中考英語常見動詞短語詞義辨附答案一、選擇題1．Danielisthemostmodestboyinourclass,becausehenever________inpublic.A．getsoff B．takesoff C．showsoff D．turnsoff2．—________atthesethreeyearsinjuniorhigh,whichteacherwillyoumissmost?—Mr.Zhang.Hisclassesarealwaysinterestingandlively.A．Lookingback B．Lookingaround C．Lookingup D．Lookingfor3．Asurveyaboutwhyteenagerslikebilibilisomuchwas________herelastweek.A．takenout B．carriedout C．turnedout D．workedout4．—I’msorryto________onyou,butthereissomethingIdon’tunderstand.—Itdoesn’tmatter.A．cutdown B．cutout C．cutin D．cutoff5．Farwaterdoesnot________nearfire.A．putup B．putaway C．putout D．putin6．—InordertoimprovemyEnglish,Ihavealreadymadeadetailedplan.—Great!Ithinkallyouneedtodonextis_________.A．pickitout B．carryitout C．finditout D．pointitout7．—Itiscarelessofhimto________thebooksonthetable.Whatamess!—Maybeheisgettinguncomfortablefromstayinguptoolateeveryday.A．knockover B．knockdown C．knockoff D．knockon8．Abigfire________inafactorylastmonth.Itisimportantforustobecarefulwithfire.A．putout B．turnedout C．gotout D．brokeout9．Thisbusdoesn’tgotothetrainstation.Iamafraidyouwillhaveto________atthenextstopandtakeBRTLine1.A．getout B．getoff C．getthrough D．getdown10．—Oh,myGod!Ihave________5pounds!—Noworries.It’snormalforagrowingteenager.A．putup B．putdown C．puton D．putoff11．IknowhowbusyyoumustbeandIwouldn’twantto________toomuchofyourtime.A．putup B．takeup C．setup D．makeup12．It________thedirectorofHi,MomhasbecomeoneofChina’smostsuccessfulfemalefilmmakers.A．runsout B．breaksout C．handsout D．turnsout13．Scientistsneedto________severalsurveysbeforemakingaconclusion.A．giveup B．carryout C．hearof D．lookfor14．—WhattimedoesthefirsttraintoBeijingleave?—Waitaminute.Iamjust________thetraintimes.A．takingup B．pickingup C．makingup D．lookingup15．Whenyouaregivenadifficulttask,tryto________itandfinishit.A．joinin B．stickwith C．searchfor D．thinkof16．—Manystudentsdon’tknowhowto________stressandbecomeworried.—Ithinkthey’dbetterasktheirteachersforhelp.A．a(chǎn)rguewith B．comeupwith C．dealwith17．—Wemustactnowastimeis_________.—Yes.Let'sstart.A．comingout B．goingout C．puttingout D．runningout18．Lastweekafiremancametoourschoolandtolduswhattodoifafire________.A．breaksout B．worksout C．putsout D．runsout19．—AuntLexie,couldyoupleaseteachmehowto_________"redenvelope"onWeChat?—Certainly.Itgoeslikethis.A．giveaway B．giveup C．giveback D．giveout20．