高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1遼寧省大連市濱城高中聯(lián)盟2025-2026學年高三上學期10月月考英語試題第一部分：聽力（略）第二部分：閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AIt’seasytoassumethatavacationtoBaliwillcostasmallfortune.Thereareplentyofaccommodations,foodandlocaltransportation,andeventhespasoffermassagesandtreatmentsatvalueprices.However,youcaneasilyspendaweekortwoinBaliforunder$2,000,withouthavingtosleeponthebeach.HereareafewthingstoconsiderwhenplanningBalionabudget.WhatisthebesttimetovisitBalionabudget?Ifyou’reonabudget,considervisitingBaliduringthelower,wetterseason,whichrunsfromOctoberthroughMarch.Thecrowdswillbefewer,andbothhotelratesandflightsfromabroadareoftencheaper,exceptduringtheholidayperiodbetweenmid-DecemberandearlyJanuary,whencrowdsswell.Theonlytrade-offforthelowerpricesisthewetseason.Thistimeofyearisn’talwaysidealforsunbathing,andseriousrainfallcanmakeoutdooractivities,suchaswhitewaterraftingandvisitingwaterfallsandriceterraces,lessthanappealing.Thatsaid,evenduringrainyseason,itdoesn’tusuallyrainalldaylong.Expectburstsofsunshinebetweenthestorms.WhatisthecheapestwaytogetaroundBali?TheabsolutecheapestwaytogetaroundBaliisbylocalbus,butitcantakealongtime.Therearealsotouristbuses,includinghop-on,hop-offoptions,thattravelbetweendifferenthubsacrosstheisland.Baliiswell-servedbytaxis,bothofthecarandmotorbikevariety,andthepricestendtobeaffordablebyinternationalstandards.Mostdriverswillofferyouafixedrateforfull-dayhiresortogetfrompointAtopointB,ratherthanusingameter.Remembertobargain:doingsoisparticularlyeasywhenadriverisonhisownratherthanatataxistand.HowmuchdoesfoodcostinBali?Ifyou’reintofinedining,youcanendupspendingalargechunkofyourbudgetonfood.Eatingattheaveragetourist-customizedrestaurantisthebestwaytohaveamealinBalionabudget.Agoodmealshouldcostyouaround100,000rupiah(around$7),butifyou’rewillingtosubsistmostlyoffoflocalspecialtiessuchasnasigoreng(friedrice)andeatatlocalrestaurants,youcanexpecttopayaround30,000rupiah($2)togetfed.Bestofall,mosthotelsandguesthousesinBalicomewithfreebreakfast,andmanyofferheavieroptionsofnoodlesandmeatthatmaykeepyoufulluntillunch.1.WhatcanweinferabouttheweatherinBaliduringitswetseason?A.Itrainscontinuouslyfrommorningtillnighteveryday.B.Therearestillperiodsofsunshinebetweenrainstorms.C.Outdooractivitieslikewhitewaterraftingarecompletelyimpossible.D.Therainfallmakesitunsuitableforanyformoftravel.2.WhatisakeydifferencebetweenbargainingwithasolotaxidriverandoneatataxistandinBali?A.Standdriverschargefixedrates,whilesolodriversprefertonegotiate.B.Solodriversneverusemeters,whilestanddriversalwaysdo.C.Solodriversonlyofferfull-dayhires,whilestanddriversacceptshorttrips.D.Bargainingwithsolodriversiseasierthanwiththoseatstands.3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.It’srelativelyeconomicaltoeatmerelyataveragerestaurantstailoredtovisitors.B.Passengershadbetterfixthepricewithdriversbeforethetaxipullsoutfromthestation.C.Ifonatightbudget,oneisadvisedtovisitBaliattheendofDecembereveryyear.D.It’sbetterforoutdoorenthusiaststovisitBaliduringtheoffseason.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了如何在預算有限的情況下規(guī)劃巴厘島旅行，包括最佳旅行時間、交通方式和飲食花費等方面的建議。