高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1陜西省西安市某中學(xué)2025-2026學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開學(xué)英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳答案。AToincreaseyourchancesoflandinganassignmentforatravelguidebook,youneedtofindoutwhatthepublishersarelookingfor．Herearelinkstotheirsubmissionguidelineswithafewspecialrequirementsandtips．Fonor'sFonor'sisapublishingcompanyofbothtravelguidebooksandonlinecontentcoveringthousandsofdestinationsworldwide．VisitFonors．com/about-us,andnearthebottomofthepageyou'llfind"WriteforUs"withinformationforsubmittingarticles．Doremembertoattachacopyofoneofyourotherworkswhencontributing．☆TIP:Fonor'salwayshireswriterswholiveinthedestinationstheycover．So,it'sgoodtoremember:Whileyoumaywanttowriteaboutaforeigndestination,morethanlikelyyou'reclosertobeinganexpertabouttheplacewhereyoulive．WorkmanWorkmanpublishesuniqueandunexpectedtravelguidessuchas1,000PlacestoSeeBeforeYouDie,andTheFoodLover'sGuidetoParis．Considerthemifyou'reinterestedinwritinganontraditionaltravelguide．Youcanfindtheirsubmissionguidelinesatworkman．com/work-with-us．Theyrequireatypicalnonfictionbookproposalwithasuggestedtableofcontentsandauthorinformation．Achapterofyourotherbooksisalsorequired．Sendyoursubmissionstosubmissions@．☆TIP:Iftheydon'tacceptyourarticle,youmightbeluckyenoughtogetfeedbackaboutwhy．LonelyPlanetWriterscangetintouchwithLonelyPlanetbyvisitingtheir"BecomeaContributor"pageatLonelyP/contribute．Atthatpageyou'llfindaformaskingforaresume（簡歷）andlinkstoyourotherwriting,butthere'salsospaceformoretravel-relatedinformationsuchasgeographicalknowledgeandleveloffluencyinrelevantlanguages．☆TIP:You'llfindtheyalsoacceptarticlesfor"TravelNews"．Iftheysayyes,youmaygetanotherchanceforabiggerjobsuchasaguidebook．Formoreinformationonpublishers,pleasevisitContributorsD．1.Thispassageismainlyfor_______________．A.guides B.writersC.travelers D.publishers2.Whomayprovideadviceonhowtoimprovearticles?A.Fonor's． B.Workman．C.LonelyPlanet． D.Contributor'sDigest．3.Whatisrequiredbyallthecompanies?A.Geographicalknowledge． B.Nontraditionalideas．C.Overseasexperience． D.Previouswriting．【答案】1.B2.B3.D【語篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了三個出版社接受文章的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，出版社網(wǎng)址以及一些特殊要求和提示?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通過文章第一段“Toincreaseyourchancesoflandinganassignmentforatravelguidebook,youneedtofindoutwhatthepublishersarelookingfor．Herearelinkstotheirsubmissionguidelineswithafewspecialrequirementsandtips．（為了增加你得到編寫旅行指南工作的機會，你需要明白出版商想要的是什么。以下是他們網(wǎng)站的鏈接，其中有一些特殊要求和提示。）”可以推知，本篇文章主要是通過介紹一些出版社，為作家提供機會。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章“Workman”部分的小貼士“Iftheydon'tacceptyourarticle,youmightbeluckyenoughtogetfeedbackaboutwhy．（如果他們不接受你的文章，你可能會很幸運地得到關(guān)于原因的反饋。）”可知BWorkman．可以就如何改進文章提供建議。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通過文章“Fonor's”部分“Doremembertoattachacopyofoneofyourotherworkswhencontributing．（請記住在投稿時附上您的其他作品的副本。）”和“Workman”部分“Achapterofyourotherbooksisalsorequired．（你的其他書籍的一章也是必需的。）”以及“LonelyPlanet”部分“Atthatpageyou'llfindaformaskingforaresume（簡歷）andlinkstoyourotherwriting.(在那一頁，你會看到一張要求提供簡歷和你其他作品的鏈接的表格。)”可以推知，所有公司都要求作者有作品，即有寫作經(jīng)驗。故選D項。