授課學(xué)案學(xué)生姓名授課教師班主任上課時間月日時—時主任審批授課標(biāo)題中考常考題型專題九---時態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)掌握中考?？贾R點時態(tài)專項重點難點動詞時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、現(xiàn)在進行時、現(xiàn)在完成時、過去進行時、過去將來時以及過去完成時【語法點精講】動詞各種時態(tài)的使用頻率不同，下面分別介紹初中階段要求掌握的八種時態(tài)。１．一般現(xiàn)在時（１）一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時主要用動詞原形表示，如果主語是第三人稱單數(shù)則在動詞原形后加?s或?es。將下列動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為第三人稱單數(shù)形式。swimteachflywashenjoypass（２）一般現(xiàn)在時的用法１）表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。與often，always，usually，sometimes，onceaweek，everyday等表示頻度的副詞或時間狀語連用。如：Ｈegetsupearlyeverymorning．他每天早上都早起。２）表示客觀事實或普遍真理。如：Ｔhesunrisesfromeast．太陽從東方升起。３）在時間、條件等狀語從句中，用現(xiàn)在時表示將來。如：Ｗhenhecomesback，Ｉllringyouup．他回來我會打電話給你。Ｉfhewakesup，pleasebringhimhere．如果他醒了，請帶他來這里。４）在某些以here，there開頭的句子中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示正在發(fā)生的動作。如：Ｈerecomesthebus．公交車來了。（３）與一般現(xiàn)在時連用的時間狀語１）表示頻度的副詞always，often，usually，sometimes等。２）onＳundays，onMondayafternoon，everyday，inthemorning，everyyear等時間狀語。３）onceayear，twiceamonth，threetimesaweek之類的表示頻率的詞組。２．一般過去時（１）一般過去時的構(gòu)成：一般過去時用動詞的過去式表示。寫出下列動詞的過去式。stopbegtake（２）一般過去時的用法１）表示過去某時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。如：Ｈebrokeupwithhisgirlfriendoneyearago．他一年前同女友分了手。Ｔheoldhousecollapsedlastnight．昨夜，那幢舊房子塌了。２）表示過去的習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作。如：Ｉusedtotakeawalkafterdinner．我以前吃過晚飯會散會兒步。ＷhenＩwasalittlegirl，Ｉalwaysaskedmymumtotellmesto?ries．當(dāng)我還是個小女孩時，我常會要我媽媽講故事給我聽。（３）和一般過去時連用的時間狀語lastnight，yesterday，lastweek，someyearsago，in１９９５，inthepast，theotherday，atthattime，justnow等。注意：有一些容易變化錯誤的單詞，如：prefer→preferred，fix→fixed，mix→mixed３．一般將來時（１）表示將來發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，其構(gòu)成是will＋動詞原形，常與表示將來的時間狀語連用，如tomorrow，nextweek，inafewdays，nextＳunday，in＋一段時間，in２０１０等。如：Ｉwillcomebacktoseeyou．我會回來看你。ＷillＩbeabeautifulgirlwhenＩgrowuo？我長大以后會很漂亮嗎？當(dāng)主語是Ｉ或we時，問句中一般使用shall，表示征求對方意見。如：Ｓhallwemeetattheschoolgate？我們在學(xué)校大門口見吧？（２）“begoingto＋動詞原形”表示計劃、打算做某事，表示已決定的、很可能發(fā)生的事，或有某種跡象表明要發(fā)生的事。如：—Ｗhatareyougoingtodothisweekend？這個周末你打算做什么？—Ｉmgoingtovisitmygrandoarents．我打算去看看我的爺爺奶奶。注意：在下面幾種情況下只可用shall（will）表示將來，而不可用begoingto結(jié)構(gòu)。１）表示有禮貌地詢問對方是否愿意或表示客氣地邀請或命令時。如：Ｗillyoupleaseclosethewindow？請你把窗子關(guān)一下，好嗎？２）表示意愿時。如：Ｗewillaskhimtojoinus．我們將要邀請他加入。３）表示單純的將來，與人的主觀愿望和判斷無關(guān)時。如：Ｔhelightswillbeturnedoffatelevenoclock．十一點熄燈。