黑龍江省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)2025-2026學(xué)年度高二學(xué)年上學(xué)期期中考試

英語學(xué)科試題

考試時(shí)間：120分鐘滿分：150分

第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.WhenwillthemanmeetLisa?

A.OnThursday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.

2.Whydoesthewomanmakethephonecall?

A.Toplaceanorder.

B.Tocomplainabouttheprice.

C.Tocorrecttheproductdetails.

3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Athome.B.Atahotel.C.Atarestaurant.

4.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeel?

A.Nervous.B.Annoyed.C.Sad.

5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Theopeninghoursofananimalshelter.

B.Anopportunitytodovoluntarywork.

C.Apart-timejobattheweekends.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，

各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatproblemdothespeakersface?

A.Thecoffeetastesbad.

B.Thecafeteriaistoofaraway.

C.Thecoffeemachineisbroken.

7.Whatwillthemandowiththeproblem?

A.Callarepairman.

B.Buyanewmachine.

C.Changethecoffeebean.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.WheredidShirleygetthetipsonavoidingbearattacks?

A.Fromabook.B.FromaTVshow.C.Fromanonlinevideo.

9.WhatdoesShirleylearntodowhenfacingabear?

A.Climbupatalltree.B.Movebackwardslowly.C.Avoideyecontact.

10.WhatdoweknowaboutShirley?

A.Shelooksforwardtothehiking.

B.Shefeelsunsafeinthesuburbs.

C.Shemastersself-defenseskills.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.WhatkindoftasksdoesStevethinkAIisgoodat?

A.Creative.B.Complex.C.Routine.

12.HowcanAIhelpdoctorsaccordingtoSteve?

A.Increaseworkefficiency.

B.Developtheirskills.

C.Providetreatmentplans.

13.WhatdoesStevemeanintheend?

A.AIwillreplacemanyhumanjobs.

B.HumansandAIshouldworktogether.

C.AIdevelopmentshouldbeconsidered.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.WhatwasthemaindifficultyduringDavid’sArcticproject?

A.Equipmentfailures.

B.Uncooperativeanimals.

C.Windyandrainyconditions.

15.WhatareDavid’sbookprofitsusedfor?

A.Buyingphotographyequipment.

B.Supportingwildlifeeducation.

C.Protectinganimals.

16.WhathelpedDavidswitchtowildlifephotography?

A.Hisjournalismdegree.

B.Histeachingexperience.

C.Hischildhoodlovefornature.

17.WhatdidDavidthinkofteachingatthecamp?

A.Simple.B.Rewarding.C.Troublesome.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.HowlongdidSuziespendclimbingtotheMt.QomolangmaBaseCampintotal?

A.25hours.B.48hours.C.73hours.

19.WhatdidSuziedoduringtheclimb?

A.Sheadvancedwithundividedattention.

B.Shetookpicturesofthescenery.

C.Sheguidedherselftothecamp.

20.Whydidn’tSuzieclimbtothepeak?

A.Shewasafraidoftheheight.

B.Shedidn’tbringenoughfood.

C.Shelistenedtoherfamily’sadvice.

第二部分閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2.5分，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)：（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上

將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

AI&Theatre:ADiscussionattheLibraryforthePerformingArts

Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,thereisawideuseofAlinmanyaspectsofourlives.TheLibraryforthe

PerformingArtsinvitesyoutoanafternoondiscussionnextThursday.Inthediscussion,thehopeisneitherto

promotenortodenigrate(貶低)AI—instead,lectureswillallowlistenerstohaveanopendiscussionaboutthe

potentialimpactsofAIontheatreatacrucialstageinitstechnologicaladvancement.

SeatingPolicy

Programsarefreeandopentoall,butregistrationisrequestedaweekearlier.Registeredguestsaregiven

priorityandallowedtocheckin15to30minutesbeforethestarttimeandholdingseatsforanyoneisprohibited.If

youarriveaftertheprogramstarts,yourseatwillbearrangedataspecialplacebyourstaff.Foodordrinkisnot

allowedinside.

StandbyLine

Ifregistrationhasended,donotworry!Wewelcomeyoutothelibraryregardlessofregistrationstatusand

youcanwaitinourstandbyline.Fiveminutesbeforetheprogramstarts,allremainingseatsarereleasedto

attendeesinthestandbyline.Whilethisisnotguaranteed,wewilldoourbesttogetyouintoanyofourprograms.