BEveryAprilIamtroubledbythesameconcernthatspringmightnotoccurthisyear.Thelandscapelooksdull,withhills,skyandforestappearinggrey.Myspiritsebb,astheydidduringanAprilsnowfallwhenIfirstcametoMaine.“Justwait,”aneighbouradvised.“You’llwakeuponemorningandspringwilljustbehere.”Andlook,on3MaythatyearIawoketoagreensoamazingastobealmostelectric,asifspringweresimplyamatterofflippingaswitch.Hills,sky,andforestrevealedtheirpurples,blues,andgreens.Leaveshadunfoldedanddaffodilswerefightingtheirwayheavenward.Thentherewastheoldappletree.Itsitsonanundevelopedlotinmyneighbourhood.Itbelongstonooneandthereforetoeveryone.Thetree’sdarktwistedbranchesstretchoutinunprunedabandon.Eachspringitblossomssofreelythattheairbecomesfilledwiththescentofapple.Untillastyear,IthoughtIwastheonlyoneawareofthistree.Andthenoneday,inabitofspringmadness,Isetouttoremoveafewdisorderlybranches.NosoonerhadIarrivedunderthetreethanneighboursopenedtheirwindowsandsteppedontotheirporches.ThesewerepeopleIbarelyknewandseldomspoketo,butitwasasifIhadcomeuninvitedintotheirpersonalgardens.Mymobile-homeneighbourwasthefirsttospeak.“You’renotcuttingitdown,areyou?”sheaskedanxiously.AnotherneighbourfrownedasIcutoffabranch.“Don’tkillit,now,”hewarned.Soon,halftheneighbourhoodhadjoinedmeundertheappletree.ItstruckmethatIhadlivedthereforfiveyearsandonlynowwaslearningthesepeople’snames,whattheydidforaliving,andhowtheypassedthewinter.Itwasasiftheoldappletreewasgatheringusunderitsbranchesforthepurposeofbothacquaintanceshipandsharedwonder.Icouldn’thelprecallingRobertFrost’swords:Thetreesthathaveitintheirpent-upbudsTodarkennatureandbesummerwoodsOnethaw(解凍)ledtoanother.Justtheotherday,Isawoneofmyneighboursatthelocalstore.Heremarkedhowthisrecentwinterhadbeenespeciallylongandcomplainedofnothavingseenorspokenatlengthtoanyoneinourneighbourhood.Andthen,helookedatmeandsaid,“Weneedtoprunethatappletreeagain.”4.Bysayingthat“myspiritsebb”inparagraph1,theauthormeansthat.A.hefeelsrelieved B.heischeerfulC.heisastonished D.hefeelsblue5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheappletreeaccordingtothepassage?A.Nooneotherthantheauthorcaresabouttheappletree.B.Itgrowsonpublicproperty.C.ItisasourceoffreshfruitfortheneighbourhoodD.Itiscarefullyattendedtobytheauthor.6.Itcanbeinferredfromtheneighbour’swordsinthelastparagraphthat.A.Hehasapassionforgardening.B.Hewasconcernedaboutthesafetyofthetree.C.Heenjoyedthecompanyofhisneighbours.D.Hechangedhismindaboutpruningthetree.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheBeautyofNatureB.TheSecretoftheAppleTree.C.UndertheBlossoms.D.TheSpringinMaine.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在緬因州經(jīng)歷的春天景象，以及一棵老蘋果樹如何成為鄰里間交流和聯(lián)系的紐帶，展現(xiàn)了自然之美和鄰里之間的溫情?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中“EveryAprilIamtroubledbythesameconcernthatspringmightnotoccurthisyear.Thelandscapelooksdull,withhills,skyandforestappearinggrey.(每年四月，我都會被同樣的擔(dān)憂所困擾，擔(dān)心今年春天不會到來。風(fēng)景看起來單調(diào)乏味，山巒、天空和森林都是灰色的。)”以及“astheydidduringanAprilsnowfallwhenIfirstcametoMaine.(就像我第一次來到緬因州時四月的降雪一樣。)”可知，作者初到緬因州時，四月的景色單調(diào)灰暗，甚至還下過雪，這樣的景象讓作者情緒低落，因此，“Myspiritsebb”指的是“hefeelsblue(他感到沮喪)”。故選D項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Itsitsonanundevelopedlotinmyneighbourhood.Itbelongstonooneandthereforetoeveryone.