專題05時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)目錄目錄學(xué)考要求速覽必備知識梳理高頻考點(diǎn)精講考點(diǎn)一：英語?？嫉臅r(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn)二：被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法進(jìn)階分級練必備知識梳理 1點(diǎn)二：集合間的基本關(guān)系 4考點(diǎn)四：充分條件與必要條件 6考點(diǎn)五：全稱量詞與存在量詞 7實(shí)戰(zhàn)能力訓(xùn)練 高考英語對時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)的考查以“語境為核心、基礎(chǔ)為重點(diǎn)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)語法知識在語篇中的實(shí)用價(jià)值。從考查范圍來看，核心聚焦一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)等高頻時(shí)態(tài)，同時(shí)融合被動(dòng)語態(tài)與主謂一致的綜合運(yùn)用。要求考生不僅需熟記各時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成規(guī)則與時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞（如一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的“often”“everyday”，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的“sofar”“recently”），更要掌握被動(dòng)語態(tài)中“be+過去分詞”的靈活變化，能根據(jù)主語與謂語的邏輯關(guān)系精準(zhǔn)判斷語態(tài)形式。在命題形式與考查載體上，時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)主要通過語法填空題型進(jìn)行檢測，且占該題型總分值的20%30%，是核心必考點(diǎn)之一。題目依托說明文、記敘文等語篇設(shè)置，選材多貼近生活場景、文化傳承或科技發(fā)展等話題。命題摒棄孤立的語法記憶考查，轉(zhuǎn)而強(qiáng)調(diào)上下文邏輯的連貫性，需考生通過分析語篇中的時(shí)間線索、動(dòng)作關(guān)系及情感態(tài)度，實(shí)現(xiàn)時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)的精準(zhǔn)匹配。從能力要求與命題趨勢來看，高考更注重時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)與其他語法點(diǎn)的融合運(yùn)用及語境推理能力。近年真題中，同一語篇常同時(shí)涉及時(shí)態(tài)判斷、被動(dòng)語態(tài)及主謂一致，也隱含主謂一致規(guī)則。預(yù)計(jì)未來仍將以語法填空為主要形式，重點(diǎn)考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的語態(tài)及時(shí)態(tài)辨析，同時(shí)增加長難句中的語法拆解要求，強(qiáng)調(diào)“語法服務(wù)于語篇”的核心導(dǎo)向，需考生在夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)的同時(shí)，提升語境分析與知識整合能力?？键c(diǎn)一：英語?？嫉臅r(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)是高考英語語法的核心考點(diǎn)，貫穿聽力、單選、完形填空、語法填空和書面表達(dá)等題型。以下是高考學(xué)考中最?？嫉?種時(shí)態(tài)。一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（SimplePresentTense）1.基本概念表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，或客觀事實(shí)、真理，也可用于描述當(dāng)前的狀態(tài)或特征。2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)主語（第一、二人稱/復(fù)數(shù)）+動(dòng)詞原形主語（第三人稱單數(shù)）+動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式（如：work→works，teach→teaches）3.標(biāo)記詞語always（總是）、usually（通常）、often（經(jīng)常）、sometimes（有時(shí)）、everyday/week/month（每天/周/月）、onceaweek（一周一次）等。例句：Wegotoschoolat7:30everymorning.（我們每天早上7點(diǎn)半去上學(xué)?！砹?xí)慣性動(dòng)作）Theearthgoesaroundthesun.（地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)?！砜陀^真理）Sheisgoodatplayingthepiano.（她擅長彈鋼琴。——表當(dāng)前狀態(tài)）二、一般過去時(shí)（SimplePastTense）1.基本概念表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，動(dòng)作通常已結(jié)束，不與現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生聯(lián)系?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)主語+動(dòng)詞過去式（如：play→played，eat→ate，see→saw）3.標(biāo)記詞語yesterday（昨天）、lastnight/week/year（昨晚/上周/去年）、justnow（剛才）、in2020（在2020年）、twodaysago（兩天前）等。例句：Hefinishedhishomeworkat9o'clocklastnight.（他昨晚9點(diǎn)完成了作業(yè)?！磉^去特定時(shí)間的動(dòng)作）TheywereinBeijingthreeyearsago.（三年前他們在北京?！磉^去的狀態(tài)）三、一般將來時(shí)（SimpleFutureTense）1.基本概念表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間會發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，或計(jì)劃、打算做某事?