AssistiveListeningandInterpretation

InterpretationinEnglishandthereal-timecaption(說明文字)areavailableonrequest.Pleasesubmityour

requestatleasttwoweeksinadvancebyemailingusataccessibility@.

AudioandVideoRecording

ProgramsmaybephotographedandrecordedbytheLibraryforthePerformingArts.Ifyouwouldpreferyour

imagenottobephotographed,pleaseletusknowandwecanseatyouaccordingly.Pleasenotethatallrecordings,

includingprofessionalvideorecordings,arenotallowedduringthediscussion.

1.What’sthepurposeofthediscussion?

A.TopromotetheapplicationofAI.B.ToshowthedisadvantagesofAI.

C.ToexploretheinfluenceofAIontheater.D.Toappreciatethedevelopmentoftechnology.

2.Howcanyouensureaseatatthediscussion?

A.Payaregistrationfee.B.Signupforitaheadoftime.

C.Waitinthestandbylineearlier.D.Contactthelibrarystaffadayahead.

3.Whatcanpeopledoiftheyattendthediscussion?

A.Holdaseatforafriend.B.Askforthereal-timecaption.

C.Broadcastthediscussionlive.D.Takephotosduringthediscussion.

【答案】1.C2.B3.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了TheLibraryforthePerfommingArts討論活動(dòng)的相關(guān)注意事項(xiàng)。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Inthediscussion,thehopeisneithertopromotenortodenigrate(貶低)AI—instead,

lectureswillallowlistenerstohaveanopendiscussionaboutthepotentialimpactsofAIontheatreatacrucial

stageinitstechnologicaladvancement.(在討論中，我們希望既不推崇也不詆毀人工智能，相反，講座將允許

聽眾就人工智能在技術(shù)進(jìn)步的關(guān)鍵階段對戲劇的潛在影響進(jìn)行公開討論。)”可知，該活動(dòng)聚焦AI對戲劇

演出的影響。故選C。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SeatingPolicy的內(nèi)容“Programsarefreeandopentoall,butregistrationisrequesteda

weekearlier.Registeredguestsaregivenpriorityandallowedtocheckin15to30minutesbeforethestarttimeand

holdingseatsforanyoneisprohibited.(課程是免費(fèi)的，對所有人開放，但要求提前一周注冊。已登記的客人

享有優(yōu)先權(quán)，可以在開始時(shí)間前15到30分鐘辦理登機(jī)手續(xù)，禁止為任何人占座。)”可知，提前一周登記

參會(huì)可以得到被分配好的座位。故選B。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AssistiveListeningandInterpretation的內(nèi)容“InterpretationinEnglishandthereal-time

caption(說明文字)areavailableonrequest.(可應(yīng)要求提供英語翻譯和實(shí)時(shí)字幕。)”可知，參會(huì)者可以申請實(shí)

時(shí)字幕。故選B。

B

IwastalkingtoafriendaboutplansforherpreschoolerCathy.TheirhomelanguageisEnglish,butmy

friend’sfatherisFrench,andIwonderedifshewouldletCathyattendthelocalFrenchimmersion(沉浸式)

kindergarten.

Shesurprisedmebysayingthatherdadadvisedagainstdoingthat,saying,“Youhaveaverybrightlittlegirl

who’scuriousabouteverything.Frenchisonlyonesubject.Youdon’tneedtomakeitthecenterofhereducation

fortheimportantearlyyearsofschool.”

Yes,therearemanybenefitsofspeakingmorethanonelanguage,butthatdoesn’tmeanit’salwaysagood

ideatomakeyourkindergartenerreceiveanimmersionprogram.

Ifyoulookup“secondlanguagelearning”,you’llseemuchabouttheadvantagesofbeingbilingual(雙語的)，

mostlywrittentoadvertiselanguageschoolsandmaps.Butifyoudigdeeper,you’llhavetroublefindingsolid

researchintotheadvantagesofsecondlanguagelearning,otherthaninolderagegroupswhereitdoeshavestrong

cognitive(認(rèn)知的)benefits.

