2022屆山東省濟(jì)寧市高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）該部分分為第一、第二兩節(jié)。注意:回答聽力部分時(shí)，請(qǐng)先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。聽力部分結(jié)束前，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將你的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到客觀題答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanlikeabouttheplay?A.Thestory.B.Theending.C.Theactor.2.Whichplacearethespeakerstryingtofind?A.Ahotel.B.Abank.C.Arestaurant.3.Atwhattimewillthetwospeakersmeet?A.5:20.B.5:10.C.4:40.4.Whatwillthemando?A.Changetheplan.B.Waitforaphonecall.C.Sortthingsout.5.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Seeafilmwiththeman.B.Offerthemansomehelp.CListentosomegreatmusic.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhereisBen?A.Inthekitchen.B.Atschool.C.Inthepark.7.Whatwillthechildrendointheafternoon?A.Helpsetthetable.B.Haveaparty.C.Dotheirhomework.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Afamilyholiday.B.Abusinesstrip.C.Atravelplan.9.WheredidRachelgo?A.Spain.B.Italy.C.China.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howdidthewomangettoknowaboutthird-handsmoke?A.Fromyoungsmokers.B.Fromanewspaperarticle.C.Fromsomesmokingparents.11.Whydoesthemansaythatheshouldkeepawayfrombabies?A.Hehasjustbecomeafather.B.Hewearsdirtyclothes.C.Heisasmoker.12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestsmokingparentsshoulddo?A.Stopsmokingaltogether.B.Smokeonlyoutsidetheirhouses.C.Reducedangerousmatterincigarettes.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WheredoesMichelleRaycomefrom?A.Amiddle-sizedcity.B.Asmalltown.C.Abigcity.14.WhichplacewouldMichelleRaytakehervisitorstoforshopping?A.TheZenGarden.B.TheHighlands.15.WhatdoesMichelleRaydoforcompletequiet?A.Gocamping.B.Studyinalibrary.C.Readathome.16.Whatarethespeakerstalkingaboutingeneral?A.Late-nightshopping.B.Asianfood.C.Louisville.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhydosomepeoplesaytheyneverhavedreamsaccordingtoDr.Garfield?A.Theyforgetabouttheirdreams.B.Theydon’twanttotellthetruth.C.Theyhavenobadexperiences.18.WhydidDavisstophavingdreams?A.Hegotaseriousheartattack.B.Hewastoosadabouthisbrother’sdeath.C.Hewasfrightenedbyaterribledream.19.WhatisDr.Garfield’sopinionaboutdreaming?A.Itisveryuseful.B.Itmakesthingsworse.C.Itpreventsthemindfromworking.20.Whydosomepeopleturnofftheirdreamscompletely?A.Tosleepbetter.B.Torecoverfromillnesses.C.Tostayawayfromtheirproblems.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。ALOIEnglish—EnglishConversationClassesTakeEnglishconversationclasseswithnativeEnglish-speakingteachersfromtheUnitedStates,IrelandandAustralia,live,1-on-1.ThisisbyfarthebestwaytoimproveyourrealspokenEnglishandlisteningabilitiesandgettoalevelwhereyoucanuseitinreal-lifesituations.Ourteachersmainlycarryonconversationsaboutworkindifferentfields,suchasbusiness,finance,politicsandtravel.However,ifyoulike,youcanhavenormalday-to-dayconversationsaboutevents,weather,etc.Ifyouwouldliketolearnsomegrammarduringconversation,wecandothattoo!OurEnglishConversationclasses：?YourconversationswillalwaysbewithanativeEnglishspeaker.?Youcanchoosethetime,dayandteacherforeachclass.?Theclassesaremadeforeachstudentindividually.Theywillbeatyourlevel,studyingwhatyouneedandwhatinterestsyou.Packages10ClassesPackage$229.90Interestedintaking10,55-minuteconversationEnglishclasses?ScheduleafirstfreeclasswithLOIEnglishandtalktotheteacheraboutit.Afterthat,youcanarrangetotakeour10-classconversationEnglishcourse.20ClassesPackage$439,80Interestedintaking20,55-minuteconversationEnglishclasses?ScheduleafirstfreeclasswithLOIEnglishandtalktotheteacheraboutit.Afterthat,youcanarrangetotakeour20-classconversationEnglishcourse.1.Whatdotheclassesmainlyfocuson?A.Dailyconversations. B.Work-relatedtopics.C.Grammarrules. D.Area-basedaccents.2.WhichisNOTofferedtothestudents?A.NativeEnglish-speakingteachers. B.Personalizedcourses.C.Choiceofclasstimeandteacher. D.Offlinelearningmaterials.3.Whatshouldastudentdofirstifhedecidesoneitherofthepackages?A.ArrangeafreeclasswithLOIEnglish.B.BargainwithLOIEnglishforlowerfees.C.ChooseanexperiencedLOIEnglishteacher.D.Makeapromisetositthrougheachclass.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)英語會(huì)話課程的相關(guān)情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Ourteachersmainlycarryonconversationsaboutworkindifferentfields,suchasbusiness,finance,politicsandtravel.(我們的老師主要進(jìn)行不同領(lǐng)域的工作對(duì)話，比如商業(yè)、金融、政治和旅游。)”可知，這個(gè)英語會(huì)話課程主要聚焦于與工作相關(guān)的一些話題。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OurEnglishConversationclasses中的“?YourconversationswillalwaysbewithanativeEnglishspeaker.?Youcanchoosethetime,dayandteacherforeachclass.?Theclassesaremadeforeachstudentindividually.Theywillbeatyourlevel,studyingwhatyouneedandwhatinterestsyou.(?你的對(duì)話總是和以英語為母語的人。?您可以選擇上課的時(shí)間、日期和老師。?每個(gè)學(xué)生都有自己的課程。他們會(huì)和你的水平一樣，研究你需要的和你感興趣的東西。)”可知，線下學(xué)習(xí)材料不提供給學(xué)生。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后兩段“Interestedintaking10,55-minute

conversation

English

classes?Scheduleafirstfreeclass

with

LOI

English

andtalktotheteacheraboutit.(對(duì)上20或55分鐘的英語會(huì)話課感興趣嗎?用LOI英語安排第一堂免費(fèi)課，并和老師談?wù)?。之后，你可以安排參加我?0班的會(huì)話英語課程。)”可知，在上課前，學(xué)生應(yīng)和LOI

English

預(yù)約并安排一節(jié)免費(fèi)課程。故選A。BWendyBennettwasappointedtheexecutivedirectorofAgSafefouryearsago.Initially,shewasunsureshehadtheskillsandabilitiesneededtodothejob.“Therewasnothingshortofterror,”shesaid.“Icertainlydidn'thavetheeducationalbackgroundforit,althoughIhaveagoodeducation.”Despiteseekingthehelpofaformalmentor(導(dǎo)師)，Wendystillfeltshecouldimprove—thisiswhenshedecidedshewantedtopursuefurthereducation.ShesawUFred'sExecutiveMBAprogramrunbytheCanadianSocietyofSafetyEngineering(CSSE),ofwhichsheisamember.Wendysaidthatalongwiththecoursework,learningfromherpeersandclassmatesandusingtheirexampleshelpedmakeherorganizationstrongerandbetter.WithherEMBAfromUFred,Wendybelievesshecannowperformherjobwithconfidence,andthatit'salsobenefitedthepeoplesheworkswith.“IreallybelievethatIhaveanopportunitytohelpmyorganizationtogrowandtobereallysuccessfulinthefuture,”shesaid.Wendy’sclassroomexperiencegavehertheconfidencetocommunicateeffectivelytoeverylevelofherorganization.Shealsoseesadifferenceinhowshedealswithnotonlystaff,butalsoinhowsheinteractswithboardmembers.Shesaidtheabilitytobeconvincingandspeakproperlywithregardstogovernanceandhowaboardofdirectorscanfunctionexcellentlyissomethingshepreviouslywasn'tasskilledin.“Icanworkwithmyboardofdirectorstodoabetterjobwithstrategicplanningtomoveourorganizationintothefuture,”shesaid.WhileWendyadmitstheEMBAprogramisalotofwork,it'ssatisfyingattheendoftheday.