2025-2026學年高考二輪精準復習2025-2026學年高考二輪精準復習~~閱讀理解+七選五考點歸納閱讀理解+七選五考點歸納

目錄文體特點 2應用文文體 3記敘文文體 9觀點態(tài)度題關鍵詞： 10人物性格類關鍵詞： 11記敘文主旨大意諺語類選項： 12詞義猜測題（實詞釋義；代詞指代；短語釋義；句子釋義） 13說明文文體 21說明方法： 21說明文類型： 23七選五解題思路大致梳理 35選項分析： 35文章分析： 35詞匯角度解題(代詞;冠詞;連詞;副詞) 36詞義復現(xiàn)的幾種情況: 36文體特點高考閱讀理解涉及的文體只有四種：應用文、記敘文、說明文、議論文。每種文體的寫作目的也非常固定。文體類型寫作目的應用文廣告吸引讀者完成購買的行為指南提供讀者所需的幫助信息記敘文記事通過單一事件講述個人感悟?qū)懭送ㄟ^多個事跡塑造人物形象心理通過剖析心理體現(xiàn)態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變說明文事實介紹事物現(xiàn)象概念的相關特點研究介紹調(diào)查研究的過程結(jié)論意義議論文行為教育讀者采納正確的行為建議意識通過大量事例引起讀者的重視你在高考試卷里看到的所有閱讀理解，就是上面這四種文體九種類型里面選擇三到四個。記敘文的“心理類”在考試里出現(xiàn)的幾率非常低，也就是說，只要你判斷出了文體，每種文體的寫作目的就是二選一。這就是宏觀的解題思路。應用文和記敘文的文體非常容易區(qū)分：應用文會出現(xiàn)各種如項目符號、小標題或表格之類的特殊格式，記敘文則有明確的重點人物和事件前因后果。很多人對于區(qū)分說明文和議論文有障礙，實際上這兩種文體的差別非常大。說明文以客觀介紹事物特點性質(zhì)為主，不會摻雜作者個人的主觀態(tài)度，而議論文則是作者在某個有沖突有矛盾的問題上表達個人觀點，主觀態(tài)度非常明確。所以區(qū)分說明文和議論文，只要注意兩點：1、是否有矛盾沖突問題的背景； 2、作者是否在表達個人主觀態(tài)度。應用文文體1：細節(jié)題——“定位”劃記題目中的關鍵詞（大寫字母；人名；數(shù)字）——劃記名詞，形容詞；動詞——一般劃記關鍵詞數(shù)量為兩個；以防止定位不準。A篇一模一樣可以選(rarely;merely;hardly;scarcely;only;must——隱含式否定副詞）completely完全地suddenly突然certainly一定ensure/guarantee保證thorough徹底的2：原因型細節(jié)題：why/purpose/aim（目的；原因——todo/inorderto/for/when/if/so；冒號；破折號——解釋說明3：文章來源：novel小說sciencefiction科幻小說textbook教科書travelbrochure旅行手冊=guide指南website（click;browser；link；screen）newspaperadvertisement廣告notice通知magazine雜志4：寫作目的：A篇應用文：廣告—購物；吸引；促銷旅行指南—介紹；描述1）提問寫文章的目的：回答文章主旨介紹（人物；產(chǎn)品；解決方法等）——客觀廣告（通常帶有引導性話語）——吸引通知—告知信息注意：引導性話語通常為讓讀者采取行動（買產(chǎn)品或參加活動等）2）第一段的作用或第一段提及某人/物等的作用（舉例）——文章結(jié)構(gòu)引出文章話題

(lead

to

/introducethe

topic

/theme)(首選)注意：有時選項為topic

的具體內(nèi)容3）中間某段的作用

(根據(jù)段落的具體內(nèi)容)介紹或解釋研究過程

/

結(jié)果解釋原因或理由舉例說明給出建議（靠后）說明好處進一步闡明觀點…Introducethebackgroundinformation（中間段）4）作者提及某人/某物/舉例等的目的或作用通常為了證明其前文提及或后文總結(jié)的某觀點有時為了作對比或類比compare，強調(diào)emphasize;stress展示：show暗示：suggestindicate5）做研究的目的：回答研究內(nèi)容研究人員困惑或想知道或感興趣等的內(nèi)容等5：寫作對象：本文寫給誰：yourchildren——父母專家；業(yè)余愛好者；自學者Freshman大一新生sophomore大二學生seniorthreestuent高三ExercisePassageATotrulyhelpourplanet,weneedtoconnectwithit.Andthegoodnewsisyoudon’thavetobeaqualifiedexperttosupportthecause.Herearesomeofthemanyincredibleprojectslookingforvolunteers.BigButterflyCountScheduledbetween18Julyand10Augustin2025,involvementinthisprojectrunbyButterflyConservationismoreimportantthanever,asthe2024resultsindicateasignificantdropofthesebeautifulbiodiversityindicators.Participantsareaskedtospend15minuteseverydayrecordingbutterfliestheysee,eitherviatheirwebsitetrackerorapp.Headtotojoinin.TheGreatUKWaterBlitzThistwice-a-yearcampaignfromtheFreshWaterWashaimstoassesswaterqualityacrosstheUK.Thenextonerunsfrom25-28April2025,andasksvolunteerstorecordthewaterqualityinlocalfreshwatersources.Tohelpintheupcomingcampaign,simplyregisteryourinterestat.uk/greatukwaterblitztoreceivemoreinformation,alongwithyourownwatertestingkit.TheBigGardenBirdwatchOrganisedbyRSPB,theworld’slargestgardenwildlifesurveyrunsinJanuaryeachyear,andasksvolunteerstosignuptosimplywatchtheirgardensforanhoureachday,recordingthebirdstheysee.In2024,morethan600,000peopleparticipatedintheUK,andrecordedanincredible9.7millionbirds.Visit.ukformoredetails.Nature’sCalendarThisinitiativebytheWoodlandTrustlookstotrackseasonalshiftsandpatterns,toseehowclimatechangeisaffectingourecosystems.Theeasy,three-stepprocessrequiresyoutopickaspeciesandbehaviour,decidetheareayou’rerecording,andmakeanoteontheonlinesystemofthedatesoftheseactions.Getinvolvedbyvisitingthe.uk.1．