高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省名校協(xié)作2025-2026學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期10月月考英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ACommunityScienceLearnaboutcommunityscienceprogramsandeventsintheGoldenGateNationalRecreationArea&Mt.Tam.AboutOurCommunityScienceProgramsTheParksConservancy’scommunityscienceprogramscombinelandscape-scalesciencewithcommunityengagement.Communitymembersparticipateinlarge-scalestudiestolistandmonitorspeciesandecosystemsintheparks,helpingtofillgapsinourknowledgeaboutourlocalenvironment.Theseprogramsarealsoanopportunityforvolunteerstolearnnewskillsandtoconnecttolocalpubliclandsthroughparticipationinscience.Programsinclude:*GoldenGateRaptorObservatory—aprogramoftheGoldenGateNationalParksConservancyincooperationwiththeNationalParkServicetoinspirethepreservationofCaliforniaraptorpopulations.*MarinWildlifeWatch—amountainwidestudyusingmotion-activatedcamerastomonitormammalpopulations.*TamalpaisBeeLab—aninventoryofwildbeesonpubliclandsthroughoutMarinCounty.*CaliforniaGiantSalamanderInventory—documentingthismysteriousspecies’populationthroughcrowd-sourceddata.Alltheworkisdoneinpartnershipwithouragencypartners,academicinstitutions,andnonprofitconservationorganizations.Whenyouparticipateinoneofourprograms,yougettolearnnewskillsandcontributetotheseimportantbodiesofknowledgeabouttheworld.Howtoparticipate&ContactUsYoucanlearnmoreaboutourapproachtocommunityscienceandsubmitapplicationon.1.WhatistheaimofCommunityScience?A.Toprotectnaturallandscape. B.Toteachvolunteersnewskills.C.Toobservespeciesandenrichthedata. D.Toconnectwithconservationorganizations.2.Whatprogramwillinsect-loversprefer?A.TamalpaisBeeLab. B.MarinWildlifeWatch.C.GoldenGateRaptorObservatory. D.CaliforniaGiantSalamanderInventory.3.HowcanvolunteersapplyforCommunityScience?A.Bymailingapplicationletters. B.Byvisitingtheofficialwebsite.C.ByvisitingtheParksConservancy. D.Byattendinganinterviewwithagents.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講述了金門國家休閑區(qū)等地的社區(qū)科學(xué)項(xiàng)目及參與方式?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AboutOurCommunitySciencePrograms部分中“Communitymembersparticipateinlarge-scalestudiestolistandmonitorspeciesandecosystemsintheparks,helpingtofillgapsinourknowledgeaboutourlocalenvironment.(社區(qū)成員參與大規(guī)模研究，列出并監(jiān)測(cè)公園內(nèi)的物種和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，幫助填補(bǔ)我們對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境知識(shí)的空白)”可知，社區(qū)科學(xué)的目的是觀察物種并豐富數(shù)據(jù)。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Programsinclude部分中“TamalpaisBeeLab—aninventoryofwildbeesonpubliclandsthroughoutMarinCounty.(塔馬佩斯蜜蜂實(shí)驗(yàn)室——對(duì)馬林縣公共土地上的野蜂進(jìn)行調(diào)查)”可知，昆蟲愛好者會(huì)更喜歡TamalpaisBeeLab這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Howtoparticipate&ContactUs部分中“Youcanlearnmoreaboutourapproachtocommunityscienceandsubmitapplicationon.(你可以在上了解更多關(guān)于我們的社區(qū)科學(xué)方法并提交申請(qǐng))”可知，志愿者可以通過訪問官方網(wǎng)站來申請(qǐng)參與社區(qū)科學(xué)項(xiàng)目。故選B。BWesatatariversiderestaurantontheWillametteRiver,enjoyingspaghettiandwatchingChristmasboatspass.