“Nothingworthhavingcomeseasily.Ithinkanybodywhowantstotaketheircareertothenextlevel,theyneedtohavethebroadrangeoftheeducationthatthisEMBAprovides,”sheadded.4.HowwasWendywhenappointedexecutivedirectorofAgSafe?A.Shefeltlackofability.B.Shewasfullofconfidence.C.Shewasproudofherself.D.Shefeltqualifiedoftheposition.5.WhywasherclassroomexperiencementionedinParagraph3?A.Toexplaintheimportanceoforganization.B.Toshowtheinfluenceofcommunication.C.Topraisetheeffectivenessofboardmembers.D.Tostresstheimprovementofherworkingability.6.Wendy'swordsinthelastparagraphserveas.A.anexplanationwhysomepeoplegrewhappyB.аnехаmрlеfоrоnе’?ехресtаt?оn?оfthе?rjоbC.adescriptionofpersonalvaluesandsocialhelpD.anstatementofeducationvaluesinone'scareergrowth7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Wendy'sexperience:overcomingdifficultiesB.Wendy'snewjob:theexecutivedirectorofAgSafeC.Wendy'sstory:findingconfidenceinanewroleD.Wendy'sclassroom:aplacewhichinspiresconfidence【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了一位職場(chǎng)女性Wendy一路走來的成長(zhǎng)。從初被任命為執(zhí)行董事時(shí)的擔(dān)憂、缺乏自信，到后來在不斷地學(xué)習(xí)中找到自信?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Initially,shewasunsureshehadtheskillsandabilitiesneededtodothejob.”（起初，她不確定自己是否具備做這項(xiàng)工作所需的技能和能力。）可知，當(dāng)Wendy被任命為執(zhí)行董事時(shí)，最初她覺得她是缺乏能力的，故選A。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Wendy’sclassroomexperiencegavehertheconfidencetocommunicateeffectivelytoeverylevelofherorganization.”（Wendy的課堂經(jīng)驗(yàn)讓她有信心與組織的各個(gè)層面進(jìn)行有效溝通。）可知，上完課后，Wendy的溝通能力加強(qiáng)，提及課堂經(jīng)驗(yàn)是為了表明她從中提高了工作能力，故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ithinkanybodywhowantstotaketheircareertothenextlevel,theyneedtohavethebroadrangeoftheeducationthatthisEMBAprovides”（我認(rèn)為，任何想在職業(yè)生涯上更進(jìn)一步的人，都需要接受EMBA提供的廣泛的教育）可知，這是在陳述教育價(jià)值在個(gè)人職業(yè)成長(zhǎng)中的重要性，故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了一位職場(chǎng)女性Wendy一路走來的成長(zhǎng)。從初被任命為執(zhí)行董事時(shí)的擔(dān)憂缺乏自信，到后來在不斷地學(xué)習(xí)中找到自信，由此判斷本文的最佳標(biāo)題為：溫蒂的故事：在新角色中找到自信。故選C。CThehealthbenefitsofstayingactivearealreadywell-known.Itcanhelpyoumanageweight,keepbloodsugarlevelsdownandreduceriskfactorsforheartdisease.Now,anewstudysuggeststhatregularlyplayingsports,especiallybadmintonortennis,isnotonlyhealthybutalsoreducesyourriskofdeath,atanyage,byapproximately50%.Thisisabigscalepopulationstudytoexplorethehealthbenefitsofsportsintermsofdeathrate.Thestudyevaluatedresponsesfrom80,306adultsaged30andaboveinEnglandandScotland,whoweresurveyedabouttheirhealth,lifestyleandexercisepatterns.Afteradjustingfactorssuchasage,sex,weight,smokinghabits,alcoholuse,educationandotherformsofexercisebesidesthenamedsports,theresearcherscomparedtheriskofdeathamongpeoplewhotookpartinasporttothosewhodidn’t.Thepercentageofreducedriskofdeathwasfoundtobe:47%forracket（球拍）sports,28%forswimmingand15%forcycling.Inadditiontothis,thestudydidn’tfindanysignificantreductionintheriskforsportslikerunningandfootball.Thefindingsalsoexposedthatover44%oftheparticipantsmettheguidelinesfortherecommendedexerciselevelstostayfitandhealthy,whichamountsto150minutesofmoderate(適度的)physicalactivityinaweek.Doesthismeanyoustoprunningorplayingfootballandswitchtotennisinstead?Everykindofsportandphysicalactivityhasdifferentphysical,socialandmentalbenefitsattachedtoit.Theapparentlackofbenefitsofrunningandfootballcouldresultfromseveralvariablesthatwerenottakenintoaccount.Beingactivehelpsyoufeelhappierandlivelonger.So,themostimportantstepistotakepartinanykindofsportthatyouarelikelytoenjoyandfollowinthelongterm.8.Howisthestudyconducted?A.Bydoingcomparativeexperiments. B.Byanalyzingpreviousdata.C.Byevaluatingsurveyinformation. D.Bytrackingparticipantsforalongtime.