Whichprojectequipsparticipantswithtools?A．BigButterflyCount B．TheGreatUKWaterBlitzC．TheBigGardenBirdwatch D．Nature’sCalendar2．WhatisthemaingoalofNature’sCalendar?A．Toinformthepublicofseasonalshifts.B．Todemonstratebiodiversityonacalendar.C．Tomonitortheimpactsofclimatechange.D．Toprotectthewildlifelivinginyourarea.3．Whatdothefourprojectshaveincommon?A．Theytakeplaceonayearlybasis. B．Theyarelimitedtonaturereserves.C．Theycollectdatarecordedbyparticipants. D．Theyaskexpertstoguidevolunteers.PassageBFromforgottenbeaches,ancientcastlestosoaringdesertdunes(沙丘),Moroccoboaststhebestlocationsforhiking,surfing,swimmingandsleepingunderthestars.Anti-AtlasMountainsExtendingfromtheAtlanticcoasttotheedgeoftheSaharaandwithahugevarietyofterrain,theAnti-AtlasMountainscaterforeventhemostindecisivetraveller.Aboveall,Anti-Atlasisagadircountry(thewordmeanswall).Thelandscapeisdottedwiththeseremarkablewalls.Builtfromstoneandclay,theyweretypicallysetonhilltopsorcliffstoprovideprotectionfromattack.TheMediterraneancoastUnlikeMorocco’sAtlanticcoast,thecountry’sMediterraneancoastlineisalesswell-knowndestination.Ofallthebeachesinthisarea,PlageIhttpyenisthebest.HiddenfromviewbehindtwoenormousredcliffseastofPortSidiHsa?n,andaccessibleonlybyasteeprockypath,it’sanincrediblepeacefulandpicturesquespot,withcrystallinewaveslappingagainstthepebbleshoreandcuriousrockformationsrisingfromthewaves.AgadirFoundedinthe16thcenturybythePortuguese,Agadirquicklybecameaboomingtradingpost,growingrichontheprofitsofsugarandspices.In1960,anearthquakedestroyedmostofthecityandpavedthewayforitsrebirthasatouristresort.Thisistheplaceifyou’reseekingsun,sandandsurf;thecoastlinearoundAgadiristheheartlandofMorocco’ssurfsceneandyoudon’thavetolookfartodiscoverquietersurfingbeaches.MerzougaLocatedattheedgeoftheSahara’sshiftingsands,Merzougahasbecomeoneofthemaindesertcentersfortravellers.Thedrivethereinvolvesadramaticjourneyoverhighmountainsandremoterivervalleys,apanorama(全景)outshoneonlybytheviewattheendoftheroad:thesoaringdunesofErgChebbistandinmagnificenceonthehorizon.Climbtothetopofthe150-metre-highdunesafterthewinterrainsandyoucangazedownontoMerzougaLake,awateringholefrequentedbyacolonyofflamingos(火烈鳥)andoccasionalcamelherders.1．WhatdoweknowabouttheAnti-AtlasMountains?A．Theyserveasatradecenter. B．TheyoverlooktheArcticOcean.C．Theyfeaturedefensivestructures. D．Theyattractdesertenthusiasts.2．WhatdoAgadirandMerzougahaveincommon?A．Peacefulcoastlineviews. B．Uniqueanimalexperiences.C．Beautifulnaturalscenery. D．Magnificentdesertdunes.3．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Atravelmagazine. B．Amarinestudy.C．Ahistoricalrecord. D．