蘇州市人民醫(yī)院血管外科外語應用能力考核一、選擇題（每題2分，共20題）1.Whichofthefollowingtermsbestdescribestheconditionofbloodvesselnarrowingduetoatherosclerosis?A.AneurysmB.ThrombosisC.StenosisD.Endothelialdysfunction2.Inthetreatmentoflowerlimbchronicvenousinsufficiency,whichmedicationiscommonlyusedtoimprovevenoustone?A.HeparinB.TinzaparinC.EnoxaparinD.Diosmin3.Whatisthemedicaltermforthesurgicalrepairofanabdominalaorticaneurysmusingasyntheticgraft?A.Endovascularaneurysmrepair(EVAR)B.OpenaorticaneurysmrepairC.AneurysmectomyD.Aortocavalfistularepair4.Whichimagingmodalityismostcommonlyusedforinitialevaluationofperipheralarterydisease?A.MRIB.CTangiography(CTA)C.UltrasoundD.PETscan5.Whatdoestheabbreviation"PAD"standforinvascularsurgery?A.PeripheralarterydiseaseB.PulsedarterialdiseaseC.ProgressiveatherosclerosisdiseaseD.Pseudo-aneurysmdisease6.Whichofthefollowingisakeyriskfactorforthedevelopmentofdeepveinthrombosis(DVT)?A.HypertensionB.ObesityC.SmokingD.Alloftheabove7.Whatisthetermforthesurgicalremovalofabloodclotfromavessel?A.ThrombectomyB.AngioplastyC.StentplacementD.Atherectomy8.Whichsurgicaltechniqueinvolvesplacingastentinsideanarrowedbloodvesseltoimprovebloodflow?A.EndarterectomyB.EndovascularstentgraftingC.BypasssurgeryD.Atherectomy9.Whatisthemedicaltermfortheswellingofaveincausedbybloodbackingup?A.VaricoseveinsB.ArterialinsufficiencyC.PhlebitisD.Aneurysm10.Whichofthefollowingmedicationsisusedtopreventbloodclotsinpatientswithatrialfibrillation?A.WarfarinB.AspirinC.ClopidogrelD.Rivaroxaban二、填空題（每題2分，共10題）1.Thesurgicalproceduretorepairadamagedbloodvesselusingasyntheticorautologousgraftiscalled________.2.Theconditioninwhichabloodvesselwallweakensandbulgesisknownasa(n)________.3.Theprocessofwideninganarrowedarteryusingaballooncatheteriscalled________.4.Abloodclotthatformsinadeepveinisreferredtoasa(n)________.5.Thetermforthesurgicalconnectionofahealthyarterytoablockedoneis________.6.Themedicalconditioncharacterizedbyreducedbloodflowtothelimbsiscalled________.7.Theprocessofremovingplaquefromanarteryiscalled________.8.Theuseofacathetertoinjectmedicationdirectlyintoabloodvesselistermed________.9.Thesurgicalrepairofarupturedaneurysmisknownas________.10.Thetermfortheinflammationofaveinis________.三、簡答題（每題5分，共5題）1.Describethekeydifferencesbetweenopensurgicalrepairandendovascularrepairofanabdominalaorticaneurysm.2.Explaintheroleofstatinsinthemanagementofperipheralarterydisease.3.Whatarethecommonclinicalsignsandsymptomsofdeepveinthrombosis?4.Discusstheimportanceofcompressiontherapyinthetreatmentofchronicvenousinsufficiency.5.Howdoessmokingcontributetothedevelopmentofvasculardiseases?四、翻譯題（每題10分，共2題）1.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese:"Endovascularaneurysmrepair(EVAR)isaminimallyinvasiveprocedurethatinvolvesplacingastentgraftinsidetheaortatoreinforcetheweakenedareaandpreventrupture.Thistechniqueisoftenpreferredinpatientswithasmalleraneurysmorthoseathighersurgicalrisk."2.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish:"Thediagnosisofperipheralarterydiseasetypicallyinvolvesacombinationofclinicalevaluation,ankle-brachialindex(ABI)measurement,andimagingstudiessuchasDopplerultrasoundorCTangiography.Earlydetectionandmanagementarecrucialtopreventcomplicationslikecriticallimbischemia."答案與解析一、選擇題答案與解析1.C.Stenosis-解析：Stenosis指血管狹窄，與題干描述的動脈粥樣硬化導致的血管狹窄一致。2.D.Diosmin-解析：Diosmin是一種黃酮類化合物，常用于治療慢性靜脈功能不全，改善靜脈張力。3.B.Openaorticaneurysmrepair-解析：開放手術修復腹主動脈瘤是傳統(tǒng)術式，而EVAR為微創(chuàng)介入治療。4.C.Ultrasound-解析：超聲是PAD的初篩手段，經(jīng)濟便捷，適用于基層醫(yī)院。5.A.Peripheralarterydisease-解析：PAD是外周動脈疾病的英文縮寫，是血管外科常見疾病。6.D.Alloftheabove-解析：高血壓、肥胖、吸煙均為DVT的危險因素。7.A.Thrombectomy-解析：血栓切除術是直接清除血管內(nèi)血塊的外科手術。8.B.Endovascularstentgrafting-解析：該技術通過支架植入擴張狹窄血管，是血管外科常用術式。9.A.Varicoseveins-解析：靜脈曲張是靜脈腫脹的常見表現(xiàn)，與靜脈回流障礙有關。10.A.Warfarin-解析：華法林是維生素K拮抗劑，用于預防房顫患者血栓形成。二、填空題答案與解析1.Aneurysmrepair-解析：血管修復手術通常使用人造或自體材料重建血管。2.Aneurysm-解析：動脈瘤是血管壁薄弱導致的局部膨出。3.Angioplasty-解析：球囊擴張術是經(jīng)皮介入治療狹窄血管的常用方法。4.Deepveinthrombosis(DVT)-解析：深靜脈血栓是下肢靜脈系統(tǒng)常見的血栓性疾病。5.Bypasssurgery-解析：旁路手術是將血流繞過阻塞段，恢復遠端血供。6.Peripheralarterydisease(PAD)-解析：PAD是外周動脈供血不足的疾病，可導致肢體缺血。7.Atherectomy-解析：旋切術是機械清除動脈粥樣硬化斑塊的手術。8.Catheterization-解析：導管介入技術可用于藥物灌注或血管造影。9.Aneurysmrepair-解析：動脈瘤破裂需緊急手術修復，防止腦出血等并發(fā)癥。10.Phlebitis-解析：靜脈炎是靜脈炎癥，可伴疼痛和腫脹。三、簡答題答案與解析1.開放手術與介入修復的差別-開放手術需較大切口，創(chuàng)傷較大，但適應癥廣；介入修復微創(chuàng)，恢復快，但技術要求高，適用于特定患者。2.他汀類藥物的作用-他汀可降低膽固醇，穩(wěn)定斑塊，改善內(nèi)皮功能，是PAD的一線藥物治療。3.DVT的臨床表現(xiàn)-單側(cè)下肢腫脹、疼痛、皮溫升高、淺靜脈擴張，嚴重時可導致肺栓塞。4.壓迫治療的重要性-通過彈力襪或壓力治療，可促