【1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Thatsaid,evenduringrainyseason,itdoesn’tusuallyrainalldaylong.Expectburstsofsunshinebetweenthestorms.(話雖如此，即使在雨季，也通常不會全天都在下雨。在風暴之間，會有一陣陣的陽光。)”可知，雨季的巴厘島仍有晴天時段。故選B?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Remembertobargain:doingsoisparticularlyeasywhenadriverisonhisownratherthanatataxistand(記得討價還價：與單獨行動的司機議價比在出租車?？奎c更容易)”可知，與單獨行動的司機議價比在出租車?？奎c更容易。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“Eatingattheaveragetourist-customizedrestaurantisthebestwaytohaveamealinBalionabudget(在巴厘島，在普通游客定制餐廳用餐是在預算內(nèi)享用美食的最佳方式。)”可知，在僅為游客量身定制的普通餐廳用餐相對經(jīng)濟實惠。故選A。BIencounteredtheclassicsinuniversity.Iwas19,inlovewithliteratureandpursuinganundergraduatedegreeinEnglishLiterature.Butwithalackoflifeexperience,examsandfocusingongrades,Icouldn’ttrulyappreciatethem.Middlemarch,ThePictureofDorianGray,PrideandPrejudice,MadameBovary:Ilovedthesebooks,butIdidn’treallygetthem.Some40yearslater,asaneditorandauthor,it’smyjobtounderstandwhatmakesabooktick.Whenacolleaguesuggestedwedeconstruct(解構(gòu))classics,Iwasexcited.IhadnoideawhatIwasinfor.ManywererereadsofnovelsIloved.Iwonderediftheywouldstillresonate(引起共鳴)andifmytechnology-damagedattentionspancouldhandlethem.ReadingMiddlemarchwhenyou’re19isverydifferentfromwhenyou’re60andhavebeenthrough,well,life.MuchofwhatEliotwasdoingwithmarriage,relationshipsandexpectationswentovermyyounghead.Thecharactersanddialoguearemasterful.However,rereadingMiddlemarchwasascaryidea.It’sabrickofabookwithtinyprint.SoItriedtheaudiobookinstead.Iwassweptaway:Ididn’twanttodoanythingexceptlisten.Itoldafriendtoreaditagain,amazedbyhowgood,howrelevantitis,eventhoughitwaspublishedin1871.Maybelifehasn’tchangedasmuchaswethink.MadameBovarygivesbigsocialmediavibes.EveryoneelseishavingabettertimethanBovary.Everyone’sgrassisgreener.Nothinglivesuptoherexpectations.ThePictureofDorianGrayshowsthatourobsessions(癡迷)withyouthandbeautyarenothingnew.OscarWildewouldhavealottosayabouttoday’sselfiesandsocialmediapersonas(表面形象),whichcanbefarfromthetruth.Wegavethesebookstheattentiontheydeserved-attentionIcouldn’tgiveatage19.That’swhyIrecommendrereading.Theseauthorsunderstoodsomethingabouthumanitythatstillresonates,stillmakesusquestionourlifechoices.Readingtheclassicsisawaytoreclaim(重拾)somethingindangerofbeinglost:theenjoymentofmasteryinlanguage,ofcharacterssoalivetheycouldwalkintoourlivingroom.Goodfictionteachessomethingthatwewillalwaysneed:theabilitytostandinanother’sshoesandfeelwhattheyfeel,andmaybecomeawaywithanewunderstanding.4.Whatdoesthephrase“getthem”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A.Memorizetheplots. B.Appreciatethevaluedeeply.C.Finishreadingquickly. D.Understandtheauthors’background.5.WhydidtheauthortrytheaudiobookwhenrereadingMiddlemarch?A.Tomakethereadingeasierasthebookisverythickwithsmallprint.B.Tofollowthelatesttrendofreadingaudiobooks.C.Tosharethereadingexperiencewithfriendsconveniently.D.Toimproveherlisteningskills.6.