Ageographytextbook.PassageCTermsofSaleSubscriptionTypesWeofferthreedifferenttypesofsubscriptions,detailedbelow.SubscriptionTypesProvideDigital?unlimitedaccesstoTheAtlantic.comandouriOSandAndroidappPrint&Digital?allthebenefitsofaDigitalsubscription?10printissuesofthemagazinePremium?allthebenefitsofPrint&Digitalsubscriptions?ad-freewebbrowsing(瀏覽)onTheAtlantic.comSubscriptionBillingTermsOne-TimePurchases:Whenyoupurchaseaone-time,non-renewingsubscription,wewillchargeyourselectedmethodofpaymentatthetimeofpurchase.AutomaticallyRenewingSubscriptions:Automaticallyrenewingsubscriptionsrequireongoingchargesatsettimes:first,whenyouinitiallysubscribeandthenannuallyoreverytwoyearsdependingontheoptionyouchooseatcheckout.Youwillcontinuetobechargedatyourselectedinterval(間隔)unless,priortoyourrenewaldate,youoptoutofautomaticrenewalorcancelyoursubscription.GiftSubscriptions:Whengivingagiftsubscription,wewillchargeyourselectedmethodofpaymentatthetimeofpurchase.Third-PartySubscriptions:Subscriptionspurchasedthroughathirdpartyareonlymanagedthroughthatthirdparty.Wearenotabletoinitiate,cancel,orrefundanythird-partysubscriptiononthecustomer’sbehalf.Wereservetherighttochangeoursubscriptionpricesatanytime.1．WhatfeatureisuniquetoPremiumsubscriptions?A．Limitlesswebsiteaccess. B．FreeiOSandAndroidapp.C．Uninterruptedwebexperiences. D．10printissuesofthemagazine.2．Whichsubscriptionisthemagazineunabletocanceldirectly?A．One-TimePurchases. B．AutomaticallyRenewingSubscriptions.C．GiftSubscriptions. D．Third-PartySubscriptions.3．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Topersuade. B．Toinform. C．Tocomment. D．Toadvertise.PassageDSetoutonacomprehensiveacademicjourneythroughhistory,analysis,composition,andperformance,andjoinsomeofthemostcelebratedmusicianswhohavestudiedortaughtatStanford.TheEchoesatStanfordcourseisdesignedforthosewhoarepassionateaboutdeepeningtheirunderstandingofmusicanditsvariousaspectswithinanacademicsetting.TEACHINGANDFACILITIESAttheheartofavastnetworkofmusicalstudy,researchandpractice,theDepartmentofMusiciswhereyou’llfindawealthofknowledgeandresources.Ourresearchstudents,lecturers,andwell-respectedinternationalvisitorsexplorediversemusicaltopics,fromearlymodernmusictoopera,popmusic,performancestudies,compositionandscientificapproachestomusic.YouracademicexperiencewillmainlytakeplacewithintheDepartment,whichincludes:·WestRoadConcertHall,aninvitingvenuewith500seats·PendleburyLibrary,offeringabroadcollectionofmusic,booksandrecordings·Afully-equippedrecordingstudio,completewithacontrolroomandrecordingroom·Musiccomputinglaboratories,featuringspecializedsoftwareCOURSEFEES$199perperson.Groupsof5ormoreenjoyadiscountedpriceof$149perperson.COURSECOMPLETIONUponcompletionofthiscourse,youwillearn2ContinuingEducationUnits(CEUs).PleasenotethatCEUscannotbeappliedtowardanyStanforddegree.Thereceivinginstitution’spoliciesdetermineifCEUscanbeacceptedelsewhere.YouwillreceiveanemailwithalinktodownloadyourRecordofCompletionwithin3businessdaysofcoursecompletion.Foranyinquiries,pleasereachouttostanford-educ@.1．