Myclinicalexperiencewithkidsisconsistentwithmyfriend’sfather’sobservationandwiththfindingofthe

BritishAcademythatsecondlanguagelearningcanbegreatforkids,butisn’talways.Idependsonalotof

complexfactors.

Forsomeyoungchildren,immersionclassesinFrenchorotherlanguagescanmakeschoolmore

interesting,enrichingtheirlivesandenlargingtheirsenseoftheworld.Childrenwhoenterschoolwithstrongfirst

languageandmathematicalskillscanenjoylearninganotherlanguage,findingnewwaysofunderstandingand

thinkingaboutwhattheyhavealreadyknown.

Forothers,theseprogramscanbecuriosity-crushing.I’veworkedwithmanyverysmartyoungkidswhoare

deeplyfrustratedatschoolbecausetheirscientific,technologica1,ormathematicalinterestsfaroutperformtheir

abilitytodiscusstheirenthusiasminanewlanguage.

Whenlookingforaschoolforyourpreschooler,considertheirindividuallearningneeds,strengthsand

challenges,andlookforwhatyouthinkmightbethebestmatch.

4.WhydidCathy’sgrandpaopposeherattendingthelocalFrenchimmersionkindergarten?

A.ItmightholdbackCathy’scuriosity.B.Cathywastoosmalltolearnwell.

C.ItmightaffectCathy’sfriendship.D.Cathyhadnogiftforlanguages.

5.Whatdoestheresearchrevealaboutseniors’learningasecondlanguage?

A.It’schallenging.B.It’sbeneficial.

C.It’scontroversial.D.It’senergy-consuming.

6.Whatmaytheauthoradviseparentstodowhenchoosingakindergarten?

A.Selecttheschoolclosesttotheirhome.

B.Makesuretheteachersarenativespeakers.

C.Considertheirchildren’slearningstylesandneeds.

D.Focusonthequalityofschools’languageimmersionprograms.

7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thebenefitsofearlybilinguallearning.

B.Thesuitableagetostartlearningasecondlanguage.

C.Bestwaystopreparekidsforlanguageimmersionprograms.

D.“My”reflectionsonimmersingpreschoolsinforeignlanguageprograms.

【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章圍繞是否應(yīng)該讓學(xué)齡前兒童參加法語沉浸式幼兒園的問題展開討論，作

者通過引用朋友的經(jīng)歷、個(gè)人的臨床經(jīng)驗(yàn)以及相關(guān)研究，分析了學(xué)習(xí)第二語言的好處以及沉浸式教育的利

弊，最終強(qiáng)調(diào)了在為學(xué)齡前兒童選擇學(xué)校時(shí)，應(yīng)考慮他們的個(gè)體學(xué)習(xí)需求、優(yōu)勢和挑戰(zhàn)，尋找最適合他們

的教育方式。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Shesurprisedmebysayingthatherdadadvisedagainstdoingthat,saying,“You

haveaverybrightlittlegirlwho’scuriousabouteverything.Frenchisonlyonesubject.Youdon’tneedtomakeit

thecenterofhereducationfortheimportantearlyyearsofschool.”(她的回答讓我很驚訝，她說她父親不建議這

么做，還說：“你女兒非常聰明，對一切都充滿好奇。法語只是一門學(xué)科而已。在她上學(xué)的重要啟蒙階段，

沒必要把它作為教育的核心?！?”可知，Cathy的爺爺反對她上法語沉浸式幼兒園，理由是Cathy是一個(gè)對

一切都充滿好奇的聰明小女孩，而法語只是一門學(xué)科，沒必要在上學(xué)最初的重要幾年里將其作為教育的核

心。故選A。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Butifyoudigdeeper,you’llhavetroublefindingsolidresearchintothe

advantagesofsecondlanguagelearning,otherthaninolderagegroupswhereitdoeshavestrongcognitive(認(rèn)知

的)benefits.(但如果你深入探究，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)很難找到關(guān)于幼兒學(xué)習(xí)第二語言優(yōu)勢的確鑿研究，除了在年齡較

大的群體中，學(xué)習(xí)第二語言確實(shí)有顯著的認(rèn)知益處。)”可知，對于老年人學(xué)習(xí)第二語言，有研究表明其在

認(rèn)知方面有很大益處。故選B。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Whenlookingforaschoolforyourpreschooler,considertheirindividual

learningneeds,strengthsandchallenges,andlookforwhatyouthinkmightbethebestmatch.(在為學(xué)齡前孩子挑

