高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省部分學(xué)校2025-2026學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AManypeopledreamaboutretiringbythebeach.However,aremotebeachareaisn’talwaystherightfitforretirees,whooftenneedqualityhealthcareandtransportationoptions.Hereyoucanfindsomeofthebestplacesforretirees.Naples,FloridaNaplesisknownasatropical(熱帶的)playgroundforthepowerfulandwealthy.Renterscanpayamedianof$1,704monthly.ButmanypeoplefindthehighqualityoflifeinNaplestobeworththecost.InNaples,56.19%ofitspopulationis65orolder.LocatedalongtheGulfofMexico,theNaplesandMarcoIslandareaisanidealspottoenjoygolf,sunshineandwhite-sandbeaches.VirginiaBeach,VirginiaVirginiaBeachhas38milesofcoastlinewithnoshortageofclean,accessibleandpet-friendlybeaches.Thelocalcommunityenjoysoutdooractivitiessuchaskayaking,waterskiingandhorsebackriding.Renterscanpayamedianof$1,803monthly.InVirginiaBeach,about15.37%ofthecommunityis65orolder.Theareaisalsohometoshoppingandculturalcenters.Portland,MaineIfyou’reinterestedinretiringneartheoceanwithoutthehumidity(濕熱),considerPortland.Portlandprovidesawidevarietyofrestaurants,andpeoplewillenjoysamplingdiverseandinnovativecuisines,aswellaslocalproduceandfreshseafood.Renterspayamedianof$2,200monthly.About14.18%ofthepopulationis65orolder.Pensacola,FloridaLocatedonPensacolaBayneartheGulfofMexico,thispopularbeachretirementspotisanidealplacetoenjoyPerdidoKey,PensacolaBeachandtheGulfIslandsNationalSeashore.About19.54%ofthepopulationis65orolder,andrenterspayamonthlymedianof$1,337.1.Whichissuitableforretireeswholiketokeepdogs?A.Naples,Florida. B.Portland,Maine.C.VirginiaBeach,Virginia. D.Pensacola,Florida.2.WhatcanretireesenjoyinPortland,Maine?A.Thewatersports. B.Thedeliciousfood.C.Thelongestcoastline. D.Thelowesthouseprice.3.Whatdothefourplaceshaveincommon?A.Theyarelocatedinthesameplace. B.Theyhavenotableseniorpopulation.C.Theyarefourlow-consumptionplaces. D.Theyinvolvediverseindooractivities.【答案】1.C2.B3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)適合退休人員居住的優(yōu)質(zhì)地點(diǎn)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VirginiaBeach,Virginia標(biāo)題下“VirginiaBeachhas38milesofcoastlinewithnoshortageofclean,accessibleandpet-friendlybeaches.(弗吉尼亞海灘有38英里長的海岸線，擁有干凈、便利且對寵物友好的海灘)”可知，喜歡養(yǎng)狗的退休人員適合去弗吉尼亞州的弗吉尼亞海灘。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Portland,Maine標(biāo)題下“Portlandprovidesawidevarietyofrestaurants,andpeoplewillenjoysamplingdiverseandinnovativecuisines,aswellaslocalproduceandfreshseafood.(波特蘭有各種各樣的餐館，人們可以品嘗到多樣且創(chuàng)新的菜肴，以及當(dāng)?shù)氐霓r(nóng)產(chǎn)品和新鮮的海鮮)”可知，退休人員在緬因州的波特蘭可以享受到美味的食物。故選B。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Naples,Florida標(biāo)題下“InNaples,56.19%ofitspopulationis65orolder.(在那不勒斯，56.19%的人口年齡在65歲或以上)”、VirginiaBeach,Virginia標(biāo)題下“InVirginiaBeach,about15.37%ofthecommunityis65orolder.(在弗吉尼亞海灘，大約15.37%的社區(qū)人口年齡在65歲或以上)”、Portland,Maine標(biāo)題下“About14.18%ofthepopulationis65orolder.(大約14.18%的人口年齡在65歲或以上)”以及Pensacola,Florida標(biāo)題下“About19.54%ofthepopulationis65orolder,andrenterspayamonthlymedianof$1,337.(約19.54%的人口年齡在65歲及以上，租房者每月支付的租金中位數(shù)為1337美元)”可知，這四個(gè)地方的共同點(diǎn)是它們都有顯著的老齡人口比例。故選B。