(它坐落在我家附近的一塊未開發(fā)的土地上。它不屬于任何人，因此屬于每個人。)”可知，這棵蘋果樹生長不屬于任何人地方，因此屬于大家，即生長在公共土地上，屬于公共財產(chǎn)。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Heremarkedhowthisrecentwinterhadbeenespeciallylongandcomplainedofnothavingseenorspokenatlengthtoanyoneinourneighbourhood.Andthen,helookedatmeandsaid,“Weneedtoprunethatappletreeagain.”(他提到這個冬天格外漫長，還抱怨說很久沒和鄰里的人好好見個面、聊聊天了。接著，他看著我說：“我們得再修剪一下那棵蘋果樹了?！?”可知，鄰居抱怨冬天漫長，沒有和社區(qū)的人長時間交流，然后提出再修剪蘋果樹，由此可推知，他享受和鄰居在一起的時光。故選C項?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第三段中“Thentherewastheoldappletree.(還有那棵老蘋果樹。)”以及第五段中“Soon,halftheneighbourhoodhadjoinedmeundertheappletree.ItstruckmethatIhadlivedthereforfiveyearsandonlynowwaslearningthesepeople’snames,whattheydidforaliving,andhowtheypassedthewinter.Itwasasiftheoldappletreewasgatheringusunderitsbranchesforthepurposeofbothacquaintanceshipandsharedwonder.(很快，半個街區(qū)的人都來和我一起待在蘋果樹下了。我突然意識到，自己在這兒住了五年，直到現(xiàn)在才知道這些人的名字、他們的謀生方式，以及他們是如何過冬的。那棵老蘋果樹仿佛就是要把我們聚集在它的枝丫下，既讓我們彼此相識，又讓我們一同感受這份奇妙。)”可知，文章主要講述了作者在緬因州經(jīng)歷的春天景象，以及一棵老蘋果樹如何成為鄰里間交流和聯(lián)系的紐帶，C項“UndertheBlossoms(繁花之下)”，既體現(xiàn)了文章中的蘋果樹這一核心元素，又富有詩意，能夠吸引讀者，適宜作為標(biāo)題使用。故選C項。CIsforgivenessagainstourhumannature?Toanswerourquestion,weneedtoaskafurtherquestion:Whatistheessenceofourhumanity?Forthesakeofsimplicity,peopleconsidertwodistinctlydifferentviewsofhumanity.Thefirstviewinvolvesdominanceandpower.Inanearlypaperonthepsychologyofforgiveness,Droll(1984)madetheinterestingclaimthathumans’essentialnatureismoreaggressivethanforgivingallows.Thosewhoforgiveareagainsttheirbasicnature,muchtotheirharm.Inhisopinion,forgiversarecompromisingtheirwell-beingastheyoffermercytoothers,whomightthentakeadvantageofthem.Thesecondviewinvolvesthethemeofcooperation,mutualrespect,andevenloveasthebasisofwhoweareashumans.Researchersfindthattofullygrowashumanbeings,weneedbothtoreceivelovefromandofferlovetoothers.Withoutlove,ourconnectionswithawiderangeofindividualsinourlivescanfallapart.Evencommonsensestronglysuggeststhatthewilltopoweroverothersdoesnotmakeforharmoniousinteractions.Forexample,howwellhasslaveryworkedasamodeofsocialharmony?Fromthissecondviewpointofwhoweareashumans,forgivenessplaysakeyroleinthebiologicalandpsychologicalintegrityofbothindividualsandcommunitiesbecauseoneoftheoutcomesofforgiveness,shownthroughscientificstudies,isthedecreasingofhatredandtherestorationofharmony.Forgivenesscanbreakthecycleofanger.Atleasttotheextentthepeoplefromwhomyouareestrangedacceptyourloveandforgivenessandarepreparedtomaketherequiredadjustments.Forgivenesscanhealrelationshipsandreconnectpeople.Asanimportantnote,whenwetakeaClassicalphilosophicalperspective,thatofAristotle,weseethedistinctionbetweenpotentialityandactuality.Wearenotnecessarilybornwiththecapacitytoforgive,butinsteadwiththepotentialtolearnaboutitandtogrowinourabilitytoforgive.Theactualityofforgiving,itsactualappropriationinconflictsituations,developswithpractice.8.WhatisDroll’sideaaboutforgiveness?A.Peopleshouldoffermercytoothers.B.Aggressivepeopleshouldlearntoforgive.C.Forgivenessdependsonthenatureofhumanity.D.Peoplewhoforgivecanhavetheirownwelfareaffected.9.Whatdoestheexampleinparagraph2illustrate?A.Toforgiveistolove. B.Todominateistoharm.C.Tofightistogrow. D.Togiveistoreceive.10.