Thejob________tobeharderthantheythought.A．foundout B．turnedout C．ranout D．workedout21．—WhydidLindacometoChina?—ToexperienceChinesecultureand________themostsuitableuniversitytoattend.A．turnout B．putout C．runout D．findout22．Makesurethatyouhavepreparedeverythingwellbeforeyou________theplan.A．carryout B．breakout C．turnout D．putout23．—WhatcanIdoforyou,Linda?—Ihopeyoucanhelpme________theuselesswordsinmyarticle.A．makeup B．cutout C．turnoff D．putup24．Janeissuchaconfidentgirlthatshebelievesshecan________thehardtaskalone.A．carryout B．turnout C．pickout D．giveout25．Everytimeaseriousdisease________,cityplannerswillcomeupwithnewideastofightit.A．breaksdown B．breaksout C．breaksinto D．breaksup26．—Hello,thisisTaicangMiddleSchool.—IwanttotalktoMr.Chen.Canyou________me________?A．put…in B．put…out C．put…through D．put…up27．Allofushadagoodtimeduringthisyear’sMayDayholidaybecausewe________fivedays________.A．had...off B．took...off C．put...off D．turned...off28．Daniel,stopplayingcomputergames,please!Ithas________yourfreetimetoomuch.A．turnedup B．pickedup C．putup D．takenup29．—Ifthecustomerringsupformeagain,please________thecalltothesalesdepartment.—OK,Iwill.A．runthrough B．lookthrough C．gothrough D．putthrough30．—WhereisJack?Hismotherislookingforhim.—Oh,heis_________leafletstheretomakepeopleknowmoreaboutUNICEF.A．puttingout B．puttingin C．handingout D．handingin31．You’dbetter________allthequestionsbeforehavingthetest.A．lookafter B．lookat C．lookout D．lookthrough32．Whatapity!Theweather________toberainy.Wehadtocancelthesportsmeeting.A．ranout B．brokeout C．foundout D．turnedout33．ThereisnodoubtthattheUnitedNationswillcontinueto________buildingacommunitywithasharedfutureformankind.A．lookfor B．carefor C．hopefor D．pushfor34．—YourspokenEnglishisverygood.Howdoyouimproveit?—Thanks.Mrs.Wangalwaysasksusto________dialoguesinourEnglishclassesandpracticespeakingEnglishasoftenaspossible.A．takeup B．makeup C．putup D．mopup35．—Whoisthebestbasketballplayerinyourclass?—Daniel.Andhetakesanychanceto________hissportsskillstogirls.A．takeoff B．turnoff C．falloff D．showoff36．Asocietycannotbesuccessfulifit________tradition,butitcannotbesuccessfuleitherifwedosomethingtostopprogress.A．takesaway B．throwsaway C．getsaway D．putsaway37．Theworkers________asigntowarnpeopleofthedangerhere.A．putout B．putin C．putup D．puton38．Ifparentsdoeverythingfortheirchildren,theywon’tlearnto________themselves.A．