Unit2Bridgingcultures---DiscoveringusefulstructuresBeabletoreviewthefunctionsofnounclausesBeabletounderstandthemeaningofnounclausesindifferentcontextBeabletousenounclausesproperlyinwritingLearningObjectives

Inthisclass,youwillbeableto:1．WhatseemedstrangebeforenowappearsquitenormaltoXieLei.2.WhatsurprisedXieLeiwasthatshefoundherselfspeakingupinclassafterjustafewweeks.3．It'simportantthatXieLeikeepsabalancebetweenherstudiesand

hersociallife.4．Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirst

orsecondlanguage.5．Hertutorexplainedthatshewassupposedtoreadlotsofinformation

tohelpformawiseopinionofherown.6．Thefactthatsheseemedtodevelopnormallywasveryencouraging.主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句。it為形式主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句Lead-in名詞性從句nounclause主語(yǔ)從句subjectclause賓語(yǔ)從句objectclause表語(yǔ)從句predicativeclause同位語(yǔ)從句appositiveclause從句一律保持

陳述語(yǔ)序在主從復(fù)合句中，起名詞作用的各種從句，統(tǒng)稱(chēng)為名詞性從句。根據(jù)名詞性從句在主句中所起的語(yǔ)法作用/所做成分，可分為：Revisiona.及物動(dòng)詞或介詞之后d.句首或句末b.系動(dòng)詞之后①主語(yǔ)從句②賓語(yǔ)從句③表語(yǔ)從句④同位語(yǔ)從句c.名詞之后Revision主語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作主語(yǔ)的從句叫作主語(yǔ)從句含義從屬連詞:that,whether,if連接代詞:who,whoever,whom,whose,what,whatever,which,whichever連接副詞:when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however連接詞注意1.語(yǔ)序問(wèn)題:陳述語(yǔ)序(主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ))2.主謂一致問(wèn)題/3.虛擬語(yǔ)氣問(wèn)題4.It作形式主語(yǔ)的句型SubjectclausePractice1.__________theearthgoesaroundthesunisknowntoall.2.Itisnowonder________hedidn’twanttogo.3._________theywillputoffthemeetinghasn’tbeendecided.4.________wecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.5._________leavestheroomlastshouldturnoffthelights.6.________hedidn’tcomehereisnotcleartoeveryone.7.________issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-world（超凡脫俗的）scenes.ThatthatWhetherWhatWhoeverWhyWhat表語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的從句叫作主語(yǔ)從句含義從屬連詞:that,whether；because,asif/though連接代詞:who,whoever,whom,whose,what,whatever,which,whichever連接副詞:when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however連接詞注意1.語(yǔ)序問(wèn)題:陳述語(yǔ)序(主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ))2.why和because區(qū)別及that3.虛擬語(yǔ)氣問(wèn)題4.asif/though引導(dǎo)的表從PredicativeclausePractice1.【2023年新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ卷】TheyalsoneedtobereadytogiveinterviewsinEnglishwithinternationaljournalists.Thisis______theyneedanEnglishtrainer.2.Thisis_____myfatherhastaughtme---toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.(2018北京)3.Byboatistheonlywaytogethere,whichis________wearrived.4.Heishumorouswhilehisbrotherisserious.That’s________theirdifferencelies.whywhathowwhere01XieLeialsofoundthatmanycountriesincludedstudents’participationinclassaspartofthefinalresult.Idon’tknowwhethertherearemultiplefishinthelake.Wearetalkingaboutwhoshouldgothere.IamsurethatIwillpasstheexam.賓語(yǔ)從句的位置：及物動(dòng)詞之后介詞之后某些形容詞之后賓語(yǔ)從句：從句在句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)成分Objectclause01連詞作用從屬連詞：that(常可省略),whether,if不充當(dāng)成分，that無(wú)意義，常省略；whether/if表“是否”，不能省略，有時(shí)互換。連接代詞：who,what,which,whoever,whatever...疑問(wèn)代詞本身的含義，充當(dāng)“主賓表定”。連接副詞：when,where,why,how疑問(wèn)代詞本身的含義，充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)。Objectclause1.Iwonder________youimproveyourwriting.—Bykeepingadiaryeveryday.2.—Couldyoutellme________Henryis?—Yes,he’sinthelibrary.3.Ibelieve_________AprilisthehottestmonthinThailand.4.AtthattimeIwasnotsure__________hewouldpickmeontimethenextday.5.Idon’tknow________willaccompanyyoutotheconcerttonight.howwherethatwhetherwhoPractice1.形容詞后跟賓語(yǔ)從句的用法只限于少數(shù)形容詞，比如sure,certain,afraid,confident等e.gI’mnotsurewhetherthestudentisstilloccupiedwithhisessay.2.it作形式賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，真正的賓語(yǔ)通常由that引導(dǎo)，并放在句后。e.gWethinkitpossiblethatyoucanfinishtheworktoday.find/feel/think/consider/make等+it+adj./n.+that從句N(xiāo)otice3.表示喜歡、憎惡等心理活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞（詞組）+it+賓語(yǔ)從句e.gIhateitwhenhecallsmeatwork.hate/enjoy/dislike/lovedon’tmind/feellikerelyon/counton（指望）/seeto（照顧）appreciate/take（認(rèn)為）/owe（負(fù)責(zé)）①I(mǎi)’dappreciate______verymuchifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.②Icanputupwiththecrowdedhouse,butIhateit______it’snotclean.itifNoticeDD1.Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedto________winsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace.