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardforgiveness?A.Favorable. B.Reserved. C.Objective. D.Skeptical.11.Whatismessageofthelastparagraph?A.Forgivenessisinournature. B.Forgivenessgrowswithtime.C.Ittakespracticetoforgive. D.Actualityisbasedonpotentiality.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇議論文。本文主要介紹了關(guān)于寬恕的兩種不同觀點，說明寬恕在生活中的重要性，并告訴我們可以通過練習(xí)提高寬恕能力?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句“Inhisopinion,forgiversarecompromisingtheirwell-beingastheyoffermercytoothers,whomightthentakeadvantageofthem.(在他看來，寬恕者在向他人提供憐憫時，正在損害自己的幸福，而他人可能會利用他們。)”可知，Droll認為寬恕者在向他人提供憐憫時，正在損害自己的幸福，由此可知，Droll認為寬恕別人的人會影響自己的幸福。故選D項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Evencommonsensestronglysuggeststhatthewilltopoweroverothersdoesnotmakeforharmoniousinteractions.Forexample,howwellhasslaveryworkedasamodeofsocialharmony?(即使是常識也強烈表明，支配他人的意愿不利于和諧的互動。例如，奴隸制作為一種社會和諧模式的效果如何？)”可知，第二段告訴我們支配他人的意愿不利于和諧的互動，并列舉了奴隸制的例子，由此可知，第2段中的例子說明了支配就是傷害，不利于和諧的互動。故選B項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“Fromthissecondviewpointofwhoweareashumans,forgivenessplaysakeyroleinthebiologicalandpsychologicalintegrityofbothindividualsandcommunitiesbecauseoneoftheoutcomesofforgiveness,shownthroughscientificstudies,isthedecreasingofhatredandtherestorationofharmony.(從我們作為人類的第二種觀點來看，寬恕在個人和社區(qū)的生物和心理完整性中起著關(guān)鍵作用，因為科學(xué)研究表明，寬恕的結(jié)果之一是減少仇恨和恢復(fù)和諧。)”可知，作者認為寬恕起著關(guān)鍵作用，可以減少仇恨和恢復(fù)和諧，由此可知，作者對寬恕的態(tài)度是贊許的。故選A項?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段關(guān)鍵句“Wearenotnecessarilybornwiththecapacitytoforgive,butinsteadwiththepotentialtolearnaboutitandtogrowinourabilitytoforgive.Theactualityofforgiving,itsactualappropriationinconflictsituations,developswithpractice.(我們不一定天生就有寬恕的能力，而是有可能了解它并提高我們的寬恕能力。寬恕的現(xiàn)實性，即在沖突局勢中的實際運用，是隨著實踐而發(fā)展的。)”可知，最后一段表明我們不一定天生就有寬恕的能力，但可以通過練習(xí)了解并提高我們的寬恕能力，由此可知，最后一段的意思是寬恕需要練習(xí)。故選C項。D“Digitalswitching”isatermreferstothemodernhabitofswiping(刷)throughandfast-forwardingonlinevideos.ResearchersfromCanadadidsomeexplorationofit.KayY.Y.Tam,apsychologyresearcher,launchedthestudyafternoticingherself—andprettymucheveryoneelse—swipingthroughonlinevideos.Thisbehaviorwasconnectedwiththe“BoredomFeedbackModel”,atheoryshehadpublishedin2021.Boredom,sheproposed,isrootedinattentionshifts.Theseshiftsoftenoccurwhenthere’sagapbetweenhowengagedpeopleactuallyfeelandhowengagedtheywanttofeel.Theunpleasantemotioncandevelopwhenasituationlacksnoveltyormeaning.“Asdigitalswitchinginvolvesfrequentattentionshifts,Iwonderedhowthisbehaviormightinfluenceourfeelingsofboredom,”Tamsaid.Inherstudy,morethan1,200participants,manyofthemuniversitystudents,firstwatchedasinglevideofortenminutes.Theywerethenpresentedwithsevenshortervideos,withtheoptiontoskiptothenext.Onaverage,theyskippedeighttimes—butreportedfeelingmoreboredandlessengagedwhentheywatchedthesinglevideo.Participantshadasimilarexperienceinanothersimilarexperiment.“I’mconvincedthatswitching,whenitcomestovideos,isnotagoodideaifthegoalistohaveanenjoyableexperience,”saidErinWestgate,aprofessorofpsychology.