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)will+動(dòng)詞原形（所有人稱通用，表客觀將來或臨時(shí)決定）begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形（be隨主語變化，表計(jì)劃、打算或有跡象要發(fā)生的事）3.標(biāo)記詞語tomorrow（明天）、nextweek/month（下周/月）、inthefuture（在將來）、soon（很快）、thisafternoon（今天下午）等。例句：WewillvisittheGreatWallnextmonth.（下個(gè)月我們將參觀長城。——表計(jì)劃好的將來動(dòng)作）Itisgoingtorain—lookatthedarkclouds.（天要下雨了——看那些烏云?！碛雄E象的將來）Hewillhelpyouifyouaskhim.（如果你求他，他會幫你的?！?xiàng)l件下的將來）四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（PresentContinuousTense）1.基本概念表示此時(shí)此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，或當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（說話時(shí)未必正在做）?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)主語+am/is/are+動(dòng)詞ing形式（如：read→reading，run→running）3.標(biāo)記詞語now（現(xiàn)在）、atthemoment（此刻）、look（看）、listen（聽）等；無標(biāo)志詞時(shí)需結(jié)合語境判斷“當(dāng)前進(jìn)行”。例句：Listen!Someoneissinginginthenextroom.（聽！有人在隔壁房間唱歌?！藭r(shí)此刻的動(dòng)作）SheislearningFrenchthisterm.（這學(xué)期她正在學(xué)法語?！?dāng)前一段時(shí)間的動(dòng)作）Myfatherisworkinginhisofficenow.（我爸爸現(xiàn)在正在他的辦公室工作。——此時(shí)此刻的狀態(tài)）五、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)（PastContinuousTense）1.基本概念表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或時(shí)間段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常與一般過去時(shí)搭配，描述“過去某個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，另一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行”?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)主語+was/were+動(dòng)詞ing形式（第一、三人稱單數(shù)用was，復(fù)數(shù)/第二人稱用were）3.標(biāo)記詞語at8o'clocklastnight（昨晚8點(diǎn)）、thistimeyesterday（昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候）、when（當(dāng)……時(shí)，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，從句用一般過去時(shí)）、while（當(dāng)……時(shí)，主從句常均用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)）等。例句：IwaswatchingTVwhenthephonerang.（電話響的時(shí)候，我正在看電視?！半娫掜憽笔沁^去瞬間動(dòng)作，“看電視”是當(dāng)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作）Theywereplayingbasketballthistimeyesterday.（昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候他們正在打籃球?！^去某個(gè)時(shí)間段的進(jìn)行動(dòng)作）Whilemymotherwascooking,myfatherwascleaningtheroom.（我媽媽做飯的時(shí)候，我爸爸正在打掃房間?！^去同時(shí)進(jìn)行的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作）六、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（PresentPerfectTense）1.基本概念表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作/狀態(tài)（常與“for+時(shí)間段”“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)”連用）?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)主語+have/has+動(dòng)詞過去分詞（第一、二人稱/復(fù)數(shù)用have，第三人稱單數(shù)用has；如：eat→eaten，write→written）3.標(biāo)記詞語already（已經(jīng)，肯定句）、yet（還，否定句/疑問句）、just（剛剛）、ever（曾經(jīng)）、never（從未）、fortwoyears（兩年了）、since2019（自從2019年以來）、sofar（到目前為止）等。例句：Ihavefinishedmyhomework,soIcanwatchTVnow.（我已經(jīng)做完作業(yè)了，所以現(xiàn)在可以看電視了?！^去動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在的影響）HehaslivedinShanghaisincehewas10yearsold.（他從10歲起就住在上海了?！^去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)）HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?（你曾經(jīng)去過北京嗎？——詢問過去經(jīng)歷對現(xiàn)在的影響）七、過去完成時(shí)（PastPerfectTense）1.基本概念表示在過去某個(gè)動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，即“過去的過去”，常與一般過去時(shí)搭配，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的先后順序?