考點03代詞的基本用法

區(qū)命題趨勢

代詞是代替名詞的一種詞類。大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的功能。英語中的代詞，按其

意義、特征及在句中的作用分為：人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、疑

問代詞、關(guān)系代詞、連接代詞和不定代詞。

在知號導(dǎo)圖

存重序考向

考向一、代詞的概念

代詞是代替名詞或一句話的一種詞類。

情向二、代詞的分第

英語中代詞分為人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、疑問代詞、連接代詞、不定

代詞和相互代詞0

博向三、代詞的甬朝

1.人稱代詞：人稱代詞是指人的代詞，有性、數(shù)、格的區(qū)別。表示“我""你''"他''"我們”“你

們”“他們

數(shù)

單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)

格

主格賓格主格賓格

人稱

第一人稱wemeweus

第二人稱youyouyouyou

hehim

第三人稱shehertheythem

itit

(1)人稱代詞主格在句中作主語。例如：SheismyEnglishteacher.

(2)賓格在句中作賓語。例如：Theydon'twantmetogotherealone.

Don'tworry.Icanlookafterher.

（3）英語里當主語是并列的幾個人時，人稱代詞的排列順序和漢語不同，I在最后，you在

最前；但是，當受到批評或時承認錯誤時正好相反，I在最前，you在最后。例如：

You,heandIareallthewinners.

I,Lileiandyouarewrong.Weshoulddomorefortheproject.

【即學(xué)即練】Iboughtapresentfor.Ihopeyoulike.

A.your;thisB.yours;thatC.you;itD.you;one

2.物主代詞：表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫物主代詞。物主代詞包括名詞性物主代詞和形容詞性物

主弋詞。

詞他/她/

我們你們

義我的你的他的她的它的它們

的的

類型的

形容詞性物主代

myyourhisheritsouryourtheir

詞

名詞性物主代

mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs

詞

（1）形容詞性物主代詞在句中具有形容詞的特征。在句中作定語，后面跟名詞。例如:

Tooursurprise,hehaspassedtheexam.

（2）名詞性的物主代詞具有名詞的特征，在句中作主語、表語、賓語。例如：

MayIuseyourbike?Mineisatschool.（作主語）

Whoseglassesarethese?Theyarehers.（作表語）

Mydictionaryislost.CanIuseyours（作賓語）

⑶名詞性物主代詞可以與of連用，作定語。例如：Afriendofoursarewaitingforus.

【即學(xué)即練】Mostparentsthinkthatitisthehappiestthingtospendtimewithchildren.

A.hisB.ourC.yourD.their

3.反身代詞：用來表示“某人自己”的代詞稱為反身代詞。如下表所示:

我（們）自己你（們）自己他/她/它自己/他們自己

單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself

復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves

（1）反身代詞在句中常用賓語，主語或賓語的同位語。例如：

Hersisteristooyoungtodressherself.（作賓語）

liehimselfisalwaysmakingsuchmistakes.（主語同位語）

You'dbetteraskyourwifeherself.（賓語同位語）

（2）反身代詞可與其他詞構(gòu)成固定搭配，例如：

makeoneselfathome

teachoneself

learnbyoneself

helponeselfto

dressoneself

ctooneself

devoteoneselftodoing/sth.

byoneself

［即學(xué)即練】一Takecarewhilewalkingalongthewethillpath:小徑）.Youmayfallandhurt.

一OK.Thanksforremindingme.

A.itB.youC.yourselfD.yourselves

4.指示代詞：表示時同和空間遠近關(guān)系的代詞叫指示代詞。見下表

這，這個那，那個這些那些

thisthatthesethose

指示代詞可在句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語等。例如：

Thosearemyparents.（作主語）

Throwitlikethat.（作表語）

ThetoyslittleTomlikesarethoseinthebasket.（作表語）

Thesepicturesaredrawnbyanoldblindman.（作定語）

注意：（1）前面剛剛提到過的東西，常用that,those表示。例如：I'msorrytohearthat.