（３）be＋v．?ing表示將來常用這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有g(shù)o，come，leave，stay，start，begin等，表示即將發(fā)生或安排好要做的事情。如：Ｉamcoming．我馬上就來。Ｗearestartingtoworkinfiveminutes．我們五分鐘后開始工作。（４）“beaboutto＋動詞原形”和“beto＋動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)表示即將發(fā)生的動作。如：Ｉwasabouttosleepwhensomeonecriedforhelp．有人呼救時，我正打算睡覺。（５）用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來的情況１）表示按規(guī)定或時間表預(yù)計將發(fā)生的動作。如：Ｔhetrainleavesat８∶００a．m．火車早上八點發(fā)車。２）當(dāng)主句為一般將來時態(tài)時，在if，assoonas，until，when等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。如：Ｉwontleaveuntilsomeonecomestoshift．直到有人來接班，我才會離開。４．現(xiàn)在進行時（１）現(xiàn)在進行時的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進行時由“主語＋am／is／are＋動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。否定形式：主語＋am／is／are＋not＋動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。疑問形式：Am／Ｉs／Are＋主語＋動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞？肯定回答：Ｙes，主語＋am／is／are．否定回答：No，主語＋am／is／are＋not．（２）現(xiàn)在進行時的用法１）表示此時此刻正在進行的動作。Ｉamdoingmorningexercise．我在晨練。２）表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作或持續(xù)的狀態(tài)。Ｉamlearningtodriverecently．我最近在學(xué)駕駛。３）go，leave，arrive，start等動詞用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來。Ｉamgoingtocallyou．我正打算給你打電話呢。４）當(dāng)時間狀語為now，thesedays等時或當(dāng)句子中含有l(wèi)ook，listen，canyousee，cantyousee這類的暗示詞時，要使用現(xiàn)在進行時。但應(yīng)注意下列這些動詞一般不用于現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)的句子中。a．表示感覺的動詞，如see，hear等。b．表示喜歡或厭惡的動詞，如like，love等。c．表示希望的動詞，如want，wouldlike等。d．表示狀態(tài)的動詞，如be等。e．表示歸屬的動詞，如have等。f．表示思維、知識或理解能力的動詞，如know，think，forget等。５．現(xiàn)在完成時（１）表示過去發(fā)生的或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。如：Ｗehavediscussedthetopic．我們已經(jīng)討論過這一話題。Ｈaveyouheardaboutthenews？你聽說了這一新聞嗎？注意：already，yet常和現(xiàn)在完成時連用，already用于肯定句，可放在助詞之后、過去分詞之前，也可放在句末。yet用在疑問句中意為“已經(jīng)”，用在否定句中表示“還”，常放在句末。（２）表示動作或狀態(tài)在過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，也許還要持續(xù)下去，常和for，since連用，表示持續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)多為延續(xù)性動詞。如：Ｗehavebeengoodfriendsformanyyears．我們已是多年的好朋友了。（說明一直是，還會繼續(xù)是）（３）幾個副詞在現(xiàn)在完成時中的用法。１）just意為“剛剛”，表示動作剛剛結(jié)束，常放在助動詞與過去分詞之間。如：Ｉhavejustreceivedtheletter．我剛剛才收到這封信。２）ever意為“曾經(jīng)”，用于疑問句或否定句中，放在助動詞與過去分詞之間。如：Ｈaveyouevermetapersonlikehim？你曾遇到過像他那樣的人嗎？３）never意為“從來沒有”，常與before連用，多放在助動詞與過去分詞之間。如：Ｉhaveneverseensuchaterriblesnowstorm．我從未見過如此可怕的暴風(fēng)雪。４）before意為“以前”，指過去不確定的某個時間，總是放在句末，不受句型的限制。如：Ｉhaventheardofitbefore．我以前從來沒有聽說過這件事。