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Theauthorthinksclassicbooksshouldonlybereadbyadults.B.MadameBovary’sthemesareunrelatedtomodernsocialmediaphenomena.C.Rereadingclassicsindifferentlifestagescanbringnewinsights.D.OscarWilde’sworksareoutdatedandnotworthreadingnow.7.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Tocriticizepeople’slackofattentiontoclassics.B.Toexplainwhyshedislikedclassicsinheryouth.C.Toadvocateforrereadingclassicsandexploringtheirtimelessvalue.D.Tocomparethereadinghabitsofteenagersandadults.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了作者通過對比自己19歲和60歲時閱讀經(jīng)典文學的不同體驗，闡述了經(jīng)典作品的永恒價值，并倡導人們在不同人生階段重讀經(jīng)典以獲得新的感悟。【4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中“Iencounteredtheclassicsinuniversity.Iwas19,inlovewithliteratureandpursuinganundergraduatedegreeinEnglishLiterature.Butwithalackoflifeexperience,examsandfocusingongrades,Icouldn’ttrulyappreciatethem.(我在大學時期接觸到了經(jīng)典文學作品。當時我19歲，熱愛文學，正在攻讀英語文學本科學位。但由于生活閱歷不足，考試和學業(yè)成績的壓力，我無法真正領(lǐng)略到它們的魅力。)”及“Middlemarch,ThePictureofDorianGray,PrideandPrejudice,MadameBovary:Ilovedthesebooks,butIdidn’treallygetthem.(《米德爾馬契》《道林?格雷的畫像》《傲慢與偏見》《包法利夫人》——我喜愛這些書，卻未能真正getthem。)”可知，“getthem”與“trulyappreciatethem”形成呼應，指無法深刻領(lǐng)會經(jīng)典的價值。故選B?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“However,rereading

Middlemarchwasascaryidea.It’sabrickofabookwithtinyprint.SoItriedtheaudiobookinstead.(然而，重讀《米德爾馬契》讓我望而生畏。這是一本厚重的書，字體很小。所以我轉(zhuǎn)而嘗試了有聲書。)”可知，作者嘗試有聲書的原因是因為這本書很厚、字很小，想要使閱讀輕松一些。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“ReadingMiddlemarchwhenyou’re19isverydifferentfromwhenyou’re60andhavebeenthrough,well,life.(19歲時讀《米德爾馬契》和60歲時，經(jīng)歷過生活的洗禮后再讀，感受截然不同。)”和第六段中“Wegavethesebookstheattentiontheydeserved-attentionIcouldn’tgiveatage19.That’swhyIrecommendrereading.(我們給予了這些書它們應得的關(guān)注——這是我在19歲時無法給予的關(guān)注。這就是我建議重讀的原因。)”可知，作者建議讀者重讀經(jīng)典，因為年少時可能無法理解，而成年后重讀卻可以獲得新的感悟。由此可推斷出，在不同的生活階段重讀經(jīng)典可以帶來新的見解。故選C。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段中“That’swhyIrecommendrereading.(這就是我建議重讀的原因。)”及最后一段“Readingtheclassicsisawaytoreclaimsomethingindangerofbeinglost:theenjoymentofmasteryinlanguage,ofcharacterssoalivetheycouldwalkintoourlivingroom.Goodfictionteachessomethingthatwewillalwaysneed:theabilitytostandinanother’sshoesandfeelwhattheyfeel,andmaybecomeawaywithanewunderstanding.(閱讀經(jīng)典作品是一種重拾那些瀕臨失傳之物的途徑：重拾駕馭語言的樂趣，重拾那些栩栩如生、仿佛能走進我們客廳的人物形象。優(yōu)秀的小說教會我們一種我們永遠需要的能力：設(shè)身處地地理解他人的感受，或許還能讓我們獲得新的領(lǐng)悟。)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了作者在不同人生階段對經(jīng)典作品的不同理解和感悟，特別是重讀經(jīng)典后獲得的深刻體驗和啟示，作者認為這些經(jīng)典作品蘊含著對人性深刻的理解，仍然能引起共鳴，并鼓勵人們重新審視自己的生活選擇，由此可知，作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是提倡重讀經(jīng)典并探索其永恒的價值。故選C。CIt’snotuncommonforpatientstohidetheirtrueemotionsfromtheircaregivers—orevenfromtheirownconsciousselves.Anexperimentalnewfacial“sticker”couldhelpbydetectingandsharinginformationonitswearer’spresentstateofmind.CurrentlybeingdevelopedbyProf.Huanyu“Larry”ChengandhiscolleaguesatPennStateUniversity,theflexible,stretchabledeviceincorporatessensorsthatmeasurebiaxialmechanicalstrain(雙軸機械應變),bodytemperature,sweat-causedhumidity,andbloodoxygenlevels.Thesesensorsarepiledlikepancakes,separatedbythinsheetsofdifferentmaterialsthatkeeptheirsignalsandmeasurementmethodsfrommeddlingwithoneanother.Othercomponentsincludeaprintedcircuitboard,wirelesschargingcoil(線圈),5-voltbatteryandBluetoothchip.Allofthesepiecesareenclosedwithinawaterproofcovering,withthewholedevicemeasuringabout6cminlength.Whenthestickeristemporarilyattachedtoapatient’sface,itsstrainsensormonitorstheirskinmovementsalongtwoaxes,wirelesslyrelayingthedatatoanapponacloud-connectedsmartphoneortablet.AI-basedalgorithms(算法)inthesoftwareareinturnabletodeduce(推斷)theperson’scurrentfacialexpression,whichiscertainlylinkedtotheirmood.Inlabtests,thetechnologyhasproventobeover96%accurateatidentifyingsixcommonfacialexpressions:happiness,surprise,fear,sadness,angeranddisgust.Thatsaid,expressionscanbefaked,oftenevensubconsciously(潛意識地).Forthatreason,theappalsousesreal-timereadingsfromthetemperature,humidityandbloodoxygensensors.Usingthiscombinationofdata,thesystemissofaralmost89%accurateatidentifyingtrueemotionstriggeredbytheviewingofvariousvideoclips.Thatfigureshouldimproveasthetechnologyisdevelopedfurther.Andimportantly,thedataareprocessedinthecloud.“Thisisanewandimprovedwaytounderstandouremotionsbylookingatmultiplebodysignalsatonce,”saysCheng.“Peopleoftendon’tvisiblyshowhowtheytrulyfeel,sothat’swhywe’recombiningfacialexpressionanalysiswithotherimportantphysiologicalsignals,whichwillultimatelyleadtobettermentalhealthmonitoringandsupport.”8.Whatisthefunctionofthefacial“sticker”mentionedinthepassage?A.Todecoratepatients’faces.B.Tocurementalhealthproblems.C.Todetectandshareinformationaboutthewearer’smentalstate.D.Totaketheplaceofcaregiversinmonitoringpatients.9.Theunderlinedphrase“meddlingwith”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto.A.interferingwith B.connectingwith C.dealingwith D.agreeingwith10.Whatwordscanproperlydescribethefacial“sticker”technology?A.High-precisionbutimprovable B.MaturebutinaccurateC.Cost-effectiveandportable D.Inefficientandunaffordable11.Whichstatementbestexplainsthenecessityofthenewmethod?A.Facialexpressionsalwaysmatchtrueemotions.B.Asinglebodysignalcanfullyrevealemotions.C.Physiologicalsignalsareirrelevanttoemotions.D.People’soutwarddisplaysoftendon’treflectinnerfeelings.【答案】8.C9.A10.A11.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了賓夕法尼亞州立大學研發(fā)的一種新型面部“貼紙”，它能檢測佩戴者的多項生理指標并推斷情緒，通過結(jié)合多種數(shù)據(jù)提高情緒識別準確度，有助于更好地監(jiān)測和支持心理健康。【8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Anexperimentalnewfacial‘sticker’couldhelpbydetectingandsharinginformationonitswearer’spresentstateofmind.(一種實驗性的新型面部‘貼紙’可以通過檢測和分享佩戴者當前的心理狀態(tài)信息來提供幫助。)”可知，這種面部“貼紙”的功能是檢測和分享佩戴者的心理狀態(tài)信息。故選C項?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thesesensorsarepiledlikepancakes,separatedbythinsheetsofdifferentmaterialsthatkeeptheirsignalsandmeasurementmethodsfrommeddlingwithoneanother.(這些傳感器像煎餅一樣堆疊在一起，由不同材料的薄片隔開，以防止它們的信號和測量方法相互干擾。)”可知，這些傳感器被不同材料的薄片隔開，是為了防止信號和測量方法之間相互干擾，由此可推測出“meddlingwith”意為“干擾”。因此，選項A“interferingwith(干擾)”與原文意思最為接近。故選A項。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Inlabtests,thetechnologyhasproventobeover96%accurateatidentifyingsixcommonfacialexpressions:happiness,surprise,fear,sadness,angeranddisgust.