選學(xué)校時(shí)，要考慮他們的個(gè)體學(xué)習(xí)需求、優(yōu)勢和挑戰(zhàn)，尋找你認(rèn)為最適合他們的學(xué)校。)”可知，作者建議

家長在為孩子選擇幼兒園時(shí)，要考慮孩子個(gè)人的學(xué)習(xí)需求、優(yōu)勢和面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，找到最適合孩子的學(xué)校。

故選C。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Myclinicalexperiencewithkidsisconsistentwithmyfriend’sfather’s

observationandwiththefindingoftheBritishAcademythatsecondlanguagelearningcanbegreatforkids,but

isn’talways.Idependsonalotofcomplexfactors.(我在兒童方面的臨床經(jīng)驗(yàn)，與我朋友父親的觀點(diǎn)以及英國科

學(xué)院的研究結(jié)果相符，即第二語言學(xué)習(xí)對孩子可能很有好處，但并非總是如此。這取決于很多復(fù)雜因素。)”

以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章圍繞作者對是否讓學(xué)齡前兒童參加外語沉浸式課程展開思考，從朋友父親反對孩

子參加法語沉浸式幼兒園，到闡述不同孩子對語言沉浸式課程的不同反應(yīng)，都體現(xiàn)了作者對這一問題的思

考。故選D。

C

Doyoualwaysthinkthroughpossibilitiesbeforecommittingtoeventhesmallestchoiceslikewhattowear,

whichmenuitemtopick,andwhentodohousechores?Ifthissoundslikeyou,you’reamongmanyindecisive

peoplewhostrugglewiththoseissues.Butaredecisivepeoplebetteratmakingdecisionsthanindecisivepeople?A

recentstudyhascastlightonthat.

Thestartingpointoftherecentstudyintothedifferencesbetweendecisiveandindecisivepeoplewasfindinga

reliablewayofdistinguishingparticipants.TheresearchteamusedtheActionControlScale,ayesorno

questionnaireabouteverydaychoicesandbehavior,torevealwhetherapersonisaction-orstate-oriented.

Action-orientedpeoplearemoredecisiveandlikelytotakeaction.Theyaremoreflexibleandlikelytocarry

outtheirintentionsinthefaceofchallenges.Bycontrast,state-orientedpeoplefocusontheiremotionalstates.

Theyaremorehesitanttocommittotheirchoices,andabandontheircommitmentsmorefrequently.

Researcherssurveyed723people,fromwhomtheychosethe60mostaction-orientedandthe60most

state-orientedtotakepartinthemainexperiments.Theparticipantswentthroughasetofcognitivetasks,with

low-riskchoices.Theteamconductedacomparisonofseveralcognitiveprocessesbetweenthetwogroups

includingevidence-processingspeed,decisioncaution,initialbias(howmuchthechoiceisinfluencedbyknown

knowledge),andsensitivity(howaccuratelyyoucanjudgethecorrectnessofyourchoice).Byexaminingthese

cognitiveprocesses,researchersaimedtogaininsightsintothedecision-makingabilitiesandtendenciesofthetwo

groups.

Theyfoundthatacrossalltheexperiments,action-orientedpeopleweremoreconfidentintheirchoices.

However,therewerenodivergencesincorrectness,speed,orsensitivity.Meanwhile,indecisivepeoplewereinno

wayworseatmakingchoices.

Beinglessormoreconfidentofthechoicethathasbeenmadecannotaffecttheoutcome.Itcan,however,

influencefutureones.State-orientedpeoplearelessconfidentofwhetherthechoiceisright,anditwillpossibly

makepursuingtheirgoalsamuchgreaterchallenge.

8.What’sthefunctionoftheActionControlScale?

A.Comparingparticipants’dailyschedules.

B.Recordingparticipants’emotionalchanges.

C.Findingthereasonsbehindparticipants’choices.

D.Tellingdecisiveparticipantsfromindecisiveones.

9.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph3?

A.Addsomebackgroundinformation.B.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.

C.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“divergences”inParagraph5mean?

A.Assignments.B.Distinctions.C.Connections.D.Comparisons.