５）since＋時間點，for＋時間段。如：Ｉhaventseenyousincewelastmetbychance．自我們上次偶遇之后，很久沒見過你了。（４）延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞的用法。１）現(xiàn)在完成時表示動作從過去某個時候開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，與一段時間連用時應(yīng)注意句中的謂語動詞需是延續(xù)性動詞，非延續(xù)性動詞不可和一段時間連用。如：他爺爺已過世七年。誤：Ｈisgrandfatherhasdiedforsevenyears．正：Ｈisgrandfatherhasbeendeadforsevenyears．電影已經(jīng)開始十分鐘了。誤：Ｔhefilmhasbeenstartedfortenminutes．正：Ｔhefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes．不過，在否定句中非延續(xù)性動詞可與一段時間連用。如：Ｔhemachinehasntstoppedworkingfor２４hours．這部機器已２４小時沒停過了。２）非延續(xù)性動詞與一段時間連用可采用下述三種方法：a．將非延續(xù)性動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)性動詞。非延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞borrowkeepopenbeopenclosebeclosedbegin／startbeoncomebeherego／leavebeawayfinishbeoverdiedbedeadcatchacoldhaveacoldputonweargetupbeupwakeupbeawakefallasleepbeasleeplosenothavejoinbe（in）leavebeawayfromarrive／reachbeb．將時間狀語改為過去時間，并用一般過去時代替現(xiàn)在完成時。c．用句型“itis＋一段時間＋since從句（從句中的謂語動詞用非延續(xù)性動詞的一般過去式）”表示。如：Ｉtissevenyearssincehejoinedthearmy．他參軍已有七年。６．過去進行時（１）表示過去某一時刻或過去一段時間內(nèi)正在進行的動作。常和表示過去的時間狀語then，atthattime，thistimeyesterday，attenyesterday等連用，或用另一動作來表示過去的時間。如：Ｉwassleepingwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor．有人敲門時我正在睡覺。ＩwastravelinginBeijingthistimelastyear．我去年這個時候正在北京旅游。（２）過去進行時常和always等時間副詞連用，表示過去頻繁發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性動作，此時的過去進行時帶有一定的感情色彩。如：Alicewasalwayschanginghermind．艾麗絲總是在改變主意。（３）注意在含有when或while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句中過去進行時的運用：１）主句中的動作先于從句中的動作發(fā)生，且進行的時間較長時，主句用過去進行時（從句常用一般過去時）。２）從句中的動作先于主句中的動作發(fā)生，且進行的時間較長時，從句用過去進行時（主句用一般過去時）。３）若主、從句動作開始的時間不存在先后關(guān)系（即同時發(fā)生）或無所謂先后時，主、從句可同時使用過去進行時，此時的時間狀語從句一般由while來引導(dǎo)。注意：在上述情況下，若動詞為表示狀態(tài)的延續(xù)性動詞，一般都應(yīng)用一般過去時，而不用過去進行時。如：ＷhenＩarrived，theshopwasclosed．我到那時，商店是關(guān)著的。７．過去完成時過去完成時指的是到過去某個時間已經(jīng)完成的動作或狀態(tài)。概括地說即是表示“過去的過去”。過去完成時的動詞形式為：had＋動詞的過去分詞。過去完成時在句中使用時一般必須有一個或暗含一個發(fā)生在過去的動作與其相比較，使用過去完成時的動詞動作發(fā)生在該過去的動作之前。與過去完成時連用的時間狀語有：bylastweek，bytheendoflastyear等。如：ＴhefilmhadbeenoverbythetimeＩarrivedatthecinema．我到電影院時，電影已經(jīng)散場了。８．過去將來時（１）表示從過去某一時間看將來發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常用在賓語從句中，由“would＋動詞原形”構(gòu)成。如：ＨeaskedmewhetherＩwouldmarryhim．他當(dāng)時問我愿不愿意嫁給他。（２）表示曾經(jīng)打算準(zhǔn)備要做的動作，用were／wasgoingto＋動詞原形。如：ＴheyweregoingtosetoffwhenＩcamein．我進去時他們正打算出發(fā)。（３）go，come，leave，arrive，start等動詞，其過去進行時表示過去按計劃即將發(fā)生的動作。初中英語時態(tài)練習(xí)

