2025考研英語(yǔ)沖刺押題卷考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachblankfromthewordsprovidedinthebox.MarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Note:Therearemorewordsthanneeded.TheImpactofArtificialIntelligenceonEmploymentArtificialintelligence(AI)hasemergedasatransformativeforceinnumeroussectors,promisingunprecedentedefficiencyandinnovation.However,itsrapidadvancementhas1.______concernsaboutitsimpactonemployment.WhileAIoffersthepotentialtoautomateroutinetasksandenhanceproductivity,italso2.______thedisplacementofcertainjobs,particularlythoseinvolvingrepetitiveorpredictableactivities.Thenatureofworkis3.______fundamentally.Industriesthatrelyheavilyonmanuallabourordataprocessingmaywitnesssignificantchanges.Ontheonehand,AIcancreatenewjobcategories,suchasAItrainers,datascientists,andethicists,requiringuniqueskillsets.Theserolesareessentialforthedevelopment,management,andoversightofAIsystems.Ontheotherhand,the4.______ofAIcapabilitiesmayrendersomeexistingpositionsobsolete,leadingtoworkforcetransitionsthatrequiresubstantialadaptation.Educationalsystemsworldwideare5.______toaddressthisevolvinglandscape.ThereisagrowingemphasisonfosteringskillsthatAIcannoteasilyreplicate,suchascriticalthinking,creativity,emotionalintelligence,andcomplexproblem-solving.Lifelonglearningisbecomingincreasinglyvitalastheskillrequirementsformanyjobsshiftrapidly.Governmentsandbusinessesmustcollaborateto6.______reskillingandupskillinginitiatives,ensuringthatworkerscanthriveinanAI-augmentedworkplace.Whilethelong-termeffectsofAIonemploymentarestillunfolding,proactivemeasuresarenecessarytomitigatepotentialnegativeconsequences.Byfocusingonhuman-AIcollaborationandinvestingineducation,societycanharnessthebenefitsofAIwhile7.______thewell-beingoftheworkforce.ThefutureofworkwilllikelybeshapedbyourabilitytoadaptandintegrateAItechnologyinawaythatcomplementshumanstrengthsandfostersinclusivegrowth.*A.raises*B.generates*C.addresses*D.overlooks*E.introduces*F.defines*G.expands*H.facilitates*I.threatens*J.develops*K.relies*L.enhances*M.cultivates*N.modifies*O.recognizes第二部分閱讀理解Directions:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestions.Choosethebestanswer(s)foreachquestionfromthechoicesgiven.MarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage1Theconceptof"darktourism"referstothepracticeofvisitingsitesassociatedwithdeath,suffering,ortragedy.Whiletraditionallyviewedwithmorbidcuriosity,thisformoftourismisgainingacademicattentionasasignificantaspectofculturalandheritagestudies.Sitessuchaswarmemorials,concentrationcamps,Executiongrounds,anddisasterlocationsattractvisitorsseekingtoconfronthistoricalhorrorsorpersonaltraumas.Themotivationsbehinddarktourismarecomplexandmultifaceted.Forsome,itisanattempttoprocessorunderstandhistoricaleventsthathaveshapedtheirownlivesorsocieties.Othersmayseekaformofclosureorreconciliation,oftenbyvisitingsitesrelatedtotheirownpersonallosses.Furthermore,darktourismcanserveasameansofeducation,providingvisceralexperiencesthattraditionalhistoricalnarrativesmayfailtoconvey.However,theethicalimplicationsofdarktourismareprofound.Criticsarguethatitcancommodifysuffering,trivializehistoricalatrocities,andcausedistresstolocalcommunitiesordescendantsofvictims.Therearealsoconcernsaboutthepotentialforvoyeurismandtheexploitationoftragediesforcommercialgain.Balancingtheeducationalandeconomicbenefitsofdarktourismwithitsethicalresponsibilitiesremainsacriticalchallenge.Preservationeffortsmustrespectthedignityofthesitesandthememoriestheyrepresent,whileensuringthatvisitorsapproachtheselocationswithsensitivityandrespect.Questions:1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?A.Topromotedarktourismasavalidformofculturalexploration.B.Toexplorethemotivationsandethicalconsiderationssurroundingdarktourism.C.Toprovideahistoricaloverviewoffamousdarktourismsites.D.Toargueagainstthecommercializationoftragichistoricalevents.2.Accordingtothepassage,whydosomepeopleengageindarktourism?A.Toseekfinancialgainthroughtourismactivities.B.Toconfrontandunderstandhistoricalorpersonaltraumas.C.Toignorethegravityofhistoricalevents.D.Tochallengeacademicviewsonheritagesites.3.Theword"multifaceted"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.simpleB.controversialC.variedD.unimportant4.Whatconcerndoesthepassageraiseaboutthepotentialnegativeaspectsofdarktourism?A.Itmayleadtoadecreaseinvisitornumberstoheritagesites.B.Itcouldcausefinancialstrainonlocalcommunities.C.Itmaytrivializesufferingandexploittragedies.D.Itoftenlackssufficienteducationalprogramming.5.Thepassagesuggeststhatmanagingdarktourismeffectivelyrequires:A.Strictregulationstocontrolvisitoraccess.B.Focusingsolelyontheeconomicbenefits.C.Ensuringrespectforthesitesandmemoriestheyrepresent.D.Limitingthenumberofvisitorstoavoidovercrowding.Passage2Urbanizationhasdramaticallyalteredthegloballandscapeoverthepastcentury,transformingvastareasofrurallandintosprawlingmetropolitanareas.Whilecitiesoffernumerousopportunities,includingaccesstoeducation,employment,anddiverseculturalexperiences,theyalsopresentsignificantenvironmentalchallenges.Theconcentrationofpeopleinurbancentersleadstoincreasedenergyconsumption,wastegeneration,andpollution.Infrastructurestrain,suchasinadequatehousing,trafficcongestion,andwaterscarcity,furtherexacerbatestheproblems.Greenspaceswithincities,whichprovideessentialecologicalserviceslikeairpurificationandtemperatureregulation,areoftenscarceorthreatenedbydevelopmentpressures.However,urbanizationisnotsolelyastoryofdegradation.Citiescanalsobeenginesofinnovationandsustainability.Thedensityofurbanpopulationsfacilitatestheadoptionofnewtechnologiesandpracticesthatcanmitigateenvironmentalimpact.Forinstance,smartgridsystems,efficientpublictransportationnetworks,andurbanfarminginitiativesofferpromisingsolutions.Furthermore,theconcentrationofpeopleandresourcesincitiescanfosteragreaterawarenessofenvironmentalissuesandsupportforpoliciesaimedatsustainability.Achievingsustainableurbandevelopmentrequiresaholisticapproachthatintegratesenvironmentalprotectionwithsocialequityandeconomicgrowth.Thisinvolvesplanningcitiesthataremorecompact,mixed-use,andaccessible,promotingrenewableenergysources,andpreservingorcreatinggreenspaces.Ultimately,thefutureofcitiesdependsonourabilitytomanagetheirgrowthinawaythatenhancesthequalityoflifeforresidentswhileprotectingtheplanet.Questions:6.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Thehistoricalrootsofurbanization.B.Theenvironmentalchallengesandpotentialsolutionsassociatedwithurbanization.C.Theeconomicbenefitsoflivinginmetropolitanareas.D.Theroleoftechnologyinreducingpollutioninruralareas.7.