專升本英語(yǔ)專業(yè)2025年英美文學(xué)閱讀試卷（含答案）考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分閱讀理解directions:ReadthefollowingpassagesandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthebestoptionfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).MarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage1TheBront?sisters,Charlotte,Emily,andAnne,emergedfromaclose-knitfamilyinYorkshire,England,duringtheearly19thcentury.Theirchildhoodwasmarkedbyhardship,includingthelossoftheirmotheratayoungageandsubsequenttimeinanaustereboardingschool.Yet,theseexperiences,ratherthanstiflingtheircreativity,seemedtofuelit.Theygrewupsurroundedbybooks,encouragedbytheirfather,therectorofHaworth,andsharedapassionforwritingandstorytelling,oftencreatingelaboratefictionalworldsandpublishingtheirworksunderpseudonymsaschildren.Despitethelimitationsoftheircircumstances,theirliteraryoutputwasremarkable,leavingbehindworksthatcontinuetoresonatewithreadersfortheirintenseemotions,strongfemalevoices,andexplorationofthemeslikesocialisolation,classconstraints,andinnerturmoil.WhileEmily's*WutheringHeights*andCharlotte's*JaneEyre*achievedwidespreadrecognitionduringtheirlifetimes,Anne's*AgnesGrey*and*TheTenantofWildfellHall*alsodemonstratekeenobservationandemotionaldepth.1.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheBront?sisters'upbringing?A)Itwaspredominantlycharacterizedbylonelinessanddeprivation.B)Itprovidedthemwithabundantopportunitiesforliteraryexploration.C)Itheavilyinfluencedtheirdecisiontousepseudonymsfortheirwritings.D)Itwasmarkedbyhardshipbutalsobystrongfamilysupportandintellectualstimulation.2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasathemeexploredintheirworks?A)Thecomplexitiesofhumanemotions.B)Therigidsocialhierarchiesoftheirtime.C)Thepursuitofpersonalfreedomandautonomy.D)ThehistoricalandgeographicalsettingsofYorkshire.3.Theword"austere"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto:A)LuxuriousB)HarshC)ScholarlyD)Isolated4.Whatconnectiondoesthepassagedrawbetweenthesisters'earlyexperiencesandtheirlaterliterarysuccess?A)Thehardshipstheyendureddirectlydictatedthespecificsubjectsoftheirnovels.B)Theirsharedpassionforstorytellingfromayoungageprovidedthefoundationfortheirliterarycareers.C)Theboardingschooleducationofferedthemtheformaltrainingnecessarytobecomesuccessfulwriters.D)Theirfather'sencouragementensuredtheirworkswouldbepublishedduringtheirlifetimes.5.ThepassagesuggeststhattheBront?sisters'recognitionisprimarilydueto:A)Thediversityoftheirliteraryoutputacrossvariousgenres.B)Theemotionalintensityanduniqueperspectivesfoundintheirmajornovels.C)TheirpioneeringroleinestablishingmodernEnglishliterature.D)Thesocialcommentaryandpoliticalthemespresentintheirstories.Passage2VirginiaWoolf,acentralfigureofmodernistliterature,revolutionizedthenovelformthroughherinnovativetechniquesfocusedontheinnerlivesofhercharacters.InfluencedbyphilosopherslikeBergsonandFreud,Woolfsoughttocapturethecontinuous,fluidflowofconsciousnessratherthanmerelychronicleexternalevents.Herstream-of-consciousnesstechniqueaimedtorepresentthesubjectiveexperience,theassociations,andtheoftenillogicalpathwaysofthought.Workslike*Mrs.Dalloway*,*TotheLighthouse*,and*TheWaves*demonstratethisapproach,immersingreadersinthemindsofmultiplecharactersandexploringtheintricateconnectionsbetweenexternalrealityandinternalperception.Woolf'sexplorationofmemory,time,andthefemaleexperiencealsochallengedtraditionalnarrativestructuresandsocialnormsofherera.Herfocusonthesubtlepsychologicalnuancesandthepassageofmoments—oftenmarkedbyasenseoftime'sfluidity—markedasignificantdeparturefromrealisttraditionsandprofoundlyinfluencedsubsequentgenerationsofwriters.6.WhatistheprimaryfocusofWoolf'sliteraryinnovation,asdescribedinthepassage?A)Thedetaileddepictionofsocialritualsandcustomsofhertime.B)Theexplorationofcomplexpoliticalideologiesthroughnarrative.C)Therepresentationofthecontinuousflowofhumanconsciousness.D)Theuseofelaboratesymbolismandallegoryinherstorytelling.7.Thepassagementions"BergsonandFreud"primarilytoindicate:A)ThespecifictitlesofWoolf'searlyworks.B)ThesocialcirclesWoolfmovedinduringherlife.C)ThephilosophicalandpsychologicalinfluencesonWoolf'swritingstyle.D)Themaincharacterswhopopulatehernovel*TheWaves*.8.Accordingtothepassage,howdidWoolf'swritingdifferfromtraditionalrealistnovels?A)Shefocusedexclusivelyonmalecharacters,whereasrealistsfocusedonfemales.B)Sheignoredhistoricalsettingsinfavorofpurelyimaginaryworlds.C)Sheprioritizedtheinternalpsychologicalstateoverexternalplotdevelopment.D)Sheusedsimple,straightforwardlanguage,unlikethecomplexproseofrealists.9.Woolf'sinterestinthefemaleexperience,asmentionedinthepassage,suggeststhatherwork:A)Primarilyaimedtoprovidepracticalguidanceforwomeninsociety.B)Challengedthepredominantlymale-centricperspectivesofliteraryfictionatthetime.C)Focusedsolelyondomesticlifeandignoredpublicaffairs.D)Advocatedforspecificpoliticalreformsthroughhernarrative.10.Thephrase"markedasignificantdeparture"inthefinalsentenceimpliesthat:A)Woolf'swritingstylewassuddenlyanddramaticallydifferentfromeverythingthatcamebefore.B)Herapproachtonovelwritingintroducednewtechniquesthatwerelaterwidelyadopted.C)Herworkwasconsideredsoinnovativethatitwasalmostincomprehensibletoreaders.D)Sheintentionallydeviatedfromestablishedliteraryconventionstoprovokecontroversy.Passage3ArthurMiller's*TheCrucible*isaplaywritteninthe1950sthatusesthehistoricaleventoftheSalemwitchtrialsasanallegoryfortheMcCarthyismofthetime.SetinaPuritancommunityinMassachusettsin1692,theplayrevolvesaroundtheaccusationsofwitchcraftandthesubsequenttrialsthaterupt,leadingtohysteriaandtragicconsequences.Thecentralcharacter,JohnProctor,isarespectedfarmerwhostruggleswithhispastsinofadulterywhenhefacesaccusations.Hisattempttoconfrontthetruthandchallengethefalseaccusationsleadstohisdownfall,highlightingthemesofintegrity,justice,andthedangersofmasshysteriafueledbyfearandindividualprejudice.Millermasterfullyportrayshoweasilyacommunitycanbemanipulatedintoabandoningreasonandsuccumbingtobaseinstinctswhenconfrontedwithperceivedthreats.ThroughProctor'sfateandthesufferingofotherslikeElizabethProctorandRebeccaNurse,theplaydeliversapowerfulcritiqueoftheabuseofpowerandtheerosionofmoralcompassinthefaceofcommunalfear.11.WhatistheprimarypurposeofusingtheSalemwitchtrialsasanallegoryin*TheCrucible*?A)Toprovideahistoricalrecordoftheeventsin17th-centurySalem.B)ToexplorethearchitecturalandculturalfeaturesofPuritanvillages.C)Todrawparallelsbetweenthepoliticalclimateofthe1950sandthereligiousfervorofthe1690s.D)ToofferaromanticizedviewofPuritanlifeandvalues.12.Accordingtothepassage,whatinternalconflictdoesJohnProctorface?A)Whethertoparticipateinthetrialsornot.B)Whethertoconfesstowitchcrafttosavehislifeormaintainhisintegrity.C)WhethertoabandonhiswifeElizabethforayoungerwoman.D)Whethertosupporttheaccusationsagainstothersordefendtheaccused.13.Theword"erode"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto:A)StrengthenB)DiminishC)ExpandD)Restore14.ThepassagesuggeststhatMiller'sportrayalofthePuritancommunityservesto:A)Commendtheirresilienceinthefaceofadversity.B)Highlightthevulnerabilityofcommunitiestomanipulationandfear.C)Justifythehistoricalactionsofthejudgesandaccusers.D)Celebratethereligiouspietyandmoralrigidityofthetime.15.WhichofthefollowingthemesisNOTexplicitlymentionedasbeingexploredintheplay?A)Theconsequencesoflyingandbreakingcommitments.B)Theroleofindividualcourageversusconformity.C)TheeconomicstrugglesfacedbyfarmersincolonialAmerica.D)Theimpactofleadershipandauthorityongroupbehavior.第二部分閱讀理解續(xù)directions:ReadthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthebestoptionfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).MarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage4JamesJoyce,anIrishwriterregardedasoneofthemostinfluentialauthorsofthe20thcentury,pioneeredthestream-of-consciousnesstechniqueandexploredthecomplexitiesoflanguageandidentityinworkssuchas*Ulysses*and*FinnegansWake*.Hisnovel*Ulysses*,publishedin1922,issetinasingledayinDublinandfollowsthemeanderingthoughtsandexperiencesofthreecharacters:LeopoldBloom,StephenDedalus,andMollyBloom.Thenovel'sstructure,dividedinto18episodes,mirrorstheepisodesofHomer's*Odyssey*,creatingacomplextapestryofmodernlifeandinnerpsychology.Joyce'suseofmultiplevoices,denselinguisticexperimentation,andallusionstoavastrangeofliteratureandculturemade*Ulysses*notoriouslychallenginguponitsrelease,earningitbothfameandnotoriety.Despiteitsdifficulties,thenoveliscelebratedforitsartisticambitionanditsprofoundinsightsintothehumancondition,theworkingsofthemind,andthepoweroflanguagetoshapeperception.*FinnegansWake*,Joyce'sfinalandevenmoreexperimentalwork,attemptsauniversaldream-likeexplorationofhistory,language,andidentity,furtherpushingtheboundariesofliteraryform.16.WhatisthemaincharacteristicofJamesJoyce'swritingstyle,asmentionedinthepassage?A)Itsadherencetotraditionalnarrativestructuresandclearlanguage.B)Itsinnovativeexplorationofconsciousnessanditsexperimentaluseoflanguage.C)Itsfocusonhistoricaleventsandpoliticalfiguresof20th-centuryIreland.D)Itsrelianceonsimplelanguageandstraightforwardstorytellingtoappealtoabroadaudience.17.Thecomparisonof*Ulysses*toHomer's*Odyssey*servesprimarilyto:A)DemonstratethehistoricalknowledgeJoycepossessedaboutancientGreece.B)Showthatthecharactersin*Ulysses*aredirectdescendantsofOdysseus'screw.C)CreateaparallelbetweenthejourneyofOdysseusandtheexperiencesofthenovel'scharacterswithinDublin.D)SuggestthatJoyceintended*Ulysses*tobeasimpleretellingoftheepicpoem.18.Thephrase"notoriouslychallenging"indicatesthat:A)Thenovelwasdifficulttoreadandunderstandduetoitscomplexstyleandstructure.B)Manypeoplewhotriedtoreadthenovelfounditextremelydifficult.C)Thenovelfacedwidespreadcriticismfromliteraryscholarsuponitspublication.D)Thenovel'scontentwasconsideredcontroversialandsociallyunacceptable.19.Joyce'sexplorationof"thehumancondition,theworkingsofthemind,andthepoweroflanguage"inhisworksuggestsafocuson:A)ThesocialandeconomicconditionsofDublinintheearly20thcentury.B)Therelationshipbetweenindividualidentityandtheabstractnatureoflanguage.C)ThepoliticalstrugglesandrevolutionarymovementsinIreland.D)Thescientificstudyofthebrainanditsfunctions.20.Thecomplexityof*FinnegansWake*describedinthefinalsentenceimpliesthatit:A)Isasimplenarrativetoldinthestyleofawakingdream.B)RepresentsJoyce'sfinalattempttowriteaconventionalnovel.C)Attemptsahighlyambitiousanddifficultexplorationoflanguageandhistory.D)Isprimarilyapoliticalpamphletdisguisedasaliterarywork.第三部分閱讀理解directions:ReadthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthebestoptionfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).MarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage5TheVictorianerainEngland,spanningmuchofthe19thcentury,wasaperiodofprofoundsocial,industrial,andtechnologicalchange.WhilemarkedbyadvancementsliketheIndustrialRevolutionandtheexpansionoftheBritishEmpire,itwasalsoatimeofstarksocialinequalities,rigidclassstructures,andburgeoningindustrialpollution.Thisdualityisvividlyreflectedintheliteratureoftheperiod,whichoftenexploredthetensionsbetweenprogressanddecay,individualambitionandsocietalconstraints,andthestrugglesofdifferentsocialclasses.AuthorslikeCharlesDickens,GeorgeEliot,andtheBront?sistersusedtheirworkstocritiquesocialinjustices,exposetheharshrealitiesfacedbythepoor,andexaminethecomplexinterplayoffate,freewill,andpersonalmorality.Dickens,inparticular,isrenownedforhisabilitytocreatecompellingcharactersfromallwalksoflife,oftenusingexaggerationandsatiretohighlighttheabsurditiesandcrueltyofsociety.Hisnovels,suchas*OliverTwist*and*GreatExpectations*,remainpopularfortheirdramaticnarrativesandtheirenduringcommentaryonsocialissueslikechildlabor,poverty,andthepursuitofwealth.21.WhatisthecentralthemedescribedinthepassageascharacteristicofVictorianliterature?A)Thecelebrationofindustrialprogressandtechnologicalinnovation.B)Theexplorationofidealizedrurallifeandpastoralideals.C)Theexaminationofsocialinequalitiesandthecritiqueofsocietalnorms.D)Thefocusonromanticloveandtheadventuresofaristocraticheroes.22.Thephrase"starksocialinequalities"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto:A)Noticeabledifferencesinwealthandopportunityamongsocialgroups.B)Thecreationofnewsocialclassesthroughindustrialization.C)Theunequaltreatmentofindividualsbasedontheirbirthstatus.D)Thesharpdeclineinthestandardoflivingfortheworkingclass.23.Whichauthormentionedinthepassageisprimarilynotedfortheiruseofsatireandexaggerationtocritiquesociety?A)EmilyBront?B)GeorgeEliotC)CharlesDickensD)VirginiaWoolf24.Dickens'snovels,asdescribedinthepassage,aresignificantfortheir:A)AccuratehistoricaldepictionsofVictorianurbanlife.B)Portrayalofcomplexpsychologicalportraitsofaristocraticcharacters.C)Useofrealisticsettingsanddialoguetocreateimmersiveexperiences.D)Enduringsocialcommentaryonissueslikepovertyandclass.25.ThepassagesuggeststhattheworksofVictorianauthorsliketheBront?sistersandDickens:A)Primarilyaimedtoprovidepracticalsolutionstosocialproblems.B)Offeredanuancedunderstandingofthecomplexitiesofindustrialsociety.C)Focusedexclusivelyonthelivesofwomenduringthatera.D)Advocatedforimmediatepoliticalrevolutionthroughtheirnarratives.第四部分閱讀理解directions:ReadthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthebestoptionfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).MarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage6TheSymbolistmovementinliterature,emerginginthelate19thcentury,markedasignificantshiftawayfromnaturalismandrealismtowardsafocusonsuggestion,symbolism,andtheexpressionofsubjectiveemotionsandexperiences.InfluencedbyfigureslikeBaudelaireandVerlaineinFrance,Symbolistpoetssoughttomovebeyondliteraldescriptionsofthephysicalworld,insteadusingsymbols,metaphors,andvividimagerytoevokemoods,sensations,anddeepertruths.Theybelievedthatlanguagecouldcapturetheessenceofinnerfeelingsandmysticalexperiencesthatwerebeyondeasyarticulation.Thisoftenresultedinhighlyaesthetic,sometimesobscurepoetrycharacterizedbymusicality,intricatewordplay,andafocusonthepoweroftheimagination.KeyfigureslikeArthurRimbaudandPaulVerlaineemphasizedtheroleofthepoetasavisionary,capableofperceivingandconveyingthehiddenrealitiesoftheuniversethroughart.Symbolismprofoundlyinfluencedlatermovements,includingModernism,anditsemphasisontheevocativepoweroflanguageremainsasignificantaspectofliteraryexpression.26.WhatwastheprimarygoaloftheSymbolistmovementinliterature?A)Toaccuratelyportraytherealitiesofeverydaylifeandsociety.B)Touselanguagetosuggestandevokedeeperemotionalandmysticalexperiences.C)Todevelopnewscientifictheoriesabouthumanconsciousness.D)Tocreatepoetrythatwaseasilyaccessibletoawideaudience.27.Thepassagementions"BaudelaireandVerlaine"primarilytoidentify:A)SpecificexamplesofSymbolistpoetry.B)ThenationalliterarytraditionsofFranceandEngland.C)InfluentialfigureswhoshapedtheSymbolistmovement.D)ThemainthemesexploredinSymbolistworks.28.Theword"aesthetic"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto:A)PhilosophicalB)ArtisticC)ScientificD)Moral29.HowdidSymbolistpoetrydifferfromtherealismofthepreviousliteraryperiod,accordingtothepassage?A)Symbolistpoetryfocusedonhistoricalevents,whilerealismfocusedonemotions.B)Symbolistpoetryaimedtoconveysubjectiveexperiences,whilerealismfocusedonobjectivereality.C)Symbolistpoetsusedsimplelanguage,whilerealistsusedcomplexandornateprose.D)Symbolistpoetrydealtwithruralthemes,whilerealismdealtwithurbanthemes.30.ThepassagesuggeststhattheinfluenceofSymbolismonlatermovementswassignificantbecause:A)Itprovidedasimplesetofrulesforwriterstofollow.B)Itestablishednewliteraryformsthatwerewidelyadopted.C)Itintroducednewtechniquesforexpressingsubjectiveexperience.D)Itledtoarevivalofinterestinclassicalliterarythemes.