(在實驗室測試中，該技術(shù)在識別六種常見面部表情——快樂、驚訝、恐懼、悲傷、憤怒和厭惡—方面的準確率超過了96%。)”以及第四段中的“Thatfigureshouldimproveasthetechnologyisdevelopedfurther.(隨著技術(shù)的進一步發(fā)展，這個數(shù)字應該會提高。)”可知，這項面部“貼紙”技術(shù)在識別面部表情方面具有高精度，但還有提升空間。因此，選項A“High-precisionbutimprovable(高精度但可改進)”能夠恰當?shù)孛枋鲞@項技術(shù)。故選A項。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Peopleoftendon’tvisiblyshowhowtheytrulyfeel,sothat’swhywe’recombiningfacialexpressionanalysiswithotherimportantphysiologicalsignals,whichwillultimatelyleadtobettermentalhealthmonitoringandsupport.(人們常常不會明顯地表現(xiàn)出他們的真實感受，所以這就是為什么我們將面部表情分析與其他重要的生理信號相結(jié)合，這最終將導致更好的心理健康監(jiān)測和支持。)”可知，人們的外在表現(xiàn)往往不能反映他們的內(nèi)心感受，因此需要將面部表情分析與其他生理信號相結(jié)合，以更好地監(jiān)測和支持心理健康。因此，選項D“人們的外在表現(xiàn)往往不能反映他們的內(nèi)心感受”最能解釋新方法的必要性。故選D項。DHaveyoueverfoundyourselfhavingintrusive(侵擾的)thoughtsaboutsomethingyouhaven’tfinished?Maybeahalf-doneworkprojectiskeepingyouupatnightorthesuspensefulplotofanovelyou’rereadingkeepscirclingyourthoughts.Thereisareasonwhyit’ssohardtostopthinkingaboutuncompletedandinterruptedtasks,andpsychologistscalledittheZeigarnikeffect(Z-effect).TheZeigarnik

effectwasfirstobservedbyaRussianpsychologistnamedBlumaZeigarnik.WhilesittinginabusyrestaurantinVienna,

Zeigarnik

notedthatthewaitershadbettermemoriesofunpaidorders.Oncethebillwaspaid,however,thewaitershadtroublerememberingtheexactdetailsoftheorders.Zeigarnikdidaseriesofexperiments,inwhichparticipantswereaskedtocompletesimpletaskssuchasputtingtogetherpuzzles,orsolvingmathproblems.Halfoftheparticipantswereinterruptedpartwaythroughdoingthesetasks.Afteranhour-longwait,Zeigarnikaskedtheparticipantstodescribewhattheyhadbeenworkingon.Shediscoveredthatthepeoplewhohadbeeninterruptedintheirworkweretwiceaslikelytorememberwhattheyhadbeendoingasthepeoplewhohadbeenabletocompletethetasks.Wearelivinginaninformationexplosionera,andweneedmentaltrickstohelpusrememberagreatdealofinformation.TheZeigarnikeffectservesasaprimeexample.Weholdontoinformationintheshorttermbyconstantlypullingitbackintoourawareness.Bythinkingofuncompletedtasksoften,we’remorelikelytokeeprememberingthemuntiltheygetdone.TheZeigarnikeffecttellsusalotabouthowmemoryworksandyoucanusetheZeigarnikeffecttoyouradvantage.Ifyouarestrugglingtomemorizesomethingimportant,momentaryinterruptionsmightworktoyouradvantage.Ratherthansimplyrepeatingtheinformation,reviewitafewtimes,andthentakeabreak.Nevertheless,leavingtoomanytasksunfinishedcanleadtofeelingsofoverwhelmandanxiety.Therefore,it’scrucialtousethiseffectwiselyinpracticalapplications.12.WhatdoestheZeigarnikeffectmainlyrefertoaccordingtothepassage?A.Peopletendtoforgetcompletedtasksimmediatelyafterfinishingthem.B.Uncompletedorinterruptedtasksaremorelikelytostayinpeople’smemory.C.Waitershavebettermemoriesthanordinarypeoplewhenitcomestoorders.D.Simpletasksareeasiertorememberthancomplexonesformostpeople.13.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph3?A.Toclarifyaconcept. B.Totestanassumption.C.Toanalyzethecauses. D.Togivebackgroundinformation.14.WhichofthefollowingcasesbestreflectsthepotentialdisadvantageoftheZeigarnikeffect?A.AiringadsduringthesuspensefulmomentsinaTVseries.B.Stoppingwritingatthethrillingplotofastory.C.Havingmanyuncompletedtaskslistedonthedesktop.D.Interruptingstudentshalfwaythroughsolvingamathproblem.