（2）下文將要提到的事情,可用these,this表示，起啟下的作用。例如:

Tellthechildrentodolikethis:knockthestickintotheearthfirst,thentiethetreetoit.

［即學(xué)即練】Thetwinsaresoalikethateventheirfatherfindshardtotellthemfromeachother.

A.itB.himC.them

5.疑問代詞：用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句的代詞叫疑問代詞。常用的有：who,what,which,whose,

whom,在句中常作主語、賓語、定語、表語。

作主語：Whatmakeyousohappy?

作賓語：Who/Whomisyourmanagertalkingwith?

在口語中，作賓語時who和whom可以通用，但在介詞后面只能用whom.例如：

Aboutwhomtheyarctalkingjustnow?

作定語：Whichsubjectdoyoulikebest?

作表語：What'syourmother.

【即學(xué)即練】.一issingingoverthere?

-Mysister.Shelikessinging.

A.HowB.WhoC.WhatD.When

6.相互代詞：用于表示相互關(guān)系的代詞。常用的有：eachother,oneanother.相互代詞可以作

賓語、定語。例如：

Wcshouldhelpeachother.

Thevillagershavelookedafteroneanothertheseyear.

相互代詞后可以加、，表示所有關(guān)系。例如：

Wcputthepresentsineachother'sstocking.

7.連接代詞：用來連接賓語從句、表語從句、主語從句的代詞叫連接代詞。常用的有：what,

which,who,whomwhose,that例如：

Iknowwhathesaidatthemeeting.

Theproblemiswhowillmendit.

Couldyoutellmewhichisthewaytothepostoffice?

8.不定代詞：不定代詞沒有確定的對象，常用的有：all,each,every,both,either,neither,one,

none,little,few,many,much,other,another,someany,no以及由some,no,any,every構(gòu)成的復(fù)

合詞。

不定代詞通?？梢宰鲋髡Z、賓語、表語、定語，而none及含有some,anevery的合成代

詞不能做定語，no和every只能做定語。

9.代詞many,few,afew修飾可數(shù)名詞，much,little,alittle修飾不可數(shù)名詞。both,either,neither,

each用于指兩者，all,any,none,every,another用于指三者或三者以上。

10.it的用法

指代事物。Itisacar.

指，弋時間、地點、距離、金錢、天氣等°例如：Threethousandkilometersisalongdistance.

指弋身份不明的人。例如：Whoisknockingatthedoor?ItmaybeMr.Wang.

作形式主語。例如：Itisnoteasyforparentstobringupchildren.

作形式賓語。例如：Hefounditdifficulttobreatheathighaltitudes.

it常見句型。

(1)Itdoesn'tmatter...

Itdoesn'tmatterwhathesays.他說什么都沒關(guān)系。

(2)Itappears/seems/happens/saysthat...

Itseemsthatheisalwayscorrect.他好像總是對的。

(3)Itissaid/reported/believed/understoodthat...

ItissaidthathehasjoinedtheParty.據(jù)說他已經(jīng)入黨了。

(4)Itisawasteoftime/moneydoingsth.

Ifsawasteoftimeyourtalkingtohim.你和他談是浪費時間。

(5)Itisnowonderthat...

It'snowonderheisnothungry;hehasbeeneatingsweetsallday.

難怪他不餓，他整天在吃糖果。

(6)ittakessb.sometimetodosth.

Ittookmenearlyanhourtoworkouttheproblem.花了我差不多一個鐘才做出那道題.

(7)It'sone'sturntodosth.

It'smyturntocleantheclassroom.是輪到我打掃教室的了。

即跟摩訓(xùn)翥

I.(2022?上海?模擬預(yù)測)Theyarguedamongandfinallydrewaconclusion.

A.themB.(heirC.theirsD.themselves

2.(2022?上海嘉定?模擬預(yù)測)Mr.Hillhastwodaughters.Heoftentakestotheparkatweekends.