1.I

will

tell

him

as

soon

as

he

_____

back

A.

come

B.

comes

C.

will

come

D.

came

2.

Mary

_____

on

shoes

when

she

____

them.

A.

tries…buys

B.

tries…

buies

C.

trys…

buys

D.

trys…

buies

3.

The

girl

often

______

cold

when

she

______.

A.

cathcs…dances

B.

catches…

dances

C.

catchs…dancees

D.

catches…

dancee

4.

_____

he

____

himself

there?

No,

I

don't

think

so.

A.

Do…enjoy

B.

Does…

enjoies

C.

Does…

enjoys

D.

Does…enjoy

5.

_____

your

teacher

____

from

them

very

often?

Certainly.

A.

Do…h(huán)ear

B.

Does…h(huán)ear

C.

Do…

receive

D.

receive

6.

_____

your

mother

_____

some

cleaning

on

Sundays?

A.

Does…does

B.

Do…does

C.

Does…do

D.

Do…

do

7.

_____

Tom

_____to

work

hard

to

help

his

family

?

Yes,

he

_____.

A.

Has…

x…does

B.

Has…x…does

C.

Does…h(huán)as…h(huán)as

D.

Does…

have…does

8.

Which

teacher

_____

lessons

to

you

every

day

?

A.

does

…gives

B.

does…

give

C.

do…

give

D.

gives

9.

Smith

does

not

go

fishing

on

weekdays,

____?

_____

,

he

does.

A.

does

he…No

B.

does

he…Yes

C.

doesn't

he…No

D.

doesn't

he…Yes

10.Mr

Black

often

_____

fishing

on

Sundays,

_____

he

?

A.

goes…doesn't

B.

goes…isn't

C.

doesn't

go…does

D.

doesn't

go…is

11.He

usually

_____

TV

on

Sunday

evening.

A.

watch

B.

watches

C.

watching

D.

is

watching

12.

We'll

go

to

play

with

snow

if

it

______

tomorrow.

A.

snow

B.

snows

C.

will

snow

D.

snowed

13.

Neither

I

nor

he

______

French.

A.

speak

B.

doesn't

speak

C.

speaks

D.

doesn't

speak

14.

Nobody

______

how

to

run

this

machines.

A

.

know

B.

have

known

C.

knows

D.

is

knowing

15.

The

Young

Pioneer

_____

water

for

the

old

man

every

day.

A.

carry

B.

bring

C.

takes

D.

carries

16.

Some

are

______

in

the

river

and

some

are

______

games.

A.

swimming…

playing

B.

swimming…plaiing

C.

swimming…

I

playing

D.

swimming…plaing

17.

Look

!

The

boy

students

are

_____

football

while

the

girls

are

_____

.

A.

playing…

dance

B.

playing…

dancing

C.

play…

dancing

D.

play…

dance

18.

He

_____

to

do

his

lessons

at

eight

every

evening.

A.

is

beginning

B.

is

beginning

C.

begin

D.

begins

19.

_____

he

_____

on

well

with

his

friends

this

term

?

A.

Does…gets

B.

Does…get

C.

Is…getting

D.

Is…geting

20.

Mr

Smith

_____

short

stories,

but

he

____

a

TV

play

these

days.

A.

is

writing…is

writing

B.

is

writing…

writes

C.

writes…

is

writing

D.

writes…

writes

21.