WhoisthecourseatStanfordintendedfor?A．Soundanalysts. B．Musicscholars.C．Publicspeakers. D．Historyresearchers.2．WhatdoestheDepartmentofMusicoffer?A．Computerlaboratories. B．Extensivereferences.C．High-endconcerthalls. D．Reliableinternetaccess.3．Whatcanbeexpectedafterfinishingthecourse?A．Arecordingofperformances. B．Alinkforcourseapplication.C．Aproofofcoursecompletion. D．AStanforddegreewith2CEUs.PassageEBoostCampforKIDSFIRST!FilmCriticsWhatistheProgram?TheKIDSFIRST!FilmCriticsprogramhelpsyoungpeopletosharetheirviewsonmedia.Itprovidesreviewsofkid-friendlymovies,TVshows,anddigitalcontenttohelpfamiliesmakeinformedentertainmentchoices.Theprogram’smissionistoeducateyouthaboutmediaandencouragecriticalthinkingasconsumers.WhatYou’llDoYoungcriticsreviewmediaratedPGandcontentcreatedforyoungeraudiences.Theyattendpressscreeningsandopenings,wheretheyinterviewleadingfiguresinthefield.Thisgivesthemearlyaccesstonewcontent.Aftergatheringinsights,theycreatewrittenandvideoreviews.Theirworkisthensharedthroughthesocialmediaplatforms,reachingover5millionviewersandreceivingvaluablefeedback.Thisexposurehelpsestablishthemasatrustedvoiceinyouthmediacriticism.BoostCampSchedule&PricingWanttojointheprogram?Improveyourchancesofpassingthenextaudition(試鏡)byattendingourBoostCamp!DetailsInformationNextauditiondeadlineDecember15,2025WinterBoostCampJanuary11-February11,2025SpringBoostCampMarch1-April1,2025CampscheduleOne50-minuteclassperweek,everySaturday,for5weeksCost$75perclassPrivateclassoptionIfthecampscheduledoesn’tworkforyou,weofferprivatesessions.Reservea5-classpackagefor$80persession!Formoreinformation,visit.1．WhatisthegoaloftheKIDSFIRST!FilmCriticsprogram?A．Todevelopkids’mediaintelligence. B．Tosupportparentsineducatingkids.C．Tobetterkids’academicperformance. D．Toprovideentertainingactivitiesforkids.2．Whichofthefollowingisaresponsibilityofafilmcritic?A．Organizingapressscreeningevent. B．Assessingwrittenandvideoreviews.C．Respondingtoaudiences’comments. D．Communicatingwithindustryexperts.3．WhatisthetotalcostforattendingtheSpringBoostCamp?A．$75. B．$80. C．$375. D．$400.記敘文文體記敘文是以寫人、記事、狀物為主要內(nèi)容，以記敘和描寫為表達方式的文章。一篇記敘文，無論長短都應該是一個完全獨立的事實，描寫人物、地點、事件和過程，表達作者的某種情感。主要具有以下特點：選材新穎、生動、真實、典型的素材描寫，讓讀者有身臨其境的感覺。內(nèi)容記敘文應該包括六要素，即：時間、地點、人物、起因、經(jīng)過和結(jié)果?？梢园词录l(fā)生的時間順序?qū)懀部梢园词录l(fā)生的先后寫。形式順敘、倒敘、插敘。語言一般過去時為主，各種時態(tài)為輔，合理使用豐富多彩的謂語動詞時態(tài)是英語記敘文首要的語言特征；多用動詞，尤其是動態(tài)強的行為動詞是英語記敘文又一個明顯的語言特征。命題主要集中在多個事件的先后順序與人物的情感態(tài)度上。體裁結(jié)構(gòu)1.記敘文的開頭通常交代事件的背景，即事件發(fā)生的時間、地點、有關人物等內(nèi)容。2.記敘文的展開（中間）通常以人物活動的時間順序、空間位置變換、事件發(fā)生的順序或人物的主次性格特征為行文線索。3.記敘文的結(jié)尾通常是依照事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)局這樣一個自然的順序來結(jié)尾。寫作意圖1.講述故事(tell/narrate/relateastory)2.分享經(jīng)驗

(shareanexperience)3.紀念人物(rememberaperson)4.闡明道理(communicateanidea/conveyamessage)解題策略高考英語記敘文設題主要集中在細節(jié)理解題和推理判斷題，因此，閱讀這類文章時，應該在整體把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)的前提下，一方面要依據(jù)文章的順序和故事的發(fā)展弄清一系列事件的先后順序以及它們之間的邏輯關系，必要時可以對事件進行排序；另一方面，還要根據(jù)人物的處境和描寫、議論時所用的特定詞語來準確把握人物的情感與態(tài)度，做到入情入境，特別要留意描寫和議論時所用的形容詞和副詞。具體答題策略如下：（1）首段法：首段主旨句；轉(zhuǎn)折詞后；破折號后（2）核心名詞法：

核心名詞在文章中高頻出現(xiàn)。

可是“原詞”或“同義詞”不斷曝光。（3）合并法：整合各段落大意，整合各段落首段信息（4）首位呼應法：整合首段和尾端信息策略指導技法解讀弄清六要素何人、何時、何地，因何原因做了何事，結(jié)果如何，有何啟示或感想。弄清寫作目的證明一個觀點；贊美某種美德；譴責某種罪惡；提供娛樂。關注開頭和結(jié)尾把握事情的動向，尾段經(jīng)常是主題的升華所在。關注情感主線分析事情的發(fā)展脈絡，弄清人物關系，透析文章的情感主線。帶有感情色彩的詞或短語示例觀點態(tài)度題關鍵詞：一、贊同positiveadj.肯定的，積極的favorable贊成的，有利的desirableadj.令人滿意的approvedadj.贊成的enthusiasticadj.熱情的supportiveadj.支持的二、否定negativeadj.否定的，消極的disapprovingadj.不贊成的criticaladj.批評的disgustedadj.厭惡的disgustingadj.令人厭惡的warningadj.引以為戒的worriedadj.焦慮的compromisingn.妥協(xié)objectionn.異議oppositionn.反對三、懷疑suspiciousadj.懷疑的suspicionn.懷疑doubtfuladj.可疑的，疑心的skepticaladj.懷疑的skepticismn.懷疑questioningadj.懷疑的puzzlingadj.使迷惑的,使莫明其妙的四、客觀objectiveadj.客觀的 neutraladj.中立的impartialadj.公平的 disinterestedadj.無私的detachedadj.客觀的unbiasedadj.沒有偏見的unprejudicedadj.公平的，無偏見的impersonaladj.非個人的，客觀的factualadj.事實的，實際的cautiousadj.小心謹慎的五、主觀subjectiveadj.主觀的optimisticadj.樂觀的cautiousadj.謹慎的gloomyadj.沮喪的sensitiveadj.敏感的scaredadj.恐懼的reservedadj.冷淡的radicaladj.激進的moderateadj.適度的mildadj.溫和的，適度的ironicadj.諷刺的confusedadj.困惑的amazedadj.驚奇的concernedadj.關心的dissatisfiedadj.不滿意的discontentadj.不滿的mixedadj.喜憂參半的biasedadj.有偏見的六、積極concernedadj.關心的 confidentadj.自信的interestedadj.感興趣的 optimisticadj.樂觀的positiveadj.積極的 impressiveadj.給人深刻印象的七、一般來說不是解的選項indifferentadj.漠不關心的depressedadj.沮喪的pessimisticadj.悲觀的 prejudicedadj.偏見的unconcernedadj.不關心的hostileadj.懷敵意的 biasedadj.片面的 mockingadj.嘲弄的人物性格類關鍵詞：open-minded思維開闊的easy-going隨和的adaptable適應性強的aggressive有進取心的ambitious有雄心壯志的analytical善于分析的attractive有吸引力的bad-tempered脾氣暴躁的capable有能力的，有才能caring體貼的，有同情心的competent能勝任的considerate體貼的thoughtful體貼周到的cooperative有合作精神的courageous有膽量的creative富有創(chuàng)造力的cultured/educated有教養(yǎng)的demanding苛刻的determined有決心的devoted獻身的;投入的disciplined守紀律的organized有條理的efficient有效率的energetic精力充沛的faithful守信的，忠誠的forgetful健忘的generous慷慨大方的，寬宏大量的gentle有禮貌的，溫和的greedy貪婪的humorous幽默的initiative首創(chuàng)的just正直的knowledgeable有見識的learned有學問的mean吝嗇的reliable可信賴的sensible明白事理的sociable好交際的strong-willed意志堅強的記敘文主旨大意諺語類選項：Allthatglittersisnotgold.閃光的未必都是金子。It'snevertoooldtolearn．活到老，學到老。Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves．天助自助者。Experienceisthemotherofwisdom.實踐出真知。DoasRomansdoinRom．入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。Eastorwest,homeisthebest．金窩銀窩不如自家草窩。Romewasnotbuiltinaday．偉業(yè)非一日之功。Facts/Actionspeak(s)plainer/louderthanwords．事實勝于雄辯。Lookbeforeyouleap．三思而后行。Onefalsestepwillmakeagreatdifference.失之毫厘，謬之千里。Wherethereisawill,thereisaway．有志者事竟成。Morehasty,lessspeed．欲速則不達。Afallintothepit,againinyourwit．吃一塹，長一智。Greatmindsthinkalike．英雄所見略同。Callbackwhiteandwhiteback．顛倒黑白。Asthetree,sothefruit．種瓜得瓜，種豆得豆。Itisnevertoolatetomend．亡羊補牢，猶為未晚。Nopains,nogains．不則無獲。Manyhandsmakelightwork.人多好辦事。Twoheadsarebetterthanone三個臭皮匠頂個諸葛亮。Learntowalkbeforeyourun循序漸進。Don'tcountyourchickensbeforetheyarehatched.別高興太早Onegoodturndeservesanother.善有善報。詞義猜測題（實詞釋義；代詞指代；短語釋義；句子釋義）1：名詞—看周圍是否有相關詞——上下義；破折號解釋；從句2：動詞—同詞性詞——連詞修飾成分3：形容詞；副詞—褒貶；主題；語境4：句子—語境；情感；主題5：代詞指代—代詞是指代前面出現(xiàn)的名詞1.