“Isn’tthisthebesteveningever?”Isaid,graspingmyhusband’shand.Weseldomateout,andthesightofthefestiveboatsaddedatouchofmagic.Smilingandchatting,westretchedthedinnerouttonearlytwohours,endingitwithsharedchocolatecake.Ialmostdancedtogetmycoat—ablackwoolonegiventomebymydaughter.Ireachedfortheonlyblackcoatontherack(架子)andputiton.Wait,what?Itreachedbelowmyankle,notmyknee.AndIguessedittobeasize16,notmy8.Blinkingbacktears,Ileftmynumberwiththehostess,surethemix-upwouldsoonbecorrected.Butnocallcamethatnight,northenextday.Heartsick,Ihungthetoo-bigcoatinthecloset,stillwaiting.Monthslater,anotherfreezingnight,myhusbandandIweregettingreadytogotofriendsfordinner.Ipulledthecoatoffitshanger,pursingmylipsaboutmylostcoat.“Wow!”Penny,anoldfriend,exclaimedassoonaswewalkedin.“Veryclassic,”saidMissy,thehostess.Iarchedaneyebrow.“You’rekidding.It’sfoursizestoobig.”Inearlylaunchedintothewholestory,buttheirwordsstoppedme.ForthefirsttimeIlookedatthecoatmorecarefullyandnoticedthefinelabel.Ifrowned.DidIneedanattitudeadjustment?WhatifIwaspositiveinsteadofnegativeaboutmyunplannedacquisition?Insteadofcomplaining,IaskedmyselfwhatIneededtodowiththiscoatinordertoenjoyit.Ihaditalteredbyawomanfromchurchfreeofcharge.Thefollowingweek,thetemperaturedroppedsharply.AsIgatheredthisalteredcoattostepintothecar,Irecalledthecoatmydaughtergaveme,butthisonewasnearlyaswarm—and,asMissysaid,aclassic.NowIwearitwithpleasure.4.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthorfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Shevaluedthefamilytime. B.Sheledaluxuriouslifestyle.C.Sheperformedadancethatday. D.Shewasdissatisfiedattheservice.5.Howdidshefeelwhenshefoundthecoatmix-up?A.Angryandregretful. B.Calmandgrateful.C.Depressedbuthopeful. D.Confusedbutunconcerned.6.Whatmainlyledtoherdecisiontohavethecoatadjusted?A.Theadvicefromherfriends. B.Thereflectiondeepinherheart.C.Thefreeservicefromawoman. D.Thedramaticdropoftemperature.7.Whatdoessheintendtoconveythroughthestory?A.Don’tcryoverspiltmilk.B.Neverjudgeabookbyitscover.C.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.D.Whenlifegivesyoulemons,makelemonade.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己在餐廳誤拿大衣后很苦惱，但是后來自己想辦法解決了問題的故事?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Weseldomateout,andthesightofthefestiveboatsaddedatouchofmagic.(我們很少外出就餐，節(jié)日船只的景象更增添了一絲魔力。)”以及第二段中的“Smilingandchatting,westretchedthedinnerouttonearlytwohours,endingitwithsharedchocolatecake.(我們邊笑邊聊，把晚餐延長(zhǎng)到了將近兩個(gè)小時(shí)，最后還一起分享了巧克力蛋糕。)”可知，作者和丈夫很少外出就餐，卻愿意花時(shí)間享受這頓晚餐，珍惜相處時(shí)光，由此可推斷她重視家庭時(shí)光，故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“blinkingbacktears,Ileftmynumberwiththehostess,surethemix-upwouldsoonbecorrected.(我強(qiáng)忍著淚水，把電話號(hào)碼留給了女服務(wù)員，確信這個(gè)誤會(huì)很快就會(huì)解決。)”以及“Heartsick,Ihungthetoobigcoatinthecloset,stillwaiting.(我心里很難過，把那件太大的大衣掛在衣柜里，依然在等待。)”可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)拿錯(cuò)大衣時(shí)，強(qiáng)忍淚水（難過沮喪），但又留下電話等待解決（抱有希望），因此她的感受是沮喪但抱有希望，故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“DidIneedanattitudeadjustment?WhatifIwaspositiveinsteadofnegativeaboutmyunplannedacquisition?(我需要調(diào)整心態(tài)嗎？如果我對(duì)這件意外得到的東西持積極態(tài)度，而不是消極態(tài)度，會(huì)怎么樣呢？)”以及最后一段中的“Insteadofcomplaining,IaskedmyselfwhatIneededtodowiththiscoatinordertoenjoyit.Ihaditalteredbyawomanfromchurchfreeofcharge.(我沒有抱怨，而是問自己需要做些什么才能喜歡上這件大衣。我請(qǐng)教堂的一位女士免費(fèi)修改了它。)”可知，是作者內(nèi)心的反思（調(diào)整心態(tài)、積極面對(duì)）促使她決定修改大衣，故選B?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的“HeartSick,Ihungthetoobigcoatinthecloset,stillwaiting.(我心里很難過，把那件太大的大衣掛在衣柜里，依然在等待。)”，倒數(shù)第二段中的“DidIneedanattitudeadjustment?WhatifIwaspositiveinsteadofnegativeaboutmyunplannedacquisition?