2025年大學(xué)《紐埃語》專業(yè)題庫——紐埃語書面文字修辭技巧考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、請簡要解釋以下紐埃語修辭術(shù)語的定義：1.Tārongopēpē2.Mataki3.Kolu...kolu4.Vakatānetāne二、閱讀以下紐埃語文本片段，并回答問題：Hepēpētānetāne,hererepēpētāne,hevakapēpētāne.Hetārongotānepēpēiaimātoumotu,aimātouwhenua.Hetārongopēpētāneiaimātoutāngata,aimātoutangata.Kuafaitauaetānatārongotāne,kuafaitauaetānavakatānetāne.Tēneiekeiaitānahōkaimātouwhenua,mātoutāngata.1.Inthesecondsentence,identifyandbrieflyexplainthefunctionoftherepetition`kolu...kolu`.2.Identifythemetaphorusedinthefirstsentenceanddiscussitsintendedmeaningoreffectinthecontextof紐埃語culture.3.Analyzetheeffectofthephrase`hererepēpētāne,hevakapēpētāne`increatingimageryoremphasizingaconcept.4.Thefinalsentencementionsboth`tārongo`and`vakatānetāne`.Howdothesetworhetoricaldevicespotentiallyworktogethertoconveythespeaker'smessageaboutheritageoridentity?三、紐埃語中諺語`Hepēpētāne,hewhenua`常被用來形容某些事情是男性應(yīng)承擔(dān)的責(zé)任，與土地、家庭或社群的穩(wěn)固相關(guān)。請結(jié)合你對該諺語及其文化背景的理解，撰寫一段約100詞的紐埃語短文，說明在當(dāng)代紐埃社會，一個(gè)年輕男性如何體現(xiàn)`Hepēpētāne,hewhenua`的精神，并不僅僅是關(guān)于耕作，也可以涉及家庭責(zé)任、社區(qū)貢獻(xiàn)等方面。四、比較紐埃語中`mataki`在描述人物性格或行為時(shí)的不同作用。請結(jié)合具體的例子（可以是想象中的，也可以是文學(xué)或生活中的）來說明，當(dāng)描述某人“非常勇敢”時(shí)，使用`mataki`和使用`tārongopēpē`會帶來哪些不同的表達(dá)效果和語感差異。試卷答案一、請簡要解釋以下紐埃語修辭術(shù)語的定義：1.Tārongopēpē:指用明確的詞語（如`tāne`-像，如同）將兩個(gè)不同事物進(jìn)行比較，以突出其相似點(diǎn)，幫助理解或產(chǎn)生形象感。例如，“Hepēpētāne,hewhenua”(像男人一樣，像土地一樣)。2.Mataki:指對事物進(jìn)行故意夸大或縮小的描述，以增強(qiáng)表達(dá)效果，強(qiáng)調(diào)某種特質(zhì)或情感，不一定追求絕對的真實(shí)。例如，形容某人速度快說“KuarerekiWaitangī,kuamāiae!”(他已經(jīng)跑到瓦伊塔基了，他飛過去了!)。3.Kolu...kolu:指在句子或語段中，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)或構(gòu)建節(jié)奏感而重復(fù)使用相同的詞語或短語，形成排比或反復(fù)的結(jié)構(gòu)。4.Vakatānetāne:指使用習(xí)語、諺語或固定短語來表達(dá)某種普遍真理、建議或文化觀念。這些表達(dá)往往蘊(yùn)含著豐富的文化背景和集體智慧。二、閱讀以下紐埃語文本片段，并回答問題：1.Inthesecondsentence,identifyandbrieflyexplainthefunctionoftherepetition`kolu...kolu`.*答案:Therepetition`kolu...kolu`(meaning"like...like"or"as...as")functionsasanintensifierandcomparativestructure.Itemphasizesthesimilarityorqualitybeingdescribed,oftencreatingalisteffectthathighlightsmultipleaspectssharingthesamecharacteristic.Here,itliststhreefundamentalthingsassociatedwith`tāne`(man),reinforcingtheirinterconnectedness.*解析思路:識別`kolu...kolu`的結(jié)構(gòu)作用。它不是簡單的詞語重復(fù)，而是作為比較結(jié)構(gòu)`tānetāne`(像...一樣)的重復(fù)應(yīng)用。分析其在句中的作用：強(qiáng)調(diào)、列舉、構(gòu)建節(jié)奏、突出關(guān)聯(lián)性。在此句中，它將`motu`(島嶼)、`whenua`(土地)、`tāngata`(人)聯(lián)系起來，都?xì)w屬于`tāne`的范疇，強(qiáng)化了男性與自然、社會的基本聯(lián)系。2.Identifythemetaphorusedinthefirstsentenceanddiscussitsintendedmeaningoreffectinthecontextof紐埃語culture.*答案:Themetaphoris`Hepēpētānetāne,hererepēpētāne,hevakapēpētāne`.Itcomparesabstractconceptsorfundamentalaspects(`tāne`,`rere`,`vaka`)tothetangibleandvitalelements(`pēpētāne`-likemen/importantthings).Theintendedmeaningistoestablishafoundationalhierarchyordeepconnectionbetweenthehumansphere(`tāne`,`rere`,`vaka`)andthenaturalworld(`pēpētāne`-oftenreferringtoimportantmen,resources,orcoreprinciples).Thismetaphorunderscorestheinterdependenceandinherentvalueofpeopleandlandin紐埃語worldview.