I

_____

to

the

cinema.

I

______

there

every

Sunday.

A.

go…go

B.

am

going…

go

C.

go…

am

going

D.

am

going…am

going

22.

Look,

they______

a

good

time,

____

they

?

A.

have…do

B.

have…don't

C.

are

having…are

D.

are

having…

aren't

23.

You

______

about

the

future

now,

______

you

?

A.

don't

think…don't

B.

aren't

thinking…

aren't

C.

don't

think…

do

D.

aren't

thinking…

are

24.

She

always

______

something

whenever

she

______.

A

.studied…played

B.

studied…plaied

C..

studied…plaied

D.

studied…

played

25.

He

often

_____

late

in

the

forest.

It

_____

me

very

much.,

A.

stayed…worried

B.

staied…

worried

C.

stayed…worryed

D.

staied…

worried

26.

I

______that

the

boy

_____

with

no

tears

in

his

eyes.

A.

noticed…

cryed

B.

noticed…

cried

C.

noticed…cried

D.

noticed…

cryed

27.

We

_____the

floor

and

_____

all

the

windows.

A.

mopped…

cleanned

B.

moped…

cleaned

C.

mopped…cleaned

D.

moped…

cleaned

28.

When

I

_____

the

Children's

Palace,

the

children

_____

with

joy.

A.

visited…

jumpped

B.

visited…

jumped

C.

visited…

jumped

D.

visited…

jumpped

29.

______

a

sports

meet

last

Sunday

?

Yes

,

they

______.

A.

Did

they

have…

did

B.

Did

they

have…

had

C.

Had

they…

had

D.

Had

they…

did

30.

____

you

_____out

for

a

walk

after

supper

?

Yes,

I

______.

A.

Did…went…went

B.

Did…

go…

went

C.

Did…

went…

did

D.

Did…

go…

did

31.

_____

Jack

_____

on

with

his

work

or

______

to

have

a

rest?

A.

Did…

went…

stopped

B.

Did…

go…

stop

C.

Did…

went…

stop

D.

Did…

go…

stopped

32.

You

gave

them

a

talk

two

days

ago,

_____you

?

Yes,

I

______.

A.

did…

did

B.

did…

gave

C.

didn't…

did

D.

didn't…

gave

33.

____

your

brother

_____

a

letter

to

?

My

father.

A.

Who…

wrote

B.

What…wrote

C.

Who

did…write

D.

What

did…

write

34.

They

_____

about

the

TV

news

then

in

the

sitting-room.

They

often

____

such

talks

A.

talked…h(huán)ad

B.

talk…h(huán)ave

C.

were

talking…h(huán)ad

D.

are

talking…h(huán)ave

35.

He

______

some

cooking

at

that

time,

so

_____

me.

A.

did…

heard

B.

did…

didn't

hear

C.

was

doing…

heard

D.

was

doing…

didn't

hear

36.

"

_____

you

angry

then?"

"They_

too

much

noise.”

A.

Are…were

making

B.

Were…were

making

C.

Are…made

D.

Were…

made

37.

This

time

yesterday

Jack

_____

his,

bike.

He

_____

TV.

A.

repaired…

didn't

watch

B.

was

repairing…

watched

C.

repaired…

watched

D.

was

repairing…

wasn't

watching

38.

We

_____

for

Tom

at

ten

last

Sunday.

He

often

kept

us

______.

A.

were

waiting…

waiting

B.

were

waiting…

wait

C.

waited…

waiting

D.

waited…

wait

39.

When

you

_____

at

the

door,

I

_____

some

washing.

A.

knocked…

did

B.

was

knocking…

did

C.

knocked…

was

doing

D.

knock…

am

doing

40.

The

boy_____

English

on

the

radio

when

I

_____

his

door.

A.

learned…

was

opening

B.

was

learning…

opened

C.

learned…

opened

D.