(我需要調(diào)整心態(tài)嗎？如果我對(duì)這件意外得到的東西持積極態(tài)度，而不是消極態(tài)度，會(huì)怎么樣呢？)”以及最后一段中的““Insteadofcomplaining,IaskedmyselfwhatIneededtodowiththiscoatinordertoenjoyit.Ihaditalteredbyawomanfromchurchfreeofcharge.(我沒有抱怨，而是問自己需要做些什么才能喜歡上這件大衣。我請(qǐng)教堂的一位女士免費(fèi)修改了它。)”并瀏覽全文可知，作者誤拿不合身的大衣后，從最初的失落，到反思后轉(zhuǎn)變心態(tài)，將大衣修改后愉快穿著，體現(xiàn)了“把意外的不如意轉(zhuǎn)化為積極結(jié)果”的態(tài)度。選項(xiàng)D“當(dāng)生活給你檸檬時(shí)，就做檸檬水（意為：積極面對(duì)困境，化不利為有利）”是作者最想通過故事向我們傳達(dá)的。故選D。CBuildingsandconstructioncontributetoover37%ofglobalcarbonemissions(排放),whichincludebothoperationalemissions(fromheating,cooling,andlighting)andembodiedcarbon(frombuildingmaterialsandconstructionactivities).Retrofittingexistingbuildings—especiallydeepretrofits—cansignificantlycuttheseemissionswhilealsoimprovinghealth,comfort,andreducinglong-termenergycostsforresidents.EnvironmentalscientistDianaürge-Vorsatzemphasizesthatdeepretrofitsreduceheatingandcoolingenergyuseby80-90%.Unlikeminorupgrades,suchasreplacingwindowsordoors,deepretrofitsinvolveacompleteredesignofinsulation,windows,airsealing,andventilationsystems.This“whole-building”approachtreatsthestructureasanintegratedsystem.Researchshowsthat,inadditiontosavingenergy,deepretrofitsleadtocleanerindoorair,fewerallergens,andlowerratesofrespiratoryillness.Tomeetinternationalclimatetargets,theEuropeanUnionaimstocutbuilding-relatedemissionssharplyby2050.ürge-Vorsatzarguesthatstrongfundingisessentialsincethecostsaretoohighformostindividuals.Sherecommendsusingfundsfromfossilfuelstosupportenergy-efficientupgrades.Reducingunnecessarynewconstruction—especiallyofluxuryhomes—andreusingexistingbuildingsarealsocrucialstrategies.Anotherkeyfocusisusingbiobasedinsulationmaterials,madefromfast-growingplantssuchashemp,straw,orevenseaweedlikePosidonia,whichnotonlyreducedependenceonfossilfuelsbutalsohavethepotentialtostorecarbonandreleasefewertoxins(毒素).However,theirsupplyislimited,andharvestingthemsustainablycauseschallenges.Tobetterunderstandtheenvironmentalimpactsofbuildingmaterials,ürge-Vorsatzandherteamuselifecycleassessments,whichevaluatethetotalimpactofmaterialsfromproductiontoend-of-life.Thoughcomplex,thesetoolshelpbuildersandpolicymakersmakeinformedchoices.ürge-Vorsatzconcludesthatdeepretrofitscombinedwithsustainablematerialsareneveroptional.“Willwemanageit?That’snotthequestion,”shesays.“Wehaveto.Thefutureisalwaysinourhands.”8.Whatdoes“deepretrofit”mainlyinvolve?A.Constructionofnewhomes. B.Additionofdecorativematerials.C.Windowanddoorreplacement. D.Energysavingandsystemupgrade.9.Whatprobablymakesfortherealizationof“deepretrofits”?A.Bringingininvestment. B.Constructingluxuryhouses.C.Avoidingexistingbuildings. D.Usingfossilfuelsefficiently.10.Whatisthemaindifficultyofusingbiobasedmaterials?A.Heavytoxicity. B.Fastgrowth.C.Unstablesourcing. D.Carbonstorage.11.Whatdoesürge-Vorsatzimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Lifecycleassessmentsaresimpletools.B.Deepretrofitsshouldbeputintopractice.C.Lifecycleassessmentsrequirewisechoices.D.Deepretrofitswillencountermanydifficulties.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了對(duì)現(xiàn)有建筑進(jìn)行深度改造可大幅減少碳排放，同時(shí)介紹了深度改造的內(nèi)容、實(shí)現(xiàn)方式、所用材料及相關(guān)建議?