“Sittingandtoughingitoutislikelyabetterchoice.”Thenewfindingsaddtoagrowingbodyofevidencethatboredomisontherise,despiteaworldfilledwithcontentwecanaccessatalltimes.Peoplewhoareboredoftenturntotheirphones,onlytofeelmorebored.Swipingonsocialmediahasalsobeenlinkedtoincreasedfeelingsofboredom.Boredomcanmotivatepeopletoexploretheirenvironmentandtostopinvestingtimeinanactivitythathaslittletooffer.However,ifwerelytoomuchonquickescapes,itwouldbelikeananimaljumpingfromtreetotreeinsearchoffoodwithoutstayinglongenoughtoseeifatreebearsfruit.Thatanimalrisksstarvation.12.WhatisthecauseofattentionshiftsaccordingtoTam’stheory?A.Theunsatisfieddesire. B.Thefeelingofboredom.C.Thedegreeofengagement. D.Thelackofemotion.13.WhatdoesTam’sstudyof“digitalswitching”focuson?A.Itsreason. B.Itsconsequence.C.Thesolutiontoit. D.Thetheorybehindit.14.Whatisthemainpurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Tosolveaproblem. B.Tomakeasuggestion.C.Toraiseaquestion. D.Togiveawarning.15.Whatdoesthecomparisonbetween“digitalswitching”andananimaljumpingfromtreetotreeimply?A.Digitalswitchingcanleadtoawasteoftimeandeffort.B.Animalsaremoreefficientthanhumansinsearchingforresources.C.Boredomisanaturalresponsetounproductiveactivities.D.Quickescapescanpreventusfromachievingmeaningfulengagement.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了“數(shù)字切換”這一行為，包括其與注意力轉(zhuǎn)移、無聊感的關(guān)系，以及過度依賴“數(shù)字切換”可能帶來的問題?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Boredom,sheproposed,isrootedinattentionshifts.Theseshiftsoftenoccurwhenthere’sagapbetweenhowengagedpeopleactuallyfeelandhowengagedtheywanttofeel.Theunpleasantemotioncandevelopwhenasituationlacksnoveltyormeaning.(她提出，無聊源于注意力轉(zhuǎn)移。當(dāng)人們實際的投入程度與他們想要的投入程度之間存在差距時，這些轉(zhuǎn)移經(jīng)常會發(fā)生。當(dāng)一種情況缺乏新奇感或意義時，這種不愉快的情緒就會產(chǎn)生。)”可知，當(dāng)人們實際投入程度與想要的投入程度有差距時，注意力就會轉(zhuǎn)移，由此可知，注意力轉(zhuǎn)移的原因是人們未滿足的欲望。故選A項?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的““Asdigitalswitchinginvolvesfrequentattentionshifts,Iwonderedhowthisbehaviormightinfluenceourfeelingsofboredom,”Tamsaid.(‘由于數(shù)字切換涉及頻繁的注意力轉(zhuǎn)移，我想知道這種行為可能如何影響我們的無聊感，’塔姆說。)”以及第四段中的“Onaverage,theyskippedeighttimes—butreportedfeelingmoreboredandlessengagedwhentheywatchedthesinglevideo.Participantshadasimilarexperienceinanothersimilarexperiment.(平均來說，他們跳過了八次——但當(dāng)他們觀看單個視頻時，他們表示感到更無聊，投入度更低。參與者在另一個類似的實驗中也有類似的經(jīng)歷。)”可知，塔姆對“數(shù)字切換”的研究重點是這種行為的后果，即人們在進行“數(shù)字切換”后感到更無聊和投入度更低。故選B項?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Boredomcanmotivatepeopletoexploretheirenvironmentandtostopinvestingtimeinanactivitythathaslittletooffer.However,ifwerelytoomuchonquickescapes,itwouldbelikeananimaljumpingfromtreetotreeinsearchoffoodwithoutstayinglongenoughtoseeifatreebearsfruit.Thatanimalrisksstarvation.(無聊可以激勵人們探索他們的環(huán)境，并停止在幾乎沒有回報的活動上投入時間。然而，如果我們過度依賴快速逃避，就像一只動物從一棵樹跳到另一棵樹尋找食物，卻沒有停留足夠的時間去看一棵樹是否結(jié)果。那只動物有餓死的風(fēng)險。)”可知，最后一段通過把過度依賴快速逃避（“數(shù)字切換”）比喻成動物在林間跳躍尋找食物最終可能導(dǎo)致餓死，來警示讀者這種行為可能導(dǎo)致的不好的結(jié)果；由此可知，最后一段的主要目的是發(fā)出警告，故選D項?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“However,ifwerelytoomuchonquickescapes,itwouldbelikeananimaljumpingfromtreetotreeinsearchoffoodwithoutstayinglongenoughtoseeifatreebearsfruit.Thatanimalrisksstarvation.(然而，如果我們過度依賴快速逃避，就像一只動物從一棵樹跳到另一棵樹尋找食物，卻沒有停留足夠的時間去看一棵樹是否結(jié)果。那只動物有餓死的風(fēng)險。)”可知，將“數(shù)字切換”與動物從一棵樹跳到另一棵樹作比較，意味著快速逃避（“數(shù)字切換”）會阻止我們實現(xiàn)有意義的投入，就像動物沒有在一棵樹上停留足夠時間，無法收獲果實一樣。