dependon B．geton C．puton D．comeon39．MyfatheriscrazyaboutDIY.He’stryingto________acupboardinthekitchen.A．putup B．putin C．puton D．putaway40．IknowhowbusyyoumustbeandnaturallyIwouldn’twantto________toomuchofyourtime.A．putup B．takeup C．giveup D．makeup【參考答案】一、選擇題1．C解析：C【詳解】句意：丹尼爾是我們班最謙虛的男孩，因?yàn)樗麖牟辉诠矆龊响乓?。考查動詞短語辨析。getsoff下車；takesoff脫下；showsoff炫耀；turnsoff關(guān)掉。根據(jù)“Danielisthemostmodestboyinourclass”可知，此處是從不在公共場合炫耀。故選C。2．A解析：A【詳解】句意：——回顧在初中的這三年，你最思念哪個(gè)老師？——張老師，他的課總是有趣生動?？疾閯釉~短語。lookbackat回頭看；llokaround向四周看；lookup查找；lookfor尋找；根據(jù)“thesethreeyearsinjuniorhigh”可知初中結(jié)束了，所以回頭看看這三年；故選A。3．B解析：B【詳解】句意：上周在這里進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于為什么青少年如此喜歡嗶哩嗶哩的調(diào)查?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。takenout取出；carriedout執(zhí)行，實(shí)行；turnedout結(jié)果是；workedout算出。根據(jù)“Asurveyabout…”可知，是實(shí)施一項(xiàng)調(diào)查，故選B。4．C解析：C【詳解】句意：——對不起打斷你，但有件事我不明白?！獩]關(guān)系。考查動詞短語辨析。cutdown砍倒；cutout刪除；cutin插嘴，打斷；cutoff切斷。根據(jù)“butthereissomethingIdon’tunderstand”可知是插嘴、打斷，故選C。5．C解析：C【詳解】句意：遠(yuǎn)水救不了近火。考查動詞短語辨析。putup舉起；putaway放好；putout熄滅；putin提交；根據(jù)“Farwaterdoesnot...nearfire.”及結(jié)合常識可知，俗語“遠(yuǎn)水救不了近火。”此處使用putout，表示“熄滅”符合語境。故選C。6．B解析：B【詳解】句意：——為了提高我的英語水平，我已經(jīng)制定了一個(gè)詳細(xì)的計(jì)劃?！袅?！我想你接下來要做的就是將它實(shí)施?？疾閯釉~短語。pickout挑選出；carryout實(shí)施；findout查明；pointout指出。根據(jù)“Ihavealreadymadeadetailedplan.”結(jié)合常識可知，有了計(jì)劃后，下一步應(yīng)是實(shí)施計(jì)劃。故選B。7．A解析：A【詳解】句意：——他真粗心，打翻了桌子上的書。真是一團(tuán)糟！——也許他因?yàn)槊刻彀疽固矶械讲皇娣?。考查動詞短語辨析。knockover打翻；knockdown撞倒；knockoff停工，中斷；knockon敲（門、窗等）。由句中“careless”和“thebooksonthetable”可知，此句是說不小心打翻了書，故選A。8．D解析：D【詳解】句意：上個(gè)月一家工廠發(fā)生了一場大火。對我們來說小心火是很重要的?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。putout撲滅；turnedout證明是；gotout出去；brokeout爆發(fā)。根據(jù)“Abigfire...inafactorylastmonth.”可知，這里表示“火災(zāi)爆發(fā)”。故選D。9．B解析：B【詳解】句意：這輛公共汽車不開往火車站?？峙履迷谙乱徽鞠萝?，換乘快速公交1號線?？疾閯釉~短語。getout出去；getoff下車；getthrough通過；getdown下來。根據(jù)“Thisbusdoesn’tgotothetrainstation.”可知此處指下公共汽車，用getoff。故選B。10．C解析：C【詳解】句意：——哦，我的天哪！我增重了五磅！——別擔(dān)心。對于一個(gè)成長中的青少年來說這很正常?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。putup張貼；putdown放下；puton增重；putoff推遲。根據(jù)“fivepounds”及“It’snormalforagrowingteenagegirl”可知，此處指增重了五磅，故選C。11．B解析：B【詳解】句意：我知道你一定很忙，我不想占用你太多的時(shí)間?？疾閯釉~短語。putup張貼；takeup占用；setup建立；makeup編造。根據(jù)“toomuchofyourtime”可知，此處指占用時(shí)間，故選B。12．