11.Whatwillbeprobablydiscussedinthefollowingparagraph?

A.Thecorrectwaytofaceuptothechallenges.

B.Thebenefitsgainedbystate-orientedpeople.

C.Theinfluenceoftheconfidencegaponthefuture.

D.Thedifferencebetweentheaction-andstate-orientedpeople.

【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹一項(xiàng)關(guān)于果斷型與優(yōu)柔寡斷型人群決策能力的研究，包括研究方法、

分組標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及核心發(fā)現(xiàn)。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“TheresearchteamusedtheActionControlScale,ayesornoquestionnaireabout

everydaychoicesandbehavior,torevealwhetherapersonisaction-orstate-oriented.(研究團(tuán)隊(duì)使用了行動(dòng)控制

量表，這是一份關(guān)于日常選擇和行為的是非題問卷，用于揭示一個(gè)人是行動(dòng)導(dǎo)向型還是狀態(tài)導(dǎo)向型。)”可

知，行動(dòng)控制量表的作用是區(qū)分果斷的行動(dòng)導(dǎo)向型人群和優(yōu)柔寡斷的狀態(tài)導(dǎo)向型人群。故選D項(xiàng)。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Action-orientedpeoplearemoredecisiveandlikelytotakeaction.Theyaremore

flexibleandlikelytocarryouttheirintentionsinthefaceofchallenges.Bycontrast,state-orientedpeoplefocuson

theiremotionalstates.Theyaremorehesitanttocommittotheirchoices,andabandontheircommitmentsmore

frequently.(行動(dòng)導(dǎo)向型的人更果斷，更有可能采取行動(dòng)。他們更靈活，在面對挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)更有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的意

圖。相比之下，狀態(tài)導(dǎo)向型的人關(guān)注自己的情緒狀態(tài)。他們在做出選擇時(shí)更猶豫，也更頻繁地放棄自己的

承諾。)”可知，該段詳細(xì)解釋了兩種導(dǎo)向型人群的特質(zhì)，為后續(xù)研究實(shí)驗(yàn)提供了背景信息。故選A項(xiàng)。

【10題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Theyfoundthatacrossalltheexperiments,action-orientedpeopleweremore

confidentintheirchoices.However,therewerenodivergencesincorrectness,speed,orsensitivity.Meanwhile,

indecisivepeoplewereinnowayworseatmakingchoices.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)在所有實(shí)驗(yàn)中，行動(dòng)導(dǎo)向型的人對自己的

選擇更有信心。然而，在正確性、速度或敏感性方面沒有__________。與此同時(shí)，優(yōu)柔寡斷的人在做出選

擇方面絕不遜色。)”可知，“however”表轉(zhuǎn)折，前文強(qiáng)調(diào)自信度不同，后文則說明其他方面無區(qū)別，因此

“divergences”意為“差異、區(qū)別”。故選B項(xiàng)。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Beinglessormoreconfidentofthechoicethathasbeenmadecannotaffectthe

outcome.Itcan,however,influencefutureones.State-orientedpeoplearelessconfidentofwhetherthechoiceis

right,anditwillpossiblymakepursuingtheirgoalsamuchgreaterchallenge.(對已做出的選擇信心多寡不會(huì)影

響結(jié)果。然而，它會(huì)影響未來的選擇。狀態(tài)導(dǎo)向型的人對選擇是否正確不太有信心，這可能會(huì)使追求目標(biāo)

變得更具挑戰(zhàn)性。)”可知，段落重點(diǎn)提及信心差異對未來的影響，后續(xù)段落大概率會(huì)進(jìn)一步展開這一話題。

故選C項(xiàng)。

D

Closeyoureyesandpictureyourselfwalkinginthetown.Youcanprobablydaydreamabouttheplacesyou’d

gopast.Thisabilitytoimaginesuchsituationsinourmindsisthoughttobecrucialtohumans’abilitytoplanahead

andhaslongbeenconsideredasafeaturethatdistinguisheshumansfromanimals.Butanewstudyhasfoundthat

ratscanthinkaboutobjectsandplacesthatarenotrightinfrontofthem.