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thenamedsports”referto?A.Ballsports. B.Racketsports.C.Individualsports. D.Traditionalsports.10.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph5?A.Fewpeoplewillplayfootball. B.Tenniswillbecomemorepopular.C.Theresultofthisstudyiswrong. D.Thestudyneedstobefurtherimproved.11.Whatdoestheauthoradvisepeopletodo?A.Sticktoanysportthatyoulike. B.Playbadmintonandtennisonly.C.Stoprunningandplayingfootball. D.Doanysportaccordingtoguidelines.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。研究表明，羽毛球和網(wǎng)球這樣的球拍類運(yùn)動(dòng)最有助于減少死亡率，只要長(zhǎng)期堅(jiān)持喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)，保持積極心態(tài)，都會(huì)使你感到幸福?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thestudyevaluatedresponsesfrom80,306adultsaged30andaboveinEnglandandScotland,whoweresurveyedabouttheirhealth,lifestyleandexercisepatterns.”（這項(xiàng)研究評(píng)估了英格蘭和蘇格蘭80306名30歲及以上成年人關(guān)于他們的健康，生活方式和運(yùn)動(dòng)模式的調(diào)查反饋。）由此可知，這個(gè)研究是通過評(píng)估調(diào)查問卷來進(jìn)行的。故選C?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。第二段開頭提到打羽毛球和網(wǎng)球?qū)p少死亡率的巨大作用，接下來的介紹用調(diào)查研究來證明這個(gè)結(jié)論。根據(jù)“Afteradjustingfactorssuchasage,sex,weight,smokinghabits,alcoholuse,educationandotherformsofexercise”可知，研究中評(píng)估了參與實(shí)驗(yàn)人員的年齡、性別、體重、吸煙習(xí)慣、飲酒、受教育程度以及包括指定運(yùn)動(dòng)在內(nèi)的其他運(yùn)動(dòng)形式等因素。由此可知指的是段首提到的羽毛球和網(wǎng)球，再根據(jù)下文“47%forracketsports,”可知，thenamedsports指的就是羽毛球和網(wǎng)球。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Theapparentlackofbenefitsofrunningandfootballcouldresultfromseveralvariablesthatwerenottakenintoaccount.”（跑步和足球明顯缺乏益處可能是由于沒有考慮到幾個(gè)變量造成的。）可知，這個(gè)研究沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)跑步和足球明顯的好處，可能是由于幾個(gè)沒有考慮到的變量造成的。這說明，這個(gè)研究還是有不足之處的地方，研究需要進(jìn)一步改善。故選D?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“themostimportantstepistotakepartinanykindofsportthatyouarelikelytoenjoyandfollowinthelongterm”（最重要的一步是參加任何一種你可能喜歡并長(zhǎng)期追隨的運(yùn)動(dòng)。）可知，作者建議人們喜歡什么運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目就參與什么項(xiàng)目，只要長(zhǎng)期堅(jiān)持就好。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】DNASAhasflownanaircraftonanotherplanetforthefirsttime.OnMonday,April19,Ingenuity,a1.8-kilogramdrone(無人機(jī))helicopter,tookofffromthesurfaceofMars,flewupaboutthreemeters,thenhoveredfor40secondsandtookphotosabovewithoneofitstwocameras.ThehistoricmomentwaslivestreamedonYouTube.“Wecannowsaythathumanbeingshaveflownadronehelicopteronanotherplanet,”saidMiMiAung,theIngenuityMarsHelicopterprojectmanageratNASA'sJetPropulsionLaboratory,atapressconference.