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)主語+had+動(dòng)詞過去分詞（所有人稱通用，如：leave→left→hadleft）3.標(biāo)記詞語bythetime（到……時(shí)候?yàn)橹梗?、before（在……之前）、after（在……之后）、until（直到……）等；或通過語境判斷“過去的過去”。例句：BythetimeIgottothestation,thetrainhadleft.（我到車站的時(shí)候，火車已經(jīng)開走了?！盎疖囬_走”是“我到車站”之前的動(dòng)作，即“過去的過去”）Shehadlearned500Englishwordsbeforesheenteredmiddleschool.（她上中學(xué)之前已經(jīng)學(xué)了500個(gè)英語單詞了?！皩W(xué)單詞”在“上中學(xué)”之前，即“過去的過去”）Hetoldmethathehadvisitedthemuseumtwice.（他告訴我他已經(jīng)去過那個(gè)博物館兩次了?！皡⒂^博物館”在“告訴”之前，即“過去的過去”）八、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)（PresentPerfectContinuousTense）1.基本概念表示從過去開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且仍在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的“持續(xù)性”和“未完成性”?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)主語+have/has+been+動(dòng)詞ing形式（have/has的用法同現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）3.標(biāo)記詞語since（自從）、for（持續(xù)……時(shí)間）、allday（一整天）、recently（最近）等，強(qiáng)調(diào)“持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在”。例句：ShehasbeenstudyingEnglishfor3hours.Sheisstilltired.（她已經(jīng)學(xué)了3個(gè)小時(shí)英語了，現(xiàn)在還很累?！?jiǎng)幼鞒掷m(xù)到現(xiàn)在，仍在進(jìn)行）Ithasbeenrainingsincelastnight.Thegroundisstillwet.（從昨晚開始就一直在下雨，地面現(xiàn)在還是濕的。——?jiǎng)幼鞒掷m(xù)到現(xiàn)在，未完成）Theyhavebeenworkingonthisprojectrecently.（最近他們一直在做這個(gè)項(xiàng)目?！?dāng)前一段時(shí)間持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作）考點(diǎn)二：被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法一、語態(tài)的基本概念英語語態(tài)（Voice）是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，用于表示主語與謂語動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系，分為兩種核心類型：主動(dòng)語態(tài)（ActiveVoice）和被動(dòng)語態(tài)（PassiveVoice）。主動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者（即“誰做了某事”），句子結(jié)構(gòu)更簡潔，是日常表達(dá)的主要形式。被動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語是動(dòng)作的承受者（即“某事被誰做了”），強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果或承受者，常省略動(dòng)作發(fā)出者（by短語）。二、主動(dòng)語態(tài)：結(jié)構(gòu)與例句1.基本結(jié)構(gòu)主語（動(dòng)作發(fā)出者）+謂語動(dòng)詞（主動(dòng)形式）+賓語（動(dòng)作承受者）（時(shí)態(tài)通過謂語動(dòng)詞變化體現(xiàn)，如一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)等）2.?？紩r(shí)態(tài)的主動(dòng)語態(tài)舉例時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)例句（英文）譯文一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語+do/doesShecleanstheclassroomeveryday.她每天打掃教室。（主語“她”是“打掃”的發(fā)出者）一般過去時(shí)主語+didHefinishedhishomeworklastnight.他昨晚完成了作業(yè)。（主語“他”是“完成”的發(fā)出者）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)主語+am/is/are+doingTheyareplantingtreesintheparknow.他們現(xiàn)在正在公園里種樹。（主語“他們”是“種植”的發(fā)出者）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)主語+was/were+doingp.m.sreadinganovelat8p.m.yesterday.昨天晚上8點(diǎn)我正在看一本小說。（主語“我”是“閱讀”的發(fā)出者）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主語+have/has+doneWehavelearned2000Englishwordssofar.到目前為止，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了2000個(gè)英語單詞。（主語“我們”是“學(xué)習(xí)”的發(fā)出者）三、被動(dòng)語態(tài)：核心考點(diǎn)1.基本結(jié)構(gòu)主語（動(dòng)作承受者）+be動(dòng)詞+過去分詞（done）+（by+動(dòng)作發(fā)出者）（be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)需根據(jù)語境變化，過去分詞永遠(yuǎn)不變）2.?？紩r(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)舉例時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)例句（英文）譯文一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/are+doneTheclassroomiscleanedeveryday(byher).