根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)化、合成、派生構(gòu)詞法進行判斷。掌握了一定的構(gòu)詞法，就不難猜出它的詞義。2.根據(jù)上下文解釋作出判斷。有時短文中出現(xiàn)一個需猜測其意義的詞或短語，下面接著出現(xiàn)其定義域或解釋，這就是判斷該詞或短語意義的主要依據(jù)。3.根據(jù)上下文的指代關系進行選擇。文章中的代詞it，that，he，him或them可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it和that還可以指一件事。有時代詞指代的對象相隔較遠，要認真查找；有時需要對前面提到的內(nèi)容進行總結(jié)，才能得出代詞所指代的事。4.根據(jù)同義詞和反義詞。抓住文中表示遞近或轉(zhuǎn)折的詞語，如表示轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ鹊膐therwise,however,while,insteadof,ratherthan,although,but,onthecontrary,表示遞近的and,aswellas,notonly…butalso，表示選擇的or等。5.根據(jù)因果關系進行判斷。俗話說，“有因必有果，有果必有因”。根據(jù)原因可以預測結(jié)果，根據(jù)結(jié)果也可以找出原因。6.根據(jù)同位關系或定語從句進行判斷。閱讀中有時出現(xiàn)新詞、難詞，后面就跟著一個同位語或定語從句，對前面的詞進行解釋，有時這種解釋也用連詞“or”連接。7.通過例子來猜測詞義：通過文中所舉出的例子進行歸類，從而歸納出該集合名詞的詞義。提示詞有suchas,forexample,forinstance,andsoon,like等。8.通過標點符號。如起著解釋說明作用的破折號，并列列舉的逗號等，或通過信號詞（如or，thatis，thatistosay,meaning,standfor,inotherwords,i.e等）。9.根據(jù)上下文的語境。ExercisePassageAIhavetosayitisratheruncommonformalesofmyagetobeclassicalmusicenthusiasts.Iwasnotbornintoamusicalfamilyandneitherofmyparentslearnedclassicalmusic.Therewasn’tmuchmusicinmyhomeeither.So,howdiditallstart?ThestorydatesbacktothetimeswhenIwasinkindergarten,whichhasclassicalmusicCDstoofferparents.Thinkingthatitwouldn’tbeabadideatogetmesomemusictolistento,myparentsorderedthemwithoutanyambitionofdevelopinganinterestinclassicalmusicorwhatsoever.WithoutknowingwhoBach,VivaldiandChopinwereorwhattoexpect,IjustplayedtheCDsoneafteroneandgrewincreasinglyfondofthem.Whattookplacemeanwhilewasmypianostudies,whichagainexposedmetoclassicalmusic.ButIhavetoadmitthebeginnerpiecessoundedratheruninspiredanddulltome.ThankstoYouTube,Iwasabletoexploremorethanwhatmyfirstpianoteacheroffered—frompianotoorchestralmusic,fromBachtoScriabin.Veryoften,Ididn’tpractisethepiecesmyteacherassigned,butthepiecesItrulyloved!It’salsothroughtheInternetthatIdiscoveredoneofmypianoidolslater,GrigorySokolov.Lateron,Ibecameinterestedinnotonlythemusicitself,butalsocomposersandmusichistory.Istillrememberina28-dayoutdoorprograminAustraliaorganizedbymyhighschool,weweren’tallowedtouseourmobilephonesandtherewasn’tanypianoeither.WhatIcouldonlydowastorepeatedlyrecallChopin’sPreludes(前奏曲)Op.28whenwalkingupthehills.Ifeltpeacefulasusual,butevenhappierwithgrowingenthusiasmformusic.Tome,classicalmusicexploresthedeepestemotionsofhumanitybutcanbesohumorousaswell.Themagicofitliesinitsabilitytocastlightonaspectsofhumanconditionsand,atthesametime,togobeyondthereality.24．Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’sparents?A．Theyknewnothingaboutmusic. B．TheyhadtopurchasemusicCDs.C．Theyneverpushedhimtolovemusic. D．Theyrarelyvaluedhiscreatingtalent.25．Whatcanbeinferredfromtheauthor’spianostudies?A．Onlineresourcesbenefitedhimalot. B．Musichistoryseemedmoreinviting.C．Herecognizedtheteacher’sadvice. D．Thepianoclassesmadehimsleepy.26．Whydoestheauthormentionthe28-dayoutdoorprogram?A．Tostresshiseagernesstosing. B．Toshowhispassionformusic.C．Tocomplainaboutitsstrictrules. D．Toprovemusic’sroleincalming.27．