“We,together,flewatMars,andwe,together,nowhaveourWrightbrothersmoment,”sheadded,referringtothefirstpoweredairplaneflightonEarthin1903.Thedetails:Theflightwasasignificanttechnicalchallenge,thankstoMars'sbone-chillingtemperatures(nightscandropdownto-130°F/-90°C)anditsincrediblythinatmosphere—just1%thedensityofEarth's.ThatmeantIngenuityhadtobelight,withrotorblades(螺旋槳)thatwerebiggerandfasterthanwouldbeneededtoachieveliftoffonEarth(althoughthegravityonMars,whichisonlyaboutone-thirdofEarth's,workedinitsfavor).TheflighthadoriginallybeenscheduledtotakeplaceonApril11butwasdelayedbysoftwareissues.Whyit'ssignificant:BeyondbeingasignificantmilestoneforMarsexplorationtheflightwillalsopavethewayforengineerstothinkaboutnewwaystoexploreotherplanets.Futuredronehelicopterscouldhelpastronautsbyscopingoutlocations,exploringinaccessibleareas,andcapturingimages.IngenuitywillalsohelpinformthedesignofDragonfly,acar-sizedronethatNASAisplanningtosendtoSaturn'smoonTitanin2027.What'snext:Inthenextfewweeks,Ingenuitywillconductfourmoreflights,eachlastingupto90seconds.EachoneisdesignedtofurtherpushthelimitsofIngenuity'scapabilities.Ingenuityisonlydesignedtolastfor30Martiandays,andisexpectedtostopfunctioningaroundMay4.ItsfinalrestingplacewillbeintheJezeroCraterasNASAmovesontothemainfocusofitsmission:GettingthePerseverancerover(毅力號(hào)火星探測(cè)器)tostudyMarsforevidenceoflife.12.WhydoesMiMiAungmentionWrightbrothers?A.TohonorthehistoriccontributionofWrightbrothers.B.TomakeacomparisonbetweenWrightbrothersandherself.C.TohighlighttheimportanceofIngenuity'sMartianexploration.D.ToremindthepublicofthefirstpoweredairplaneflightonEarth.13.WhatcausedchallengesforIngenuitydesigners?A.Thedelayofsoftwaretests.B.TheforceofgravityonMars.C.Mars'stemperaturesandatmosphere.D.TechnicaldifficultyinliftoffonEarth.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“milestone”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Agreatvictory. B.Adifficulttask.C.Aroadsidestone. D.Ahistoricevent.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.MarsDroneHelicopterMakesHistoricFirstFlightB.ModernWrightBrothersMoment:MarsExplorationC.FirstDroneHelicopterSpotsEvidenceofLifeonMarsD.Ingenuity:MarsDroneFliestoTakeIncrediblePictures【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹人類第一部火星飛行無人機(jī)的相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)、重要意義以及后續(xù)的探索計(jì)劃?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。由第一段中的““Wecannowsaythathumanbeingshaveflownadronehelicopteronanotherplanet,”saidMiMiAung,theIngenuityMarsHelicopterprojectmanageratNASA'sJetPropulsionLaboratory,atapressconference.“We,together,flewatMars,andwe,together,nowhaveourWrightbrothersmoment,”sheadded,referringtothefirstpoweredairplaneflightonEarthin1903.(“我們現(xiàn)在可以說，人類已經(jīng)在另一個(gè)星球上駕駛了一架無人駕駛直升機(jī)，”美國(guó)航天局噴氣推進(jìn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室獨(dú)創(chuàng)性火星直升機(jī)項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理MiMiAung在記者招待會(huì)上說?！拔覀円黄鹪诨鹦秋w行，我們一起，現(xiàn)在有了我們的萊特兄弟時(shí)刻，”她補(bǔ)充說，指的是1903年地球上第一架動(dòng)力飛機(jī)飛行)”和結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，萊特兄弟發(fā)明飛機(jī)是一件很重要的事，發(fā)言人MiMiAung提到萊特兄弟，是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)此次探索的重要意義。故選C項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“Theflightwasasignificanttechnicalchallenge,thankstoMars'sbone-chillingtemperatures(nightscandropdownto-130°F/-90°C)anditsincrediblythinatmosphere—just1%thedensityofEarth's.(這次飛行是一次重大的技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)，這要?dú)w功于火星令人寒心的溫度（夜晚可以降到-130華氏度/-90攝氏度）和難以置信的稀薄大氣層——只有地球密度的1%)”可知，此次探索的主要的挑戰(zhàn)來自溫度和大氣層。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。