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“EnvironmentalscientistDianaürge-Vorsatzemphasizesthatdeepretrofitsreduceheatingandcoolingenergyuseby80-90%.Unlikeminorupgrades,suchasreplacingwindowsordoors,deepretrofitsinvolveacompleteredesignofinsulation,windows,airsealing,andventilationsystems.This“whole-building”approachtreatsthestructureasanintegratedsystem.Researchshowsthat,inadditiontosavingenergy,deepretrofitsleadtocleanerindoorair,fewerallergens,andlowerratesofrespiratoryillness.(環(huán)境科學(xué)家Dianaürge-Vorsatz強(qiáng)調(diào)，深度翻新可將供暖和制冷能耗降低80%至90%。與更換門窗等小型升級(jí)不同，深度翻新需要對(duì)隔熱層、窗戶、氣密性和通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行全面重新設(shè)計(jì)。這種“整棟建筑”改造思路將建筑結(jié)構(gòu)視為一個(gè)有機(jī)整體系統(tǒng)。研究表明，除節(jié)能外，深度翻新還能讓室內(nèi)空氣更清潔、減少過敏原，并降低呼吸道疾病的發(fā)病率。)”可知，“深度改造”主要涉及節(jié)能和系統(tǒng)升級(jí)。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“ürge-Vorsatzarguesthatstrongfundingisessentialsincethecostsaretoohighformostindividuals.(ürge-Vorsatz認(rèn)為，強(qiáng)有力的資金支持至關(guān)重要，因?yàn)閷?duì)大多數(shù)人來說，成本太高了。)”可知，引入投資可能有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)“深度改造”。故選A?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Anotherkeyfocusisusingbiobasedinsulationmaterials,madefromfast-growingplantssuchashemp,straw,orevenseaweedlikePosidonia,whichnotonlyreducedependenceonfossilfuelsbutalsohavethepotentialtostorecarbonandreleasefewertoxins(毒素).However,theirsupplyislimited,andharvestingthemsustainablycauseschallenges.(另一個(gè)重點(diǎn)方向是使用生物基隔熱材料，這類材料由大麻、稻草，甚至波喜蕩草這類海藻等速生植物制成。它們不僅能減少對(duì)化石燃料的依賴，還具備碳儲(chǔ)存潛力，且釋放的毒素更少。然而，這類材料的供應(yīng)有限，如何實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)采集也面臨挑戰(zhàn)。)”可知，使用生物基材料的主要困難是來源不穩(wěn)定。故選C。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ürge-Vorsatzconcludesthatdeepretrofitscombinedwithsustainablematerialsareneveroptional.“Willwemanageit?That’snotthequestion,”shesays.“Wehaveto.Thefutureisalwaysinourhands.”(ürge-Vorsatz總結(jié)道，深度改造與可持續(xù)材料相結(jié)合絕不是可選的?！拔覀兡茏龅絾?？這不是問題所在，”她說?！拔覀儽仨氉龅?。未來永遠(yuǎn)掌握在我們手中?！?”可知，ürge-Vorsatz在最后一段暗示深度改造應(yīng)該付諸實(shí)踐。故選B。DAshumanspecies,ourbigbrainsandflexiblehandshavealwaysmadeusfeelspecial.However,inastudypublishedinthejournalCommunicationsBiology,researchersinvestigatednearly100primatespeciesincludingmonkeys,apesandhumansandrevealedthatthecreatureswithlongerthumbs(拇指)usuallyhadlargerbrains.Theresearchersassumedthatourancestorsfirstevolved(進(jìn)化)handflexibility,whichthenpromotedthedevelopmentofalargerbrain.Forinstance,asprimates’controlofobjectsimproved,theirbrainswouldhavehadtobecomebiggertousetheseabilities,JoannaBaker,leadauthorofthestudysaid.“Ultimately,though,thetwoneededtogohandinhand,”sheadds.WhileBakerandhercolleaguespredictedthatlongerthumbswouldbetiedtogrowthofthecerebellum—thepartofthebrainthatinfluencesmovementandcoordination(協(xié)調(diào)),theteamwassurprisedtofindthattheyareactuallyassociatedwiththeneocortex,alargeregioninvolvedincognitionandsensoryinformation.Thissuggeststhatlongerthumbsare“l(fā)inkedtothinking,notmovement.”Later,theytestedtheideathattheevolutionoflongerthumbsisassociatedwithtooluse,buttheydidn’tfindanycorrelation.Ultimately,“we’vealwaysknownthatourbigbrainsandsharpfingerssetusapart,butnowwecanseetheydidn’tevolveseparately,”Bakersays.Thestudysuggestsourspeciesisnotquiteasuniqueasweoncethought,anditalsorepresentsthefirstdirectevidencethatbrainevolutionandhandflexibilityareassociatedthroughouttheprimatefamilytree.FotiosAlexandrosKarakostis,abiologicalanthropologistwhowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,commentsthattheresearchindicatesthatadaptationstothebrainandhandlikelyevolvedtogether.However,henotesthatthebrainsizeandthumblengthcannottakeonlycreditforthebrainevolutionorhighlevelofhandcoordination.12.Whatwastheassumptionoftheresearchersaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Brainevolutiondeterminedhandsize. B.Biggerbrainsmadehumansintelligent.C.Objectcontrolwaseasyforancestors. D.Handflexibilitydrovebraindevelopment.13.Whydoestheauthormention“tooluse”inparagraph3?A.Tomakeaprediction. B.Toclarifyaconcept.C.Topresentadifferentview. D.Tooffersupportingevidence.14.WhatisKarakostis’attitudetowardstheresearch?A.Favourable. B.Objective. C.Doubtful. D.Indifferent.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Thebiggerthebrain,thelongerthethumb.B.Bigbrainsandsharpfingerssethumansapart.C.Primatebrainsandthumbsevolvetogether.D.Evolutionmainlydependsonbrainsandhands.【答案】12.D13.D14.B15.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在《通訊生物學(xué)》雜志上發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theresearchersassumedthatourancestorsfirstevolved(進(jìn)化)handflexibility,whichthenpromotedthedevelopmentofalargerbrain.(研究人員假設(shè)，我們的祖先首先進(jìn)化出了手部靈活性，隨后這促進(jìn)了更大大腦的發(fā)育。)”可知，研究人員的假設(shè)是手部靈活性推動(dòng)了大腦發(fā)育，故選D?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“WhileBakerandhercolleaguespredictedthatlongerthumbswouldbetiedtogrowthofthecerebellum—thepartofthebrainthatinfluencesmovementandcoordination(協(xié)調(diào)),theteamwassurprisedtofindthattheyareactuallyassociatedwiththeneocortex,alargeregioninvolvedincognitionandsensoryinformation.Thissuggeststhatlongerthumbsare“l(fā)inkedtothinking,notmovement.”Later,theytestedtheideathattheevolutionoflongerthumbsisassociatedwithtooluse,buttheydidn’tfindanycorrelation.(雖然Baker和她的同事預(yù)測(cè)，較長(zhǎng)的拇指與小腦（影響運(yùn)動(dòng)和協(xié)調(diào)的大腦部分）的生長(zhǎng)有關(guān)，但研究小組驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，它們實(shí)際上與新皮層有關(guān)，新皮層是一個(gè)參與認(rèn)知和感覺信息的巨大區(qū)域。這表明，較長(zhǎng)的拇指與“思維有關(guān)，而不是運(yùn)動(dòng)”。后來，他們測(cè)試了拇指較長(zhǎng)進(jìn)化與工具使用有關(guān)的觀點(diǎn)，但沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)任何相關(guān)性。）”可知，作者提到“工具使用”強(qiáng)化了前文得出的核心結(jié)論——“較長(zhǎng)拇指與思考相關(guān)，而非運(yùn)動(dòng)相關(guān)”，為此結(jié)論提供了支撐證據(jù)。故選D?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“FotiosAlexandrosKarakostis...commentsthattheresearchindicatesthatadaptationstothebrainandhandlikelyevolvedtogether.However,henotesthatthebrainsizeandthumblengthcannottakeonlycreditforthebrainevolutionorhighlevelofhandcoordination.(未參與該研究的生物人類學(xué)家福提奧斯?亞歷山德羅斯?卡拉科斯蒂斯評(píng)論稱，這項(xiàng)研究表明大腦和手部的適應(yīng)性可能是共同進(jìn)化的。然而，他指出，大腦大小和拇指長(zhǎng)度不能單獨(dú)被視為大腦進(jìn)化或高水平手部協(xié)調(diào)能力的唯一原因。)”可知，卡拉科斯蒂斯既肯定了研究的結(jié)論（大腦和手部共同進(jìn)化），又指出了研究結(jié)論的局限性（并非唯一原因），態(tài)度客觀，故選B?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“However,inastudypublishedinthejournalCommunicationsBiology,researchersinvestigatednearly100primatespeciesincludingmonkeys,apesandhumansandrevealedthatthecreatureswithlongerthumbs(拇指)usuallyhadlargerbrains.(然而，在《通訊生物學(xué)》雜志上發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員調(diào)查了近100種靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物，包括猴子、猿和人類，發(fā)現(xiàn)拇指較長(zhǎng)的生物通常大腦更大。)”以及最后一段中的“FotiosAlexandrosKarakostis,abiologicalanthropologistwhowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,commentsthattheresearchindicatesthatadaptationstothebrainandhandlikelyevolvedtogether.