Likehumans,whenratsexperienceplacesandevents,specificneuralactivitypatternsareactivatedinthe

hippocampus,anareaofthebrainresponsibleforspatialmemory.Butasitwasdifficulttogetratstothink,itwas

impossibletoconfirmwhetherratscouldvoluntarilycontrolthisactivityandscientistshadstruggledforlongto

discloseit.

Toreadtherat’smind,ChongxiLai,aco-authorofthestudy,alongwithcolleagues,developedasystemto

measureneuralactivityusingabrain-machineinterface(BMI).TheBMI,measuringneuralactivityandtranslating

whatitmeant,producedaconnectionbetweentheelectricactivityoccurringintherat’shippocampusandthe

animal’spositionina360-degreevirtualrealityenvironment.

First,someratswereplacedintothevirtualrealityenvironmentandtheywererewardedwhentheytraveled

throughthisenvironmenttowardstheirgoalsbyrunningonatreadmill(anexercisemachine).Next,researchers

disconnectedthetreadmillsothattheratscouldstillseethevirtualrealityenvironment,buttheirrunninghadno

impact.Byreproducingthebrainactivitythey’dshownduringtheprevioussessions,theratscouldtraveltoreward

locationstakingadvantageoftheirownthoughts.

“Althoughit’sstillunclearwhattheratisexperiencingwhileit’stravelingorhowsimilaritistowhathappens

inhumans,theteamhasdoneaconvincingjobofshowingratscanvoluntarilyreactivatementalmapsoffamiliar

places,”saidShayna,acognitiveneuroscientist.

TheresearchalsoshowsthattheBMIcanbeusedtoobservehippocampalactivity,providinganovelsystem

forstudyingthisimportantbrainregion.BecausetheBMIisincreasinglyusedinprosthetics(themakingof

artificialbodyparts),thisnewapproachofmeasuringneuralactivityalsoopensupthepossibilityofdesigning

novelprostheticdevicesbasedonthesameprinciples.

12.Whatisthetraditionalviewaboutimagingafamiliarplaceinmind?

A.Itisuniquetohumans.B.Ittakeseffortstodevelop.

C.Itinvolvesplanningahead.D.Itoftenoccursduringtraveling.

13.Whathappenedtoratsafterresearchersdisconnectedthetreadmill?

A.Theyhaddifficultyrunningfreely.

B.Theydemonstratedabnormalbrainactivity.

C.Theycouldreachrewardplacesusingmentalmaps.

D.Theywereatalossinthevirtualrealityenvironment.

14.What’sShayna’sattitudetowardsthenewstudy?

A.Concerned.B.Positive.C.Doubtful.D.Critical.

15.WhatdoestheauthorhighlightabouttheBMIinthelastparagraph?

A.Itsdesignconcept.B.Itsresearchlimitation.

C.Itsoperatingprinciple.D.Itsapplicationpotential.

【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章圍繞一項(xiàng)新研究展開，證實(shí)老鼠能主動(dòng)激活腦海中熟悉地點(diǎn)的心理地圖，

打破了“腦海想象場景是人類獨(dú)有能力”的傳統(tǒng)認(rèn)知，同時(shí)介紹了研究使用的腦機(jī)接口（BMI）及其應(yīng)用

潛力。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容“Thisabilitytoimaginesuchsituationsinourmindsisthoughttobecrucial

tohumans’abilitytoplanaheadandhaslongbeenconsideredasafeaturethatdistinguisheshumansfrom

animals.(這種在腦海中想象這種情況的能力被認(rèn)為對人類提前計(jì)劃的能力至關(guān)重要，長期以來一直被認(rèn)為是

人類區(qū)別于動(dòng)物的一個(gè)特征。)”可知，這種在腦海中想象場景的能力長期被認(rèn)為是人類區(qū)別于動(dòng)物的特征，

即，傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，這是人類所特有的。故選A項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容“Byreproducingthebrainactivitythey’dshownduringtheprevioussessions,

theratscouldtraveltorewardlocationstakingadvantageoftheirownthoughts.(通過復(fù)制它們在前幾次訓(xùn)練中表

現(xiàn)出的大腦活動(dòng)，老鼠可以利用自己的想法前往獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)地點(diǎn)。)”可知，通過重現(xiàn)之前實(shí)驗(yàn)中展現(xiàn)的大腦活動(dòng)，