D解析：D【詳解】句意：事實(shí)證明，《你好，李煥英》的導(dǎo)演已經(jīng)成為中國最成功的女性電影人之一?？疾閯釉~短語。runsout用完；breaksout爆發(fā)；handsout分發(fā)；turnsout最后是，結(jié)果是。根據(jù)“thedirectorofHi,MomhasbecomeoneofChina’smostsuccessfulfemalefilmmakers”可知，此處講的是一個(gè)結(jié)果，D選項(xiàng)符合句意。故選D。13．B解析：B【詳解】句意：科學(xué)家在做出結(jié)論之前，需要完成數(shù)個(gè)調(diào)查?？疾閯釉~短語詞義辨析。giveup放棄；carryout實(shí)現(xiàn)，完成；hearof聽說；lookfor尋找。根據(jù)“severalsurveysbeforemakingaconclusion”可知，指科學(xué)家在做出結(jié)論之前，需要完成數(shù)個(gè)調(diào)查。故選B。14．D解析：D【詳解】句意：——-去北京的第一班火車什么時(shí)候開？——等等。讓我查一下火車時(shí)刻表。考查動詞詞組辨析。takingup占用，開始從事；pickingup撿起；makingup編造；lookingup查閱。根據(jù)“traintimes火車時(shí)刻表”可知，對方要查閱一下時(shí)刻表才能確定去北京的第一班火車什么時(shí)候開，故選D。15．B解析：B【詳解】句意：當(dāng)你接到一項(xiàng)困難的任務(wù)時(shí)，試著堅(jiān)持下去并完成它?？疾閯釉~短語。joinin參加；stickwith堅(jiān)持；searchfor尋找；thinkof想起。根據(jù)“finishit”可知，此處表示要完成它，應(yīng)是要堅(jiān)持下去，故選B。16．C解析：C【詳解】句意：——許多學(xué)生不知道如何處理壓力，變得擔(dān)心?！艺J(rèn)為他們最好向老師尋求幫助。考查動詞短語。arguewith和……爭吵；comeupwith想出；dealwith處理。根據(jù)“becomeworried”可知不會處理壓力才會擔(dān)心，用dealwith符合語境。故選C。17．D解析：D【詳解】句意：——-時(shí)間不多了，我們現(xiàn)在必須采取行動。——是的。我們開始吧?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。comingout出來，出版；goingout外出；puttingout熄滅；runningout用完，耗盡；根據(jù)“mustactnow”可知，時(shí)間緊迫，所以“現(xiàn)在必須采取行動”，“runningout”符合句意，表示時(shí)間要耗盡，故選D。18．A解析：A【詳解】句意：上周，一名消防隊(duì)員來到我們學(xué)校，告訴我們?nèi)绻l(fā)生火災(zāi)該怎么辦。考查動詞短語。breaksout爆發(fā)，突發(fā)；worksout解決；putsout撲滅；runsout用完。根據(jù)“Lastweekafiremancametoourschool”及常識可知消防員告訴我們著火了怎么辦，用breaksout表示火災(zāi)的突發(fā)。故選A。19．D解析：D【詳解】句意：——Lexie阿姨，你能教我怎么在微信上發(fā)紅包嗎？——當(dāng)然可以。是這樣的?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。giveaway捐贈；giveup放棄；giveback歸還；giveout發(fā)出，分發(fā)。根據(jù)“redenvelope紅包”可知，說話人想讓阿姨教如何用微信發(fā)紅包，“giveout”符合語境，故選D。20．B解析：B【詳解】句意：這項(xiàng)工作結(jié)果是比他們想象的要難得多?？疾閯釉~短語。foundout查明；turnedout證明是、結(jié)果是；ranout用完、耗盡；workedout解決、算出。根據(jù)“Thejob…tobeharderthantheythought.”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，可知是這項(xiàng)工作結(jié)果是比他們想象的要難，turnedout符合題意，其它選項(xiàng)均不符合語境，故選B。21．D解析：D【詳解】句意：——琳達(dá)為什么來中國？——體驗(yàn)中國文化，找到最適合自己的大學(xué)?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。turnout結(jié)果是，證明是；putout撲滅；runout用光；findout找出，查明。根據(jù)“…themostsuitableuniversitytoattend”可知，是找到最適合自己的大學(xué)。故選D。22．A解析：A【詳解】句意：在執(zhí)行計(jì)劃之前，一定要把一切都準(zhǔn)備好?？疾閯釉~短語。carryout執(zhí)行，實(shí)施；breakout爆發(fā)；turnout結(jié)果是；putout撲滅。