BManypeopletakeelectricityforgranted.Butinruralareasaroundtheworld,therearenoelectricalgridstoprovidepower.Now,threeteenagersinIndiahaveinventedamini-refrigeratorpoweredbysaltsthatcanbeusedtohelptransportmedicalsuppliestoruralareasthatdonothaveelectricity.Havingparentsworkinginmedicalfields,theysaidtheywereinspiredtofindawaytokeepmedicationscoldafterhearingabouthowchallengingitwastobringvaccinestoruralareasthatdidnothaveaccesstoelectricity.Theteenagersunderstoodthatsomesaltscantakeinenergyfromtheenvironmentwhendissolved(溶解)inwater,leadingtoacoolingeffect,sotheysetouttocreateasalt-runrefrigerationunit.However,theirfirstobstaclewastofindwhichsaltwasthemostefficient.Thethreefirstsearchedonlinetofindoutwhichsaltcouldwork,narrowingitdownto20.Theythenevaluatedthesaltsatalabinauniversitybutnoneofthemcooledthewaterenough.“WhilewedidsearchtheentireInternettofindthebestsaltpossible,wekindofjustendedupbacktoourninth-gradesciencetextbook,wherewefoundsaltsthatcouldmaintainlowtemperatures,”oneofthethreeteenagerssaid.Therefrigeratoritselfconsistsofaplasticcontainerwithacopperwallinsidewherethevaccinesororganswillbehoused.Thedissolvedsaltscoolingsolutionispouredinbetweenthetwo.Thesaltisreusable,sonoicepacksareneeded.Thefirstversionoftherefrigerator,calledThermavault,recentlywontheteenagersthe2025EarthPrizeforAsiawitha$12,500prize.Usingthemoney,theybuilt200salt-poweredfridgestosendtoruralhospitalsfortesting,whichhavebeenlargelysuccessful.“WehavebeenabletokeepthevaccinesinsidetheThermavaultforalmost10to12hours,”DrPriteshVyas,asurgeon,saidinavideo.Headdedthatwithsomeimprovementsincludingabuilt-intemperaturemonitor,thefridgecouldbeusefulinremoteoff-the-gridplaces.4.Whydidtheteenagersinventthesalt-poweredrefrigerator?A.Towinaninternationalsciencecompetition.B.Toaddressthelackofelectricityinremoteareas.C.Toreducethecostoftransportingmedicalsupplies.D.Toguaranteeeffectivemedicationsforpower-freeareas.5.WhatisthescientificprinciplebehindThermavault?A.Saltsincreasethefreezingpointofwater.B.Saltsabsorbexternalenergywhendissolved.C.Saltsreleaseheatwhenmixedwithwater.D.Saltsgenerateelectricitythroughchemicalreactions.6.Howdidtheteamfinallyidentifytherightsalt?A.Byconductingonlineresearch. B.Byconsultingscienceteachers.C.Byreferringtotextbookknowledge. D.Byexperimentingwithfoodingredients.7.WhatisDrPriteshVyas’sopinionaboutThermavault’sfuture?A.Itsapplicationwillexpand. B.Itspotentialwillbelimited.C.Itwillworklongerwithamonitor. D.Itwillreplacetraditionalelectricfridges.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了印度三名青少年發(fā)明鹽動力冰箱以助力無電農(nóng)村醫(yī)療運(yùn)輸?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Now,threeteenagersinIndiahaveinventedamini-refrigeratorpoweredbysaltsthatcanbeusedtohelptransportmedicalsuppliestoruralareasthatdonothaveelectricity.(現(xiàn)在，印度的三名青少年發(fā)明了一種由鹽驅(qū)動的迷你冰箱，這種冰箱可以用來幫助向沒有電的農(nóng)村地區(qū)運(yùn)輸醫(yī)療用品)”以及第二段中“Havingparentsworkinginmedicalfields,theysaidtheywereinspiredtofindawaytokeepmedicationscoldafterhearingabouthowchallengingitwastobringvaccinestoruralareasthatdidnothaveaccesstoelectricity.(他們的父母從事醫(yī)療行業(yè)，他們說，在聽說將疫苗運(yùn)送到?jīng)]有電的農(nóng)村地區(qū)有多么困難后，他們受到了啟發(fā)，想找到一種方法來保持藥物的低溫)”可知，青少年發(fā)明鹽動力冰箱是為了解決無電農(nóng)村地區(qū)運(yùn)輸醫(yī)療用品時(shí)藥物冷藏的問題，保證無電地區(qū)藥物的有效性。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theteenagersunderstoodthatsomesaltscantakeinenergyfromtheenvironmentwhendissolved(溶解)inwater,leadingtoacoolingeffect,sotheysetouttocreateasalt-runrefrigerationunit.(青少年們了解到，一些鹽溶解在水中時(shí)會從環(huán)境中吸收能量，產(chǎn)生冷卻效果，因此他們開始制造一種鹽驅(qū)動的制冷裝置)”可知，Thermavault背后的科學(xué)原理是鹽溶解時(shí)吸收外部能量。