教室每天都被（她）打掃。（強(qiáng)調(diào)“教室”被打掃的結(jié)果）一般過去時(shí)was/were+doneThehomeworkwasfinishedlastnight(byhim).作業(yè)昨晚被（他）完成了。（強(qiáng)調(diào)“作業(yè)”被完成的結(jié)果）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+being+doneTreesarebeingplantedintheparknow(bythem).現(xiàn)在公園里正在種樹（被他們種）。（強(qiáng)調(diào)“樹”正在被種植的過程）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+being+donep.m.velwasbeingreadbymeat8p.m.yesterday.昨天晚上8點(diǎn)，一本小說正在被我閱讀。（強(qiáng)調(diào)“小說”被閱讀的過程）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+been+done2000Englishwordshavebeenlearnedbyussofar.到目前為止，2000個(gè)英語單詞已經(jīng)被我們學(xué)會了。（強(qiáng)調(diào)“單詞”被學(xué)會的結(jié)果）一般將來時(shí)willbe+done/am/is/aregoingtobedoneThemeetingwillbeheldtomorrow(bytheteacher).會議明天將被（老師）召開。（強(qiáng)調(diào)“會議”被召開的計(jì)劃）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can/may/must等）+be+doneThisproblemcanbesolvedeasily(byyou).這個(gè)問題（被你）很容易解決。（強(qiáng)調(diào)“問題”被解決的可能性）3.被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊用法（1）省略“by+動(dòng)作發(fā)出者”的情況：當(dāng)動(dòng)作發(fā)出者不明確、不重要或無需強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)（高考中90%的被動(dòng)句會省略）。例：RiceisgrowninthesouthofChina.（中國南方種植水稻。無需強(qiáng)調(diào)“誰種”，重點(diǎn)在“水稻被種植”）（2）主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的固定搭配：某些動(dòng)詞（如look,sound,taste,feel,smell）或短語（如beworthdoing,needdoing）雖用主動(dòng)形式，但表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。例1：Thedishtastesdelicious.（這道菜嘗起來很美味?！皌aste”主動(dòng)表“被品嘗”的結(jié)果）例2：Thebookisworthreading.（這本書值得一讀?！皉eading”主動(dòng)表“被讀”的含義）（3）不及物動(dòng)詞無被動(dòng)語態(tài)：如happen（發(fā)生）、appear（出現(xiàn)）、disappear（消失）、arrive（到達(dá)）等，因無賓語，無法構(gòu)成“承受者”，故不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。錯(cuò)誤：Acaraccidentwashappenedyesterday.（×）正確：Acaraccidenthappenedyesterday.（昨天發(fā)生了一場車禍。）四、主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則：把主動(dòng)句的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語；把主動(dòng)句的謂語動(dòng)詞變?yōu)椤癰e+過去分詞”（時(shí)態(tài)不變）；把主動(dòng)句的主語變?yōu)椤癰y+主語”（可省略，若主語是代詞，需從主格變賓格，如I→byme）。例句：主動(dòng)句：Shewritesalettereveryweek.（她每周寫一封信。）被動(dòng)句：Aletteriswritten(byher)everyweek.（一封信每周被（她）寫。）主動(dòng)句：Theywillbuildanewschoolnextyear.（他們明年將建一所新學(xué)校。）被動(dòng)句：Anewschoolwillbebuilt(bythem)nextyear.（一所新學(xué)校明年將被（他們）建造。）考點(diǎn)精講講練考點(diǎn)一：英語?？嫉臅r(shí)態(tài)1．—Overthepast60years,China’shighspeedrailway______fast.—That’strue.TheprojectofJinanZhengzhouHighspeedRailway______bytheendofthisyear.A．hasdeveloped;willbepleted B．isdeveloping;willpleteC．hasdeveloped;willplete D．isdeveloping;willbepleted【答案】A【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：——60年來，中國高速鐵路發(fā)展迅速?！@是真的。濟(jì)鄭高鐵項(xiàng)目將于今年年底竣工。分析句子可知，第一空由Overthepast60years可知，這里時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；第二空Theproject與plete為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，再由bytheendofthisyear可知，這里時(shí)態(tài)可用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選A項(xiàng)。2．—Iknowyourfather______toalotofcities,butwhataboutyourmother?—Mymother?She______toJinanthedayaftertomorrow.A．hasgone;went B．hasbeen;willgoC．hasgone;goes D．hasbeen;hasgone【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——我知道你父親去過很多城市，但是你母親呢？——我媽媽嗎？她后天要去濟(jì)南。