2025年考研英語(yǔ)一閱讀理解強(qiáng)化試卷（含答案）考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartIReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTherapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedwidespreaddebateaboutitssocietalimpact,withconcernsoftencenteringonjobdisplacement.WhileitistruethatAIsystemsarecapableofautomatingtaskspreviouslyperformedbyhumans,leadingtopotentialjoblossesincertainsectors,thenarrativesurroundingthisissueisoftenoversimplifiedandlackshistoricalperspective.Historically,technologicalrevolutions,fromtheIndustrialRevolutiontothedigitalage,havesimilarlydisruptedlabormarkets,onlytocreatenewopportunitiesandindustriesthatcouldnothavebeenanticipatedatthetime.AIisnoexception;itislikelytoreshapejobrolesratherthaneliminatethementirely,demandingaworkforcethatisadaptableandskilledinworkingalongsideintelligentmachines.OneofthekeyargumentsagainstAIisitspotentialtoexacerbateincomeinequality.ProponentsofthisviewpointtothefactthatAItechnologiestendtobenefithighlyskilledworkerswhocandevelop,manage,andutilizethesesystems,whilelow-skilledworkersmayfaceredundancy.Thiscouldwidenthegapbetweentherichandthepoor.However,thisoutcomeisnotaninevitablebyproductofAIitselfbutratheraconsequenceofcurrenteconomicstructuresandpolicies.Ifgovernmentsandbusinessesfailtoimplementmeasuressuchasuniversalbasicincome,retrainingprograms,andeducationreform,thenegativeimpactsonincomedistributioncouldindeedbesevere.Conversely,proactivepoliciescanensurethatthebenefitsofAIaremoreequitablysharedacrosssociety.AnotherconcernoftenraisedistheethicaldimensionofAIdevelopment.Issuessuchasalgorithmicbias,privacyviolations,andthepotentialformisuseofautonomoussystemsposesignificantchallenges.Forinstance,facialrecognitiontechnology,whilepowerful,canperpetuateexistingsocietalbiasesifthedatausedtotrainthealgorithmsisnotdiverseandrepresentative.Moreover,theincreasingsurveillancecapabilitiesenabledbyAIcouldinfringeuponindividualprivacyrights.Addressingtheseethicalissuesrequiresamulti-facetedapproach,involvingcollaborationbetweentechnologists,policymakers,andethiciststoestablishrobustregulatoryframeworksandethicalguidelines.Ultimately,thefutureimpactofAIonsocietyhingesnotonthetechnologyitself,butonthechoiceswemakeregardingitsdevelopmentanddeployment.Byfosteringacultureofresponsibleinnovationandimplementingthoughtfulpolicies,wecanharnessthetransformativepotentialofAItoimprovelivesandcreateamoreprosperousandequitablefuture.Itiscrucialtomovebeyondfear-drivennarrativesandengageinaconstructivedialoguetoshapethetrajectoryofAIinawaythatbenefitsallofhumanity.Questions:1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthehistoricalperspectiveontechnologicaladvancementsandjobdisplacement?3.WhatmeasurescouldhelpmitigatethepotentialnegativeimpactofAIonincomeinequality?4.Theword"exacerbate"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)alleviateB)widenC)strengthenD)diminish5.Whatethicalconcernsareassociatedwiththedevelopmentoffacialrecognitiontechnology?PassageTwoIntherealmofeducation,theintegrationoftechnologyhasbecomeincreasinglyprevalent,withdigitallearningplatformstransformingtraditionalclassroomdynamics.Whileproponentsarguethatthesetoolsenhanceengagementandprovidepersonalizedlearningexperiences,criticscontendthattheymayleadtosuperficiallearninganddecreasedcriticalthinkingskills.Understandingthenuancedimpactofdigitalplatformsoneducationrequiresabalancedexaminationoftheirbenefitsandlimitations.Oneofthemostsignificantadvantagesofdigitallearningplatformsistheirabilitytofacilitatepersonalizedlearning.Theseplatformsoftenutilizeadaptivelearningalgorithmsthattailorcontenttoindividualstudentneeds,allowinglearnerstoprogressattheirownpaceandfocusonareaswheretheyrequireadditionalsupport.Thispersonalizedapproachcanbeparticularlybeneficialforstudentswithdiverselearningstylesandabilities,ensuringthattheyreceivetargetedinstructionthatmeetstheirspecificrequirements.Moreover,digitalplatformscanprovideimmediatefeedback,enablingstudentstoidentifyandcorrectmistakesinreal-time,therebyreinforcinglearningandpromotingmastery.Despitethesebenefits,therearevalidconcernsaboutthepotentialdrawbacksofrelyingheavilyondigitallearningtools.Onemajorcriticismisthattheseplatformsmayfosterasuperficialengagementwiththematerial.Whenlearningismediatedprimarilythroughinteractivequizzesandmultimediacontent,studentsmightfocusonachievinghighscoresratherthandevelopingadeepunderstandingofthesubjectmatter.Thiscanleadtoasuperficialgraspofconcepts,whereknowledgeisacquiredwithouttruecomprehensionortheabilitytoapplyitinreal-worldcontexts.Additionally,excessiverelianceondigitalplatformsmayhinderthedevelopmentofessentialcriticalthinkingskills,whichareoftenfosteredthroughin-depthdiscussions,debates,andcollaborativeproblem-solvingactivitiesthataremorechallengingtoreplicateinapurelydigitalenvironment.Anotherlimitationofdigitallearningplatformsisthepotentialforincreasedscreentime,whichcanhavenegativephysicalandpsychologicaleffectsonstudents.Prolongedexposuretoscreenshasbeenlinkedtoissuessuchaseyestrain,headaches,anddisruptedsleeppatterns.Furthermore,thesedentarynatureofdigitallearningcancontributetoalackofphysicalactivity,whichisessentialforoverallhealthandwell-being.Thesefactorshighlighttheimportanceofincorporatingabalancedapproachtoeducationthatcombinesdigitaltoolswithtraditionalmethods,ensuringthatstudentsreceiveawell-roundedlearningexperiencethataddressesbothcognitiveandphysicalneeds.Ultimately,theeffectivenessofdigitallearningplatformsineducationdependsonhowtheyareimplementedandintegratedintothelearningprocess.Whenusedthoughtfullyandinconjunctionwithotherteachingmethods,thesetoolscanenhanceeducationaloutcomes.However,itiscrucialtobemindfuloftheirlimitationsandtoensurethattheycomplement,ratherthanreplace,thehumanelementsofeducationthatareessentialforfosteringcriticalthinking,collaboration,andholisticdevelopment.Questions:6.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?7.Howdoadaptivelearningalgorithmscontributetopersonalizedlearning?8.Whatisapotentialdownsideofusingdigitallearningplatformsforeducation?9.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthephysicalandpsychologicaleffectsofincreasedscreentime?10.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheroleofdigitallearningplatformsineducation?PassageThreeTheconceptofsustainabilityhasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyears,drivenbygrowingawarenessofenvironmentaldegradationandtheneedforresponsibleresourcemanagement.Whilethetermisoftenassociatedwithenvironmentalpractices,itsimplicationsextendfarbeyondtheecologicalrealm,encompassingsocialequityandeconomicviability.Achievingtruesustainabilityrequiresaholisticapproachthataddressestheinterconnectednessofenvironmental,social,andeconomicsystems.Fromanenvironmentalperspective,sustainabilityfocusesonminimizinghumanimpactonthenaturalworld.Thisinvolvesreducingpollution,conservingnaturalresources,andmitigatingclimatechange.Practicessuchasrenewableenergyadoption,wastereduction,andsustainableagriculturearecentraltothiseffort.Thesemeasuresnotonlyhelpprotectecosystemsbutalsoensurethatnaturalresourcesareavailableforfuturegenerations,preventingthedepletionthatwouldoccurunderalinear"take-make-dispose"economicmodel.Socialsustainability,ontheotherhand,emphasizestheimportanceofcreatingequitableandinclusivesocieties.Thisinvolvesaddressingissuessuchaspoverty,inequality,andsocialjustice.Sustainabledevelopmentaimstoimprovethequalityoflifeforallmembersofsociety,ensuringaccesstoessentialservicessuchashealthcare,education,andcleanwater.Byfosteringsocialcohesionandempoweringcommunities,sustainablepracticescancontributetoamorejustandharmoniousworld.Economicsustainabilityisanothercrucialdimensionofthesustainabilityframework.Itinvolvespromotingeconomicgrowththatisenvironmentallysoundandsociallyresponsible.Thisincludessupportingindustriesthatareresource-efficientandhaveaminimalenvironmentalfootprint,aswellasencouraginginnovationandinvestmentinsustainabletechnologies.Economicsustainabilityalsoentailscreatingemploymentopportunitiesthatalignwithlong-termenvironmentalandsocialgoals,ensuringthateconomicdevelopmentdoesnotcomeattheexpenseoffuturegenerations.Achievingsustainabilityisacomplexchallengethatrequirescollaborationacrossvarioussectorsofsociety.Governments,businesses,NGOs,andindividualsallhaverolestoplayin推動(dòng)sustainablepractices.Educationandawarenessarekeytofosteringacultureofsustainability,wherepeopleunderstandtheimportanceofmakinginformedchoicesthatcontributetoahealthierplanetandmoreequitablesociety.Byembracingaholisticapproachandworkingtogether,itispossibletocreateafuturethatisbothsustainableandprosperousforall.Questions:11.Whatistheprimarythemeofthepassage?12.Whataresomeexamplesofenvironmentalpracticesthatcontributetosustainability?13.Howdoessocialsustainabilityrelatetotheconceptofequity?14.Accordingtothepassage,whatiseconomicsustainability?15.Whatroledoeducationandawarenessplayinachievingsustainability?PassageFourInrecentdecades,theglobalcoffeeindustryhasfacednumerouschallenges,withclimatechange,fluctuatingdemand,andlaborissuesbeingamongthemostpressing.Small-scalecoffeefarmers,whoformthebackboneoftheindustry,havebeenparticularlyvulnerabletothesechallenges,oftenstrugglingtomakealivingamidstvolatilemarketconditionsandenvironmentaluncertainties.Addressingtheplightofthesefarmersiscrucialnotonlyforthesurvivalofthecoffeeindustrybutalsoforthewell-beingofmillionsofpeoplewhodependonitfortheirlivelihood.Climatechangehashadaprofoundimpactoncoffeeproduction,withrisingtemperaturesandchangingprecipitationpatternsdisruptingtraditionalgrowingcycles.Certainregionsthatwerehistoricallyidealforcoffeecultivationarebecomingunsuitableduetoextremeweathereventssuchasdroughtsandfloods.Thesechangesnotonlyreducecropyieldsbutalsoaffectthequalityofthecoffeebeans,leadingtosignificanteconomiclossesforfarmers.Furthermore,theincreasingprevalenceofpestsanddiseases,facilitatedbychangingclimateconditions,posesanadditionalthreattocoffeeplantations.Fluctuatingdemandandvolatilepricesfurtherexacerbatethedifficultiesfacedbycoffeefarmers.Theglobalcoffeemarketisinfluencedbyamultitudeoffactors,includingeconomicconditions,consumerpreferences,andtheavailabilityofsubstitutebeverages.Thesefluctuationscanleadtosharppricedrops,makingitchallengingforfarmerstomaintainstableincomes.Withoutpricestability,farmersstruggletoinvestintheirfarms,adoptsustainablepractices,orprovidefortheirfamilies.Laborissuesalsoposesignificantchallengeswithinthecoffeeindustry.Manysmall-scalecoffeefarmersoperateonasubsistencebasis,withlimitedaccesstofairwagesandsocialsecurity.Theseasonalnatureofcoffeeharvestingoftenresultsinperiodsofunemployment,leavingfarmersandtheirfamiliesinprecariouseconomicsituations.Additionally,thedominanceoflargemultinationalcorporationsinthecoffeesupplychainhasoftenledtoexploitativepractices,wherefarmersreceiveadisproportionatelysmallshareoftheprofitsgeneratedbytheirharvest.Addressingthesechallengesrequiresamultifacetedapproachthatinvolvescollaborationbetweengovernments,NGOs,andthecoffeeindustryitself.Initiativessuchasfairtradecertification,directtrademodels,andagriculturalsupportprogramscanhelpempowerfarmersandensuretheyreceiveafairshareofthevaluechain.Investinginclimate-resilientfarmingtechniquesandprovidingaccesstocreditandfinancialservicescanalsomitigatesomeoftherisksassociatedwithclimatechangeandmarketvolatility.Byworkingtogether,stakeholderscancreateamoresustainableandequitablecoffeeindustrythatbenefitsbothfarmersandconsumers.Questions:16.Whatisthemainissuefacedbysmall-scalecoffeefarmersaccordingtothepassage?17.Howhasclimatechangeaffectedcoffeeproduction?18.Whatcontributestothevolatilityofcoffeepricesintheglobalmarket?19.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomelaborissuesfacedbycoffeefarmers?20.Whatmeasurescouldhelpimprovethesituationforcoffeefarmers?---試卷答案PartIReadingComprehensionPassageOne1.B2.C3.A,B,D4.B5.A解析思路：1.主旨題。通讀全文，文章首先提出AI可能導(dǎo)致失業(yè)的擔(dān)憂，然后分別從歷史角度（技術(shù)革命會(huì)創(chuàng)造新機(jī)會(huì)）、經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)（收入不平等是政策問(wèn)題）、倫理問(wèn)題（算法偏見(jiàn)、隱私）等方面進(jìn)行論述，最后總結(jié)認(rèn)為AI的影響取決于人類(lèi)的抉擇。文章并未否定AI的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，而是強(qiáng)調(diào)需要積極應(yīng)對(duì)，故選B（AI對(duì)社會(huì)的影響是一個(gè)復(fù)雜問(wèn)題，需要積極應(yīng)對(duì)）。2.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Historically,technologicalrevolutions,fromtheIndustrialRevolutiontothedigitalage,havesimilarlydisruptedlabormarkets,onlytocreatenewopportunitiesandindustriesthatcouldnothavebeenanticipatedatthetime.”可知，歷史上的技術(shù)革命同樣顛覆了勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)，但也創(chuàng)造了當(dāng)時(shí)無(wú)法預(yù)見(jiàn)的新機(jī)會(huì)和產(chǎn)業(yè)。故選C（歷史上的技術(shù)進(jìn)步雖然會(huì)擾亂就業(yè)市場(chǎng)，但最終會(huì)創(chuàng)造新的工作機(jī)會(huì)）。3.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Ifgovernmentsandbusinessesfailtoimplementmeasuressuchasuniversalbasicincome,retrainingprograms,andeducationreform,thenegativeimpactsonincomedistributioncouldindeedbesevere.Conversely,proactivepoliciescanensurethatthebenefitsofAIaremoreequitablysharedacrosssociety.”可知，如果政府和企業(yè)不實(shí)施全民基本收入、再培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃和教育改革等措施，收入分配的不利影響確實(shí)會(huì)很?chē)?yán)重。相反，積極的政策可以確保AI的益處更公平地惠及整個(gè)社會(huì)。這意味著A（全民基本收入）、B（再培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃）、D（教育改革）等措施有助于緩解收入不平等。故選A,B,D。4.詞匯題。根據(jù)上下文，“exacerbateincomeinequality”意為收入不平等加劇。選項(xiàng)中，“widen”意為擴(kuò)大，與“exacerbate”（加?。┮馑甲罱咏?。故選B。5.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Moreover,theincreasingsurveillancecapabilitiesenabledbyAIcouldinfringeuponindividualprivacyrights.”以及第四段第二句“Theword'exacerbate'inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:B)widen”中提到的“exacerbate”與“widen”同義，可以推斷，AI帶來(lái)的監(jiān)控能力可能會(huì)侵犯?jìng)€(gè)人隱私權(quán)。故選A（隱私侵犯）。PassageTwo6.D7.B8.C9.A,B,D10.B解析思路：6.主旨題。通讀全文，文章首先提出數(shù)字學(xué)習(xí)平臺(tái)在教育中的應(yīng)用及其爭(zhēng)議，然后分別論述了其個(gè)性化學(xué)習(xí)的優(yōu)勢(shì)（第一段）和可能導(dǎo)致的表面學(xué)習(xí)、減少批判性思維等弊端（第二、三段），最后總結(jié)認(rèn)為其有效性取決于如何實(shí)施和與其它方法結(jié)合。文章全面探討了數(shù)字學(xué)習(xí)平臺(tái)的利弊，故選D（本文旨在探討數(shù)字學(xué)習(xí)平臺(tái)在教育中的利弊及其影響）。7.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“theseplatformsoftenutilizeadaptivelearningalgorithmsthattailorcontenttoindividualstudentneeds,allowinglearnerstoprogressattheirownpaceandfocusonareaswheretheyrequireadditionalsupport.”可知，自適應(yīng)學(xué)習(xí)算法通過(guò)根據(jù)學(xué)生的個(gè)人需求定制內(nèi)容，使學(xué)習(xí)者能夠根據(jù)自己的節(jié)奏學(xué)習(xí)，并專(zhuān)注于需要額外支持的地方。這體現(xiàn)了個(gè)性化學(xué)習(xí)的特點(diǎn)。故選B（通過(guò)根據(jù)學(xué)生需求定制內(nèi)容實(shí)現(xiàn)個(gè)性化）。8.