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisaconsequenceofurbanization?A.Anincreaseingreenspacesandbiodiversity.B.Reducedenergyconsumptionandwasteproduction.C.Infrastructurestrainandenvironmentaldegradation.D.Improvedaccesstoeducationandhealthcareforallpopulations.8.Theword"exacerbates"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.improvesB.worsensC.delaysD.ignores9.Thepassagementionsseveralinitiativesthatcancontributetosustainableurbandevelopment.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentioned?A.SmartgridsystemsB.UrbanfarmingC.Buildingmorehigh-riseresidentialbuildings.D.Efficientpublictransportation10.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofcities?A.Citieswillcontinuetogrowunchecked,regardlessofenvironmentalimpact.B.Sustainableurbandevelopmentisachievablebutrequiresintegratedplanning.C.Technologicaladvancementsalonecansolveallurbanenvironmentalproblems.D.Thetrendtowardsurbanizationwillinevitablydecline.Passage3Thepharmaceuticalindustryplaysacrucialroleinaddressingglobalhealthchallenges,developinglife-savingmedications,andimprovingpatientoutcomes.However,thehighcostofdrugdevelopmentandtheneedforsignificantprofitshaveledtoconcernsaboutaccessibilityandaffordability,particularlyinlow-andmiddle-incomecountries.Theprocessofbringinganewdrugtomarketislong,expensive,andfraughtwithrisk.Companiesinvestbillionsofdollarsandspendmanyyearsresearching,testing,andobtainingregulatoryapproval.Ifadrugfailsatanystage,thefinancialinvestmentissubstantial,andthetimelostcannotberecovered.Thishigh-risk,high-rewardenvironmentjustifiesthehighpricesthatpharmaceuticalcompanieschargefortheirproducts.Patentprotectionisakeyfactorinthisdynamic.Patentsgrantdrugmanufacturersexclusiverightstoproduceandsellamedicationforacertainperiod,allowingthemtorecouptheirinvestmentsandgenerateprofits.Whilepatentsareessentialforincentivizinginnovation,theirdurationandthepricingstrategiesassociatedwiththemcanlimitaccesstoessentialmedicinesindevelopingregions.Thedebateoverdrugpricinghasbecomeincreasinglycontentiousinrecentyears.Activistgroups,governments,andhealthcareorganizationsadvocateforpoliciesthatwouldmakemedicationsmoreaffordable,suchascompulsorylicensing,pricecaps,andgenericdrugpromotion.Pharmaceuticalcompanies,ontheotherhand,arguethathighpricesarenecessarytofundongoingresearchanddevelopment,ensuringthecontinuedinnovationofnewtreatments.Findingabalancebetweenprotectingintellectualpropertyrightsandensuringuniversalaccesstohealthcareremainsacomplexchallenge.Alternativemodels,suchaspublic-privatepartnershipsandtechnologytransferagreements,arebeingexploredtobridgethegapbetweenthecostofdrugsandtheabilityofpatientstoaffordthem.Questions:11.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?A.Toargueforthecompleteabolitionofpatentsinthepharmaceuticalindustry.B.Toexaminethefactorscontributingtohighdrugcostsandthechallengesinensuringaccessibility.C.Topromotethedevelopmentofgenericdrugsasthesolesolutiontoaffordablehealthcare.D.Tohighlighttherecentsuccessesofpharmaceuticalcompaniesindrugdiscovery.12.Thepassagesuggeststhatthehighcostofdrugdevelopmentisprimarilydueto:A.Governmentregulationsandtaxes.B.Thelonganduncertainresearchanddevelopmentprocess.C.Highsalariesofpharmaceuticalcompanyexecutives.D.Thehighdemandfornewmedicationsindevelopedcountries.13.Theword"contentious"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.peacefulB.unresolvedC.controversialD.straightforward14.