由第三段中的“Whyit'ssignificant:BeyondbeingasignificantmilestoneforMarsexploration,theflightwillalsopavethewayforengineerstothinkaboutnewwaystoexploreotherplanets.(重要的原因：這次飛行不僅是火星探測(cè)的一個(gè)重要milestone，還將為工程師們思考探索其他行星的新方法鋪平道路)”可知，本句指這次飛行的重要?dú)v史意義，milestone指“歷史性事件”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。由第一段中的“NASAhasflownanaircraftonanotherplanetforthefirsttime.(美國(guó)宇航局首次在另一顆行星上駕駛飛機(jī))”以及后文說明了本次飛行的重要性等，可知“火星無人駕駛直升機(jī)歷史性首次飛行”符合文意。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoDealWithRudenessWhenyouencounterrudepeople,doyourbesttomaintainyourdignity.Thatmightmakethemmadder,butonlyyouhavecontroloveryourownbehaviorandhowyoudealwiththem.Andwhateveryoudo,neverlettheotherperson'sbadbehaviorprovoke(激起)youintothrowingyourowntemperoutburst.____16____●Showempathyandsympathy.Thisrequiresunderstandingwhythepersonisbeingrude.Forexample,ifsomeoneyellsatsomeoneelseinpublic(evenyou),youmightmentionthatyou'vehadroughdaystoo,andyoutotallyunderstandhowhe'sfeeling.Chancesare,thatwon'tcalmdownsomeonewhoisrudetothecore,butifit'samomentarylapse(一時(shí)的失誤)inmanners,he'llprobablyapologize.Acceptitandmoveon.Ifhegetsangrier,letitgo.____17____●____18____Ifsomeoneyoucan'tgetawayfromisconsistentlyrudetoyou,haveaconversationandaddresstheissue.Askhimifherealizesthatthethingshesaysordoesshowalackofrespectforothers.Hemightnotrealizehe'sbeingrude.Ifhecares,he'llapologizeandtrytobemorepolite.____19____Ifhe'sacoworkerornext-doorneighbor,it'sdifficulttocompletelystayawayfromhim,butyoucanlimityourcontactasmuchaspossible.●Offerextrakindness.____20____However,ifyouareabletokeepyourheadupandsetanexample,sometimestheotherpersonwilleventuallycalmdownandfollowyourlead.Don'tcountonthishappening,butitmightbeworthashotifyoudon'thaveachoicebuttobearoundhim.A.Nothingisimpossibletotolerate.B.Callthepersonoutonhisbehavior.C.Ifhedoesn't,thenyouneedtoavoidthisperson.D.Herearesomewaysyoucantrytodealwiththem.E.Remember,youareonlyhumananditisOKtogetmad.F.There'snothingyoucandotostophimormakehimbehave.G.Thismightbedifficultorevenimpossibleiftherudenessismorethanyoucanbear.【答案】16.D17.F18.B19.C20.G【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要談?wù)撊绾螒?yīng)對(duì)他人的粗魯行為，共給出三個(gè)建議?！?6題詳解】由上一句“Andwhateveryoudo,neverlettheotherperson'sbadbehaviorprovoke(激起)youintothrowingyourowntemperoutburst.(不管你做什么，千萬不要讓別人的壞行為激怒你，讓你自己發(fā)脾氣)”，下文小標(biāo)題“●Showempathyandsympathy.(表現(xiàn)出同理心和同情心)”和“●Offerextrakindness.(提供額外的仁慈)”可知，下文提出了應(yīng)對(duì)他人粗魯行為的三個(gè)建議，此處是首段段尾句，作為主旨句引出下文，提供三個(gè)建議，承接上下文，D選項(xiàng)“以下是一些你可以嘗試處理它們的方法?！鼻蓄}。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】由上三句“Chancesare,thatwon'tcalmdownsomeonewhoisrudetothecore,butifit'samomentarylapse(一時(shí)的失誤)inmanners,he'llprobablyapologize.Acceptitandmoveon.Ifhegetsangrier,letitgo.(很有可能，這并不能讓一個(gè)粗魯無禮的人冷靜下來，但如果只是一時(shí)失禮，他可能會(huì)道歉。接受它，繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。如果他更生氣，就讓他去吧)”可知，此處是本段尾句，是該段的結(jié)尾，前文提到，如果對(duì)方道歉，接受他的道歉，讓事情過去；如果對(duì)方更生氣了，隨他去，因?yàn)槟銢]法改變他，承接上文，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“你不能阻止他，也不能讓他乖乖聽話?！鼻蓄}。故選F項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】此處是小標(biāo)題句，作為整段的主旨句，根據(jù)該段段落主旨句“Ifsomeoneyoucan'tgetawayfromisconsistentlyrudetoyou,haveaconversationandaddresstheissue.Askhimifherealizesthatthethingshesaysordoesshowalackofrespectforothers.(如果一個(gè)你無法擺脫的人總是對(duì)你粗魯無禮，那就和他談?wù)劜⒔鉀Q這個(gè)問題。