinherworkwasnevershaken.Wangariservedontheboardsofcountlessenvironmentalorganisations，andspoketomembersoftheUnitedNations.Duetohertirelesswork，WangarireceivedtheNobelPeacePrizein2004.1．WhatdoweknowaboutWangariMaathai?A．ShehadahardchildhoodinKenya. B．Sheacquiredanexcellenteducation.C．Shewasthefirstwomantogetadegree. D．ShecamebacktoKenyaduetoherjob.2．WhatcontributedtothefoundationoftheGreenBeltMovement?A．Wangari’sfamily’ssupport. B．Wangari’sachievementsinbiology.C．Wangari’stree-plantingidea. D．Wangari’sdesiretofightworldpoverty.3．Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A．Wangari’seffortstoexpandherinfluence.B．Wangari’swaystofightforhumanrights.C．Wangari’sstrategiestoestablishareputation.D．Wangari’splanstohandlegrowingopposition.4．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWangariMaathai?A．Honestandhard-working. B．Patientandunselfish.C．Considerateandgenerous. D．Determinedandinspiring.B(★)I’vebeenworkingsteadilyforhoursnow，butfeelasifIhaven’tevenstarted.Myattentionisbeingpulledfrommyassignedtask—writingthisstory—byamyriadofwhatIbelievearenecessaryworkinterruptions.Unfortunately，alltoomanyofusarehavingsuch“squirrel”days，accordingtoDr.GloriaMark，aprofessorofinformaticsattheUniversityofCalifornia，Irvine，whostudieshowdigitalmediaimpactsourlives.Markexplainedhowdecadesofresearchhastrackedthedeclineoftheabilitytofocus.“In2004，wemeasuredtheaverageattentiononascreentobe2minutes，”Marksaid.“Someyearslater，wefoundattentionspanstobeabout75seconds.Nowwefindpeoplecanonlypayattentiontoonescreenforanaverageof47seconds.”Notonlydopeopleconcentrateforlessthanaminuteonanyonescreen，Marksaid，butwhenattentionisdivertedfromanactiveworkproject，italsotakesabout25minutestorefocusonthattask.Howcanthatbe？“Ifwelookatworkintermsofswitchingprojects，asopposedtothemicroviewofswitchingscreens，wefindpeoplespendabout10minutesinanyworkprojectbeforebeinginterruptedandthenswitchtoanotherworkproject，”Marksaid.Yes，butthenwereturntotheoriginalwork，right？Wrong，Marksaid.Instead，whenweareinterruptedonprojecttwo，weswitchyetagaintoadifferenttask—callitprojectthree.Unbelievably，herresearchhasshownwearealsointerruptedonprojectthree，andmoveontoprojectfour.“Andthenyougobackandpickuptheoriginalinterruptedproject，”Markexplained.“Butit’snotlikeyou’reinterruptedandyoudonothing.Forover25minutes，you’reactuallyworkingonotherthings.”“However，there’salsoaswitchcost，”Markadded.“Aswitchcostisthetimeittakesyoutogobacktoyourwork：‘WherewasI？WhatwasIthinkingof？’Thatadditionaleffortcanalsoleadtoerrorsandstress.”5．Whatwillhappenifyouarehaving“squirrel”days?A．Youwillbeinabadmood.B．Youwillbewritingastoryaboutsquirrels.C．Youwillbeaddictedtodigitalmedia.D．Youwillbeconstantlydistractedfromyourtask.6．Whichaspectof“attention”doesMark’sresearchfocuson?A．Itstype.B．Itslastingtime.C．Itsfunction.D．Itsdevelopment.7．Whyisitdifficultformanyofustorefocusontheoriginaltask?A．Weconcentratelessandlessonthescreen.B．Switchingscreensaffectsworkingefficiency.C．Weareinterruptedbysomeotherworkprojects.D．Moreimportantprojectsremaintobecompleted.8.WhatisMark’sattitudetowardattentionswitch?A．Sheconsidersitagoodthing. B．Shethinksithassomebadeffects.C．Sheconsidersittime-saving. D．Shethinksitwillcostpeopledearly.Ⅱ.完形填空AnuarAbdullahisa61-year-olddivinginstructorinMalaysia.Whenheisn’t1he’sbackoutinthewater2，studying，andrestoringcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)．Now，asclimatechangebecomesan3threat，governments，corporations，andothersarecomingtohimfor4.Abdullahhasnodegreeinmarinebiologyor5training—justanamountofexperience.Injustthepastdecade，thousandshave6tohimtolearnhowtogrowcorals，andhenowhasaround700volunteers7andhasalreadyrestoredhundredsofacresofcoralreefs.In2017，Thailand’sgovernmentaskedAbdullahto8therecoveryofoneofitsmostfamoustouristattractions，MayaBay，becauseithad9halfitscoralpopulation.10werekeptoutofthesiteforthreeyearswhileAbdullahledateamof120peoplein11newcorals.In2021，afterTyphoonRai，theislandofCebuinthePhilippinesaskedAbdullahtosavewhatwas12oftheshoreline’scoralreefs.Andearlierthisyear，Abdullahlaunchedanewefforttobuildtheworld’slargestcoralnurseryintheRedSea.Therewasa13onthenurseryattheU．N.ClimateChangeSummit(峰會)，COP27，butAbdullahdidnotattend.He14conferences，hesays.Andhehad15todo.1．A.teachingB．divingC．learningD．reporting2．A.pickingB．judgingC．describingD．observing3．A.earlyB．a(chǎn)rtificialC．a(chǎn)pparentD．uncertain4．A.helpB．moneyC．powerD．honor5．A.temporaryB．formalC．naturalD．complex6．A.devotedB．ledC．backedD．traveled7．A.atonceB．a(chǎn)tfirstC．indemandD．inaction8．A.initiateB．evaluateC．highlightD．justify9．A.regainedB．lostC．increasedD．removed10．A.VisitorsB．ResearchersC．VolunteersD．Officials11．A.guardingB．decoratingC．plantingD．maintaining12．A.hiddenB．leftC．preservedD．ruined13．A.contestB．presentationC．courseD．topic14．A.witnessesB．recordsC．schedulesD．hates15．A.interviewsB．tripsC．workD．tradeⅢ.語法填空(2024·廣東汕尾模擬)Theapproachingofanewyearisalways1.(excite)．TheLittleNewYear,2.___________isalsocalledtheMinorNewYear’sDay，usuallyfallsroughlyaweekbeforetheLunarNewYear.In2023，itfell3.Jan.14thand15th.TheChineseLittleNewYearisnotafixedfestivalasitvarieswithlocal4.(custom)．WorshipingZaowangyeis5.mo