黑龍江省大慶市2025年初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試英語試題一、ReadingComprehension（本題15小題，每小題2分，共30分）Choosethebestansweraccordingtothepassageyouread.閱讀短文，回答問題WeChinesepeoplecelebrateArborDay(afestivalfortreeplanting)everyyearonMarch12.Itbringsusclosertoeachotherandtothewondersofnature.Manyothercountriesalsocelebratetreeswithfestivalsandholidays.Butasyouwillsee,notallofthemfallinspring.PeruYunsaisacelebrationofnewlifeattheendofthelocalcarnival(狂歡節(jié)).Couplestaketurnsdancingaroundasmalltree.Afterthat,theycutitdown.Thisstandsforanewbeginning.Followinganancienttradition,peoplethenplantayoungtreeintheplaceoftheoldone.TheUnitedKingdomTheBritishcelebrateNationalTreeWeekatthestartofthetree-plantingseasoninNovember.TheyalsocelebrateNationalTreeDressingDayonthefirstweekendinDecember.Onthatday,theyhavesomethingbeautifulandspecialhunginthetrees.MoroccoThousandsoftreesinthetownofTafraouteproducemanyofMorocco'salmonds(杏仁).Tocelebratethisnaturalgift,TafraoutehoststheAlmondBlossomFestivaleveryyear.Thedateoftheeventdependsonwhenthetreesflower.Peopledance,singandtellstoriesuntillateintothenight.IsraelTuBiShvatisknowntopeopleinIsrael.Itmeans"NewYearoftheTrees".ThisfestivalisusuallycelebratedwithamealinJanuaryorFebruary.Treeplantingsareheldinschoolsandhomes.Thecelebrationusuallybeginsatsunsetandlaststillthefollowingday.Manypeoplealsomakedonations(捐贈(zèng))toorganizationsthatworktoplanttreesinIsrael.1．WhendoweChinesecelebrateArborDay?A．OnMarch12. B．OnMarch20.C．OnApril12. D．OnApril15.2．Whichcountriescelebratetreefestivalswithdancing?A．PeruandMorocco.B．IsraelandMorocco.C．PeruandtheUnitedKingdom.D．TheUnitedKingdomandIsrael.3．WhatdopeopledoinIsraelforthetreefestival?A．Theycelebrateanaturalgift—almonds.B．Theycuttreesdownandplantnewones.C．Theymakethetreesbeautifulwithsomethingspecial.D．Theyhaveamealandmakedonationstoorganizations.【答案】1．A2．A3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹幾個(gè)國家慶祝樹木的節(jié)日的情況。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題一種題型。細(xì)節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時(shí)，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細(xì)對(duì)照，不符合原文意義的選項(xiàng)要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項(xiàng)。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"WeChinesepeoplecelebrateArborDay(afestivalfortreeplanting)everyyearonMarch12."可知，我們中國人每年都會(huì)在3月12日慶祝植樹節(jié)。故選A。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Peru...Couplestaketurnsdancingaroundasmalltree."和"Morocco...Peopledance,singandtellstoriesuntillateintothenight."可知，秘魯人會(huì)圍著小樹跳舞，摩洛哥人在杏花節(jié)上也會(huì)跳舞。故選A。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Israel...ThisfestivalisusuallycelebratedwithamealinJanuaryorFebruary.Treeplantingsareheldinschoolsandhomes.Thecelebrationusuallybeginsatsunsetandlaststillthefollowingday.Manypeoplealsomakedonations(捐贈(zèng))toorganizationsthatworktoplanttreesinIsrael."可知，以色列的樹木新年里，人們會(huì)一起用餐，還會(huì)向植樹組織捐款。故選D。閱讀短文，回答問題Thissummer,thestudentsinourclasswererequiredtogiveapresentation(演示活動(dòng))ontraditionalChinesecultureinEnglish.AsagirlwhoisveryinterestedinChineseteaculture,Iimmediatelysuggesteditasthetopicformygroup.MyteammembersreachedanagreementbecauseweconsideredthistopiceasytowinthecompetitionandIwaschosenasthegroupleader.WhenIwastoldthatthebestteaminmygradewouldhavethechancetoactatourschool'sForeignLanguageFestival,thestrongwishtoshineatthefestivalpushedmetoworkharder.Toimprovethequalityofthepresentation,Iaddedsomespecialartforms.Also,astheleaderofthewholeteam,Ihadtoplaneverythingand,asinstructed,keepittofiveminutes.IdidwhatIcouldtoorganizeourpresentation.WhileIwaspreparingforthepresentation,IlearnedmuchmoreaboutChineseteaculture.Icametorealisethatmyunderstandingofitwasnotenough."Teaculture,withitsspecialmagicandlonghistory,lightsthewayforusmodernpeopletoreturntonatureandfindinner(內(nèi)心的)peace."Asthepresentationended,Ifoundthatitwasthemagicofteaculture,notthepresentationitself,thattrulyattractedme.Throughthisevent,IunderstoodthatChineseteacultureismorethanatopic,butasymboloftheancientstorieswaitingforustofurtherexplore.Byexploringthetradition,Iendedupfindingasenseofinnerpeace.4．