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheTricksofDevelopingLong-termMemory.B.TheZ-Effect:HowtoBoostRecallofFinishedTasks.C.ThePowerofCompletingTasksAheadofSchedule.D.TheZ-Effect:HowInterruptionsEnhanceMemory.【答案】12.B13.B14.C15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了蔡格尼克（Ziegarnik）效應，包括其發(fā)現(xiàn)過程、實驗驗證、作用以及在實際中的應用和注意事項?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thereisareasonwhyit’ssohardtostopthinkingaboutuncompletedandinterruptedtasks,andpsychologistscalledittheZeigarnikeffect(Z-effect).(很難停止思考未完成和被打斷的任務是有原因的，心理學家稱之為蔡格尼克效應)”和第三段中“Shediscoveredthatthepeoplewhohadbeeninterruptedintheirworkweretwiceaslikelytorememberwhattheyhadbeendoingasthepeoplewhohadbeenabletocompletethetasks.(她發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些在工作中被打斷的人記住自己正在做的事情的可能性是那些能夠完成任務的人的兩倍。)”可知，蔡格尼克效應的典型特征是傾向于記住未完成的任務。故選B?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Zeigarnikdidaseriesofexperiments,inwhichparticipantswereaskedtocompletesimpletaskssuchasputtingtogetherpuzzles,orsolvingmathproblems.Halfoftheparticipantswereinterruptedpartwaythroughdoingthesetasks.(蔡格尼克做了一系列實驗，要求參與者完成一些簡單的任務，比如拼圖或解數(shù)學題。一半的參與者在完成這些任務的過程中被打斷)”和“Shediscoveredthatthepeoplewhohadbeeninterruptedintheirworkweretwiceaslikelytorememberwhattheyhadbeendoingasthepeoplewhohadbeenabletocompletethetasks.(她發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些在工作中被打斷的人記住自己正在做的事情的可能性是那些能夠完成任務的人的兩倍)”可知，第三段主要是通過實驗來驗證蔡格尼克之前的假設(shè)，即未完成的任務會比已完成的任務更容易被記住。故選B?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“l(fā)eavingtoomanytasksunfinishedcanleadtofeelingsofoverwhelmandanxiety.(留下太多未完成的任務會讓人感到不知所措和焦慮)”可知，蔡格尼克效應的潛在弊端是未完成任務過多引發(fā)負面情緒?！白烂媪谐鲈S多未完成任務”符合“未完成任務過多”的場景，能體現(xiàn)該效應的弊端。故選C。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thereisareasonwhyit’ssohardtostopthinkingaboutuncompletedandinterruptedtasks,andpsychologistscalledittheZeigarnikeffect(Z-effect).(很難停止思考未完成和被打斷的任務是有原因的，心理學家稱之為蔡格尼克效應)”和全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了蔡格尼克效應，即人們傾向于記住未完成的任務，并通過實驗驗證了這一效應。文章還探討了蔡格尼克效應在實際中的應用以及如何利用它來提高記憶力。由此可知，選項D“蔡格尼克效應：中斷如何增強記憶”最能概括文章的主旨，適合作標題。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。AcrossAsia,millionsofpeoplerecentlygatheredtowitnessthebreathtakingnaturalwonderofatotalsolareclipse.____16____.Atthistime,theMooncoverstheSunentirely,turningdaydarkforashortwhile.ThiseclipsefirstappearedineasternIndia,thenslowlymovedacrossBurma,Bangladesh,Bhutan,easternChina,Japan,andfinallyintothePacificOcean.WhenitreachedcitiesineasternChinayesterday,crowdspouredintostreets,parksandrooftops—someevenarrivedhoursearlytosecuregoodviewingspots.____17____.Thescenewasbreathtaking.InShanghai,manyheldupcamerasandsmalltelescopes,cheeringloudlyastheskygraduallydimmed,whileafewfamilieslaidoutpicnicblanketstoenjoythemomentcomfortably.Asdaylightfadedrapidly,theskyturneddarkinjustminutes.