老鼠可以利用自己的想法到達(dá)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)位置，即，它們能夠憑借腦海中的地圖找到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)地點(diǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段內(nèi)容“‘Althoughit’sstillunclearwhattheratisexperiencingwhileit’stravelingor

howsimilaritistowhathappensinhumans,theteamhasdoneaconvincingjobofshowingratscanvoluntarily

reactivatementalmapsoffamiliarplaces,’saidShayna,acognitiveneuroscientist.(“盡管目前尚不清楚老鼠在移

動(dòng)過程中究竟經(jīng)歷了什么，也不清楚其行為與人類的情況是否有相似之處，但該研究團(tuán)隊(duì)已經(jīng)成功地證明

了老鼠能夠自主地重新激活對熟悉場所的記憶圖像?！闭J(rèn)知神經(jīng)科學(xué)家謝娜說。)”可知，Shayna評價(jià)“研

究團(tuán)隊(duì)令人信服地證明了老鼠能主動(dòng)重新激活熟悉地點(diǎn)的心理地圖”。由此推知，她對此的態(tài)度是積極的。

故選B項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章末尾段落內(nèi)容“TheresearchalsoshowsthattheBMIcanbeusedtoobservehippocampal

activity,providinganovelsystemforstudyingthisimportantbrainregion.BecausetheBMIisincreasinglyusedin

prosthetics(themakingofartificialbodyparts),thisnewapproachofmeasuringneuralactivityalsoopensupthe

possibilityofdesigningnovelprostheticdevicesbasedonthesameprinciples.(該研究還表明，BMI可用于觀察海

馬區(qū)的活動(dòng)，為研究這一重要的大腦區(qū)域提供了一種新的系統(tǒng)。由于BMI越來越多地用于假肢（人造身體

部位的制造），這種測量神經(jīng)活動(dòng)的新方法也為基于相同原理設(shè)計(jì)新型假肢裝置開辟了可能性。)”可知，這

里提到BMI“為研究大腦區(qū)域提供新系統(tǒng)”，且“為設(shè)計(jì)新型假肢設(shè)備開辟了可能性”，強(qiáng)調(diào)了其實(shí)用價(jià)

值。由此推知，作者強(qiáng)調(diào)了BMI的應(yīng)用潛力。故選D項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，選出最佳選項(xiàng)填在空白處。其中兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

EversinceIwasachild,I’vebeenfrightenedbytheideaofdisappointingpeople.____16____From

preschoolthroughmymasterdegreeyearsIwasalwaysthefirstinmyclass.Butobviously,I’mnotagenius.

Sometimes,Ibroughthomeanineoutoftengradeandmyparentswouldaskmewheretheotherpointhadgone.

Ofcourse,theexplanationwassimple:I’dmadeamistake.Butforaperfectionist,that’saverydangerous

thought,whichcancauseachainofabusiveself-talks.Afterall,thatmistakewassostupid.____17____

Whathidesbehindmyperfectionismistheillusion(幻覺)ofcontrol,theideathatifIworkhardanddomy

best,I’llbeperfectandprotected,____18____Everyoneisallowedtomakemistakes,exceptme;everythingisa

competition,andanythingIcan’twinisadeadloss.

____19____Itcanevenmakeyouphysicallysickwithheadaches,stomachaches,musclecrampsandso.on.

Insomecases,itleadstoself-harmingbehavior,suchaseatingdisordersandaddiction.Theotherdarksideof

perfectionismisthatyoubecomeunabletotrulyappreciateyoursuccess—youonlyfocusonwhatyoucould’ve

donebetter.

Despitetheproblems,perfectionismhasallowedmetocompletealotandbecomewhoIamtoday.“Tosee

perfectionismasauniquelynegativethingisactuallytodenyapartofyourself,”saidtheperfectionismcoach

YasminaHajoui.____20____Butthatdesireneedstobebalancedandcomefromahealthyplace.

A.Perfectionismisasurvivalmechanism.

B.There’snothingwrongwithwantingtodothingswell.

C.Theproblemisthatperfectionismbringsmorethanstress.

D.Ishouldhavestudiedmore,workedharderandfocusedbetter.

E.Inperfectionism,wetendtobelievethatonlyourachievementsdefineus.

F.Andifsomethingisn’tperfect,thatmeansit’smyfaultandthatI’mawful.