Whatisthewriter'spresentationabout?A．Teamwork. B．Presentationskills.C．Chineseteaculture. D．Ancientstories.5．Whydidthewriterworkharderforthepresentation?A．Tobetheleaderofthewholeteam.B．Tokeepthepresentationtofiveminutes.C．Toaddsomespecialartformstothepresentation.D．Toshineattheschool'sForeignLanguageFestival.6．Whatdidthewriterrealisewhenpreparingforthepresentation?A．Herunderstandingofteaculturewasdeep.B．Teaculturehelpspeoplefindinnerpeace.C．Modernpeopledislikereturningtonature.D．Herpreparationforthepresentationwasnotenough.7．Whatdoweknowaboutthewriterfromthetext?A．Sheisstrangeandserious.B．Sheishonestandhelpful.C．Shelikestoexploreandthink.D．Shelikestopushotherstowork.【答案】4．C5．D6．B7．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了作者主動(dòng)探索茶文化并在準(zhǔn)備過程中深入思考其意義。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題以及推理判斷題兩種題型。細(xì)節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時(shí)，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細(xì)對(duì)照，不符合原文意義的選項(xiàng)要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項(xiàng)。做推理判斷題時(shí)，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測或妄加猜測，必須忠實(shí)于原文，以材料所提供的相關(guān)事實(shí)和線索為依據(jù)，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：審清題目要求；鎖定關(guān)鍵信息；挖掘隱含信息；排除干擾選項(xiàng)；把握語境情感；邏輯推理分析。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"AsagirlwhoisveryinterestedinChineseteaculture,Iimmediatelysuggesteditasthetopicformygroup."可知，作為一個(gè)對(duì)中國茶文化非常感興趣的女孩，我立刻提議將此作為我們小組的研究主題。故選C。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"WhenIwastoldthatthebestteaminmygradewouldhavethechancetoactatourschool'sForeignLanguageFestival,thestrongwishtoshineatthefestivalpushedmetoworkharder."可知，當(dāng)?shù)弥覀兡昙?jí)最優(yōu)秀的團(tuán)隊(duì)將有機(jī)會(huì)在我們學(xué)校的外語節(jié)上表演時(shí)，想要在節(jié)會(huì)上大放異彩的強(qiáng)烈愿望促使我更加努力地練習(xí)。故選D。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Byexploringthetradition,Iendedupfindingasenseofinnerpeace."可知，茶文化幫助人們找到內(nèi)心的平靜。故選B。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)"butasymboloftheancientstorieswaitingforustofurtherexplore."以及"IlearnedmuchmoreaboutChineseteaculture"可知，全文體現(xiàn)她主動(dòng)探索茶文化，并在準(zhǔn)備過程中深入思考其意義。故選C。閱讀短文，回答問題Therearemanywaystoavoidfoodwaste.Forexample,wecouldbuyonlywhatweneedordonotordermorefoodthanwecanfinish.ButtheFrenchcityofColmarhasamorecreativeidea.In2015,itstartedhandingoutfreechickenstoitspeople.Then-mayor(時(shí)任市長)GilbertMeyercameupwithaproject"onefamily,onehen"andputitintopracticebystartingtoworkwithtwochickenfarms.Hetoldthelocalpeoplethatthebenefitofraisingachickenwouldbeseenquickly.Atfirst,morethan200homestookpart.Eachfamilywasgiventwochickensafterpromisingtotakegoodcareofchickens.Later,theprojectturnedouttobeabigsuccess.Overtheyears,morehomeshavejoinedin.Uptonow,thegovernmenthasgivenmorethanfivethousandchickenstohomes.Butdon'tthinkofraisingthechickensjustforfreeeggs.Thisacthasalsogeneratedpositiveeffectsonenvironment.Thechickensarefedonwhatisleftinameal,andfoodwastehasbeenthereforegreatlyreduced."Achickenlivesuptofouryearsonaverageandeatsabout54.75kgoffoodwasteeveryyear,"saidGilbert.There'sadeeperreasonfortheeffort.Foodwastegoesbadquicklyandcausesmoremethane(甲烷)thananyothertypeofwaste.Thegashasagreaterlong-termglobalwarmingeffectthanCO2.Today,aroundathirdoftheworld'sfoodiswastedeveryyear.Thatmakesup8to10percentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions(排放).It'sworththeefforttosaveasmuchfoodaspossiblefromgoingtowaste.8．