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。FosteringHappiness:StrengtheningYourRewardSensitivityInourbusylives,weoftenpassupchancesforjoy.Wemightskipabirthdaypartyorcancelalunchdate,thinkingit’snotworththetrouble.Butthisusuallymakesusfeelevenmoredownlater.Thesecrettochangingthisistostrengthen“rewardsensitivity”.____16____Rewardsensitivityislikeamuscle.Itcangrowstrongerwithregularpractice.Whenwetrainourselvestonoticeandvaluepositiveemotions,wecanbecomehappier.____17____Theyoftenstruggletofeelpleasure,aconditioncalledanhedonia(unabletoexperiencejoy).A2023studyshowedthattherapyfocusingonpositiveemotionshelpsmentalhealthmorethantreatmentsjustreducingnegativesymptoms.Agreatwaytostrengthenrewardsensitivityistoplanasmall,funactivitydaily.____18____Describeitindetail,focusingonthefeelingsandexperiences.Thispractice,knownas“savoring(盡情享受),”makespositivefeelingsstrongerandgivesyoumoremotivationtoseeksimilarexperiencesinthefuture.____19____.Insteadofsimplylabelinganexperience“good”,usemoreprecisewordslike“thrilled,”“inspired,or“peaceful”.Sharingpositivemomentswithotherscanmakethesemomentsevenmoremeaningful,strengtheningsocialbondsandspreadinghappiness.It’simportanttorememberthatembracinghappinessdoesn’tmeanignoringpain.____20____Byusingthesestrategiesinyourdailylife,youcancultivateastrongersenseofrewardsensitivityandchangehowyouexperienceandpursuehappiness.A.Afterward,takeamomenttorecalltheexperience.B.It’stheabilitytofindandtrulyenjoypositiveexperiences.C.Weoftenavoidsuchactivities,whichmakeourmooddecline.D.Thisisespeciallyimportantforthosewithdepressionoranxiety.E.Thispracticehelpsyoubetterunderstandandenjoypositivefeelings.F.Despitelife’schallenges,feelingjoyhelpsrestorebalanceandtoughness.G.Beyondsavoring,expandingyouremotionalvocabularycanalsohelp.【答案】16.B17.D18.A19.G20.F【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了如何通過增強“獎勵敏感性”來培養(yǎng)幸福感。【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thesecrettochangingthisistostrengthen“rewardsensitivity”.(改變這種狀況的秘密是增強“獎勵敏感性”)”可知，空處需要解釋什么是“獎勵敏感性”，B選項“它是發(fā)現(xiàn)和真正享受積極體驗的能力”符合語境，對“獎勵敏感性”進行了明確的定義和解釋。故選B。【17題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Theyoftenstruggletofeelpleasure,aconditioncalledanhedonia(無法體驗快樂).(他們常常難以感受到快樂，這種狀況被稱為快感缺失)”可知，空處提到的人群可能存在某種心理問題，D選項“這對于那些患有抑郁癥或焦慮癥的人來說尤為重要”與上文形成銜接，指出了這類人群在獎勵敏感性方面的特殊需求。故選D?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Agreatwaytostrengthenrewardsensitivityistoplanasmall,funactivitydaily.(增強獎勵敏感性的一個好方法是每天計劃一個小而有趣的活動)”可知，空處應(yīng)該描述活動結(jié)束后的做法，A選項“之后，花點時間回憶一下這個經(jīng)歷”符合語境，指出了活動結(jié)束后應(yīng)該進行回憶和反思。故選A?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Insteadofsimplylabelinganexperience“good”,usemoreprecisewordslike“thrilled”,“inspired”,or“peaceful”.(不要只是簡單地將一次經(jīng)歷標(biāo)記為“好”，而是使用更精確的詞匯，如“激動”、“受到啟發(fā)”或“平靜”。)”可知，空處應(yīng)該提到與情感詞匯相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，G選項“除了盡情享受，擴展你的情感詞匯也能有所幫助”符合語境，引出了后文關(guān)于使用更精確情感詞匯的建議。故選G?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“It’simportanttorememberthatembracinghappinessdoesn’tmeanignoringpain.(重要的是要記住，擁抱幸福并不意味著忽視痛苦)”可知，應(yīng)該說明盡管生活中有挑戰(zhàn)，但感受快樂仍然有其重要意義，F(xiàn)選項“盡管生活充滿挑戰(zhàn)，但感受快樂有助于恢復(fù)平衡和堅韌”符合語境，強調(diào)了快樂在生活中的積極作用。故選F。