第一空為謂語動(dòng)詞，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地，人已經(jīng)回來”，應(yīng)使用havebeento，而havegoneto表示“到某地去了，在路上或者已經(jīng)到達(dá)那里”，該句表示的是曾經(jīng)去過某地，所以使用havebeento，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，所以使用hasbeen；第二空為謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語thedayaftertomorrow，此處使用一般將來時(shí)，所以謂語動(dòng)詞為willgo。故選B項(xiàng)。3．—MissHu,Ihaven’tseenyouforalongtime.—Yes.I________asavolunteernurseinShanghaiforamonth.Icamebackyesterday.A．worked B．a(chǎn)mworkingC．haveworked D．work【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——胡小姐，我很久沒見到你了?！堑?。我在上海做了一個(gè)月的志愿護(hù)士。我昨天回來的。根據(jù)“Icamebackyesterday.”可知，這里作為志愿者護(hù)士的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，所以用一般過去時(shí)。故選A。4．—Whencanyoufinishyourreport?—Don’tbeworried.I______itby5o’clockthisafternoon.A．willhavepleted B．willbepletingC．havepleted D．willplete【答案】A【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——你什么時(shí)候能完成你的報(bào)告？——?jiǎng)e擔(dān)心。我將在今天下午五點(diǎn)鐘之前完成它。A.willhavepleted將已經(jīng)完成（將來完成時(shí)，表示到將來某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)將已完成的動(dòng)作；B.willbepleting將在完成（將來進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示將來某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作）；C.havepleted已經(jīng)完成（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，對現(xiàn)在有影響）；D.willplete將要完成（一般將來時(shí)，表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作）。根據(jù)“by5o’clockthisafternoon”，到今天下午五點(diǎn)鐘這個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)前，報(bào)告會被完成，因此需要使用將來完成時(shí)態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)到那個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成的結(jié)果。故選A。5．Johnsaidhe________thereat8o’clock,buthedidn’tewhenwegotthere.A．willbe B．won’tbe C．wouldbe D．wouldnotbe【答案】C【解析】考查過去將來時(shí)。句意：約翰說他8點(diǎn)鐘到那兒，但我們到那兒時(shí)他沒有來。結(jié)合語境可知，賓語從句的動(dòng)作在當(dāng)時(shí)尚未發(fā)生，從句時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用將來時(shí)，再結(jié)合“said”可知，主句使用一般過去時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用過去將來時(shí)，可排除A和B項(xiàng)，且根據(jù)“buthedidn’tewhenwegotthere”可知，約翰說的是“他8點(diǎn)鐘到那兒”。故選C。1．Attheongoinginternationaltechnologyconference,manyaresearchteam______innovativesolutionstoglobalenergychallenges.A．a(chǎn)representing B．ispresenting C．waspresenting D．werepresenting2．—Youshouldn’thaveletyourdaughterehomealonelateatnight.—Youareright.Luckily,she________herfriendsonthewayhome.A．hasmet B．hadmet C．met D．wouldmeet3．Iwon’ttellthestudenttheanswertotheproblemuntilhe______onitformorethananhour.A．hadworked B．hasbeenworking C．willhaveworked D．willhavebeenworking4．It______heavilyalldayandwehavenooptionbuttocancelthemeeting.A．israining B．hasbeenrainingC．willberaining D．wasraining5．Ifirstreadthefashionmagazineoveradecadeagoand_________toitsince.A．subscribed B．hadsubscribedC．havesubscribed D．wassubscribing6．—Hey!Kate,whataboutyourlastwintercampinHainan?—Oh!It_________somesweetmemoriesinmyheartinthepastseveralmonths.A．leaves B．isleaving C．hasleft D．willleave7．Julia_________everydayandherschooldaybeginswithmorning_________.A．exercise;exercise B．exercises;exerciseC．exercise;exercises D．exercises;exercises8．Notuntilhewentabroadtofurtherhisstudy_______theimportanceofEnglish.A．hashefound B．hehasfoundC．didhefind D．hehadfound9．—Ididn’tgobacktomyhometownforSpringFestivalbecauseofCOVID19.—_________.ThisisthemostspecialfestivalthatI_________.A．