WhatprojectdidGilbertMeyerthinkof?A．Onefamily,onehen. B．Workonchickenfarms.C．Buyonlywhatweneed. D．Morechickens,morehappiness.9．What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"generated"inParagraph3?A．Fought. B．Imagined. C．Produced. D．Discussed.10．Howmanykilogramsoffoodwastedoesachickenprobablyeatin4years?A．54.75. B．109.5. C．164.25. D．219.11．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ChickensforFreeEggs. B．EffortstoRecycleWaste.C．FoodWasteGrowingMore. D．ChickensagainstFoodWaste.【答案】8．A9．C10．D11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹法國科爾馬市通過分發(fā)雞解決食物浪費(fèi)問題。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題，詞義猜測題和標(biāo)題選擇題三種題型。細(xì)節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時(shí)，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細(xì)對(duì)照，不符合原文意義的選項(xiàng)要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項(xiàng)。詞義猜測題主要考查考生根據(jù)上下文推測詞義和語義的能力，突出考查對(duì)語境的分析和把握能力。常見的猜詞法有：利用上下文語境。猜測任何詞義都離不開上下文，所以要借助上下文對(duì)需要猜測的詞或短語進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推測。利用定義或解釋性的線索。閱讀文章中的有些生詞往往在其后會(huì)有對(duì)該詞進(jìn)行解釋說明的短語或句子，利用它們猜詞義較容易利用文章的邏輯關(guān)系答題。如并列、對(duì)比、因果、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系等。做標(biāo)題選擇題時(shí)，注意關(guān)注首尾句，首尾句往往包含段落或文章的核心信息，是判斷標(biāo)題是否準(zhǔn)確的重要依據(jù)。利用關(guān)鍵詞，文章中的關(guān)鍵詞匯、短語或句子往往與標(biāo)題有緊密聯(lián)系，可以通過關(guān)鍵詞匯的匹配來縮小選擇范圍。語境理解，理解文章的整體語境和作者的態(tài)度傾向，有助于準(zhǔn)確把握文章的主旨和標(biāo)題的選擇方向。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Then-mayor(時(shí)任市長)GilbertMeyercameupwithaproject‘onefamily,onehen'"可知，吉爾伯特·邁耶提出"一個(gè)家庭，一只母雞"項(xiàng)目。故選A。9．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)"Butdon'tthinkofraisingthechickensjustforfreeeggs.Thisacthasalsogeneratedpositiveeffectsonenvironment."可知，不要僅僅將這些雞用于獲取免費(fèi)雞蛋，這一舉措還對(duì)環(huán)境……了積極影響。結(jié)合上下文，養(yǎng)雞通過消化食物垃圾減少了浪費(fèi)，說明該行動(dòng)"產(chǎn)生"了效果。故選C。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Achickenlivesuptofouryearsonaverageandeatsabout54.75kgoffoodwasteeveryyear"可知，一只雞的平均壽命約為四年，每年會(huì)消耗約54.75千克的廚余垃圾，所以4年大約消耗219千克。故選D。11．標(biāo)題選擇題。全文核心是法國科爾馬市通過分發(fā)雞解決食物浪費(fèi)問題，選項(xiàng)D"雞對(duì)抗食物浪費(fèi)"符合主題，故選D。閱讀短文，回答問題Chinahasmadesomechangesinitsfoodlabels(標(biāo)簽)recentlyandthreeofthemhavebecomeaheatedtopic.Tobeginwith,thegovernmentrequiresfoodlabelsshouldbemadeeasierandclearertoread.Information,suchassugar,saltandunhealthyfatsintheirproducts,shouldbeclearlyincludedonthelabel.Bydoingso,thegovernmenthopesthiswillencouragehealthiereatinghabitsamongpeople.Atthesametime,itisrequiredthatcommonallergens(過敏原)shouldbeincludedonthelabelaswell,whichwillpossiblyhelppeopleavoidrisks.Anothernewrequirementisthatlabelssuchas"noadditives(添加劑)"or"zeroadditives"shouldnolongerbeallowed.Thegovernmentsayslabelslikethesehavealreadyledshopperstobelievethataproductishealthywhenitisinfactnot.Takeafamousfoodcompanyasanexample.Inordertoincreasesales,thelabel"zeroadditives"wasaddedtoitsproducts,provingtherewerenoharmfulthings.However,recentlythelabelhasbeenquestioned.Testshavefoundsmallamountsofharmfuladditivesinitsproducts.Manypeoplecametobelievethe"zero"labelwasjustamarketinglie.Theuseofdigitallabelsisalsoworthnoticing.CompaniesarebeingadvisedtohaveQRcodes(二維碼)includedonfoodlabels.Thisallowscustomerstogetmoreinformationabouttheproduct.Thisishelpfulforpeoplewhowanttolearnmoreaboutwhattheyareeating.Morethan400productshavealreadyusedthissmartlabelingsystem.FoodsafetyhasalwaysbeenamongtopcaresforeveryChinese.Bymakingthesechangesinfoodlabels,Chinahopestohelppeoplemakehealthierandsaferfoodchoices.12．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A．Foodproducersrefusechangesinfoodlabels.B．Foodlabelsarerequiredtobeeasierandclearer.C．Healthiereatinghabitswillencourageclearerlabels.D．Changesinfoodlabelsaremainlyaboutcommonallergens.13．WhyisafoodcompanymentionedinParagraph3?A．Tointroducethefoodcompanytoshoppers.B．Toshowthefoodcompany'schangesinfoodlabels.C．Toprovethatsomelabelscanwronglyleadshoppers.D．Tocompare"zeroadditives"labelswithdigitalones.14．Howdoesthewriterdevelopthetext?(P1standsforparagraph1.)A． B．C． D．15．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanweprobablyreadthetext?A．Foodandhealth. B．Medicalresearch.C．Technologyprogress. D．Languageandliterature.【答案】12．B13．C14．B15．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要討論食品安全和健康問題，旨在幫助人們做出更健康、更安全的食品選擇。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題和文章出處題四種題型。細(xì)節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時(shí)，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細(xì)對(duì)照，不符合原文意義的選項(xiàng)要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項(xiàng)。做推理判斷題時(shí)，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測或妄加猜測，必須忠實(shí)于原文，以材料所提供的相關(guān)事實(shí)和線索為依據(jù)，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：審清題目要求；鎖定關(guān)鍵信息；挖掘隱含信息；排除干擾選項(xiàng)；把握語境情感；邏輯推理分析。做篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題時(shí)，首先，快速瀏覽文章標(biāo)題、開頭和結(jié)尾，以及段落間的過渡句，以判斷文章的體裁（如記敘文、說明文、議論文、應(yīng)用文等）。每種體裁都有其獨(dú)特的結(jié)構(gòu)和語言特點(diǎn)。例如，議論文通常包含引言、論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和結(jié)論；說明文則側(cè)重于解釋和說明某一事物或現(xiàn)象。了解不同體裁文章的常見結(jié)構(gòu)，如"問題-解決"、"原因-結(jié)果"、"比較-對(duì)比"等。識(shí)別文章中各段落的作用，如引言段引出話題，主體段展開論述，結(jié)論段總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)。抓住主題句，段落中的首句或末句往往是該段的主題句，概括了段落的主要內(nèi)容。提煉信息，若無明顯主題句，則需通過提煉段落中的關(guān)鍵詞、短語來概括大意。把握文章脈絡(luò)，通過識(shí)別連接詞，可以更好地理解文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)和作者的寫作思路。整體把握，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題往往要求考生從整體上把握文章，因此要注意段落間、句子間的聯(lián)系。做文章出處題時(shí)，要仔細(xì)閱讀全文，把握文章的主旨大意、核心觀點(diǎn)及主要事實(shí)，提煉信息，注意文章涉及的主題、領(lǐng)域、觀點(diǎn)傾向等，這些信息往往能反映文章的來源。分析文章風(fēng)格，識(shí)別語言特點(diǎn)，注意文章的語言風(fēng)格，如正式、非正式、學(xué)術(shù)性、通俗性等，這有助于判斷文章可能出自的媒體類型。觀察結(jié)構(gòu)，文章的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)、段落安排也能反映其出處。通過邏輯推理與綜合分析，并在理解文章內(nèi)容、分析文章風(fēng)格、查找關(guān)鍵詞的基礎(chǔ)上，運(yùn)用邏輯推理能力，綜合考慮各種因素，推斷出文章的可能出處。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Tobeginwith,thegovernmentrequiresfoodlabelsshouldbemadeeasierandclearertoread."可知，政府要求食品標(biāo)簽應(yīng)設(shè)計(jì)得更簡潔、更易于閱讀。故選B。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Thegovernmentsayslabelslikethesehavealreadyledshopperstobelievethataproductishealthywhenitisinfactnot."可知，第三段提到某公司為吸引顧客而印上"零添加劑"字樣，卻被檢測出含有少量有害添加劑，說明這類標(biāo)簽可能誤導(dǎo)消費(fèi)者。故選C。14．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。圖示：總分結(jié)構(gòu)，P1總起，P2-4分述三點(diǎn)變化。文章采用總分結(jié)構(gòu)：第一段總述中國食品標(biāo)簽的三點(diǎn)變化引發(fā)熱議，隨后三段分別詳細(xì)說明三點(diǎn)變化（標(biāo)簽清晰化、禁止誤導(dǎo)性標(biāo)注、推廣數(shù)字標(biāo)簽）。因此，選項(xiàng)B的圖示正確反映了文章結(jié)構(gòu)。故選B。15．文章出處題。文章圍繞食品標(biāo)簽改革展開，核心目的是幫助人們做出更健康、安全的飲食選擇，與"食品與健康"主題高度契合。其他選項(xiàng)（醫(yī)學(xué)研究、技術(shù)進(jìn)步、語言文學(xué)）與內(nèi)容無關(guān)。故選A。二、CompletethePassage（本題5小題，每小題1分，共5分）Choosethesentencestocompletethepassage.閱讀還原WhydoFishTravelinSchools(群)?Haveyoueverseenfishswimmingtogetherinaschool?It'squiteanamazingsight!Theymovetogether,turningandchangingdirectionsatthesametime.Itmakesyouwonder:16．