____18____.Shanghaiwasplungedintosuddendarknessduringwhat’sbelievedtobethelongesttotalsolareclipseofthe21stcentury.Itlasted6minutesand39seconds—farlongerthantheaverage2to3minutesofmosttotalsolareclipses.Totalsolareclipsesofsuchanextendeddurationareextremelyrare.____19____.ShaoZhenyi,anastronomerattheShanghaiAstronomicalObservatory,explained:“We’llhavetowaitseveralhundredyearsforanotherchancetoseeasolareclipsethislong,sothisreallyisaonce-in-a-lifetimeopportunity.”Butwhilepeoplenowcelebratethisphenomenon,totaleclipsesweren’talwaysseenastreasures.Inmanytraditionalcultures,theywereregardedasbadomensorsupernaturalevents.____20____.Othersbelievedtheeclipsesignaledupcomingdisasterslikefloodsordroughts.Today,theseoldfearsandsuperstitionshavefaded-whendaylightreturnedtoShanghaiandotherAsiancities,loudcheersandapplausefilledtheair.Reflectingontheexperience,oneShanghairesidentsaiditfelt“horrible”,whileanotherlaughedandadded,“It’slikemagic—dayturnstonightsofast.Ifeltabitdisoriented.”A.Itfeelslikeadifferentworld.B.Theyareaonce-in-a-lifetimeexperienceformostpeople.C.Thosewhocametowatchwerefarfromdisappointed.D.SomebelievedevilgodswereswallowingtheSun.E.Peopleweremorescaredthanexcitedbytheunusualsight.F.AtotalsolareclipseformswhentheSun,MoonandEarthlineupperfectly.G.Thesuddendarknesseventriggeredstreetlightstoturnonautomatically.【答案】16.F17.C18.G19.B20.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報道，主要講述近期亞洲數(shù)百萬民眾觀測到21世紀持續(xù)時間最長的日全食，介紹了日食的形成、觀測場景、罕見性，以及古今人們對日食認知的變化?！?6題詳析】上文“AcrossAsia,millionsofpeoplerecentlygatheredtowitnessthebreathtakingnaturalwonderofatotalsolareclipse.(最近，亞洲各地數(shù)百萬民眾聚集在一起，目睹日全食這一令人驚嘆的自然奇觀)”引出“日全食”這一現(xiàn)象，下文“Atthistime,theMooncoverstheSunentirely,turningdaydarkforashortwhile.(此時，月球完全遮住太陽，使白天短暫變暗)”描述日全食的狀態(tài)，空格處需銜接“日全食的定義或形成條件。選項F“當太陽、月球和地球完美排成一條直線時，日全食就形成了”，既解釋了日全食的形成原理，又承接上下文對“日全食”的介紹，邏輯連貫。故選F?！?7題詳析】上文“WhenitreachedcitiesineasternChinayesterday,crowdspouredintostreets,parksandrooftops—someevenarrivedhoursearlytosecuregoodviewingspots.(昨天當它到達中國東部城市時，人群涌入街道、公園和屋頂——有些人甚至提前幾個小時到達，以搶占好的觀測位置)”描述人們?yōu)橛^測日食做的準備，下文“Thescenewasbreathtaking(景象令人驚嘆)”及后續(xù)內(nèi)容具體描繪觀測場景，空格處需體現(xiàn)“人們的準備沒有白費，觀測體驗很好”。選項C“前來觀看的人們絲毫沒有失望”，既回應了上文人們的期待，又引出下文令人驚嘆的觀測場景，符合語境。故選C?！?8題詳析】上文“Asdaylightfadedrapidly,theskyturneddarkinjustminutes.(隨著日光迅速消退，天空在幾分鐘內(nèi)就變黑了)”描述日食帶來的黑暗，下文“Shanghaiwasplungedintosuddendarknessduringwhat’sbelievedtobethelongesttotalsolareclipseofthe21stcentury.(在這場被認為是21世紀持續(xù)時間最長的日全食期間，上海突然陷入黑暗)”進一步強調(diào)黑暗的突然性，空格處需補充“黑暗帶來的具體影響”。選項G“突如其來的黑暗甚至觸發(fā)了路燈自動亮起”，通過“路燈自動亮起”這一細節(jié)，具體展現(xiàn)黑暗的程度，銜接上下文對“黑暗”的描述，符合邏輯。故選G。【19題詳析】上文“Totalsolareclipsesofsuchanextendeddurationareextremelyrare.(如此長時間的日全食極為罕見)”強調(diào)日食的罕見性，下文“ShaoZhenyi,anastronomerattheShanghaiAstronomicalObservatory,