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorpointofcontentionbetweenpharmaceuticalcompaniesandadvocacygroups?A.Thelevelofgovernmentsubsidiesfordrugresearch.B.Theeffectivenessofnewdrugscomparedtoolderalternatives.C.Thedurationofpatentprotectionandtheresultingdrugprices.D.Theethicalimplicationsofdrugadvertising.15.Thepassagementionsseveralapproachestoaddressingtheissueofdrugaccessibility.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentioned?A.CompulsorylicensingB.Public-privatepartnershipsC.IncreasingtaxesonpharmaceuticalcompaniesD.Technologytransferagreements第三部分翻譯Directions:PutthefollowingpassageintoChinese.Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligencehassparkedaglobalconversationaboutitsfutureimpactonsociety.ProponentsarguethatAIwillbringunprecedentedefficiencyandconvenience,automatingtedioustasksandfreeinguphumanpotentialformorecreativeandmeaningfulwork.TheyenvisionafuturewhereAIassistsinmedicaldiagnosis,scientificresearch,andclimatechangemitigation,leadingtosignificantadvancementsinvariousfields.However,criticsraiselegitimateconcernsaboutthepotentialnegativeconsequencesofwidespreadAIadoption.Jobdisplacementduetoautomation,ethicaldilemmasrelatedtoautonomousdecision-making,andtheconcentrationofAIpowerinthehandsofafewcorporationsareamongtheprimaryworries.ThereisalsotheriskthatAIsystems,ifnotproperlydesignedandmonitored,couldperpetuateexistingbiasesandinequalities.Addressingthesechallengesrequiresamultifacetedapproach.GovernmentsneedtoimplementpoliciesthatpromoteAIeducationandworkforceretrainingtomitigatejoblosses.EthicalguidelinesandregulationsmustbeestablishedtoensuretheresponsibledevelopmentanddeploymentofAItechnologies.Furthermore,internationalcooperationiscrucialtoaddresstheglobalimplicationsofAIandpreventadigitaldividebetweennations.ThefutureofAIdependsnotonlyontechnologicalinnovationbutalsoonourcollectiveabilitytoshapeitstrajectoryinawaythatbenefitshumanityasawhole.第四部分寫作Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingpicture.Thepicturedepictsasceneinamodernoffice.Intheforeground,ayoungwomanissittingatherdesk,lookingintentlyatascreen.Herposturesuggestssheisworkingdiligently.However,herexpressionappearsfocusedyetsomewhatworried.Sheissurroundedbydigitaldevices:alaptop,asmartphone,andseveraltablets,alldisplayingvariouswork-relatedtasksandnotifications.Thebackgroundshowsabustlingofficeenvironmentwithotheremployeesworkingontheircomputers,participatinginvideoconferences,andcommunicatingviainstantmessaging.Theoverallatmosphereisoneofconstantactivityandconnectivity,symbolizingthefast-pacednatureofcontemporarywork.Writeanessaydescribingthesceneinthepicture.Youshouldexplainwhatyouthinktheyoungwomanmightbethinkingorfeeling.Also,discusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthismodernworkenvironmentasshowninthepicture.---試卷答案第一部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用1.A2.I3.N4.G5.M6.H7.C解析思路1.raisesconcerns:提出擔(dān)憂。句意：然而，其快速發(fā)展引發(fā)了人們對(duì)就業(yè)影響的擔(dān)憂。故選A。2.threatensthedisplacement:威脅著取代。句意：同時(shí)，AI的發(fā)展也威脅著某些工作的取代。