SodidI;spent B．NeitherdidI;havespentC．NeitherdidI;spent D．Soitis;havespent10．—Wasitin2003______theChineseastronautsucceededinlandingonthemoon?—Yes.We______beproudofitthen.A．when;do B．that;do C．which;did D．that;did考點(diǎn)二：被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法1．Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,asoneofthebestallroundformsofexercise.A．isregarded B．regard C．a(chǎn)reregarded D．regards【答案】A【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：現(xiàn)在騎自行車，慢跑和游泳被認(rèn)為是最好的全面鍛煉方式之一?？仗幨蔷渥拥闹^語動(dòng)詞，句子描述客觀事實(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，動(dòng)詞regard與主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，beregardedas???意為“被認(rèn)為是……”。alongwith連接前后兩個(gè)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與前者保持一致，即謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)和cycling一致，應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式，空處應(yīng)填isregarded。故選A。2．Atpresent,yoga,alongwithdeepbreathingexercisesandTaichi,______oneofthemostbeneficialactivitiesforhealthandwellness.A．wasconsidered B．isconsidered C．wereconsidered D．a(chǎn)reconsidered【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：目前，瑜伽與深呼吸練習(xí)和太極一起被認(rèn)為是對健康最有益的活動(dòng)之一。設(shè)空處使用動(dòng)詞作謂語，根據(jù)前文的atpresent可知，此處表示客觀事實(shí)，同時(shí)句子的主語為yoga為單數(shù)，其與consider之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選B。3．—Alice,whyaren’tyouatworktoday?—Iadayoff.A．havegiven B．havebeengiven C．gave D．wasgiven【答案】B【解析】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：——愛麗絲，你今天怎么沒來上班？——我請了一天假。此處描述動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，但對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生結(jié)果或影響，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。begivenadayoff意為“請一天假”，為被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選B。1．Anewsciencemuseum______inourcity,anditisexpectedtoopennextmonth.A．builds B．hasbuiltC．built D．isbeingbuilt2．Theyoungman______anexplanationasecondtime,buthewasstillatalosstoknowhowtoaddresstheproblem.A．gave B．hadgiven C．hasbeengiven D．hadbeengiven3．Currently,almost50percentofjobs,includingjournalism,______withtechnologythatcanoperateautomatically.A．hasbeenreplacing B．isbeingreplaced C．havebeenreplacing D．a(chǎn)rebeingreplaced4．Helenhasbeentakentotheheadmaster’sandshe________aboutwhathappenedintheirdormitorylastnight.A．questioned B．wasbeingquestionedC．hadquestioned D．isbeingquestioned5．Theprofessor,aswellasalargernumberofstudents,_______theprogram,whichwillbecarriedoutthissummer.A．wasattractedto B．wereattractedtoC．hasbeenattractedto D．havebeenattractedto訓(xùn)練一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．—Alice,whyaren’tyouatworktoday?—Iadayoff.A．havegiven B．havebeengiven C．gave D．wasgiven2．Whenrebuildingtheancientcityaftertheearthquake,thelocalgovernmentmadesurethattheoriginalculturesandarchitecture__________carefullypreserved.A．a(chǎn)re B．were C．havebeen D．hadbeen3．Overtheyearsmostofhissongs________andplayedineverypossibleway—fromjazztocountry.A．a(chǎn)rebeingsing B．havebeensung C．weresinging D．hadbeensung4．There’salotofwindinNorthChina.Well,moretrees______everyyeartostopthewind.A．beplanted B．shouldplant C．shouldbeplanted D．canplant5．Totheteacher’sanger,thesillyquestions______bythisstudentmanytimesuptonow.A．hasbeenasked B．havebeenasked C．wasasked D．