故選B。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中““WhilewedidsearchtheentireInternettofindthebestsaltpossible,wekindofjustendedupbacktoourninth-gradesciencetextbook,wherewefoundsaltsthatcouldmaintainlowtemperatures,”oneofthethreeteenagerssaid.(“雖然我們確實(shí)在網(wǎng)上搜索了所有可能的最佳鹽，但最后我們還是回到了九年級的科學(xué)教科書上，在那里我們找到了能保持低溫的鹽，”三名青少年中的一名說)”可知，團(tuán)隊(duì)最終是通過參考教科書知識找到了合適的鹽。故選C。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Headdedthatwithsomeimprovementsincludingabuilt-intemperaturemonitor,thefridgecouldbeusefulinremoteoff-the-gridplaces.(他補(bǔ)充說，通過一些改進(jìn)，包括內(nèi)置溫度監(jiān)測器，這種冰箱可以在偏遠(yuǎn)的無電地區(qū)發(fā)揮作用)”可知，DrPriteshVyas認(rèn)為加上內(nèi)置溫度監(jiān)測器等改進(jìn)后，Thermavault可以在偏遠(yuǎn)的無電地區(qū)發(fā)揮作用，即其應(yīng)用將會擴(kuò)大。故選A。CAroundtheworld,farmlandisincreasinglyoverlappingwithelephanthabitats,oftenresultingindangerousinteractionsaselephantsroamoverpeople’scrops.ButinKenya,afterdecadesofinvestigation,inspiredbylocalknowledgeofelephants’dislikeofbeehives,researchershavecomeupwithasimplebutingenioussolutiontodiscourageelephants:stringsofbeehivefences.Thesebuzzing(嗡嗡響的)barriersareofferingagentlebuteffectivewayofreducingfightsbetweenfarmersandelephants.Thehuman-elephantconflictisagrowingissueinseveralareas.InKenya,wherethepopulationanddemandforresourcesisgrowing,human-inhabitedareasareincreasinglyoverlappingwithelephants’ranges.Combinedwiththerecoveryofsomeelephantpopulations,thisisleadingtogreaterchanceofconflictsbetweenhumansandtheseelephants.“Expansionofagriculturalland,logging,urbanization,andgettingsmallerofelephanthabitatsareforcingelephantstomaketheirwaytohumansettlementsinsearchoffoodandwater,”saysGretaFrancescaIori,anEthiopian-Italianadvisoronelephantconservation.Topreventtheseconflicts,scientistsandlocalshavetestedavarietyofsolutionstopreventelephants,fromelectricfences,watchtowerstonoise-makers,butusingbeestoscareawayelephantshasemergedasaparticularlypromisingandefficienttool.Intheearly2000s,ecologistFritzVollrathandIainDouglas-Hamiltonheardafolkstoryabouthowtreesincertainareaswerenotdamagedbyelephantsbecausetheyhadbeehivesinthem.Inspiredbythetale,theybeganworkingandconfirmedthatelephantsavoidwildbeehivesandevenmakeaseriesofsoundsandwarningstootherstostayaway.FritzVollrathandIainDouglas-Hamiltondesignedbeehivefences.Thefencegoesallaroundafarm,withhivesplacedevery10mbetweentwoposts.Attractedbynaturalattractantssuchasbeeswaxandlemongrassoil,Africanhoneybeesnaturallymultiplythebeehives.Besidesprotectingcrops,thefencesproducehoneyforextraincomeandfreefarmers—oftenthefront-linedefenders—fromriskynighttimeguarding.Andtheyarenowspreadingacrosstheworld,fromMozambiquetoThailand.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ingenious”inparagraph1mean?A.Clever. B.Excusable. C.Uncertain. D.Challenging.9.Whatisthemainreasonforelephants’entryintohumansettlements?A.Farmersattractthemwithcrops. B.Climatechangereducestheirhabitats.C.Beehivesfrightenthemawayfromforests. D.Humanactivitiesdestroytheirhomes.10.Howdidresearchersdevelopthesolutionofusingbeehives?A.Afterstudyingelephants’eatinghabits. B.Throughscientificproofofafolkstory.C.BycopyingThailand’selephantdefense. D.Usinghigh-techsoundwarningsystems.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothebeehive-fencesolution?A.Skeptical. B.Tolerant. C.Dismissive. D.Approving.