---試卷答案1.D解析思路：文章第一段提到姐妹們“surroundedbybooks”，父親“encouragedbytheirfather”，以及她們“sharedapassionforwritingandstorytelling”，表明家庭環(huán)境提供了支持和文化氛圍。第二段提到“theseexperiences,ratherthanstiflingtheircreativity,seemedtofuelit”，說(shuō)明hardship不是主要因素。選項(xiàng)A和B片面描述了環(huán)境，選項(xiàng)C文中未直接提及，而選項(xiàng)D準(zhǔn)確概括了文中提到的逆境與家庭支持并存的環(huán)境。2.D解析思路：文章明確提到作品“explorethemeslikesocialisolation,classconstraints,andinnerturmoil”，選項(xiàng)A（人類情感復(fù)雜性）、B（社會(huì)等級(jí)制度）和C（個(gè)人自由與自主的追求）都在其中。選項(xiàng)D（作品的歷史和地理背景）雖然可能是作品的一部分，但并非文章強(qiáng)調(diào)的核心主題。3.B解析思路：根據(jù)上下文，“austereboardingschool”與“hardship”并列，描述了寄宿學(xué)校的艱苦條件。austere意為“樸素的，艱苦的，嚴(yán)酷的”，與harsh（嚴(yán)苛的）意思最為接近。選項(xiàng)A（奢華的）、C（學(xué)術(shù)的）、D（孤立的）均與語(yǔ)境不符。4.B解析思路：文章開(kāi)篇指出她們“sharedapassionforwritingandstorytelling,oftencreatingelaboratefictionalworldsandpublishingtheirworksunderpseudonymsaschildren”，這表明她們從小對(duì)故事和創(chuàng)作的熱情是她們文學(xué)生涯的基礎(chǔ)。選項(xiàng)A（苦難直接決定了小說(shuō)主題）、C（學(xué)校提供必要訓(xùn)練）、D（父親保證作品生前出版）均與文意不符。5.B解析思路：文章最后一句指出，盡管有其他作品，但讀者們“l(fā)eavebehindworksthatcontinuetoresonatewithreadersfortheirintenseemotions,strongfemalevoices,andexplorationofthemes...”，表明其作品因強(qiáng)烈的情感、獨(dú)特的女性視角和主題而廣受喜愛(ài)。選項(xiàng)A（多樣性）、C（開(kāi)創(chuàng)性）、D（社會(huì)政治主題）并非文中強(qiáng)調(diào)的主要認(rèn)可原因。6.C解析思路：文章第二段明確指出，“Woolfsoughttocapturethecontinuous,fluidflowofconsciousnessratherthanmerelychronicleexternalevents”，并介紹了“stream-of-consciousnesstechnique”。選項(xiàng)C準(zhǔn)確概括了這一核心創(chuàng)新。選項(xiàng)A、B、D在文中未作為她的主要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新點(diǎn)提及。7.C解析思路：文章第二段提到Woolf受到“philosopherslikeBergsonandFreud”的影響，并在第三段提到她探索“memory,time,andthefemaleexperience”，這些是哲學(xué)和心理學(xué)領(lǐng)域的內(nèi)容，直接指向了這些思想家對(duì)她寫作的影響。選項(xiàng)A、B、D將這些人或事件與其他含義聯(lián)系起來(lái)，不符合語(yǔ)境。8.C解析思路：文章第二段對(duì)比指出Woolf的“stream-of-consciousnesstechnique”旨在“representthesubjectiveexperience”，而傳統(tǒng)現(xiàn)實(shí)主義“merelychronicleexternalevents”，這表明Woolf更注重內(nèi)心而非外部情節(jié)。選項(xiàng)A（性別側(cè)重不同）、B（歷史與虛構(gòu)）、D（語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)單與復(fù)雜）均不是文中對(duì)比的核心差異點(diǎn)。9.B解析思路：文章提到Woolf探索“thefemaleexperience”，并指出這“challengedtraditionalnarrativestructuresandsocialnormsofherera”，暗示了她作品中對(duì)女性視角的關(guān)注是對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)男性中心主義文學(xué)的有力挑戰(zhàn)。選項(xiàng)A（提供實(shí)用指導(dǎo)）、C（忽視公共事務(wù)）、D（倡導(dǎo)具體政治改革）均未在文中提及。10.B解析思路：文章最后一句提到她的寫作“markedasignificantdeparturefromrealisttraditionsandprofoundlyinfluencedsubsequentgenerationsofwriters”，表明她的創(chuàng)新引入了新技巧，并對(duì)后世產(chǎn)生了廣泛影響。選項(xiàng)B準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)了這種影響和開(kāi)創(chuàng)性。選項(xiàng)A（突然戲劇性不同）、C（難以理解）、D（故意偏離引發(fā)爭(zhēng)議）均過(guò)度解讀或曲解了文意。11.C解析思路：文章第一段明確指出，“usesthehistoricaleventoftheSalemwitchtrialsasanallegoryfortheMcCarthyismofthetime”，說(shuō)明使用塞勒姆女巫審判作為麥卡錫主義的政治隱喻是本文的核心目的。