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。You'venodoubtseenmanyanimalrescues,fromfirestofloods.Butthisstoryisoneofakind.“It'san___21___thingtosee,”JohnPtaszenskisaid.“Ifwehadn'tcaughtthatoncamera,noonewouldhaveeverbelievedit.”The___22___unfoldedatabackyardcookoutinBurton,Michigan.Long-timefriendsJohnPtaszenski,TylerWhalenandBillMessengerwerejust___23___theirweeklycookoutwhenaraccoonappeared.“Theraccoonhadjust___24___anAmericansinglecheeseslice,aharmless___25___,untilitbecamecleartoeveryonethatthismammalhadbittenoffwaymorethanitcould___26___.Theynoticedtheraccoon“pointingatitsneck,likethe___27___signforchoking.”“Billjustsprangintoactionandstartedhittingitsback,”saidPtaszenskiofthe___28___,whichwasrecordedoncellphonevideo.“Icouldnotbelievea___29___raccoonwaslettinghimhititinthebackthathard.Theraccoonwas____30____backintoit,like,‘Helpmeout,brother!’”AsBillhelpedtheraccoon,thecheesecameflyingoutofits____31____.Theraccoonremained____32____inthebackyardbeforeslowlywalkingaway.SuzanneMacDonald,ananimalbehaviourexpert,explainsthatachokinganimalcannot____33____you.Butregardless,thethreefriendsbelievedtheyhadno____34____.“Weallthoughtitwasgoingto____35____,”Billsaid.“Wewereexcitedforthatlittleguy.Hewasoneofusatthatpoint.”21.A.awkward B.awful C.unforgettable D.unbelievable22.A.drama B.dilemma C.conflict D.coincidence23.A.takingout B.throwingaway C.wrappingup D.mixingwith24.A.spread B.received C.stolen D.tore25.A.habit B.trick C.idea D.treat26.A.witness B.chew C.suffer D.reward27.A.positive B.funny C.universal D.extraordinary28.A.incident B.tension C.depression D.sacrifice29.A.hungry B.wild C.crazy D.curious30.A.jumping B.looking C.lying D.leaning31.A.stomach B.teeth C.nest D.throat32.A.miserably B.briefly C.bravely D.eventually33.A.defend B.bear C.bite D.scare34.A.support B.courage C.intention D.choice35.A.die B.leave C.run D.fight【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.C25.D26.B27.C28.A29.B30.A31.D32.B33.C34.D35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了在密歇根州伯頓的一次后院野餐中，幾個朋友救助了一只被奶酪噎住的浣熊的故事?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“這是一件令人難以置信的事情，”約翰?普塔曾斯基說?！叭绻覀儧]有用相機拍下來，沒有人會相信?！盇.awkward尷尬的；B.awful糟糕的；C.unforgettable難忘的；D.unbelievable難以置信的。根據(jù)后文“noonewouldhaveeverbelievedit”可知，這件事讓人難以相信，故選D?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這一幕發(fā)生在密歇根州伯頓的一次后院野餐中。A.drama戲劇性事件；B.dilemma困境；C.conflict沖突；D.coincidence巧合。根據(jù)下文可知，幾個朋友救助了一只被奶酪噎住的浣熊，所以這是戲劇性事件，故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：約翰?普塔曾斯基、泰勒?惠倫和比爾?梅森這幾個老朋友正在結(jié)束他們每周一次的野餐時，一只浣熊出現(xiàn)了。A.takingout拿出；B.throwingaway扔掉；C.wrappingup結(jié)束；D.mixingwith混合。根據(jù)語境，他們當(dāng)時差不多要結(jié)束野餐了，故選C?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這只浣熊剛剛偷走了一片美國單片干酪，一種無害的小吃，直到大家發(fā)現(xiàn)這只哺乳動物咬下的東西遠遠超出了它咀嚼的。A.spread傳播；B.received收到；C.stolen偷；Dtore撕。結(jié)合語境，浣熊是自己拿走了奶酪，用“偷”更合適，故選C。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這只浣熊剛剛偷走了一片美國單片干酪，一種無害的甜食，直到大家發(fā)現(xiàn)這只哺乳動物咬下的東西遠遠超出了它咀嚼的。A.habit習(xí)慣；B.trick把戲；C.idea想法；D.treat甜食。根據(jù)上文“cheeseslice”可知，干酪是一種甜食，故選D?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這只浣熊剛剛偷走了一片美國單片干酪，一種無害的甜食，直到大家發(fā)現(xiàn)這只哺乳動物咬下的東西遠遠超出了它咀嚼的。A.witness見證；B.chew咀嚼；C.suffer遭受；D.reward獎勵。根據(jù)下文，浣熊被奶酪噎住，說明它咬的奶酪超出了能咀嚼的量，故選B?