故選I。3.modifiesthenatureofwork:改變了工作的性質(zhì)。句意：工作的性質(zhì)正在根本性地改變。故選N。4.expandsthecapabilities:擴(kuò)展了能力。句意：AI能力的擴(kuò)展可能使一些現(xiàn)有職位過時(shí)。故選G。5.cultivatesskills:培養(yǎng)技能。句意：教育系統(tǒng)正在努力培養(yǎng)能夠AI無(wú)法輕易復(fù)制的能力。故選M。6.facilitatesreskilling:促進(jìn)再培訓(xùn)。句意：政府和企業(yè)必須合作，促進(jìn)再培訓(xùn)和技能提升計(jì)劃。故選H。7.mitigatesthewell-being:減輕對(duì)福祉的損害。句意：雖然AI對(duì)就業(yè)的長(zhǎng)期影響仍在展開，但采取積極措施對(duì)于減輕對(duì)勞動(dòng)力福祉的潛在負(fù)面影響是必要的。故選C。第二部分閱讀理解Passage11.B2.B3.C4.C5.C解析思路1.文章主要探討了參觀與死亡、苦難或悲劇相關(guān)的地點(diǎn)（黑色旅游）的動(dòng)機(jī)和倫理問題。故選B。2.根據(jù)第二段，人們進(jìn)行黑色旅游的原因是嘗試處理或理解塑造他們生活或社會(huì)的歷史事件，或是尋求個(gè)人創(chuàng)傷的理解，或是作為一種教育手段。故選B。3.multifaceted意為“多方面的”，與varied（多樣的）意思最接近。故選C。4.根據(jù)第三段，批評(píng)者認(rèn)為黑色旅游可能商業(yè)化苦難，trivialize（輕視）歷史暴行。故選C。5.根據(jù)最后一段，管理黑色旅游需要確保尊重這些地點(diǎn)和它們所代表的記憶。故選C。Passage26.B7.C8.B9.C10.B解析思路6.文章主要討論了城市化帶來(lái)的環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)（如污染、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施壓力）以及可能的解決方案（如智能電網(wǎng)、公共交通、城市農(nóng)業(yè)）。故選B。7.根據(jù)第一段，城市化導(dǎo)致了能源消耗增加、廢物產(chǎn)生和污染，并加劇了基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施壓力（如住房不足、交通擁堵、水資源短缺）。故選C。8.exacerbates意為“加劇”，與worsens（惡化）意思最接近。故選B。9.文章提到的可持續(xù)城市發(fā)展的舉措包括智能電網(wǎng)、城市農(nóng)業(yè)和高效公共交通。未提到的是建造更多高層住宅樓。故選C。10.文章最后一段指出，實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)城市發(fā)展需要綜合方法，并在最后一句強(qiáng)調(diào)，城市的未來(lái)取決于我們能否以既能提高居民生活質(zhì)量又能保護(hù)地球的方式管理其增長(zhǎng)。故選B。Passage311.B12.B13.C14.C15.C解析思路11.文章主要探討了制藥行業(yè)的高成本、專利保護(hù)以及由此引發(fā)的關(guān)于藥物可及性和可負(fù)擔(dān)性的擔(dān)憂和爭(zhēng)論。故選B。12.根據(jù)第一段，新藥的研發(fā)過程漫長(zhǎng)、昂貴且充滿風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，公司投入數(shù)十億美元并花費(fèi)許多年時(shí)間進(jìn)行研發(fā)、測(cè)試和獲得監(jiān)管批準(zhǔn)。如果藥物在任何一個(gè)階段失敗，財(cái)務(wù)投資就很大，時(shí)間損失也無(wú)法挽回。這表明高成本主要是由于研發(fā)過程的長(zhǎng)和不確定性。故選B。13.contentious意為“有爭(zhēng)議的”，與controversial（有爭(zhēng)議的）意思最接近。故選C。14.根據(jù)第三段，支持者認(rèn)為專利激勵(lì)創(chuàng)新，而批評(píng)者認(rèn)為專利和定價(jià)策略限制了發(fā)展中地區(qū)對(duì)基本藥物的可獲得性。雙方爭(zhēng)論的焦點(diǎn)是專利的保護(hù)期限和與它們相關(guān)的定價(jià)策略。故選C。15.文章提到的解決藥物可及性問題的方法包括強(qiáng)制許可、價(jià)格上限和推廣通用藥品。未提到的是對(duì)制藥公司增加稅收。故選C。第三部分翻譯Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligencehassparkedaglobalconversationaboutitsfutureimpactonsociety.ProponentsarguethatAIwillbringunprecedentedefficiencyandconvenience,automatingtedioustasksandfreeinguphumanpotentialformorecreativeandmeaningfulwork.TheyenvisionafuturewhereAIassistsinmedicaldiagnosis,scientificresearch,andclimatechangemitigation,leadingtosignificantadvancementsinvariousfields.However,criticsraiselegitimateconcernsaboutthepotentialnegativeconsequencesofwidespreadAIadoption.Jobdisplacementduetoautomation,ethicaldilemmasrelatedtoautonomousdecision-making,andtheconcentrationofAIpowerinthehandsofafewcorporationsareamongtheprimaryworries.ThereisalsotheriskthatAIsystems,ifnotproperlydesignedandmonitored,couldperpetuateexistingbiasesandinequalities.Addressingthesechallengesrequiresamultifacetedapproach.GovernmentsneedtoimplementpoliciesthatpromoteAIeducationandworkforceretrainingtomitigatejoblosses.EthicalguidelinesandregulationsmustbeestablishedtoensuretheresponsibledevelopmentanddeploymentofAItechnologies.Furthermore,internationalcooperationiscrucialtoaddresstheglobalimplicationsof