根據(jù)空后“theplan”可知是要執(zhí)行計(jì)劃，其他選項(xiàng)不能使句子通順。故選A。23．B解析：B【詳解】句意：——琳達(dá)，有什么事嗎？——我希望你能幫我刪掉文章中無用的詞?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。makeup彌補(bǔ)；cutout刪掉；turnoff關(guān)閉；putup張貼。根據(jù)“theuselesswords”可知，此處表達(dá)刪掉沒用的詞。故選B。24．A解析：A【詳解】句意：簡是一個(gè)如此自信的女孩，以至于她相信她能獨(dú)自完成這項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)?？疾閯釉~短語。carryout執(zhí)行，完成；turnout證明是；pickout挑選出；giveout分發(fā)；根據(jù)“Janeissuchaconfidentgirl...thehardtaskalone.”可知，此處說的是可以完成這項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)，故選A。25．B解析：B【詳解】句意：每當(dāng)一種嚴(yán)重的疾病爆發(fā)，城市規(guī)劃者就會想出新的辦法來對付它?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。breaksdown發(fā)生故障；breaksout爆發(fā)；breaksinto闖入；breaksup分裂。根據(jù)disease和下文“cityplannerswillcomeupwithnewideastofightit”，可知是爆發(fā)疾病，故選B。26．C解析：C【詳解】句意：——你好，這里是太倉中學(xué)?！蚁牒完愊壬?wù)?。你能幫我接通嗎？考查動詞短語。put…in把……放進(jìn)……；put…out熄滅；put…through接通；put…up張貼。根據(jù)上文“IwanttotalktoMr.Chen”，結(jié)合對方的話“Hello,thisisTaicangMiddleSchool”，可知此處是請求對方“接通電話”；putsb.through接通某人的電話，故選C。27．A解析：A【詳解】句意：今年的五一假期我們都玩得很開心，因?yàn)槲覀冃菁傥逄臁？疾閯釉~短語辨析。had...off放假；took...off脫下；put...off推遲；turned...off關(guān)掉。根據(jù)“Allofushadagoodtimeduringthisyear’sMayDayholiday”可知，五一假期我們開心的原因應(yīng)與放假有關(guān)。故選A。28．D解析：D【詳解】句意：丹尼爾，請停止玩電腦游戲。它占據(jù)你太多的空閑時(shí)間了?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。turnedup調(diào)高聲音；pickedup撿起；putup張貼；takenup占據(jù)。根據(jù)“stopplayingcomputergames,please!Ithas...yourfreetimetoomuch”可知玩游戲占據(jù)空間時(shí)間。故選D。29．D解析：D【詳解】句意：——如果顧客再打電話找我。請把電話轉(zhuǎn)到銷售部?！玫?，我會的?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。runthrough瀏覽，貫穿；lookthrough瀏覽，溫習(xí)；gothrough經(jīng)歷，通過；putthrough接通。根據(jù)句中“…ringsup”和空后“…thecallto…”可知，這里指接通電話，故選D。30．C解析：C【詳解】句意：——杰克在哪里？他媽媽正在找他。——哦，他在那里發(fā)傳單，讓人們更多地了解聯(lián)合國兒童基金會。考查動詞短語辨析。puttingout撲滅；puttingin投入；handingout分發(fā)；handingin上交。根據(jù)題干“heis…leafletstheretomakepeopleknowmoreaboutUNICEF”，可知是在發(fā)傳單，故選C。31．D解析：D【詳解】句意：你最好在考試前把所有的問題都看一遍。考查動詞短語。lookafter照顧；lookat看；lookout小心，留神；lookthrough瀏覽，逐一查看。由語境可知，在考試之前瀏覽所有的問題，故應(yīng)用短語lookthrough。故選D。32．D解析：D【詳解】句意：真遺憾！天下雨了。我們不得不取消運(yùn)動會?？疾閯釉~短語。ranout耗盡；brokeout爆發(fā)；foundout找出；turnedout最后是，結(jié)果是。根據(jù)“Wehadtocancelthesportsmeeting.”可知此處下雨是一種結(jié)果，用D選項(xiàng)最合語境。故選D。33．D解析：D【詳解】句意：毫無疑問，聯(lián)合國將繼續(xù)推動構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體。考查動詞短語辨析。lookfor尋找；carefor關(guān)注；ho