Infact,theanswerisno.Eachfishfindsitsowndirection.ResearchersGeorgeLauderfromHarvardUniversityandYangfanZhanghavestudiedthisforalongtime.Now,theyhavediscoveredthatfishcansavealotofenergybyschooling.Intheexperiment,thetworesearchersputgiantdanio,afishthatlikestoswiminschools,inatank(水箱).17．Othertimes,theyputjustonefishin.Asweallknow,bymeasuring(測量)howmuchO2peopleusewhenexercising,wecanknowhowmuchenergypeopleuse.Themethodalsogoesforfish.18．Theresultswereinterestingandclear.SchoolingfishusedlessO2thanthoseswimmingalone.Andtheytooklesstimetobecomeenergeticagain.19．Theresearchersrepeatedthisexperimentfivetimestomakesuretheresultswereright.Byschooling,fishcansaveenergyforotherimportantthings,saysFrankFishfromWestChesterUniversity.20．Foradults,theycanusethesavedenergytohavebabiesortostayawayfromanimalsthatwanttoeatthem.So,nexttimeyouseefishswimminginschools,you'llknowit'snotjustabeautifulsight—it'salsoasmartlivingskillforthem.A.Whydotheyswiminaschool?B.Istheresomeonedirectingthemhowtomove?C.Adultfishinaschoolarenotafraidofanything.D.Inotherwords,theywerefullofenergyinashortertime.E.Sometimes,theresearchersputeightfishinatankatatime.F.Forexample,youngfishcanputthesavedenergyintogrowth.G.SoresearchersusedaspecialmachinetomeasurehowmuchO2fishusedwhenswimming.【答案】16．B；17．E；18．G；19．D；20．F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹魚為何會(huì)成群游動(dòng)。備選項(xiàng)的中文意思：

A.它們?yōu)槭裁闯扇航Y(jié)隊(duì)地游泳呢？

B.有誰在指揮它們?nèi)绾斡蝿?dòng)嗎？

C.魚群中的成年魚什么都不怕。

D.換句話說，它們?cè)诟痰臅r(shí)間內(nèi)充滿了活力。

E.有時(shí)，研究人員一次會(huì)把八條魚放進(jìn)一個(gè)水箱里。

F.例如，幼魚可以將節(jié)省下來的能量用于生長。

G.因此，研究人員使用一種特殊的機(jī)器來測量魚在游泳時(shí)消耗了多少氧氣。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查任務(wù)型閱讀（閱讀還原）。解題技巧如下：1.看首段，跳過空格快速通讀全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主題所在，首段的末句對(duì)于快速掌握文章的主題具有重要意義。2.首先快速瀏覽一遍幾個(gè)備選答案，先確定哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)適合放在文章的什么位置。3.精讀空格前后兩句，利用各種銜接手段選擇正確的選項(xiàng)填入空格。閱讀還原空出的是整個(gè)句子，而這些句子與句子之間，必然有一種聯(lián)系，因此我們可以通過選項(xiàng)中某個(gè)名詞或動(dòng)詞跟空前或空后的一致性或者相關(guān)性來確定這兩個(gè)句子之間有一種關(guān)聯(lián)性，從而選擇正確的答案?？疾閷?duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。4.看選項(xiàng)，找出與空前空后句中心詞同義，近義或相關(guān)性的詞語。實(shí)現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵詞的對(duì)接，先易后難，各個(gè)突破。此外要通過句子的邏輯關(guān)系或句子的標(biāo)點(diǎn)來判斷該句在文章的位置。5.解題的關(guān)鍵是能嫻熟地利用各種銜接手段。尤其要注意代詞，連詞等。如表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的but，though,however等。6.做完后，通讀全文。將所選項(xiàng)放入空白處，通讀一遍，看看是否與上下文構(gòu)成語義及邏輯上的直接關(guān)系，是否符合該處語境。能否承接前后的寫作線索。16．根據(jù)"Itmakesyouwonder:...Infact,theanswerisno.Eachfishfindsitsowndirection."可知，魚群同步游動(dòng)令人好奇，后文直接否定"事實(shí)上，答案是否定的。每條魚自己找方向。"選項(xiàng)B"有誰在指揮它們?nèi)绾斡蝿?dòng)嗎？"符合語境，故選B。17．根據(jù)"Intheexperiment,thetworesearchersputgiantdanio,afishthatlikestoswiminschools,inatank(水箱)....Othertimes,theyputjustonefishin."可知，有時(shí)研究人員一次放八條魚。這直接補(bǔ)充"有時(shí)"的細(xì)節(jié)，與"其他時(shí)間只放一條魚"形成對(duì)比。選項(xiàng)E"有時(shí)，研究人員一次會(huì)把八條魚放進(jìn)一個(gè)水箱里。"符合語境，故選E。18．根據(jù)"Asweallknow,bymeasuring(測量)howmuchO2peopleusewhenexercising,wecanknowhowmuchenergypeopleuse.Themethodalsogoesforfish."可知，通過測量人們?cè)谶\(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)消耗的氧氣量，我們就能知道他們消耗了多少能量。這種方法同樣適用于魚類。選項(xiàng)G"因此，研究人員使用一種特殊的機(jī)器來測量魚在游泳時(shí)消耗了多少氧氣。"符合語境，故選G。19．根據(jù)"Andtheytooklesstimetobecomeenergeticagain."可知，它們恢復(fù)精力所需的時(shí)間也更短了。選項(xiàng)D"換句話說，它們?cè)诟痰臅r(shí)間內(nèi)充滿了活力。"符合語境，故選D。20．根據(jù)"Foradults,theycanusethesavedenergytohavebabiesortostayawayfromanimalsthatwanttoeatthem."可知，魚群可節(jié)省能量用于重要事情，后文具體說成年魚用于繁殖或逃避捕食者。選項(xiàng)F"例如，幼魚可以將節(jié)省下來的能量用于生長。"符合語境，故選F。