A.himB.themC.sheD.her

3.(2022?上海普陀?二模)Ididn'thaveanumbrella.Alicegaveme.

A.sheB.herC.hersD.herself

4.(2022?上海浦東新?模擬預(yù)測)CanyouimaginewhatwillhappenifAIrobotscandomostofjobs?

A.ourB.weC.usD.ours

5.(2022?上海奉賢?九年級期中)Whenstudentswerelearningindustrialtechniques(學(xué)工),theyfound(hatthey

knewverylittleaboutwork.

A.theyB.theirC.themD.theirs

6.（2022?上海?模擬預(yù)測）ThreeastronautstaughtsomethinginterestingaboutscienceinChinaSpace

Station.

A.weB.C.ourD.ourselves

7.（2022?上海閔行?二模）HeismyfavouritebasketballstarandIlikeverymuch.

A.heB.himC.hisD.himself

8.（2022?上海金山?二模）Aftertheastronautscamebackfromspace,manyreportersinteniewed

A.theyB.themC.theirD.themselves

9.（2022?上海崇明?模擬預(yù)測）Thelittleboyhidhimselfbehindthedoor.Nowondernobodycouldfind,

A.heB.himC.hisD.himself

10.（2022?上海黃浦?二模）Theflybeatwingsfuriouslyinordertoescapefromthenet.

A.itB.it'sC.itsD.itself

11.（2022?上海虹口?二模）Quitealotofchildrenrarelycontrolwhentheyareveryangry.

A.theirB.themC.theirsD.themselves

12.（2022?上海靜安?二模）Theboywasoldenoughtotaketheundergroundby.

A.heB.himC.hisD.himself

13.（2022?上海嘉定?二模）Hiswordsdon'tseemsurprising,?

A.doesheB.isn'theC.dotheyD.aren'tthey

14.（2022?上海浦東新?二模）Theinternethasmadelifemorecolorfulandconvenient.

A.weB.usC.ourD.ours

15.（2022?上海?模擬預(yù)測）一Tommy,Pvelostbicycle.CanIuseyours?

—Sure.

A.IB.meC.myD.mine

16.（2022?上海?模擬預(yù)測）Thedoctorsandnursesarctryingbesttosavethepatients,lift.

A.theyB.themC.theirD.themselves

17.（2021?上海市民辦新復(fù)興初級中學(xué)九年級期中）Idon'tknowofthesepeople,fortheyareallnew

staffhere.

A.anyB.someC.oneD.either

18.（2021?上海松江?二模）Sometimes,Maryfeelslonelybecausethere'sshecantalkto.

A.nobodyB.somebedyC.anybodyD.everybody

19.（2022?上海松江?二模）IhavedecidedtobuyaflatofownsothatIcanhavemyspace.

A.myB.mineC.myselfD.me

20.（2022?上海?模擬預(yù)測）Throughart,Matthewfoundanewwaytoexpress.

A.heB.hisC.himD.himself

t

4模單檢測

21.（2022?上海?模擬預(yù)測）Thestaffhadbetterrelaxaftertheopeningceremony.

A.theyB.themC.theirD.themselves

22.（2022?上海奉賢?九年級期中）Onlyoneisred;areblue.

A.othersB.theocherC.theothersD.another

23.（2022?上海楊浦?二模）Thetaskisn'tchallengingenoughforme—Iwantmorecreative.

A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything

24.（2022」二海寶山?二模）Jasontriedseveralwaystoworkoutthemathproblem,butofthemworked.

A.bothB.allC.noneD.neither

25.（2022?上海?模擬預(yù)測）Thegovernmenthassolvedoneproblemafterduringthebattleagainstthe

coronavirus.

A.otherB.theocherC.anotherD.others

26.（2022?上海奉賢?九年級期中）Thevisitorsontheshipcanenjoythebeautifullightsonsidesofthe

HuangpuRiver.

A.neitherB.eitherC.bothD.all

27.（2022?上海黃浦?二模）Whenyourstomachisemptyandyourmindisfull,it'shard.