問他是否意識(shí)到他所說或所做的事表明他對(duì)他人缺乏尊重)”可知，該段主要是讓讀者嘗試與對(duì)方溝通，說出對(duì)方的無禮行為，以改變他的粗魯行為，承接下文，B選項(xiàng)“把那個(gè)人的行為說出來?！鼻蓄}。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】由上三句“Askhimifherealizesthatthethingshesaysordoesshowalackofrespectforothers.Hemightnotrealizehe'sbeingrude.Ifhecares,he'llapologizeandtrytobemorepolite.(問他是否意識(shí)到他所說或所做的事表明他對(duì)他人缺乏尊重。他可能沒有意識(shí)到自己很粗魯。如果他在乎的話，他會(huì)道歉并盡量表現(xiàn)得更有禮貌)”和下一句“Ifhe'sacoworkerornext-doorneighbor,it'sdifficulttocompletelystayawayfromhim,butyoucanlimityourcontactasmuchaspossible.(如果他是同事或隔壁鄰居，很難完全遠(yuǎn)離他，但你可以盡可能限制你的聯(lián)系)”可知，上文講針對(duì)“粗魯行為的人是否意識(shí)到自己粗魯行為”的反應(yīng)，假設(shè)了一種回應(yīng)就是粗魯行為的人道歉并表現(xiàn)禮貌，下文卻建議讀者遠(yuǎn)離粗魯行為的人，可得出該空應(yīng)該會(huì)假設(shè)另一種相反的情況，即粗魯行為的人沒有道歉，讀者應(yīng)該怎么辦，承接上下文，C選項(xiàng)“如果他沒有，那你就要避開這個(gè)人?！鼻蓄}。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】由下兩句“However,ifyouareabletokeepyourheadupandsetanexample,sometimestheotherpersonwilleventuallycalmdownandfollowyourlead.Don'tcountonthishappening,butitmightbeworthashotifyoudon'thaveachoicebuttobearoundhim.(然而，如果你能保持清醒的頭腦，樹立榜樣，有時(shí)對(duì)方最終會(huì)冷靜下來，聽從你的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。別指望會(huì)發(fā)生這種事，但如果你別無選擇，只能和他在一起，那也許值得一試)”可知，下文講此法難度高，從下一句的However可知，該句與下句呈轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，從三個(gè)建議的層次關(guān)系來看，屬于容忍度越來越高的層次，Offerextrakindness是最高尚的一種應(yīng)對(duì)方法，因此該句應(yīng)選G，表明此法難度高，但若做到或許有很好的效果，承接下文，G選項(xiàng)“這可能是困難的，甚至不可能的，如果粗魯是超出你的承受能力。”切題。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空內(nèi)處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Alina’slifeasanangeloflovebeganinmiddleschool,when,intheplantingclubofherschool,shelearnedhowtogroweggplants.Fromthenon,shewas____21____ingrowingtheeggplants.Latershefoundabigpieceoflandinthehomebackyardtoplantseeds,hopingto____22____hercropinfall.Thiswas____23____thanitsounds.Shespentallhersparetimecaringfortheplantsandshebecamethinner.However,hergreatcuriositywork____24____.Muchmorethanthefamilycanconsume,shesuddenlyhadanideathatshesoldsomeeggplantsto____25____fundforlocalRescueCenterforBlindChildren.HerfatherBarretstronglysupportedher____26____,anddidsome____27____Alina’seggplants____29____well,thougheggplantsaren’ttheonlychoicewhenpeoplebuyvegetables._____30_____,theyknewtheearningswereforagoodcause.Withinaweek,thoseeggplantshelpedherraise$1,000!Herfatherandshe_____31_____everypennytothecenter.Whatshedidwasvery_____32_____tothecenter.Theheadsaidfundraising_____33_____muchtoprovidingtreatmentforblindchildrenandherdonationcanmakeadifference.Alinafeltveryhappy,planningtodoitwithherfamilyalloveragainnextyear!Inherwords,“Igetalotfromthis_____34_____,I’lltrymybesttousemyownhandshelptheblindchildreninthepoor_____35_____.”21.A.annoyed B.stressed. C.interested D.absorbed22.A.taste. B.show C.deliver D.harvest23.A.harder B.better C.longer D.cheaper24.A.sloweddown B.paidoff C.movedon D.fadedaway25.A.lent B.post C.return D.raise26.A.excuse B.problem C.plan D.hobby27.A.advertising B.shopping C.sharing D.caring.28.A.deal B.fish C.hit D.hand.29.A.planted B.looked C.grew D.sold30.A.Anyhow B.Afterall C.Somehow D.Aboveall31.A.withdraw B.donate C.receive D.appreciate32.A.helpful B.financial C.technical D.temporary33.A.contributes B.connects C.occupies D.removes34.A.ambition B.permission C.experience D.invitation35.A.stores B.families C.schools D.cities【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.D26.C27.A28.C29.D30.B31.B32.A33.A34.C35.