選項(xiàng)A（歷史記錄）、B（探索建筑文化）、D（浪漫化視角）均不是其首要目的。12.B解析思路：文章第三段提到JohnProctor“struggleswithhispastsinofadulterywhenhefacesaccusations”，并且“hisattempttoconfrontthetruthandchallengethefalseaccusationsleadstohisdownfall”，表明他面臨的核心內(nèi)心沖突是如何處理通奸的過(guò)去并與不實(shí)的指控抗衡。選項(xiàng)A（是否參與審判）、C（是否放棄妻子）、D（是否拋棄妻子）均不是文中描述的主要內(nèi)心掙扎。13.B解析思路：根據(jù)上下文，“theerosionofmoralcompassinthefaceofcommunalfear”，其中“erode”意為“侵蝕，削弱”，與“moralcompass”（道德羅盤）結(jié)合，表示在群體恐懼面前道德感的削弱。選項(xiàng)A（加強(qiáng)）、B（削弱）、C（擴(kuò)大）、D（恢復(fù)）中，削弱的意思最接近。14.B解析思路：文章最后一句指出，通過(guò)Proctor等人的遭遇，“theplaydeliversapowerfulcritiqueoftheabuseofpowerandtheerosionofmoralcompassinthefaceofcommunalfear”，表明Miller通過(guò)描繪這個(gè)清教徒社區(qū)，旨在揭示群體在恐懼面前易被操縱、失去理智的脆弱性。選項(xiàng)A（贊揚(yáng)韌性）、C（為審判者辯護(hù)）、D（贊美道德嚴(yán)苛）均與批判態(tài)度相反。15.C解析思路：文章探討了“consequencesoflyingandbreakingcommitments”（謊言和違背承諾的后果）、“individualcourageversusconformity”（個(gè)人勇氣與從眾）、“theimpactofleadershipandauthorityongroupbehavior”（領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán)威對(duì)群體行為的影響），均與選項(xiàng)A、B、D相關(guān)。選項(xiàng)C（殖民時(shí)期農(nóng)民的經(jīng)濟(jì)困境）在文中未被提及。16.B解析思路：文章第一段明確提到Joyce“pioneeredthestream-of-consciousnesstechniqueandexploredthecomplexitiesoflanguageandidentity”，并指出他的作品“innovativetechniquesfocusedontheinnerlivesofhischaracters”和“denselinguisticexperimentation”。選項(xiàng)B準(zhǔn)確概括了其寫作風(fēng)格的特點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)A（傳統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)清晰語(yǔ)言）、C（歷史政治）、D（簡(jiǎn)單語(yǔ)言吸引大眾）均與文中描述相反。17.C解析思路：文章提到“setinasingledayinDublin”的*Ulysses*與“Homer's*Odyssey*”，并將其結(jié)構(gòu)“dividedinto18episodes”與“mirrorstheepisodesofHomer's*Odyssey*”聯(lián)系起來(lái)。這表明作者意在創(chuàng)造一個(gè)與奧德賽史詩(shī)在結(jié)構(gòu)和時(shí)間跨度上的平行，將現(xiàn)代都柏林的三個(gè)人物經(jīng)歷與古代英雄的旅程進(jìn)行類比。選項(xiàng)C最準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)了這種平行關(guān)系。18.A解析思路：根據(jù)上下文，“Itsuseofmultiplevoices,denselinguisticexperimentation,andallusionstoavastrangeofliteratureandculturemade*Ulysses*notoriouslychallenginguponitsrelease”，說(shuō)明該小說(shuō)的難度源于其復(fù)雜的風(fēng)格和結(jié)構(gòu)，導(dǎo)致讀者難以理解和閱讀。選項(xiàng)A（閱讀和理解難度大）是“challenging”最直接的體現(xiàn)。選項(xiàng)B（多數(shù)人覺(jué)得困難）、C（學(xué)者批評(píng)）、D（內(nèi)容爭(zhēng)議）是結(jié)果或表現(xiàn)，而非“notoriouslychallenging”本身的意思。19.B解析思路：文章最后一句提到Joyce的作品探索了“thehumancondition,theworkingsofthemind,andthepoweroflanguage”，這表明他的關(guān)注點(diǎn)在于個(gè)體身份與語(yǔ)言之間復(fù)雜而抽象的關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)A（都柏林社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)）、C（政治斗爭(zhēng)）、D（腦科學(xué)）均不是文中強(qiáng)調(diào)的核心。選項(xiàng)B（個(gè)體身份與語(yǔ)言關(guān)系）與文意最符合。20.C解析思路：文章最后一句描述*FinnegansWake*“attemptsauniversaldream-likeexplorationofhistory,language,andidentity”，其中“highlyambitious”和“difficult”這兩個(gè)詞表明這部作品試圖進(jìn)行一次非常宏大且困難的探索。選項(xiàng)C（對(duì)語(yǔ)言和歷史的宏大困難探索）最能體現(xiàn)句子的含義。選項(xiàng)A（簡(jiǎn)單夢(mèng)樣敘事）、B（嘗試寫傳統(tǒng)小說(shuō)）、D（政治宣傳）均與文意不符。21.C解析思路：文章第一段明確指出Victorianliterature“oftenexploredthetensionsbetweenprogressanddecay,individualambitionandsocietalconstraints,andthe