(2018天津改)2.Sheaskedme____________Ihadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn’t.(2017天津改)3.Wemustfindout________Karliscoming,sowecanbookaroomforhim.(2015重慶改)whether/ifwhenwhoeverPractice1.Theirfriend,DannyLin,waswaitingattheairport.2.Mr.Smith,ournewteacher,isverykindtous.3.Thenewsthattheyhadwonthebasketballgamesoonspreadthewholeschool.同位語(yǔ)從句,指的是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)同位語(yǔ)的從句，屬于名詞性從句的范疇;同位語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)對(duì)其前面的抽象名詞進(jìn)行解釋,說(shuō)明該抽象名詞的具體內(nèi)容Appositiveclause⑴Ilikeitbecauseofthefactthatitisinformativeanditslanguageisbeautifulandgenuine.⑵ThenewsthattheearthquakehappenedinJapanshockedChineseeverybody.⑶Givemeyourpromisethatyouwillcometoyourpartythisevening⑷TherewasasuggestionthatBrownshouldbedroppedfromtheteam.⑸Theproposalthattheplan(should)bedelayedwillbediscussedtomorrow.

常見(jiàn)的可接同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞有:消息、信息：fact,news可能性：possibility,probability要求：requirement,request建議：suggestion,advice,proposal命令：order,instruction其他：awareness,thought,opinionAppositiveclause引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的連接詞功能例詞從屬連詞

只起連接作用，不充當(dāng)從句中的任何成分。that,whether連接代詞既起連接作用，又在從句中擔(dān)任成分（主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)）。who,what,

whose,which,

whom連接副詞既起連接作用，又在從句中擔(dān)任成分（狀語(yǔ)）。when,where,why,how

Appositiveclause1.Theopinion______learningisalifelongprocesshasbeenexpressedbyeducationexpertsthroughouttheyears.(2019天津改)2.Thequestion_____shouldgiveapresentationhasn’tbeendecidedyet.3.We’lldiscussedtheproblem________thesportsmeetingwillbeholdontime.that

who

whetherPractice1.Yesterday,wordcamethattheywonthefootballgame.2.Athoughtcametomymindthatweshouldhavearest.3.Thefactcan’tbeignoredthatheisanhonestboy.wordthat

thoughtthatfactthat同位語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞可以不緊跟先行詞(抽象名詞)，而被動(dòng)詞隔開(kāi)。注意Wordcamethat…消息傳來(lái)說(shuō)…Newscamethat…消息傳來(lái)說(shuō)…Astorygoesthat…傳說(shuō)…Asayinggoesthat…有一句諺語(yǔ)說(shuō)…常見(jiàn)句式1.分隔式同位語(yǔ)從句的常見(jiàn)句式Notice1.Hissuggestionthatwe(should)haveamapisreasonable.2.Mr.Blackrefusedourrequestthatwe(should)havethreedaysofftoprepareforthecomingexam.3.Thecommandthatameeting(should)beheldbeforetheeventisfromthepresident.2.同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣：當(dāng)名詞為表示命令、建議、要求等詞時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)要用(should)+動(dòng)原。NoticeThenews(that)theytolduscheeredusall.Thenewsthattheywonthecompetitioncheeredusall.3.同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別句子類(lèi)型名詞與前面名詞的關(guān)系連接詞省略同位語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句抽象名詞名詞無(wú)限制，也可是代詞同位關(guān)系：對(duì)名詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明所屬關(guān)系：對(duì)名詞進(jìn)行修飾,加以限定連接作用，不作成分連接作用，賓語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)that不能省略賓that可以省略同位語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句1.Thesuggestion___________heraisedatthemeetingisverygood.2.Thesuggestion____________thestudents(should)haveplentyofexerciseisverygood.(which/that)thatNotice1.Thenewsthattherearenolivesonthemoonisknowntousall.2.Thenewsthatyouheardisnottrue.3.ThefactthattheChinesepeoplearebraveiswell-known.4.Thefactthattheyaretalkingaboutisveryimportanttous.判斷同位語(yǔ)從句及定語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句Practice方法點(diǎn)撥

①

找從句，判斷從句類(lèi)型②

看從句是否缺成分

不缺

從屬連詞

缺主賓表定

連接代詞

缺狀語(yǔ)

連接副詞③

看句意★what(東西/事情，指物)/who(誰(shuí)，指人)/which(哪一個(gè))/whose(誰(shuí)的)時(shí)間when地點(diǎn)where原因why怎樣如何用how從句缺什么補(bǔ)什么Practice1.

weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.2.Thereasonforhisabsenceis

he