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Whenlearningismediatedprimarilythroughinteractivequizzesandmultimediacontent,studentsmightfocusonachievinghighscoresratherthandevelopingadeepunderstandingofthesubjectmatter.Thiscanleadtoasuperficialgraspofconcepts,whereknowledgeisacquiredwithouttruecomprehensionortheabilitytoapplyitinreal-worldcontexts.”可知，當(dāng)學(xué)習(xí)主要通過(guò)互動(dòng)測(cè)驗(yàn)和多媒體內(nèi)容進(jìn)行時(shí)，學(xué)生可能更專(zhuān)注于獲得高分，而不是深入理解學(xué)科知識(shí)，這可能導(dǎo)致對(duì)概念的表面理解。故選C（可能導(dǎo)致對(duì)知識(shí)的表面理解，缺乏深度）。9.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Prolongedexposuretoscreenshasbeenlinkedtoissuessuchaseyestrain,headaches,anddisruptedsleeppatterns.”可知，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間接觸屏幕與眼睛疲勞、頭痛和睡眠模式紊亂等問(wèn)題有關(guān)。故選A（眼睛疲勞）、B（頭痛）、D（睡眠模式紊亂）。10.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“However,itiscrucialtobemindfuloftheirlimitationsandtoensurethattheycomplement,ratherthanreplace,thehumanelementsofeducationthatareessentialforfosteringcriticalthinking,collaboration,andholisticdevelopment.”可知，重要的是要注意到它們的局限性，并確保它們補(bǔ)充而不是取代那些對(duì)于培養(yǎng)批判性思維、協(xié)作和全面發(fā)展至關(guān)重要的人類(lèi)元素。這表明數(shù)字學(xué)習(xí)平臺(tái)應(yīng)與其他教學(xué)方法結(jié)合，作為教育的補(bǔ)充。故選B（應(yīng)與其他教學(xué)方法結(jié)合，作為教育的補(bǔ)充）。PassageThree11.A12.B,C,D13.C14.D15.B解析思路：11.主旨題。通讀全文，文章首先提出可持續(xù)發(fā)展的概念及其涵蓋環(huán)境、社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)三個(gè)維度，然后分別闡述了環(huán)境可持續(xù)性（減少環(huán)境破壞）、社會(huì)可持續(xù)性（促進(jìn)公平正義）和經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)性（環(huán)境友好且社會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)），最后強(qiáng)調(diào)實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展需要各方合作。文章的核心是介紹可持續(xù)發(fā)展及其多維度內(nèi)涵。故選A（本文主要介紹了可持續(xù)發(fā)展的概念及其多維度內(nèi)涵）。12.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Fromanenvironmentalperspective,sustainabilityfocusesonminimizinghumanimpactonthenaturalworld.Thisinvolvesreducingpollution,conservingnaturalresources,andmitigatingclimatechange.”可知，從環(huán)境角度來(lái)看，可持續(xù)發(fā)展側(cè)重于最大限度地減少人類(lèi)對(duì)自然世界的影響，這包括減少污染、保護(hù)自然資源和減緩氣候變化。故選B（減少污染）、C（保護(hù)自然資源）、D（減緩氣候變化）。13.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Socialsustainability,ontheotherhand,emphasizestheimportanceofcreatingequitableandinclusivesocieties.”可知，社會(huì)可持續(xù)性強(qiáng)調(diào)創(chuàng)建公平包容的社會(huì)的重要性。這意味著社會(huì)可持續(xù)性與公平有關(guān)。故選C（與社會(huì)公平有關(guān)）。14.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Economicsustainabilityisanothercrucialdimensionofthesustainabilityframework.Itinvolvespromotingeconomicgrowththatisenvironmentallysoundandsociallyresponsible.”可知，經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)性是可持續(xù)發(fā)展框架的另一個(gè)關(guān)鍵維度，它涉及促進(jìn)環(huán)境友好且社會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。故選D（促進(jìn)環(huán)境友好且社會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)）。15.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Educationandawarenessarekeytofosteringacultureofsustainability,wherepeopleunderstandtheimportanceofmakinginformedchoicesthatcontributetoahealthierplanetandmoreequitablesociety.”可知，教育和意識(shí)是培養(yǎng)可持續(xù)發(fā)展文化的關(guān)鍵，在這種文化中，人們了解做出明智選擇的重要性，這些選擇有助于創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更健康的星球和更公平的社會(huì)。故選B（培養(yǎng)可持續(xù)發(fā)展文化）。PassageFour16.A17.B18.C19.A,B20.A,C,D解析思路：16.主旨題。通讀全文，文章首先指出全球咖啡業(yè)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，特別是小規(guī)?？Х绒r(nóng)的困境，然后分別從氣候變化（影響產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量）、市場(chǎng)波動(dòng)（價(jià)格不穩(wěn)定）、勞動(dòng)問(wèn)題（工資低、季節(jié)性失業(yè)、被剝削）等方面闡述這些問(wèn)題。最后提出需要采取措施改善農(nóng)民狀況。文章的核心內(nèi)容是討論小規(guī)?？Х绒r(nóng)面臨的困境。故選A（小規(guī)?？Х绒r(nóng)面臨的困境）。17.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Theclimatechangehashadaprofoundimpactoncoffeeproduction,withrisingtemperaturesandchangingprecipitationpa