三、ClozeTest（本題10小題，每小題1分，共10分）Choosethebestanswertocompletethepassage.完形填空Amyisa15-year-oldgirl.Whenshewasyoung,shewasalwayswasting21．gettingpreparedtodohertasks,insteadofdoingthematonce.Onemorning,AmywasplayinginthevillageandmetMrThornton.MrThorntonhada22．wherehesoldfruitsofallkinds.HesaidtoAmy,"Well,Amy,I23．somefineripe(成熟的)strawberriesonMrGreen'sfarmtoday.Hesaidthatanybodywaswelcometopickthem.Iwill24．13centsakilogramforallyoupickforme."Amywas25．a(chǎn)boutthethoughtofmakingsomemoneytohelphermom.Soshequicklyranhometogetabaskettoholdthestrawberries.Whenshegotbackhome,shewouldliketoknowhowmuchmoneyshewouldgetifshepickedfivekilograms.26．shefoundoutthatshewouldget65cents,shestartedtodreambig,"IfIpicktwelvekilograms,howmuchshouldImakethen?""Dearme!"she27．happily,afterthinkingforawhile,"Icanmakeadollarandfifty-sixcents!"Ittookhersometimetodream28．.Andthenitwassonearlunchtimethatshehadtostayathomeuntiltheafternoon.Assoonaslunchwasover,shetookherbasketandhurriedtothefarm.Shecouldnotfindhalfakilogramto29．herbasketbecausesomeboyshadbeentherebeforelunch,andalltheripestrawberrieswerepicked.Thenshe30．whatherteacheroftentoldher:"Doyourtaskatonce;thenthinkaboutit.Onedoerisworth100dreamers."21．A．money B．time C．food D．paper22．A．kitchen B．factory C．store D．theatre23．A．hid B．broke C．swept D．saw24．A．lend B．pay C．lay D．waste25．A．calm B．excited C．patient D．polite26．A．Though B．Unless C．After D．Before27．A．jumped B．passed C．escaped D．replied28．A．longer B．harder C．faster D．bigger29．A．fill B．repair C．drop D．control30．A．threwaway B．dependedonC．thoughtof D．lookedfor【答案】21．B；22．C；23．D；24．B；25．B；26．C；27．D；28．D；29．A；30．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了總是在想應(yīng)該做什么，但是行動(dòng)卻跟不上的女孩艾米。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空。首先要通讀一遍文章，跳過缺失的單詞，再根據(jù)上下文來判斷所缺失的單詞的含義，最后對(duì)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析，選出正確選項(xiàng)。完形填空旨在測試學(xué)生的語言綜合運(yùn)用能力。一些實(shí)用的解題策略如下。一、通讀全文，把握大意。在開始答題之前，應(yīng)先通讀全文，了解文章的主題和大致內(nèi)容。這樣有助于理解作者的意圖，把握文章的整體思路，為后續(xù)的填空選擇提供正確的方向。二、仔細(xì)分析，逐一排查。對(duì)于每一個(gè)空，要仔細(xì)分析所給的選項(xiàng)，逐一排查，選出最符合文意的答案。通常情況下，完形填空中會(huì)有幾個(gè)空白需要填寫形容詞、副、名詞等，要注意所填的詞要與句子前后內(nèi)容相符。三、結(jié)合上下文，理解語義。有時(shí)候僅從一個(gè)空所在的句子很難確定正確的答案，這時(shí)需要結(jié)合上下文，理解整體的語義環(huán)境。通過對(duì)前后的語境分析，確定一個(gè)合理的答案。四、注意語法結(jié)構(gòu)。完形填空中涉及的語法知識(shí)較多，如時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、詞性等。在選擇答案時(shí)，要仔細(xì)考慮語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確。21．句意：在她年幼時(shí)，總是會(huì)把大量時(shí)間花在準(zhǔn)備完成任務(wù)上，而不是直接去完成任務(wù)。money金錢；time時(shí)間；food食物；paper紙張。根據(jù)"Whenshewasyoung,shewasalwayswasting...gettingpreparedtodohertasks,insteadofdoingthematonce."可知，艾米總是會(huì)把大量時(shí)間花在準(zhǔn)備完成任務(wù)上，故選B。22．句意：桑頓先生有一家商店，里面出售各種各樣的水果。kitchen廚房；factory工廠；store商店；theatre劇院。根據(jù)"wherehesoldfruitsofallkinds"可知，商店里面出售各種各樣的水果，故選C。23．句意：艾米，今天我在格林先生的農(nóng)場里看到了一些非常成熟的草莓。hid隱藏；broke打破；swept打掃；saw看到。根據(jù)"Isomefineripe(成熟的)strawberries"可知，看到了一些非常成熟的草莓，故選D。24．句意：我會(huì)按每公斤13美分的價(jià)格收購你采摘的所有果實(shí)。lend借出；pay支付；lay放置；waste浪費(fèi)。根據(jù)"Iwill13centsakilogramforallyoupickforme."可知，會(huì)按每公斤13美分的價(jià)格收購，此處是pay...for...。故選B。25．句意：艾米對(duì)于能通過自己的努力賺些錢來幫助媽媽這件事感到非常興奮。calm平靜的；excited興奮的；patient耐心的；polite禮貌的。根據(jù)"Amywasaboutthethoughtofmakingsomemoneytohelphermom."可知，艾米對(duì)于能通過自己的努力賺些錢來幫助媽媽這件事感到非常興奮。故選B。26．句意：在得知自己能拿到65美分之后，她開始大膽地暢想："如果我采摘12公斤，那我能賺多少錢呢？"Though雖然；Unless除非；After在……之后；Before在……之前。根據(jù)"...shefoundoutthatshewouldget65cents,shestartedtodreambig"可知，在得知自己能拿到65美分之后，她開始大膽地暢想，故選C。27．句意："天哪！"經(jīng)過一番思考后，她興奮地回答道"我能賺到一美元五十六美分！"jumped跳躍；passed經(jīng)過；escaped逃跑；replied回答。根據(jù)""Icanmakeadollarandfifty-sixcents!"可知，此處表示她回答。故選D。28．