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們注意到浣熊“指著它的脖子，就像通用的窒息標(biāo)志?！盇.positive積極的；B.funny有趣的；C.universal通用的；D.extraordinary非凡的。根據(jù)上文“pointingatitsneck”可知，此處指浣熊的動作像人們通用的表示窒息的手勢，故選C。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“比爾突然行動起來，開始敲它的背，”普塔森斯基說，這一事件被用手機錄了下來。A.incident事件；B.tension緊張；C.depression沮喪；D.sacrifice犧牲。這里指浣熊被噎住后被救助這件事，故選A。【29題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我不敢相信一只野生浣熊會讓他這么用力地打它的背。A.hungry饑餓的；B.wild野生的；C.crazy瘋狂的；D.curious好奇的。結(jié)合常識，浣熊是野生動物，故選B?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：浣熊又跳了回去，好像在說：“兄弟，幫幫我！”。A.jumping跳；B.looking看；C.lying躺；D.leaning靠。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)ettinghimhititinthebackthathard”可知，浣熊被拍背時跳了起來，故選A?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)比爾幫助浣熊時，奶酪從它的喉嚨里飛了出來。A.stomach胃；B.teeth牙齒；C.nest巢；D.throat喉嚨。根據(jù)上文“choking”可知，因為浣熊是被噎住，所以奶酪是從喉嚨里出來的，故選D?！?2題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：浣熊在院子里短暫停留了一會兒，然后慢慢走開了。A.miserably悲慘地；B.briefly短暫地；C.bravely勇敢地；D.eventually最終。根據(jù)下文“beforeslowlywalkingaway.”這里指浣熊在院子里短暫停留，故選B?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：動物行為專家蘇珊娜?麥克唐納解釋說，窒息的動物不會咬你。A.defend防御；B.bear忍受；C.bite咬；D.scare驚嚇。根據(jù)上文“bittenoffway”可知，專家說窒息的動物無力咬人，故選C?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但不管怎樣，這三個朋友認為他們別無選擇。A.support支持；B.courage勇氣；C.intention意圖；D.choice選擇。這里指他們覺得必須要幫助浣熊，沒有其他選擇，故選D。【35題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我們都以為它要死了，”比爾說。”A.die死；B.leave離開；C.run跑；D.fight戰(zhàn)斗。因為浣熊被噎住情況危急，他們以為它會死去，故選A。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀短文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AttheeasternfoothillsoftheHelanMountainsinNingxiaHuiautonomousregion____36____(lie)alandthathasstoodsilentforathousandyears.Ninetoweringearthenplatformsrisebeforethemountains,surroundedbyhundredsofsatellitetombsscatteredlikestars.OriginallyfromtheQinghai-TibetPlateau,theTangutpeopleduringtheirmigrationsgraduallyabsorbedculturalinfluencesfromotherethnicgroups.ThisrichculturalexchangeeventuallyledtothefoundingoftheXixiaregimeontheYinchuanPlain,____37____diversetraditionsmet,mingled(交融)andslowlymergedinto____38____uniquecivilization.Amongthe____39____(count)artifactsfromtheWesternXiaimperialtombs,theXixiagiltbronzebull,____40____itsstrongbuild,raisedhornsandpowerful,flowingmuscles,appearsalmostlifelike.ThisstrikingstatuestandsasamasterpieceofXixiametalwork,____41____(reflect)bothexceptionalcraftsmanshipandtheadvancedcivilizationbehindit.Today,fragments(碎片)ofstoneinscriptionsandcoinsbearingTangutscript____42____(unearth)fromtheimperialtombsserveaskeysourcesforunderstandingXixiahistoryandculture.ThoughtheXixiaregimehaslongdisappeared,theXixiaImperialTombsremainstandingaspowerfultestimonytounityin____43____(diverse)ofChinesecivilization.Theyareanationallyprotectedculturalheritagesite____44____includedintheWorldHeritageList,markingaremarkablechapterinthestoryofhumancivilization.Inrecentyears,advancesinarchaeology,digitalpreservation,andpubliceducationhavebroughtpeople_____45_____(close)totheXixiaImperialTombs.【答案】36.lies37.where38.a39.countless40.with41.reflecting42.unearthed43.diversity44.and45.closer【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說