a(chǎn)sk6．Thelocalhealthorganizationisreported________twentyfiveyearsagowhenDr.Audubonbecameitsfirstpresident.A．tobesetup B．beingsetup C．tohavebeensetup D．havingbeensetup7．LindaaswellashertwoclosefriendsintouniversitiesinBeijinglastyear.A．wasadmitted B．wereadmittedC．hasbeenadmitted D．hadbeenadmitted8．It’samazingthattheoceancontains99%ofthelivingspaceontheplanetandyetlessthan10%ofthatspace________byhumansuptonow.A．hasbeenexplored B．isbeingexplored C．havebeenexplored D．a(chǎn)rebeingexplored9．Theformerministerwasfinallyfoundinnocent,althoughhe________ofallowingfalserumourtospreadbeforetheelection.A．wasaccused B．hadbeenaccusedC．hasbeenaccused D．wouldbeaccused10．Theissue________atthismomentyesterdaybythepany’smanagers.A．wasbeingdiscussed B．isbeingdiscussedC．haddiscussed D．wasdiscussing11．______?Yes,abitcold,though.A．Freezing,isn'tit B．Niceday,isn'titC．Badweather,don'tyouthink D．Coldweather,isn'tit12．Ifsomethingyou,youmayaskherforhelp.A．worries B．happens C．worry D．worried13．IfJimfreetomorrow,IwillaskTomtogoinstead.A．doesn’tbe B．isn’t C．won’t D．won’tbe14．Apublicpany________thepossibilityofjoiningthetwodepartments.A．islookingup B．werelookingup C．islookinginto D．werelookinginto15．Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasefastenyourseatbelts.Theplane________.A．takesoff B．tookoff C．istakingoff D．hastakenoff16．NowadaysthegrowthoffooddeliveryappsinChina______thecountrywithtakeoutcontainersandplasticbags.A．havedrowned B．hasbeendrowned C．isdrowning D．a(chǎn)redrowned17．—HowdoyoufindApple?—I’malittleworried.It________itsshareinChinesemobilemarketwithourdomesticbrandssuchasHuaweispeedinguptheirdevelopment.A．islosing B．waslosing C．wouldlose D．hadlost18．Shadowpuppets______inChinaand______asfarasTurkeyandGreecetoday.A．willoriginate;havebeenspreading B．originate;willbespreadingC．wasoriginated;isspreading D．originated;havespread19．She________thattheglasswouldbreakwhileopeningthewindow.A．hasfrightened B．wasfrightened C．frightened D．hadfrightened20．Thestudentsspentasmuchtimegettingtrainedasthey______studying.A．disliked B．were C．had D．did21．—What’sup?Youdidn’tpickupmyphonejustnow.—I’msorrythatI______thefootballgamewithmychildren,butit’sdonenow.A．waswatching B．watch C．watched D．a(chǎn)mwatching22．Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomeworkyet.I______mymotherinthekitchenalldayyesterday.A．havebeenhelping B．washelping C．hadhelped D．havehelped23．ThistimeyesterdayJack_________hisbike.A．isrepairing B．wasrepairing C．repairs D．repaired24．Ashehasbeeninaterriblestateofmindthesedays,onnoaccount_____succeedintheingEnglishspeechpetition.A．hashe B．doeshe C．willhe D．hewill25．There______anEnglishEveningnextTuesday.A．was B．willbe C．willhave D．isgoingtohave26．—Doyouknowifhe________toplaybasketballwithus?—Ithinkhewilleifhe________freetomorrow.A．es;is B．es;wille C．wille;is D．wille;wille27．—Haveyoudecidedwhichuniversityareyougoingtoapplyfor?—Notyet.BeforeImakethefinaldecision,I______itwithmyparentsandmyteachers.A．discuss B．discussed C．wasdiscussing D．willdiscuss28．Let’skeeptothepointorwe__________anydecisions.A．willneverreach B．haveneverreachedC．neverreach D．neverreached29．Theputersmadebyourpanysellwell,butseveralyearsagonoonecouldimaginetheroleinthemarketthatthey________．A．hasplayed B．weretoplay C．hadplayed D．played30．Hundredsofpeoplespentgoodmoneyonanexperiencethattheyknew______crowds,disfortanddanger.A．