(沒有參與這項(xiàng)研究的生物人類學(xué)家FotiosAlexandrosKarakostis評(píng)論說，這項(xiàng)研究表明，大腦和手的適應(yīng)性可能是一起進(jìn)化的。)”可知，文章主要講的是靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物的大腦和拇指是一起進(jìn)化的。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Itistruethatsomefolksarenaturallymorepatientthanothers.Butpatienceisnotnecessarilyabornquality.____16____Herearesometipsonhowtobemorepatientinyoureverydaylife.Redefinewhatpatienceactuallymeans.Ifyourideaofpatiencelookslikebeingendlesslyagreeable,nevergettingannoyed,andstayingcalmthroughanyinconvenience,nowonderyoufeelitisimpossibletobepatient.____17____Letithappenwithoutdestroyingyourmood.____18____Abigreasonwhywegetsoupsetwhenlifedoesnotgoourwayisthatweareholdingontoabunchofunspoken“shoulds”.Atitscore,impatienceoftencomesfrom“maincharacterenergy,”—youstayfocusedonlivingyourlife.____19____Theymaybedealingwiththeirowndelays,changes,andprioritiestoo.Sopracticeacceptance,andthenbuildempathy(共情).Beforelosingyourtemper,trypausingtoconsiderwhatelsemightbegoingonfirst.Slowdownyourlifewithyourphysicalmovements.Wheneverythingisseeminglyurgentoroverwhelming,slowingdownseemslikethelastthingyouwouldwanttodo.Butrushingaroundonlymakesyoumoreannoyed,restless,andanxious.Onthecontrary,whenyouphysicallyslowdown,yourbraintendstofollow.Evenjusttakingmoretimetotakeafewdeepbreathscandowondersingraduallybuildingpatience.____20____A.Putyourselfinsomeoneelse’sshoes.B.Changeyourownattitudetowardsothers.C.Infact,itissomethingthatyoucanworkon.D.Itmakessensetocontrolyourselfandbepatient.E.Plus,whenyouarestuckinfrustration,itishardtoconsiderothers.F.Patienceisaboutlearningtoletgooftheneedtocontroleverything.G.Thatishowyoubegintothinkmoreclearlyandhandlewhateveristestingyourpatience.【答案】16.C17.F18.A19.E20.G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章指出耐心并非天生，而是可以通過后天培養(yǎng)獲得的品質(zhì)，并給出了通過重新定義耐心、建立共情、放慢生活節(jié)奏等方式來培養(yǎng)耐心的建議。【16題詳析】上文“Butpatienceisnotnecessarilyabornquality.(但耐心不一定是與生俱來的品質(zhì))”表明耐心并非天生，下文“Herearesometipsonhowtobemorepatientinyoureverydaylife.(這里有一些關(guān)于如何在日常生活中更有耐心的建議)”則指出有方法可以培養(yǎng)耐心，C選項(xiàng)“Infact,itissomethingthatyoucanworkon.(事實(shí)上，這是你可以努力的事情)”承上啟下，說明了耐心是可以通過后天努力培養(yǎng)的，符合題意。故選C。【17題詳析】上文“Ifyourideaofpatiencelookslikebeingendlesslyagreeable,nevergettingannoyed,andstayingcalmthroughanyinconvenience,nowonderyoufeelitisimpossibletobepatient.(如果你對(duì)耐心的理解是永遠(yuǎn)討人喜歡，從不生氣，在任何不便的情況下都保持冷靜，那么難怪你覺得耐心是不可能的)”描述了一種對(duì)耐心的誤解，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Patienceisaboutlearningtoletgooftheneedtocontroleverything.(耐心是學(xué)會(huì)放棄控制一切的需要)”則是對(duì)耐心的一種正確理解，即耐心不是控制一切，而是學(xué)會(huì)放手，符合題意。故選F?！?8題詳析】下文“Abigreasonwhywegetsoupsetwhenlifedoesnotgoourwayisthatweareholdingontoabunchofunspoken“shoulds”.(當(dāng)生活不如意時(shí)，我們會(huì)如此沮喪的一個(gè)主要原因是，我們緊握著一堆未說出口的“應(yīng)該”)”以及后文提到的共情，說明本段主要講述的是要理解他人，站在他人的角度思考問題，A選項(xiàng)“Putyourselfinsomeoneelse’sshoes.(設(shè)身處地為別人著想)”概括了本段的主旨，符合題意。故選A?！?9題詳析】下文“Theymaybedealingwiththeirowndelays,changes,andprioritiestoo.(他們可能也在處理自己的延誤、變化和優(yōu)先事項(xiàng))”說明別人也有自己的難處，E選項(xiàng)“Plus,whenyouarestuckinfrustration,itishardtoconsiderothers.(另外，當(dāng)你陷入沮喪時(shí)，很難考慮別人)”則指出當(dāng)你沮喪時(shí)很難考慮別人，與下文形成對(duì)比，強(qiáng)調(diào)了要理解他人，符合題意。故選E?！?0題詳析】上文“Onthecontrary,whenyouphysicallyslowdown,yourbraintendstofollow.Evenjusttakingmoretimetotakeafewdeepbreathscandowondersingraduallybuildingpatience.(相反，當(dāng)你身體放慢速度時(shí)，你的大腦也會(huì)跟著放慢。