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一個(gè)小女孩Alina的故事。由于參加了種植俱樂部而對(duì)種植茄子產(chǎn)生了興趣的Alina種出了很多茄子，已經(jīng)超出家庭的消費(fèi)，于是她想到賣掉茄子為救助中心的盲童籌錢。在父親的支持下，她的計(jì)劃成功了。她的捐款發(fā)揮了作用，也使得她自己認(rèn)識(shí)到要積極地幫助更多的盲童。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：從那時(shí)起，她就熱衷于種植茄子。A.annoyed惱怒的；煩悶的；B.stressed緊張的；感到有壓力的；C.interested感興趣的；D.absorbed一心一意的。根據(jù)前文“intheplantingclubofherschool,shelearnedhowtogroweggplants(在學(xué)校的種植俱樂部，她學(xué)會(huì)了如何種植茄子)”提及她參加了種植俱樂部可知，Alina應(yīng)是對(duì)種植產(chǎn)生了興趣。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，她在自家后院找到了一大塊地，用來播種，希望秋天能收獲作物。A.taste品嘗；嘗起來；B.show展示；表明；C.deliver發(fā)表；遞送；D.harvest收獲。根據(jù)后文賓語“hercrop”意為“她的作物”可知，她希望秋天收獲作物。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這比聽起來難多了。A.harder更難的；B.better更好的；C.longer更長(zhǎng)的；D.cheaper更便宜的。根據(jù)后文“Shespentallhersparetimecaringfortheplantsandshebecamethinner.(她把所有的業(yè)余時(shí)間都花在照料植物上，她變瘦了。)”可知，她付出了很多，這是一個(gè)辛苦的“種植”，做起來比聽起來要難得多。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：然而，她的好奇心得到了回報(bào)。A.sloweddown放慢；使放慢；B.paidoff還清；帶來好結(jié)果；C.movedon繼續(xù)前往；D.fadedaway褪色；逐漸消失。根據(jù)前文“Shespentallhersparetimecaringfortheplantsandshebecamethinner.(她把所有的業(yè)余時(shí)間都花在照料植物上，她變瘦了。)”可知，她付出了很多，而句首的轉(zhuǎn)折副詞“However”則說明付出也獲得了好的回報(bào)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了家庭的消費(fèi)能力，她突然有了一個(gè)想法，她賣掉了一些茄子，為當(dāng)?shù)氐拿ね戎行幕I集資金。A.lent借給；借出；B.post郵寄；公布；C.return歸還；返回；D.raise增加；籌集。根據(jù)后文賓語“fund”意為“基金；資金”可知，應(yīng)是籌集資金幫助盲童。故選D項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的父親巴雷特強(qiáng)烈支持她的計(jì)劃，并在社交媒體上做了一些廣告，但他沒想到女兒的作物會(huì)大受歡迎。A.excuse借口；理由；B.problem問題；C.plan計(jì)劃；D.hobby愛好。與前文“hadanidea”中“idea”相呼應(yīng)，此空應(yīng)是其同義表達(dá)，C項(xiàng)“plan”符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的父親巴雷特強(qiáng)烈支持她的計(jì)劃，并在社交媒體上做了一些廣告，但他沒想到女兒的作物會(huì)大受歡迎。A.advertising廣告；宣傳；B.shopping購(gòu)物；C.sharing共享；D.caring關(guān)愛。根據(jù)后文的狀語“onsocialmedia”意為“在社交媒體上”可知，父親應(yīng)是在社交媒體上對(duì)女兒的計(jì)劃進(jìn)行了宣傳。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的父親巴雷特強(qiáng)烈支持她的計(jì)劃，并在社交媒體上做了一些廣告，但他沒想到女兒的作物會(huì)大受歡迎。A.deal大量；交易；B.fish魚；C.hit很受歡迎的人（或事物）；D.hand手。根據(jù)后文“Withinaweek,thoseeggplantshelpedherraise$1,000!(一周之內(nèi)，這些茄子幫她籌到了1000美元!)”可知，買茄子的人很多，她的茄子很受歡迎。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：愛麗娜的茄子賣得很好，盡管人們買蔬菜時(shí)，茄子并不是唯一的選擇。A.planted種植；B.looked看；看起來；C.grew種植；成長(zhǎng)；D.sold售賣。根據(jù)后文“Withinaweek,thoseeggplantshelpedherraise$1,000!(一周之內(nèi)，這些茄子幫她籌到了1000美元!)”可知，茄子賣得很好。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析和副詞短語辨析。句意：畢竟，他們知道這些錢是用來做好事的。A.Anyhow總之；不管怎樣；B.Afterall畢竟；C.Somehow不知為什么；D.Aboveall首先。前文“thougheggplantsaren’ttheonlychoicewhenpeoplebuyvegetables(盡管茄子并不是人們購(gòu)買蔬菜的唯一選擇)”提及茄子并不是唯一的蔬菜選擇，后文“Withinaweek,thoseeggplantshelpedherraise$1,000!(一周之內(nèi)，這些茄子幫她籌到了1000美元!)”則講到賣了很多錢，因此“____10____,theyknewtheearningswereforagoodcause”應(yīng)是在解釋原因，表達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)折。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她的父親和她把每一分錢都捐給了中心。A.withdraw撤回；取錢；B.donate捐贈(zèng)；C.receive收到；D.appreciate欣賞；感激。根據(jù)后文為“everypennytothecenter(每一分錢都給中心)”可知，他們將錢捐了出去。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她所做的對(duì)中心很有