include B．willincludeC．included D．wouldinclude31．—Couldyouattendthelectureaboutcitydevelopmenttomorrowafternoon?—Sorry,I______toParisforaChinesesilkexhibitionthen.A．willbeflying B．willflyC．fly D．a(chǎn)mflying32．Accordingtothedoctor,thistimenextweek,I_______aroundasnormalandthecutonmyfoot_______pletely.A．a(chǎn)mwalking,healed B．willbewalking,willhavehealedC．walks,isgoingtoheal D．havebeenwalking,heals33．—IknowyoutoChinamanyyearsago.AndhowlonghaveyouinChina?—Idon’trememberitexactly.A．e;live B．came;e C．e;e D．came;lived34．Recentyears______asignificantincreaseintheuseofAIacrossdifferentaspectsofhumanlife.A．saw B．see C．a(chǎn)reseeing D．haveseen35．Nearlyseventeencenturies________beforethecityofPompeiiwasdugfromitssilentrestingplace.A．hasrolledaway B．hadrolledaway C．rolledaway D．wasrollingaway36．—Ireallyshouldn’thavebeensorudeandlostmytemper.but...I______youtoholdbackyouranger,but...A．havereminded B．hadreminded C．wouldremind D．reminded37．Manypeoplerefusedtobelievethatlivingthings,includinghumans,________fromlowerformsoflife.A．evolved B．hadevolved C．haveevolved D．wereevolving38．Iwanttopayavisittomyparents;I_________intheforeigncountryforfivemonthsbynextSunday.A．havebeenstaying B．willhavestayed C．havestayed D．willbestaying39．Sinceitsestablishment,theFlyingTigerHistoricalAssociation______tofriendlyinteractionsbetweentheChineseandAmericanpeople.A．hascontributed B．hasbeencontributing C．contributed D．contributes40．—IhearKatherinewonthefirstprizeintheEnglishSpeechContestheldlastSunday.—Thereisnosurprise.She_________forweeks.A．hasbeenpracticing B．ispracticingC．hadbeenpracticing D．practiced二、語法填空1閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Therearemomentsinlife41youmisssomepeoplesomuchthatyoujustwanttopickthemfromyourdreamsandhugthemforreal!Whenonedoorofhappinesscloses,42opens,butoftenwelooksolongatthecloseddoorthatwedon'tseetheonewhich43(open)forus.Don'tgoforlooks;theycandeceive(欺騙).Don'tgoforwealth;eventhatfadesaway.Goforsomeone44makesyousmilebecauseittakesonlyasmiletomakeadarkdayseembright.Dreamwhatyouwant45(dream);gowhereyouwanttogo;bewhatyouwanttobe.The46(happy)peopledon't47(necessary)havethebestofeverything;theyjustmakethemostofeverythingthat48(e)alongtheirway.Thebrightestfuturewillalwaysbebasedona49(forget)past.Whenyouwereborn,youwerecryingandeveryone50youwassmiling.Liveyourlifesothatwhenyoudie,you'retheonewhoissmilingandeveryonearoundyouiscrying.2閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AgrapeseedthatfallsintothesoilofXinjiangisveryfortunate,asXinjiangis51(well)suitedforgrowinggrapesthananywhereelse.Here,agrapeseedcangrowtoitsfullpotential.52itshighaltitudes(海拔),longperiodsofdryweatherandabundantsunshine,Xinjiangproducesfruitswithextremelyhighsugarcontent.Everyfall,alargenumberofgrapesareshippedfromXinjiangtootherpartsofChina,53therestaremadeintoraisinsforeasystorage.InthevineyardsofMoyu,thankstothehotanddryclimatethatresultsfrombeingsurroundedbythedesert,hugequantitiesoflargeand54(juice)grapeswithverythinskinsareproduced.Thesegrapesbringwealthaswellastheirdelicious55(sweet)tothelocals.InmidSeptember,56theirSeedlessWhitegrapesripen,localfarmersarebusypickinggrapes57(transport)tootherpartsofthecountry.Bunchesofglowingwhitegrapes58(hang)onthevines,waitingtobepicked.Ifyoupickoneandput59inyourmouth,youwillsu