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹肯尼亞研究人員受大象不喜蜂巢的啟發(fā)，用蜂巢圍欄解決人象沖突的方案及相關(guān)背景。【8題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中的“inspiredbylocalknowledgeofelephants’dislikeofbeehives,researchershavecomeupwithasimplebutingenioussolutiontodiscourageelephants:stringsofbeehivefences.Thesebuzzingbarriersareofferingagentlebuteffectivewayofreducingfightsbetweenfarmersandelephants.(研究人員受當(dāng)?shù)厝肆私獯笙蟛幌卜涑策@一知識的啟發(fā)，想出了一個(gè)簡單卻ingenious的驅(qū)趕大象的辦法：一串蜂巢圍欄。這些嗡嗡作響的屏障為減少農(nóng)民與大象之間的沖突提供了一種溫和且有效的方式)”可知，這個(gè)用蜂巢圍欄解決人象沖突的方案既簡單又有效，由此可推測“ingenious”意為“巧妙的，聰明的”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Expansionofagriculturalland,logging,urbanization,andgettingsmallerofelephanthabitatsareforcingelephantstomaketheirwaytohumansettlementsinsearchoffoodandwater,(農(nóng)業(yè)用地?cái)U(kuò)張、伐木、城市化以及大象棲息地的縮小，正迫使大象前往人類聚居地尋找食物和水源)”可知，是人類活動破壞了大象的棲息地，導(dǎo)致大象進(jìn)入人類聚居地。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Intheearly2000s,ecologistFritzVollrathandIainDouglas-Hamiltonheardafolkstoryabouthowtreesincertainareaswerenotdamagedbyelephantsbecausetheyhadbeehivesinthem.Inspiredbythetale,theybeganworkingandconfirmedthatelephantsavoidwildbeehives...(21世紀(jì)初，生態(tài)學(xué)家弗里茨·沃爾拉特和伊恩·道格拉斯·漢密爾頓聽到一個(gè)民間故事：某些地區(qū)的樹木因樹上有蜂巢而未被大象破壞。受這個(gè)故事啟發(fā)，他們開始研究，并證實(shí)大象會避開野生蜂巢……)”可知，研究人員是通過對一個(gè)民間故事的科學(xué)驗(yàn)證，得出了用蜂巢驅(qū)趕大象的解決方案。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thesebuzzingbarriersareofferingagentlebuteffectivewayofreducingfightsbetweenfarmersandelephants.(這些嗡嗡作響的屏障為減少農(nóng)民與大象之間的沖突提供了一種溫和且有效的方式)”以及第四段中的“B Besidesprotectingcrops,thefencesproducehoneyforextraincomeandfreefarmers—oftenthefront-linedefenders—fromriskynighttimeguarding.

Andtheyarenowspreadingacrosstheworld,fromMozambiquetoThailand.(除了保護(hù)農(nóng)作物外，圍欄還生產(chǎn)蜂蜜，以獲得額外收入，并使農(nóng)民（通常是前線衛(wèi)士）免受危險(xiǎn)的夜間守衛(wèi)。它們現(xiàn)在正在世界各地傳播，從莫桑比克到泰國。)”可知，作者強(qiáng)調(diào)了蜂巢圍欄的多種益處，且提到其在全球的推廣，由此可判斷作者對該方案持認(rèn)可態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。DWhenextremeheathitstheBostonarea,emergencydepartmentsarepackedwithpeoplewhoaredehydrated(脫水的),experiencingkidneyorheartproblems,orarehavingheatcramps(痛性痙攣).Facedwiththisrecurrentcrisis,MassGeneralBrigham(MGB)isexploringanewlineofdefense:usingAItoidentifyandwarntheweakestpatientsbeforetheyeverreachthehospital.Thewarningsystemissimple:UseAItosortoutthroughelectronichealthrecordstofindpatientswhohavehealthconditionsortakemedicationsthatmightmakethemparticularlyheateasily.TheAIprogramwouldwarnthemwhenaheatwaveiscomingandtellpatientshowtoprotectthemselvessotheydon’tendupinanemergencyroom.“Justaswewantourpatientstocontroltheirbloodsugariftheyhavediabetes(糖尿病),tryingtohelpthemprotectthemselvesfromheatbycommunicatingwhentheyareathighriskisahealthcareresponsibility,andwearetryingtodobetter,”Biddinger,oneofthedoctorsinMGB,said.Butactivelywarningpatientsisatallorderforhumanstodoontheirown.Patientswithcomplicatedmedicalconditionsareassignedcaremanagers,whofollowpatientsmorecloselyandwillcontactthembeforeaheatwavestrikesto“supporttheirhealth”.Butthere’snotenoughstafftoreacheverypatient.ThisstaffinggapisexactlywhattheAI-poweredwarningsystemisdesignedtofill.“Ourprimarycaredoctorsaresobusythesedays,andwedon’twantourpatientstobestuckonholdwaitingfortheirdoctorwhenwecanuseAItohelpthemfindcoolingcentersorpublicplaceswithairconditioningwheretheycangotostaycool,”Biddingersaid.