句意：花了她一些時(shí)間開始更長的暢想。longer更久；harder更努力；faster更快；bigger更大。根據(jù)前文"shestartedtodreambig"可知，是更大膽的暢想，故選D。29．句意：她連半公斤的草莓都找不到來裝滿她的籃子，因?yàn)槲绮颓坝幸恍┠泻⒁呀?jīng)來過這里了，所有的成熟草莓都被摘光了。fill裝滿；repair修理；drop掉落；control控制。根據(jù)"Shecouldnotfindhalfakilogramto...herbasket"可知，她連半公斤的草莓都找不到來裝滿她的籃子，故選A。30．句意：隨后，她想起了老師常對(duì)她說的話："立刻完成任務(wù)，然后再思考一下。一個(gè)實(shí)干者勝過一百個(gè)空想者。"threwaway扔掉；dependedon依賴；thoughtof想起；lookedfor尋找。根據(jù)"Thenshe...whatherteacheroftentoldher:"可知，她想起了老師常對(duì)她說的話，故選C。四、GrammaticalFilling（本題10小題，每小題2分，共20分）Fillineachblankwithaproperformofthewordgivenoraproperword.語法填空Hi,myyoungfriends!IamBeijing-ZhangjiakouRailway.HereIamwritingtosharemystorywithyou.Iwasbornin1909.Iam116yearsoldnow.My31．(build)wasZhanTianyou,abraveandsmartman.HebelievedChinashouldbuilditsownrailway32．othercountries'help.Sohebuiltme,China'sfirstself-builtrailway.Atfirst,mytrainsusedsteam(蒸汽).Theirtopspeedwasonly35km/h.Then,thetrains33．(start)tousediesel(柴油).Later,therewereevenbettertrainsthatusedelectricity.Ittook34．(simple)threehourstofinishthetrip.In2020,thenewhigh-speedrailwayopenedonDecember30.Iwasso35．(please).Peopleonlyneededtospend47minutes36．(travel)fromBeijingtoZhangjiakou.Duringthe2022BeijingWinterOlympics,BeijingandZhangjiakou,thetwohost37．(city)fortheevent,welcomedlotsofpeoplefromaroundtheworld.Therailwayplayed38．importantrole.AlthoughIamtooold39．(keep)workingthesedays,peoplewillkeepmeaspartofhistory.Iamalittlesad,40．stillproudofalltheachievementsthatChinahasmadeinthepastfewyears.ZhanTianyoumustbeproud,too.【答案】31．builder；32．without；33．started；34．simply；35．pleased；36．traveling；37．cities；38．a(chǎn)n；39．tokeep；40．but【解析】【分析】本文是一篇以擬人化自述形式呈現(xiàn)的教育性歷史敘事文，文章以北京——張家口鐵路的口吻介紹一些信息。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語法填空。本題考點(diǎn)涉及名詞，介詞，時(shí)態(tài)，副詞，形容詞，非謂語動(dòng)詞，冠詞以及連詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查。要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。語法填空實(shí)用解題策略如下。一、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。在面對(duì)語法填空題時(shí)，首先要做的是分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。觀察句子中的主語、謂語、賓語等主要成分，以及是否有從句、非謂語動(dòng)詞等復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)。通過理解句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可以更好地把握填空處所需的詞性和功能。二、確定詞性變化。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語境，確定填空處所需的詞性。然后，根據(jù)語法規(guī)則，考慮所需的詞性是否需要進(jìn)行變化，如名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)、形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)等。確保所填詞匯在語法上與句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢記固定搭配。英語中存在大量的固定搭配和短語，這些搭配在語法填空題中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)。因此，需要牢記常見的固定搭配和短語，以便在解題時(shí)能夠迅速識(shí)別并正確填空。四、注意時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)是英語語法填空的重要考點(diǎn)。在解題時(shí)，要注意根據(jù)句子的語境和上下文，判斷所需動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。同時(shí)，也要注意時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的一致性，確保所填詞匯與句子的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)相符。五、理解上下文語境。語境對(duì)于語法填空題的解答至關(guān)重要。通過理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空處所需的詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)。因此，在解題時(shí)，要仔細(xì)閱讀句子的前后文，把握句子的整體意義，以便更好地填空。31．句意：我的建造者是詹天佑，他是一位勇敢且聰明的人。build，建立，動(dòng)詞?？仗帪榫渥拥闹髡Z，空處表示"建造者"，builder，可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)主謂一致原則以及was可知，主語應(yīng)用其單數(shù)形式。故填builder。32．句意：他認(rèn)為中國應(yīng)該在沒有其他國家?guī)椭那闆r下獨(dú)立修建自己的鐵路。根據(jù)"HebelievedChinashouldbuilditsownrailway...othercountries'help."可知，他認(rèn)為中國應(yīng)該在沒有其他國家?guī)椭那闆r下獨(dú)立修建自己的鐵路，故空處表示"沒有"，without，介詞，符合語境。故填without。33．句意：隨后，火車開始使用柴油作為動(dòng)力。start，開始，動(dòng)詞?？仗帪榫渥拥闹^語，結(jié)合上下文語境可知，此處陳述過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，故謂語時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，應(yīng)用其過去式。故填started。34．句意：整個(gè)旅程只需三個(gè)小時(shí)就能完成。simple，簡單的，形容詞?？仗幵诰渲凶鳡钫Z修飾動(dòng)詞took，應(yīng)用其副詞形式。故填simply。35．句意：我非常高興。please，請(qǐng)/使高興/使?jié)M意，動(dòng)詞?？仗幵诰渲凶霰碚Z，空處表示"高興的"，pleased，符合語境。故填pleased。36．句意：人們從北京到張家口只需花費(fèi)47分鐘。travel，旅行，動(dòng)詞。此處表示"花時(shí)間做某事"，

spendtimedoingsth，固定短語，符合語境，故空處應(yīng)用其動(dòng)名詞形式。故填travelling/

traveling。37．句意：在2022年北京冬奧會(huì)期間，作為此次賽事的兩個(gè)主辦城市，北京和張家口迎來了眾多來自世界各地的游客。city，城市，可數(shù)名詞。two修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填cities。38．句意：這條鐵路發(fā)揮了重要作用。固定短語"playanimportantrole"（發(fā)揮重要作用），"important"以元音音素開頭，需用不定冠詞"an"故填an。39．句意：雖然如今我年紀(jì)太大，無法再繼續(xù)工作了，但人們?nèi)詫⑽毅懹浻谛?，將我視為歷史的一部分。keep，保持/保留/遵守，動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)"AlthoughIamtooold...workingthesedays"可知，此處是too...to..."太……而不能"。故填tokeep。40．句意：我感到有些難過，但同時(shí)也很為中國的過去幾年所取得的成就感到驕傲。前文"Iamalittlesad"（我有點(diǎn)難過）與后文"stillproud"（仍然自豪）存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，需用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞"but"連接，故填but。五、ReadingExpression（本題5小題，每小題2分，共10分）閱讀補(bǔ)充句子TheSecrettoEnjoyingaHobbyLastsummer,forthefirsttimeinmyadultlife,Istartedanewhobby:yoga(瑜伽).Mygoalwasjusttorelaxafteratiringworkingdayinahealthyway.Inevertriedtorememberthenamesofallthedifferentmoves.Everymorning,I'djustfindaplaceatthebackoftheclassandcopythepersoninfrontofme.Withnopressuretobecomebetteratit,Istucktothehobby.Butformanypeople,stickingtoahobbycanbringmuchpressure.Onestudyshowsthattheaveragelifespan(有效期)ofahobbyis16months.Oneleadingreasonforthisisthestrongwishtobeexcellentatthehobby.Manytimes,Ihaveheardpeopleexpresstheirwishestorun.Butbeforelong,theybegintothinkaboutprovingthemselves,likewinningaplaceinahalf-marathon(半程馬拉松).Theideaoftrainingforahalf-marathon,however,maystopthemfromstickingtothehobby.Manyofusarealreadyundergreatpressureinourwork.Thenwhynotseeourhobbiesjustforfun?Expertssaythathavingahobbyjustforfunnotonlymakesitmoreenjoyable;itcanalsobeabigwinforthemind.Wecancalmour"thinkingmind"whilewejustfocusonaninterestinghobby.Thereisnopressureofsuccessorfailure.Pickuporputdownhobbiesasyoulike.NowIamthinkingabouttakingupanotherhobby—skating—andhopingtogetmorelaughsthanwoundsfromthiscoolsport!Usewordswithpropermeaningsandgrammaticalrulestofillintheblanks.(Onlyonewordforoneblank.)41．Lastsummer,Istarteddoingyogajusttoafteraworkingdayinahealthyway.42．Onestudyshowsthatthelifespanofahobbyis16monthsandonemainistheirstrongwishtobeexcellent.43．Expertssaythathavingahobbyjustfunnotonlymakesitmoreenjoyablebutalsohasabigwinforthe.44．Wecanour"thinkingmind"whilewejustfocusonaninterestinghobbyandIhopetogetmorelaughswoundsfromskating.45．Whatdoyouthinkisthesecrettoenjoyingahobby?【答案】41．relax；tiring42．a(chǎn)verage；reason43．for；mind44．calm；than45．Seeinghobbiesjustforfun.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹享受愛好的秘訣。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀補(bǔ)充句子。閱讀補(bǔ)充句子旨在檢驗(yàn)學(xué)生對(duì)文章的理解能力、語法掌握程度以及詞匯運(yùn)用能力。注意：

1.仔細(xì)閱讀全文。在開始答題前，務(wù)必先通讀全文，理解文章的主旨和上下文關(guān)系。這有助于把握句子的背景和語境，從而更準(zhǔn)確地選擇答案。

2.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。識(shí)別句子的主語、謂語、賓語等關(guān)鍵成分，這有助于理解句子的主要意思和邏輯關(guān)系。注意句子中可能存在的從句、短語和特殊結(jié)構(gòu)，它們可能包含重要的信息或線索。

3.注意一致性。代詞和名詞的一致性：確保所選答案中的代詞與前文提到的名詞在單復(fù)數(shù)、性、數(shù)等方面保持一致。時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的一致性：根據(jù)上下文確定所需的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)，并確保所選答案與之一致。

4.邏輯推理。當(dāng)答案不明顯時(shí)，需要根據(jù)上下文和常識(shí)進(jìn)行邏輯推理。通過上下文的線索和邏輯關(guān)系，推斷出答案中缺失的內(nèi)容。41．根據(jù)"Lastsummer,forthefi