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofclassicalmusic?A．Itfocusesonpoeticlyrics. B．Itescapesfromthereality.C．Itgivesinsightsintolife. D．Itisapeace-seekingart.PassageBThepathtosuccessisn’talwaysclear-cut.JuliaGreenknowsthiswell.Justasshegraduatedfromcollege,afinancialcrisissweptthecountry,makingithardtogetajobinjournalism.Despitehergrowingworries,shedidn’tgiveuponherdream;instead,shetriedaglobalvolunteerprogramforherself-growth.Ayearlater,Greenbegantakingrandomwritingjobstomakeendsmeet,whiledreamingofadaywhenshecouldwritefreelyandbepaidforit.Afterwards,sheappliedforthefullyfundedMasterofFineArtsprogram,andwasacceptedtostudyfictionwritingattheUniversityofMichigan.Thoughtheprogramdidn’tendupopeningmanydoorsforher,shewaspaidtowriteandtakeclasses.Greenhasnevershiedawayfromchallengingtopics.Marriage,healthcare,employmentandmorehavefeaturednoticeablyinherwriting,andsheisespeciallyimpressivewhenitcomestomusiccriticism.“I’veintentionallytriedtokeepmylane(道路)verywide,”shesaid.“ItwaswhatIhadtodointhebeginning.Iwantedtobecomeawell-roundedwriter.”Shepennedarticlesforavarietyofwebsites.Slowly,shebegantobuildareputationforfearlessness.“I’vebeenwritingsinceIwas22.Thiscraftrequiresthatyouhaveatoughskin.”saidGreen,whenaskedaboutherwritingjourney.“Asawriter,youarenotwellservedbycaringwhatotherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Youhavetobeemotionallypreparedtofacerejection.”Inthepastdecade,Green,lackingmanyexamplestomodelafter,hasachievedremarkablesuccessthroughgreateffort.Shelandedregularwritingpositions,hadworkedinrespectedjournals,madetheForbes30Under30list,andwroteaworld-classbestseller.Byanyyoungjournalist’sdefinition,Greenhadarrived.1．WhatdoweknowaboutGreenfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Afinancialcrisisruinedherdream. B．Furthereducationmadeheroptimistic.C．Volunteeringbroughthernewjobs. D．Herpassionforwritingdidnotchange.2．WhydidGreenpursueadiversepath?A．Toshowoffhercreativity. B．Topleasecriticalreaders.C．Todevelopheradaptability. D．Tobuildherareputation.3．WhatmattersmosttohercareeraccordingtoGreen?A．Handlingcriticismbravely. B．Maintainingyouthfulskin.C．Gainingpublicrecognition. D．Writingaboutherjourney.4．WhichwordscanbestdescribeGreen?A．Independentandconsiderate. B．Generousandcreative.C．Hard-workinganddetermined. D．Ambitiousandmodest.PassageCIvyScottwasbornwithhypoplasticleftheartsyndrome(左心發(fā)育不全綜合征),meaningonlyhalfofherheartfunctionsproperly.Despitespendingherfirstbirthdayinhospitalundergoingsurgery,IvyhasdedicatedtofundraisinganddeliveringpresentstochildrenatAlderHeyHospitalinLiverpoolsinceshewastwo.Ivy’sconditionwasdetectedwhenhermother,ClareBouch,dida20-weekpregnancyscan.Furthertestsrevealedtherarecondition,whichaffectsonly1in4,000babies.Atjusteightdaysold,Ivyunderwentherfirstopen-heartsurgery.Clarerecalled,“Seeingheraftersurgerywasheartbreaking.ShewassoswollenthatsheseemedtohaveboxedtenroundswithMikeTyson.Thoughcoveredinwiresandtubes,shemadeitthrougheventually.”Ivyhadanothersurgerythefollowingdaysandspentherfirstbirthdayinhospital.Sincethen,shehasrecoveredgradually.Underthecareofhermother,shecoulddomoderateexercise.SupportedbythecharityTinyTickers,Claresaid,“She’sdonesowellandalwayshasasmileforeveryone.”Ivybeganhergiftsdeliveriesin2018whenshewastwo,handingout90giftbagscontainingbiscuitsandpersonalcareitems.In2019,despiteabrokenleg,shedeliveredteddybearstotheintensivecareunit(ICU).In2020and2021,Ivyraised￡1,000eachyearthroughonlinefundraising.In2022,shereturnedtodeliveringpresents,bringingbooksasgifts.Andin2023,sheraisedanother￡1,000andtookingiftsofbabytoysandpresentsforteenagers.Lastyear,shestilldeliveredover200presents.Clareshared,“She’sincrediblythoughtfulandalwaysthinksofothers.”Ivy’sselflessspiritcontinuestoinspireothers,provingthatevenwithhalfaheart,shehasthebiggestheartofall.24．WhydoestheauthormentionMikeTysoninparagraph2?A．ToshowIvy’sloveforboxing. B．Togiveanexampleofafamousperson.C．Toemphasizehowexcellentthesurgerywas.D．TodescribeIvy’sconditionaftertheoperation.25．WhatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutIvy’sillness?A．Itiscompletelycuredafterherfirstsurgery.B．Itleadstoherdepressionduringherrecovery.C．Itrequiresmorethanonesurgeryandattentivecare.D．Itpreventsherfromparticipatinginanyphysicalactivities.26．WhatcanweknowaboutIvyinhercharitywork?A．Shetriestovarythetypesofgifts.B．Shestickstothegiftdeliveryeveryyear.C．Shecarriesoutittoproveherselflessness.D．Sheusesdonationsfromothersaspresents.27．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesIvy’scharacter?A．Optimisticandhumorous. B．Considerateanddetermined.C．Curiousandadventurous. D．Confidentandindependent.PassageDAdozengirlslinedupatawarehouse(倉庫)nearEastLosAngeles,16milessouthwestoftheEatonFireburningsite.Nearthebackoftheline,11-year-oldJasmineNavarrosatonaplasticchairbesidehermomandaunt.She,likemanyothershere,lostallofherbelongingsinthefire.Insidethewarehouse,a14-year-oldnamedAveryColvertandateamofvolunteershavecreatedashoppingmall(購物廣場)forgirlswho’velosteverything,andallinitwerefree.Therewererowsofshoesandracksofneatlyorganizedclothing.Everythingherewasbrandnewandtrendy(時髦的).Avery,whosemiddleschoolwasburneddownintheEatonFire,butwhosehomedidnot,gottheideatocreatethisspaceafterherfamilyevacuatedjustafewdaysearlier.AssoonasfiresbegandestroyingLACountyhouses,residentsracedtostockfooddrivesandcharityshopswithcannedfoodandusedclothing.ButAveryhasputaspotlightontheneedsofteenagegirlsspecifically,andcreatedanexperiencelikeretailtherapy(購物療法).“Ithoughtaboutmyself,andhowmyappearanceisimportanttomyidentityandmyconfidence,”shesaid.“Andtheseteenagegirlslostthatpieceofidentitywhentheylostalltheirthings.”AverystartedtheonlinepageAltadenaGirlsandputoutacallforitemsthattheteenagegirlswant.“Iwanttobeabletogivethemasenseofnormalityintheirliveswhennothingelseisnormal,”shesaid.“Iwantthemtowalkoutfeelingconfidentagain.”Within24hours,Avery’sonlinepagetookoff.Boxesofclothesfromtrendybrandspouredin.Theeffortswerepoweredbydozensofvolunteers,mainlyHollywoodproducersandfashionindustryprofessionals.Avery’smom,LizMcLean,watchedfromnearby,said,“Toseeherta