“Wehopehealthcentersacrossthecountrycanadoptthesametool.Ultimately,thegoalissimple—fewerheat-relatedemergenciesandsafersummersforourpatients,”headded.12.WhatisthemainproblemdescribedintheBostonarea?A.Mostofthehospitalslackadequatecoolingsystems.B.Thereisashortageofmedicalstaffinmosthospitals.C.Emergencyroomsarefloodedwithheat-relatedpatients.D.Theexpensesoftreatingheatdiseasesincreasesharply.13.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Themainstepsoftakingmedications.B.Theinitialaimsofpredictingheatwaves.C.Thebestmeansofidentifyingpatients.D.Theworkingprinciplesofthewarningsystem.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.AIsystemwillmakeupforlackofhumanresources.B.PatientspreferreceivingwarningsfromAIsystem.C.Caremanagers’jobwasaffectedbyunstableweather.D.Mostpatientsareinfavorofhuman-to-humancontact.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.DoctorsonStrike:aSummerCrisisB.AItotheRescue:SaferSummersAheadC.ReformingPrimaryCareThroughLawD.TheRiseofCoolingCentersWorldwide【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要介紹波士頓地區(qū)酷暑致熱相關(guān)患者擠滿急診，麻省總醫(yī)院布萊根分院用AI預(yù)警系統(tǒng)識別高?；颊卟⑻嵝逊雷o(hù)，以減少急診量?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“WhenextremeheathitstheBostonarea,emergencydepartmentsarepackedwithpeoplewhoaredehydrated(脫水的),experiencingkidneyorheartproblems,orarehavingheatcramps(痛性痙攣).(當(dāng)酷暑襲擊波士頓地區(qū)時(shí)，急診科擠滿了脫水、出現(xiàn)腎臟或心臟問題或患有熱痙攣的人。)”可知，波士頓地區(qū)描述的主要問題是急診室擠滿了與高溫相關(guān)的患者。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thewarningsystemissimple:UseAItosortoutthroughelectronichealthrecordstofindpatientswhohavehealthconditionsortakemedicationsthatmightmakethemparticularlyheateasily.TheAIprogramwouldwarnthemwhenaheatwaveiscomingandtellpatientshowtoprotectthemselvessotheydon’tendupinanemergencyroom.(這個(gè)預(yù)警系統(tǒng)很簡單：利用人工智能整理電子健康記錄，找出那些有健康狀況或服用藥物、可能使他們特別容易受熱影響的患者。當(dāng)熱浪來臨時(shí)，人工智能程序會提醒他們，并告訴患者如何保護(hù)自己，避免最終進(jìn)入急診室。)”可知，第二段主要介紹了預(yù)警系統(tǒng)的工作原理。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Butthere’snotenoughstafftoreacheverypatient.ThisstaffinggapisexactlywhattheAI-poweredwarningsystemisdesignedtofill.(但沒有足夠的工作人員接觸到每一位患者。這種人員缺口正是人工智能預(yù)警系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的目的所在，即填補(bǔ)這一缺口。)”可知，人工智能系統(tǒng)將彌補(bǔ)人力資源的不足。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中的“Facedwiththisrecurrentcrisis,MassGeneralBrigham(MGB)isexploringanewlineofdefense:usingAItoidentifyandwarntheweakestpatientsbeforetheyeverreachthehospital.(面對這一反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的危機(jī)，麻省總醫(yī)院布萊根分院（MGB）正在探索一種新的防御方式：利用人工智能在最脆弱的患者抵達(dá)醫(yī)院之前識別并提醒他們。)”以及最后一段中的“Ultimately,thegoalissimple—fewerheat-relatedemergenciesandsafersummersforourpatients.(歸根結(jié)底，目標(biāo)很簡單——減少與高溫相關(guān)的急診病例，為我們的患者帶來更安全的夏天。)”可知，文章核心圍繞AI預(yù)警系統(tǒng)助力應(yīng)對高溫急診危機(jī)、保障患者夏季安全展開，“AI救援：未來更安全的夏天”最適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Anyhomemaybeatriskofflooding,evenfromaheavyrain,butsomehomesaremucheasierthanothers.___16___?Actuallynot,butkeepinmindthatyoumaybeabletomakesomechangesoutsidethatwillhelpkeepwaterfromcominginside.Improvesitedrainage(排水).Thiscanbeveryhelpful,ifyouhaveabasementthattendstofloodafteraheavyrain.Buildinggutters(排水溝)tokeepwaterflowingawayfromthehouseisalsoimportant.Youmayfaceareallycomplexproblem.