explained:‘We’llhavetowaitseveralhundredyearsforanotherchancetoseeasolareclipsethislong,sothisreallyisaonce-in-a-lifetimeopportunity.’(上海天文臺的天文學家，邵振益解釋說：“我們要等幾百年才能再有機會看到這么長時間的日食，所以這真的是一生一次的機會。”)”引用天文學家的話佐證其罕見性，空格處需承接“罕見性”并引出下文的解釋。選項B“對大多數(shù)人來說，它們是一生一次的經(jīng)歷”，既呼應上文“極為罕見”，又與下文“一生一次的機會”相呼應，銜接自然。故選B?！?0題詳析】上文“Inmanytraditionalcultures,theywereregardedasbadomensorsupernaturalevents.(在許多傳統(tǒng)文化中，它們被視為不祥之兆或超自然現(xiàn)象)”指出古代人們對日食的負面認知，下文“Othersbelievedtheeclipsesignaledupcomingdisasterslikefloodsordroughts.(另一些人認為日食預示著即將到來的災難，如洪水或干旱)”用Othersbelieved列舉一種認知，空格處需用Somebelieved列舉另一種相關(guān)認知。選項D“一些人認為邪惡的神靈正在吞噬太陽”，以Somebelieved開頭，與下文Othersbelieved形成“一些人……另一些人……”的并列結(jié)構(gòu)，且內(nèi)容符合“不祥之兆或超自然現(xiàn)象的范疇，符合語境。故選D。第三部分：語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Oneday,Irushedthroughabusystreet,tiredandstressed.Thecity’snoiseandcrowdswere____21____.Withalongto-dolist,Ifeltconstantlyshortoftime.Waitingatacrosswalk,Inoticedanoldmanbesideme.Hiscoatwasworn,buthisface____22____withabrightsmilethatlitupthestreet.Icouldn’thelpstaring.Whenthelightchanged,wecrossedtogether.Heturnedandsaid,“Beautifulday,isn’tit?”Hisvoicewasgentleand____23____ofwarmth.Surprised,Iforcedasmile:“Yes,itis.”Hechattedon,talkingoflovinglife’slittlethings—thesunlight____24____onleaves,morningbirdsong.Hissimplewordsmademepause.IrealizedI’dbeenso____25____upinworriesthatI’dforgottentonoticebeauty.He’dlivedhere40years.“Everyseasonhascharm,”hesaid,pointingtoamaple.“Autumnleavesturnredlikefire—you____26____missitifrushing.”Inodded,realizingI’dpassedithundredsoftimesbutnever____27____itscolorchanges.Parting,hesmiled:“Asmilechangesaday.Shareit,anditmight____28____theworldtoo.”Heleftmedeepinthought.Thatencounter____29____meprofoundly.Itshowedthepowerofasmile.Infast-pacedlives,weforgetkindnesstostrangers,focusedongoalsand____30____chancestobrightenothers’days.Sofromthatdayon,Imadea/an____31____decisiontosmilemoreoften.Asmileiscommunication—breakingbarriers,easingtension,____32____happiness.Itliftedothers—andme,____33____amorepositivelife.NowIwalkwithoutrushing,noticingsunlightandchildren’slaughter.Life’sbeautylies____34____small,ordinarymoments—oneswe____35____whentoobusychasingthenextthing.21.A.unpredictable B.unbearable C.unnoticeable D.unfavorable22.A.shone B.froze C.relaxed D.trembled23.A.afraid B.full C.proud D.short24.A.standing B.burning C.dancing D.shaking25.A.involved B.tied C.wrapped D.locked26.A.must B.need C.should D.might27.A.admired B.ignored C.doubted D.forgot28.A.enter B.ruin C.change D.leave29.A.affected B.confused C.amused D.annoyed30.A.seize B.miss C.create D.take31.A.random B.detailed C.aimless D.intentional32.A.controlling B.hiding C.reducing D.spreading33.A.unlocking B.untying C.understanding D.uncovering34.A.at B.during C.in D.from35.A.treasure B.ignore C.celebrate D.create【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.C25.C26.D27.A28.C29.A30.B31.D32.D33.A34.C35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。通過描述作者與老人的邂逅，傳遞作者對生活態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：城市的噪音和擁擠不堪令人難以忍受。A.unpredictable不可預測的；B.unbearable難以忍受的；C.unnoticeable不易察覺的；D.unfavorable不利的。根據(jù)前文“Oneday,Irushedthroughabusystreet,tiredandstressed.”可知，作者疲憊不堪，壓力很大，所以應是覺得城市的噪音和擁擠不堪令人難以忍受。故選B項?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他的外套皺巴巴的，但他臉上洋溢著燦爛的笑容，照亮了整條街。A.shone發(fā)光；B.froze凍結(jié)；C.relaxed放松；D.trembled顫抖。根據(jù)后文“thatlitupthestreet”可知，照亮了整條街，所以是臉上洋溢著燦爛的笑容。故選A項?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的聲音溫柔而溫暖。A.afraid害怕的；B.full滿的；C.proud驕傲的；D.short短的。根據(jù)后文“ofwarmth”可知