A.sleepB.sleepingC.tosleepD.tosleeping

28.（2022?上海楊浦?一模）Doyoufinddifficulttolearnnewskillslikehowtorideaskateboard?

A./B.itC.thisD.that

29.（2022?上海?模擬預(yù)測）Lastyear,IsawthewildlionsandelephantsinAfricawithowneyes.

A.IB.meC.myD.mine

30.（2018?上海市西南模范中學(xué)九年級期中）Thepriceofmydressisn'tasasof

herdress.

A.experience,/B.experience,thatC.high,/D.high,that

31.（2019?上海?模擬預(yù)測）TomtoldmetobuyhimatoywhenIwentshopping,butIforgotabout.

A.theseB.thisC.thoseD.that

32.（2022?上海?模擬預(yù)測）Thatprojectrequirescloseteamwork.willbeachievedunlessweworkwell

together.

A.NothingB.AnythingC.SomethingD.Everything

33.（2022?上海嘉定?三模）Tomtriedseveralwaystoavoidcatchingtheflu,butofthemworks.

A.bothB.neitherC.allD.none

34.（2022?上海嘉定?三模）Don'taskPeteraboutthecase.Heknowsaboutit.

A.somethingB.nothingC.anythingD.everything

35.（2022?上海楊浦?三模）I'mbusythisweekend,butIwillarrangefortotakeyouround.

A.someoneB.anyoneC.everyoneD.noone

36.（2022?上海青浦?二模）Almosteveryonetodayuseselectricityinonewayor

A.anotherB.othersC.otherD.theother

37.（2021?上海市民辦新復(fù)興初級中學(xué)九年級期中）一WillMarybeheretoday?

一No,and.

A.hersisterwon't,tooB.neitherhersisterwill

C.neitherwillhersisterD.neitherwon'thersister

38.（2021?上海?模擬預(yù)測）Weareoftentoldthatismor?importantthanhealth.

A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything

39.（2021?上海黃浦?九年級期中）Thoughmyparentslakecareofmeheartandsoul,of（hemcanread

mydiarywithoutmyagreement.

A.bothB.allC.neitherD.none

40.（2021?上海黃浦?九年級期中）Afterhearingallthesongsonthelist,thefansaskedthesingertosing

one.

A.otherB.theotherC.anotherD.others

存真題過關(guān)

1.（2022?上海?中考真題）Yoursilkscarfisoverthere.Thisoneis

A.IB.meC.myD.mine

2.（2022?上海?中考真題）Makesurehasthetextbookswhenthenewtermstarts.

A.nobodyB.anybodyC.somebodyD.everybody

3.（2014上海?中考真題）OldMr.Blackliveshappilywithhisthreedogs.___of（hemarepariofhisfamily.

A.BothB.All

C.NoneD.Neither

4.（2014?上海?中考真題）Doyouseethatgoodlookingyoungman?_isafamousKoreanfilmstar.

A.HeB.HisC.HimD.Himself

5.（2019?上海?中考真題）TheNewYearConcertwassoamazingthatleftinthemiddleofit.

A.everybodyB.anybodyC.nobodyD.somebody

6.（2019.上海?中考真題）Emma,anactress,hasbeeasuperstarbecauseofhardworkandtalent.

A.sheB.C.hersD.herself

7.（2016?上海?中考真題）Thelightwentoutsuddenly.Itwasverydarkandcouldbeseenclearly.

A.anythingB.someth:ngC.nothingD.everything

8.（2021?上海?中考真題）Ihaven'tbroughtmydictionarywithme.CanIuse?

A.youB.yourC.yoursD.yourself

9.（2018.上海?中考真題）Catherinehastwocousins.Oneisquiet,andisnoisy.

A.anotherB.theotherC.otherD.others

10.（2018?上海?中考真題）Myfatherisagooddoctor.workshardtohelphispatients.

A.HeB.HimC.HisD.Himself

11.（2017?上海?中考真題）（2017-_t^-30）Theheadmasterintroducedto（he