___17___.Theycanassessyouryard,designadrainageplan,andsetupvarioussystems.Planttrees.Itmaynotsoundlikeaflood-proofingstrategy,butyoucouldplantnativetreesaroundyourpropertytohelpabsorbexcesswater.Nativeplants,notaplantthatdoesn’tgrowintheareanaturally,areimportant.___18___.Nativeplantsalsotendtobebetterfortheenvironment.___19___.Youmaywanttodesignanewroadsurfacethatabsorbswatermoreeasily.Ifyou’reconsideringreplacingasidewalk,it’scertainlyworthconsideringsettingupamaterialthatmayreduceyourriskofflooding.Thesenewroadsurfaceoptionscanalsohelpfilter(過濾)outpollutantsthatultimatelyendupinthewatersupply.Cleanguttersregularly.Everyoneknowsthis,butit’sgottobesaid.Thoseguttersarethereforareason,tomakerainawayfromyourhome.Youmustkeepyourguttersclean.___20___.A.TakealookatyoursidewalkB.Chooseproperwater-absorbingmaterialC.YoucanturntothedrainagespecialistsforhelpD.Otherwise,theguttersblockedwithleavesbecomeuselessE.HowcanwemakethefloodpreventionhomeimprovementsF.DoweneedtomakelotsoffloodpreventionhomeimprovementsG.Thisisbecausetheirrootscangodeeperandgrabmoregroundwater【答案】16.F17.C18.G19.A20.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何防止洪水進(jìn)入室內(nèi)的幾點(diǎn)建議?！?6題詳析】上文“Anyhomemaybeatriskofflooding,evenfromaheavyrain,butsomehomesaremucheasierthanothers.(任何房屋都可能面臨洪水風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，即使是一場大雨，但有些房屋比其他房屋更容易遭受洪水。)”強(qiáng)調(diào)了洪水對房屋的潛在威脅，并指出有些房屋更容易受到洪水影響，下文“Actuallynot,butkeepinmindthatyoumaybeabletomakesomechangesoutsidethatwillhelpkeepwaterfromcominginside.(實(shí)際上不是，但請記住，你可能能夠在外面做一些改變，以防止水進(jìn)入室內(nèi)。)”是對前文的回應(yīng)，指出實(shí)際上不是進(jìn)行大量的防洪房屋改造，但可以做一些外部改變來防止水進(jìn)入室內(nèi)。由此可知，空處應(yīng)該是一個(gè)問句，且與是否需要進(jìn)行防洪家庭改善有關(guān)。選項(xiàng)F“我們需要做很多防洪家庭改善嗎？”符合語境。故選F?！?7題詳析】上文“Youmayfaceareallycomplexproblem.(你可能面臨一個(gè)非常復(fù)雜的問題。)”指出了防洪過程中可能遇到的問題，下文“Theycanassessyouryard,designadrainageplan,andsetupvarioussystems.(他們可以評估你的院子，設(shè)計(jì)排水計(jì)劃，并建立各種系統(tǒng)。)”描述了排水專家所能提供的服務(wù)。由此可知，空處應(yīng)該是一個(gè)解決方案，即尋求排水專家的幫助。選項(xiàng)C“你可以向排水專家尋求幫助”符合語境。故選C。【18題詳析】上文“Nativeplants,notaplantthatdoesn’tgrowintheareanaturally,areimportant.(本地植物，而不是在該地區(qū)自然不生長的植物，是很重要的。)”強(qiáng)調(diào)了本地植物在防洪中的重要性，下文“Nativeplantsalsotendtobebetterfortheenvironment.(本地植物也往往對環(huán)境更有益。)”進(jìn)一步說明了本地植物的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。由此可知，空處應(yīng)該是一個(gè)解釋為什么本地植物重要的原因。選項(xiàng)G“這是因?yàn)樗鼈兊母梢栽酶?，吸收更多的地下水”符合語境。故選G?！?9題詳析】下文“Youmaywanttodesignanewroadsurfacethatabsorbswatermoreeasily.(你可能想設(shè)計(jì)一種更容易吸水的新路面。)”提出了一個(gè)關(guān)于路面的建議。由此可知，空處應(yīng)該是一個(gè)與路面或人行道相關(guān)的主題句。選項(xiàng)A“看看你的人行道”符合語境，起到了引出下文的作用。故選A?！?0題詳析】上文“Youmustkeepyourguttersclean.(你必須保持排水溝清潔。)”強(qiáng)調(diào)了保持排水溝清潔的重要性。由此可知，空處應(yīng)該是一個(gè)與保持排水溝清潔相關(guān)的結(jié)果或后果。選項(xiàng)D“否則，被樹葉堵塞的排水溝就毫無用處了”符合語境。故選D。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Nicolecouldhaveeasilydecidednottogoboating—shewas20weekspregnant,afterall.Itwouldhave___21___ifshedidn’tfeellikeparticipatinginsuchanoutdoorouting.Butshedid,andthis___22___setoffanamazingeventthatnoonecouldhavepredicted.Nicoleandherhusbandwereenjoyingtheirriverridewiththeirowndogwhen,suddenly,they___23___anotherfour-leggedfriendinthedistance.Buttherewasn’tasinglehuman,boat,oranythingelseneartheseemingly___24___dog.So,thecoupledecidedto___25___it.Itdidn’ttakethemlongto___26___thatthedogwasalone.Soon,however,theymadeanother___27___:Thedogwasblind.To___28___thedoggottosafety,theycarefullyplacedherinsideoftheirboat.