G.Mysolutiontothatanxietywastoachieveperfectionism-andmostly,itworked.

【答案】16.G17.D18.F19.C20.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章結(jié)合作者自身經(jīng)歷，說明了完美主義給人帶來的影響。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“EversinceIwasachild,I’vebeenfrightenedbytheideaofdisappointingpeople.(從我還是個(gè)孩子的

時(shí)候起，我就害怕讓別人失望)”可知，本句成績上文，說明作者為了不讓別人失望采取了什么辦法。故G

選項(xiàng)“我對這種焦慮的解決辦法是追求完美——而且大多數(shù)情況下，它都奏效了”符合語境，故選G。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Ofcourse,theexplanationwassimple:I’dmadeamistake.Butforaperfectionist,that’savery

dangerousthought,whichcancauseachainofabusiveself-talks.Afterall,thatmistakewassostupid.(當(dāng)然，原因

很簡單：我犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。但對于一個(gè)完美主義者來說，這是一個(gè)非常危險(xiǎn)的想法，它會(huì)導(dǎo)致一連串的虐

待性自言自語。畢竟，那個(gè)錯(cuò)誤太愚蠢了)”可知，上文提到了作者認(rèn)識到了自己犯錯(cuò)是愚蠢的，說明采取

了方法來糾正錯(cuò)誤。故D選項(xiàng)“我應(yīng)該多學(xué)習(xí)，更努力工作，更專注”符合語境，故選D。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Whathidesbehindmyperfectionismistheillusion(幻覺)ofcontrol,theideathatifIworkhardand

domybest,I’llbeperfectandprotected(隱藏在我的完美主義背后的是一種控制的錯(cuò)覺，這種想法是，如果我

努力工作，盡我最大的努力，我就會(huì)完美和被保護(hù))”以及后文“Everyoneisallowedtomakemistakes,except

me;everythingisacompetition,andanythingIcan’twinisadeadloss.(每個(gè)人都可以犯錯(cuò)誤，除了我；一切都

是一場比賽，任何贏不了的事都是死輸)”可知，上文假設(shè)了努力變得完成和被保護(hù)的情況，推測本句是在

說明另一種不完美的情況，作者會(huì)如何反應(yīng)。故F選項(xiàng)“如果某件事不完美，那就意味著是我的錯(cuò)，我很

糟糕”符合語境，故選F。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Itcanevenmakeyouphysicallysickwithheadaches,stomachaches,musclecrampsandso.on.In

somecases,itleadstoself-harmingbehavior,suchaseatingdisordersandaddiction.Theotherdarksideof

perfectionismisthatyoubecomeunabletotrulyappreciateyoursuccess—youonlyfocusonwhatyoucould’ve

donebetter.(它甚至?xí)屇闵眢w不適，比如頭痛、胃痛、肌肉痙攣等等。在某些情況下，它會(huì)導(dǎo)致自我傷害

行為，如飲食失調(diào)和成癮。完美主義的另一個(gè)陰暗面是，你變得無法真正感激你的成功——你只關(guān)注你可

以做得更好的地方)”可知，本段主要論述了完美主義給身體帶來的危害。故C選項(xiàng)“問題是完美主義帶來

的不僅僅是壓力”符合語境，故選C。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Despitetheproblems,perfectionismhasallowedmetocompletealotandbecomewhoIamtoday.“To

seeperfectionismasauniquelynegativethingisactuallytodenyapartofyourself,”saidtheperfectionismcoach

YasminaHajoui.(盡管有這些問題，但完美主義讓我完成了很多事情，成為了今天的我?！鞍淹昝乐髁x視為

一種獨(dú)特的負(fù)面因素，實(shí)際上是在否認(rèn)自己的一部分，”完美主義教練亞YasminaHajoui說)”以及后文

“Butthatdesireneedstobebalancedandcomefromahealthyplace.(但這種欲望需要平衡，并且來自一個(gè)健康

的地方)”可知，后文與本句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，后文提出欲望要平衡，推測本句主要針對完美主義的合理性展開論

述。故B選項(xiàng)“想把事情做好并沒有錯(cuò)”符合語境，故選B。

第三部分英語知識運(yùn)用（共四節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)：完形填空（共15小題；每題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選