*解析思路:識別第一句中的隱喻。核心在于`pēpētāne`(像男人一樣重要/核心)的重復(fù)使用，將抽象的`tāne`,`rere`,`vaka`與具體化的`pēpētāne`進(jìn)行類比。分析其含義：建立聯(lián)系、強(qiáng)調(diào)重要性、體現(xiàn)價(jià)值觀。結(jié)合紐埃文化背景，理解這種比喻旨在表達(dá)人與自然（土地、資源等被視為男性化或核心力量）的緊密關(guān)系和相互依存。3.Analyzetheeffectofthephrase`hererepēpētāne,hevakapēpētāne`increatingimageryoremphasizingaconcept.*答案:Thephrase`hererepēpētāne,hevakapēpētāne`createsvividimageryofmovement(`rere`-torun/fly)andconveyance(`vaka`-vessel/way/path).Itevokesasenseofenergy,purpose,orperhapsconnectionacrossdistances.Emphasizingtheconceptinvolveshighlightingthemobility,reach,orinfluenceassociatedwith`tāne`(men/importantentities),suggestingtheircapacitytoact,travel,orspreadinfluence,whetherphysicallyormetaphorically.*解析思路:分析`rere`和`vaka`的詞義和引申義。`rere`指移動、飛行；`vaka`指載體、路徑、方式。結(jié)合`pēpētāne`(核心事物)，思考組合起來的意象（如奔跑的人、傳遞信息的人、有影響力的人）。分析其強(qiáng)調(diào)的概念：活力、行動力、影響力、連接性。4.Thefinalsentencementionsboth`tārongo`and`vakatānetāne`.Howdothesetworhetoricaldevicespotentiallyworktogethertoconveythespeaker'smessageaboutheritageoridentity?*答案:Themetaphor`tārongo`(metaphor)likelyprovidesaspecific,vividimageoranalogytoillustratethenatureofheritageoridentity(e.g.,heritageislikeaguidingstar,identityislikeauniquefootprint).Theproverb`vakatānetāne`(proverb/習(xí)語)thenbroadensthisideabyofferingaculturallyembeddedtruthorprincipleabouttheimportance,continuity,orfoundationofthatheritage/identitywithinthecommunityortradition.Together,theycombineaconcreteillustration(`tārongo`)withaculturallyauthoritativesummary(`vakatānetāne`),creatingapowerfulandmulti-layeredmessageaboutunderstandingandvaluingone'sroots.*解析思路:理解`tārongo`(隱喻)和`vakatānetāne`(諺語/習(xí)語)的功能差異。隱喻提供具體形象，諺語提供普遍原則和文化認(rèn)同。分析兩者結(jié)合的效果：形象具體+文化權(quán)威=更深刻、更有說服力的表達(dá)。思考在“遺產(chǎn)/身份”主題下，隱喻如何具體化，諺語如何概括和提升其意義。三、紐埃語中諺語`Hepēpētāne,hewhenua`常被用來形容某些事情是男性應(yīng)承擔(dān)的責(zé)任，與土地或社群的穩(wěn)固相關(guān)。請結(jié)合你對該諺語及其文化背景的理解，撰寫一段約100詞的紐埃語短文，說明在當(dāng)代紐埃社會，一個(gè)年輕男性如何體現(xiàn)`Hepēpētāne,hewhenua`的精神，并不僅僅是關(guān)于耕作，也可以涉及家庭責(zé)任、社區(qū)貢獻(xiàn)等方面。*(此處應(yīng)為一篇約100詞的紐埃語短文，內(nèi)容需圍繞年輕男性如何承擔(dān)家庭責(zé)任、參與社區(qū)建設(shè)、維護(hù)傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀、保護(hù)環(huán)境或傳承文化技藝等，體現(xiàn)其對土地和社群的責(zé)任感，呼應(yīng)諺語精神。由于是模擬，具體文辭略去，但應(yīng)包含以下要素：點(diǎn)明諺語含義、描述當(dāng)代年輕男性的具體行動（如照顧家人、參與社區(qū)活動、學(xué)習(xí)傳統(tǒng)技藝、關(guān)注環(huán)境等）、闡述這些行動如何體現(xiàn)“男性”的責(zé)任與“土地/社群”的聯(lián)系。)*四、比較紐埃語中`mataki`在描述人物性格或行為時(shí)的不同作用。請結(jié)合具體的例子（可以是想象中的，也可以是文學(xué)或生活中的）來說明，當(dāng)描述某人“非常勇敢”時(shí)，使用`mataki`和使用`tārongopēpē`會帶來哪些不同的表達(dá)效果和語感差異。*答案:Whendescribingsomeoneas"verybrave",using`mataki`(exaggeration)createsapowerful,almostmythicalimpression,emphasizingtheexceptionalandoftenawe-inspiringnatureoftheircourage.Forexample,"KeitererekiMotuwhenua,kuamāiae,kuakīaetehinepēpētāne!"(他像飛到海外島嶼一樣快，他飛過去了，他是個(gè)了不起的男子漢！)-Thisexaggerationhighlightstheextraordinaryqualityofhisbravery,possiblymakinghimseemsuperhuman.Usin