___29___,theirowndogdidn’tmindatall.Shewas____30____inexploringtheriver,whichcouldbeseeninthevideothecouplerecorded.Thankfully,thissweetpupwasreturnedtoher____31____soonafterthisvideowaspostedonline.It____32____thatthepoor15-month-oldpuphadbeenmissingforoveraweek.HerownersweredelightedtogetacallfromNicole!Though,atfirst,theywere____33____.Infact,thefirstthingtheyaskedwas“Isshedead?”“Alovelyreunionandgratefulwewentona(n)____34____thatday”Nicoleshared.It’sincrediblewhatcanhappenwhenwetakethetimetohelpothers.It’snowonderNicole’sstoryis____35____otherstosharetheirownonline.21.A.takeneffect B.madesense C.runarisk D.hadanimpact22.A.decision B.attempt C.intention D.response23.A.approached B.disturbed C.spotted D.rescued24.A.anxious B.injured C.curious D.lost25.A.monitor B.investigate C.access D.measure26.A.confirm B.assume C.estimate D.announce27.A.expectation B.difference C.discovery D.warning28.A.ensure B.propose C.demand D.recognize29.A.Actually B.Fortunately C.Obviously D.Eventually30.A.expert B.flexible C.engaged D.stuck31.A.partners B.doctors C.trainers D.owners32.A.burstout B.turnedout C.brokeout D.cameout33.A.confused B.concerned C.annoyed D.scared34.A.outing B.appointment C.challenge D.mission35.A.reminding B.approving C.inspiring D.recommending【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.B26.A27.C28.A29.B30.C31.D32.B33.D34.A35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述懷孕20周的妮可堅(jiān)持乘船出游，意外救助失明流浪狗并幫其找到主人，她的故事也激勵(lì)他人分享善舉?！?1題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：如果她不想?yún)⒓舆@樣的戶外出游，也是合情合理的。A.takeneffect生效；B.madesense有道理，合情合理；C.runarisk冒險(xiǎn)；D.hadanimpact產(chǎn)生影響。根據(jù)前文“shewas20weekspregnant”可知，懷孕不參加戶外活動是合理的，“madesense”符合“合情合理”的語境，故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但她還是去了，這個(gè)決定引發(fā)了一場沒人能預(yù)料到的奇妙事件。A.decision決定；B.attempt嘗試；C.intention意圖；D.response回應(yīng)。根據(jù)前文“decidednottogoboating”與“butshedid”形成對比，“did”指代“決定去乘船”，故“decision”（決定）對應(yīng)“是否去出游”的選擇，故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：妮可和丈夫帶著自家狗享受河上航行時(shí)，突然遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)看到了另一只四條腿的朋友（狗）。A.approached靠近；B.disturbed打擾；C.spotted看見，發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.rescued營救。根據(jù)后文“inthedistance”（在遠(yuǎn)處）可知，最初是“看到”遠(yuǎn)處的狗。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但這只看似迷路的狗身邊，沒有任何人、船或其他東西。A.anxious焦慮的；B.injured受傷的；C.curious好奇的；D.lost迷路的，走失的。根據(jù)后文“nosinglehuman,boat,oranythingelsenear”可知，狗大概率是“迷路了”，“l(fā)ost”（迷路的）符合“無人陪伴、獨(dú)自在河邊”的場景，故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：于是，這對夫婦決定去查看一下。A.monitor監(jiān)控；B.investigate調(diào)查，查看；C.access進(jìn)入；D.measure測量。根據(jù)后文“Itdidn’ttakethemlongto...thatthedogwasalone.”可知，面對迷路的狗，夫婦倆應(yīng)是“上前查看情況”，“investigate”（查看）體現(xiàn)“主動了解詳情”的動作，符合“救助前確認(rèn)狀況”的邏輯，故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：沒過多久，他們就確認(rèn)這只狗是獨(dú)自一只。A.confirm確認(rèn)；B.assume假設(shè)；C.estimate估計(jì)；D.announce宣布。根據(jù)前文“查看狗的情況”以及后文“thatthedogwasalone”可知，后續(xù)是“確認(rèn)”狗的獨(dú)自狀態(tài)，符合“通過觀察得出結(jié)論”的語境，故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，很快他們又有了一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)：這只狗是失明的。A.expectation期待；B.difference差異；C.discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.warning警告。