甚至只是花更多的時(shí)間深呼吸幾次，就能在逐漸培養(yǎng)耐心方面創(chuàng)造奇跡)”說明了放慢身體速度對(duì)培養(yǎng)耐心的好處，G選項(xiàng)“Thatishowyoubegintothinkmoreclearlyandhandlewhateveristestingyourpatience.(這就是你如何開始更清晰地思考并處理任何考驗(yàn)?zāi)隳托牡氖虑?”則進(jìn)一步解釋了放慢速度后你能更清晰地思考和處理問題，符合題意。故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。There’sanautumndaythatIrecalleverytimeIfindmyselfcaughtupinthebusylife.Iwasateenagerthenstuckinthe____21____ofupcomingcollegeapplications.Itwasmy____22____,Mr.Jensen,whobroughtmebacktoearth.Hewasaquietmaninhisseventieswholivednextdoor.Wehadasharedlovefor____23____.Oneafternoon,feelingstressedand____24____,IheadedoutsidetomybackyardgardenwhereIbegantoviolentlyweed(除草).Mr.Jensenwasthereasusual,____25____hisrosebushes.Seeingmysadness,he____26____andquietlystartedweedingalongsideme.Afterafewminutesofshared____27____,hefinallyspokeup.“Youknow,”hebegan,“weedingagardenisalotlike____28____life.”Curious,Istoppedandlookedathim.Hecontinued,“Sometimes,wearesoabsorbedintheweedsthatweforgettoenjoythe____29____.”Hepointedtothe____30____flowersinhisgarden,theirbrightcolorsshininginthesun.“Don’tforgettoappreciatetheroses,evenasyou____31____theweeds.”Thatsimplewisdom____32____mehard.IhadbeensofocusedonthestressofmyfuturethatIhadforgottentoenjoymy____33____.Thatday,Mr.JensentaughtmealifelessonthatI’vecarriedwithmeeversince.Now,wheneverIfindmyself____34____bylife’s“weeds,”Ipause,takeadeepbreath,andrememberto____35____my“roses”.21.A.excitement B.regret C.pressure D.happiness22.A.father B.teacher C.classmate D.neighbour23.A.gardening B.singing C.dancing D.studying24.A.shocked B.anxious C.interested D.disappointed25.A.decorating B.attending C.packing D.selling26.A.left B.hesitated C.approached D.jumped27.A.chat B.silence C.smile D.visit28.A.goingthrough B.settingup C.turningaround D.givingup29.A.photos B.dreams C.flowers D.meals30.A.artificial B.unique C.odd D.beautiful31.A.love B.select C.remove D.recognize32.A.hit B.pushed C.worked D.weighed33.A.peace B.memory C.luck D.present34.A.misled B.fooled C.cheated D.overcome35.A.pick B.admire C.share D.collect【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.B26.C27.B28.A29.C30.D31.C32.A33.D34.D35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者面臨大學(xué)申請(qǐng)壓力時(shí)，鄰居Jensen先生通過除草這一生活小事，教會(huì)作者要享受當(dāng)下、欣賞生活中的美好，而非一味沉浸于未來壓力的道理?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那時(shí)我還是個(gè)青少年，被即將到來的大學(xué)申請(qǐng)壓力纏身。A.excitement興奮；B.regret后悔；C.pressure壓力；D.happiness幸福。根據(jù)后文“feelingstressed”可知，此處指被大學(xué)申請(qǐng)的壓力纏身。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：是我的鄰居，Jensen先生，把我?guī)Щ亓爽F(xiàn)實(shí)。A.father父親；B.teacher老師；C.classmate同學(xué)；D.neighbour鄰居。根據(jù)后文“Hewasaquietmaninhisseventieswholivednextdoor.”可知，Jensen先生是作者的鄰居。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都熱愛園藝。A.gardening園藝；B.singing唱歌；C.dancing跳舞；D.studying學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)后文“Iheadedoutsidetomybackyardgarden”以及“Mr.Jensenwasthereasusual,________hisrosebushes.”可知，作者和Jensen先生都熱愛園藝。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一天下午，我感到壓力很大，很焦慮，于是走到后院，開始瘋狂地除草。A.shocked震驚的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.interested感興趣的；D.disappointed失望的。根據(jù)前文“feelingstressed”以及后文“Seeingmysadness”可知，作者感到壓力很大，很焦慮。故選B項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Jensen先生像往常一樣在那里，照料他的玫瑰叢。A.decorating裝飾；B.attending照料，參加；C.packing打包；D.selling賣。根據(jù)后文“hisrosebushes”可知，Jensen先生在照料他的玫瑰叢。