前文“確認(rèn)狗獨(dú)自一只”是第一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)，“狗是失明的”是新發(fā)現(xiàn)，“discovery”（發(fā)現(xiàn)）符合“逐步了解狗的情況”的過程，故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為確保狗能安全，他們小心翼翼地把它放進(jìn)了自己的船里。A.ensure確保；B.propose提議；C.demand要求；D.recognize認(rèn)出。根據(jù)后文“theycarefullyplacedherinsideoftheirboat.”可知，“把狗放進(jìn)船里”的目的是“確保它安全”，“ensure”（確保）直接體現(xiàn)動作與目的的關(guān)聯(lián)，符合“救助時(shí)保障安全”的邏輯，故選A項(xiàng)。【29題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，他們自家的狗一點(diǎn)也不介意（這只新來的狗）。A.Actually實(shí)際上；B.Fortunately幸運(yùn)地；C.Obviously明顯地；D.Eventually最終。根據(jù)后文“theirowndogdidn’tmindatall.”可知，自家狗不排斥救助的狗，是救助過程中的“幸運(yùn)情況”，“Fortunately”（幸運(yùn)地）符合“避免出現(xiàn)狗之間沖突”的積極語境，故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：從這對夫婦拍攝的視頻中可以看出，它（自家狗）正忙著探索河流。A.expert專業(yè)的；B.flexible靈活的；C.engaged忙碌的；D.stuck卡住的。根據(jù)前文“theirowndogdidn’tmindatall.”以及后文“inexploringtheriver”可知，自家狗專注于探索，不關(guān)注新來的狗，符合“不介意新狗”的細(xì)節(jié)，故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，這段視頻發(fā)布到網(wǎng)上后不久，這只可愛的小狗就被送回了主人身邊。A.partners伙伴；B.doctors醫(yī)生；C.trainers訓(xùn)練師；D.owners主人。根據(jù)后文“Herownersweredelighted”可知，小狗回到了“主人”身邊，“owners”（主人）是對應(yīng)復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：原來這只可憐的15個(gè)月大的小狗已經(jīng)失蹤一周多了。A.burstout突然爆發(fā)；B.turnedout結(jié)果是，原來；C.brokeout爆發(fā)；D.cameout出版，出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文“hepoor15-month-oldpuphadbeenmissingforoveraweek.”可知，“小狗失蹤一周多”是視頻發(fā)布后“得知的真相”，“turnedout”（原來）符合“揭示后續(xù)發(fā)現(xiàn)的事實(shí)”的語境，故選B項(xiàng)。【33題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不過，一開始他們（主人）很害怕。A.confused困惑的；B.concerned擔(dān)憂的；C.annoyed惱怒的；D.scared害怕的。根據(jù)后文“Isshedead?”可知，主人最初擔(dān)心小狗的生死，內(nèi)心是“害怕的”，故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：妮可分享道：“這是一次愉快的團(tuán)聚，很慶幸那天我們?nèi)コ鲇瘟?。”A.outing出游；B.appointment約會；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.mission任務(wù)。根基前文“participatinginsuchanoutdoorouting”可知，提到“出游”，此處“wentonanouting”（去出游）是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，呼應(yīng)“乘船出游”的背景，故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：難怪妮可的故事正激勵(lì)著其他人在網(wǎng)上分享自己的（善舉）故事。A.reminding提醒；B.approving批準(zhǔn)；C.inspiring激勵(lì)；D.recommending推薦。妮可的善舉故事具有積極影響力，“inspiring”（激勵(lì)）符合“帶動他人分享善舉”的語境，體現(xiàn)故事的正面引導(dǎo)作用，故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。XixiaImperialTombs,amillennium(一千年)-oldtombcomplexinNorthwestChina,gotglobalrecognitionforitsoutstandinguniversalvalue.It____36____(add)totheWorldHeritageListonJuly11th,becomingChina’s60thWorldHeritageSite.TheeventmarksasignificantachievementinChina’sefforts____37____(fulfill)andadvancetheGlobalcivilizationInitiative.“TheapplicationeffortdemonstratesChina’songoingcommitmenttostrengtheningthesystematicpreservationand____38____(sustain)useofitsculturalandnaturalheritage,”saidanofficial.“Itwasalso____39____opportunitytoshowtheworldthehistoricalandculturalvaluesoftheChinesecivilization,”theofficeradded.Thetombsarerenownedasthe“OrientalPyramids”,____40____arelocatedatthefootofHelanMountaininYinchuan,capitalofNingxiaHuiAutonomousRegion.Theyarethelargest,mostwell-preservedandhighest-rankingarchaeological____41____(remain)oftheXixiaDynasty.EstablishedbytheTangutpeopleandhometovariousethnicgroups,Xixiaonce____42____(govern)anareaof1.15millionsquarekilometersatitspeaktime.____43____(originate)fromtheQ