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：看到我的悲傷，他走過來，靜靜地開始和我一起除草。A.left離開；B.hesitated猶豫；C.approached靠近，走近；D.jumped跳。根據(jù)后文“quietlystartedweedingalongsideme”可知，Jensen先生走過來和作者一起除草。故選C項(xiàng)。【27題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾分鐘的沉默之后，他終于開口了。A.chat聊天；B.silence沉默；C.smile微笑；D.visit訪問。根據(jù)后文“hefinallyspokeup”可知，之前是幾分鐘的沉默。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：“你知道嗎，”他開始說，“打理花園就像經(jīng)歷生活。”A.goingthrough經(jīng)歷；B.settingup建立；C.turningaround轉(zhuǎn)身；D.givingup放棄。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)ife”以及語境可知，此處指打理花園就像經(jīng)歷生活。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)候，我們太專注于雜草，以至于忘記了欣賞花朵。A.photos照片；B.dreams夢(mèng)想；C.flowers花；D.meals飯。根據(jù)后文“Hepointedtothe________flowersinhisgarden”可知，此處指忘記了欣賞花朵。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他指著花園里美麗的花朵，它們明亮的顏色在陽光下閃閃發(fā)光。A.artificial人造的；B.unique獨(dú)特的；C.odd奇怪的；D.beautiful美麗的。根據(jù)后文“theirbrightcolorsshininginthesun”可知，此處指美麗的花朵。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：即使你在清除雜草，也不要忘記欣賞玫瑰。A.love愛；B.select選擇；C.remove移除，清除；D.recognize認(rèn)出。根據(jù)前文“weeding”以及語境可知，此處指清除雜草。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那簡(jiǎn)單的智慧深深打動(dòng)了我。A.hit打擊，使（某人）突然意識(shí)到；B.pushed推；C.worked工作；D.weighed稱重。根據(jù)后文“Ihadbeensofocusedonthestressofmyfuture”以及語境可知，Jensen先生的話使作者突然意識(shí)到自己一直太專注于未來的壓力。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我一直太專注于未來的壓力，以至于忘記了享受當(dāng)下。A.peace和平；B.memory記憶；C.luck運(yùn)氣；D.present現(xiàn)在。根據(jù)前文“Ihadbeensofocusedonthestressofmyfuture”可知，作者一直太專注于未來的壓力，以至于忘記了享受當(dāng)下。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，每當(dāng)我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被生活中的“雜草”所困擾時(shí)，我都會(huì)停下來，深吸一口氣，記得欣賞我的“玫瑰”。A.misled誤導(dǎo)；B.fooled愚弄；C.cheated欺騙；D.overcome克服，戰(zhàn)勝，（問題、困難等）壓倒。根據(jù)后文“bylife’s‘weeds’”以及語境可知，此處指被生活中的“雜草”所困擾。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.pick挑選；B.admire欣賞；C.share分享；D.collect收集。根據(jù)前文“Don’tforgettoappreciatetheroses”可知，此處指記得欣賞自己的“玫瑰”。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OpeningthemessagebookatShanghai’sHongkouDistrictLibrary,you’llfindnotesinallkindsofhandwriting.____36____comesasasurpriseisthateverysinglereader’snotehasareplyfromthelibrarystaffbeneathit.Forthelibrary’smanagement,respondingtothesemessagesrequireslittleextraeffort,butthesincerityitconveysis____37____(value).Thesincerityliesinthelibrary’sdecisiontomovethemessagebookfromtheservicedesk____38____acornerofthestairwellforthelibrary.Whenit____39____(sit)atthedesk,withstaffnearby,readersmighthavehesitatedtowriteforfearof____40____(watch)andlosingtheirprivacy.Placedinthecornerinstead,itallowsthemtoletgoofthatburdenandexpress____41____(they)freely,saidastaffmember.Themessagebookis____42____(regular)reviewedbythelibrarystaff.Wheneveranewnoteappears,itispassedontotherelevantdepartment,andthenareply____43____(provide).Somesuggestionsareacteduponquickly.Forrequeststhatcannotbemet,thelibraryalsooffersclearexplanations.Whenaskedwhetheramicrowavecouldbeputintheself-servicearea,forexample,thelibraryrespondedthatitcausedsafetyrisksandwasnot____44____appliancesuitableforthelibrary.Theordinarymessagebookshowsthatthetruequalityofpublicserviceisnotdeterminedbyhowmanyresourcesareinvested,____45____bywhetherpeopleareseenandheard.【答案】36.What37.invaluable##valuable38.to39.sat40.beingwatched41.themselves42.regularly43.