保密★啟用前試卷類(lèi)型：A杭州第二中學(xué)2025年10月高三年級(jí)適應(yīng)性檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題本試卷滿(mǎn)分120分。考試用時(shí)100分鐘。注意事項(xiàng):(1)答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、試室號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類(lèi)型(A)填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。并在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上填涂考生號(hào)。因筆試不考聽(tīng)力，試卷從第二部分開(kāi)始，試題序號(hào)從“21”開(kāi)始。(2)作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)除黑；如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試卷上。(3)非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上，如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫(xiě)上新答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無(wú)效。(4)考生必須保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案。AInternationalDinnerReturnsthisSaturday,November5-Getyourticketshere!AMHSInternationalDinnerFAQsSaturday,November5,6-8pmWhatisthisevent?InternationaldinnerisacelebrationofcultureanddiversitywithintheMagnetcommunity,completewithentertainmentfromsomeofMagnet’stalentedmusiciansthankstoMr.Grimshaw!Whocanparticipate?Madeforalltoattendasacommunitybuildingevent.Whatdoesthecanteenprovide?Thecanteenprovidesthetables,plateware,chafingdishes(保暖鍋),servingpans,drinksandgloves.$75.00willbeofferedpertabletohelpoffset(補(bǔ)償)foodcosts.WhatdoI(ormyteam)havetoprovide?Thetableforeachcountry(whichcanbeonepersonorafewpeopleworkingtogether)willhavetopickacountryandprovide2-4dishesfromthatcountry.Thedishesshouldeachbemadetoserve150smallsamplesizeportions.Thepansprovidedwillfitneatlyintochafingdishes.Pleasealsobringyourownservingcontainersandanydecorationsthatmightenhancethetable.Exampleswouldbetableclothsfromthecountryorasmallflagfromtherepresentedcountry.WhendoIbringthefood?Thefoodshouldbebroughthot(iftobeservedhot)thenightofbetween4:45-5:00pm.Whocanvolunteer?Anyonecanvolunteer—students,parents,supporters.StudentscanvolunteerandwillbeusedasserversandcleanupthenightofandforsetuponFriday,November4(3:45-5:30pm).Ourbiggestneedisforpeopletotakeatableandbringfoodforthattable.Signuphere.Whatistheticketprice?Ticketpriceis$15.00perpersonor$40.00forafamily.Questions?emailamhsinternationaldinner@gmailcomAMHS=AcademicMagnetHighSchoolFAQs=frequentlyaskedquestions1.Whatisthepurposeoftheevent?A.Tostrengthenthecommunitybond. B.Toraisemoneyforcharity.C.Tocelebratethecommunityholiday. D.Topromotevoluntarywork.2.Whatisrequiredforparticipantsofeachcountry’stable?A.Todonate$75forfoodcostsanddecorations.B.Tobringtheirownchafingdishesandgloves.C.Toprepare2-4dishesserving150smallportionseach.D.Toarriveattheeventby4:45pmforvolunteertraining.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Afoodmagazine. B.Aschool’sofficialwebsite.C.Awantedposter. D.Aservicebrochure.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹AMHS（學(xué)術(shù)精英高中）11月5日國(guó)際晚宴的時(shí)間、活動(dòng)目的、參與要求、飲食準(zhǔn)備、票價(jià)等常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題解答?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whocanparticipate?”中的“Madeforalltoattendasacommunitybuildingevent.(這是一場(chǎng)面向所有人參與的社區(qū)建設(shè)活動(dòng)。)”可知，該活動(dòng)的目的是作為社區(qū)建設(shè)活動(dòng)，讓所有人參與，以加強(qiáng)社區(qū)聯(lián)系。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WhatdoI(ormyteam)havetoprovide?”中的“Thetableforeachcountry(whichcanbeonepersonorafewpeopleworkingtogether)willhavetopickacountryandprovide2-4dishesfromthatcountry.Thedishesshouldeachbemadetoserve150smallsamplesizeportions.(每個(gè)國(guó)家的展示桌（可由一人或幾人合作負(fù)責(zé)）需選定一個(gè)國(guó)家，并提供2-4道該國(guó)特色菜。每道菜需制作150份小份樣品。)”可知，每個(gè)國(guó)家展示桌的參與者需準(zhǔn)備2-4道菜，每道菜供150人小份品嘗。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文本后面部分“Questions?

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amhsinternationaldinner@(有問(wèn)題?電子郵件amhsinternationaldinner@)”及落款“AMHS=AcademicMagnetHighSchool(AMHS=學(xué)術(shù)公立高中)”可知，這是一個(gè)網(wǎng)站頁(yè)面，活動(dòng)主辦方為學(xué)校，所以它最可能來(lái)自學(xué)校官網(wǎng)。故選B項(xiàng)。BFooledbyRandomnessisafamousbookinNassimNicholasTaleb’slandmarkIncertoseries,aninvestigationofluck,uncertainty,probability,humanerror,risk,anddecision-makinginaworldwedon’tunderstand.Nowinastrikingnewhardcoveredition,FooledbyRandomnessistheword-of-mouthsensationthatwillchangethewayyouthinkaboutbusinessandtheworld.NassimNicholasTaleb—seasonedtrader,renownedriskexpert,knowledgeablescholar,andNewYorkTimesbestsellingauthorofTheBlackSwan—haswrittenamodernclassicthatturnsonitsheadwhatwebelieveaboutluckandskill.Thisbookisaboutluck—ormoreprecisely,abouthowweperceiveanddealwithluckinlifeandbusiness.Setagainstthebackdropofthemostnotableforuminwhichluckismistakenforskill—theworldoftrading—FooledbyRandomnessprovidescaptivatinginsightintooneoftheleastunderstoodfactorsinallourlives.Writinginanentertainingnarrativestyle,theauthortacklesmajorintellectualissuesrelatedtotheunderestimationoftheinfluenceofhappenstanceonourlives.Thebookispopulatedwithanumberofcharacters,someofwhomhavegrasped,intheirownway,thesignificanceofchance:thebaseballlegendYogiBerra;thephilosopherofknowledgeKarlPopper;themodernfinancierGeorgeSoros;andtheGreekvoyagerOdysseus.WealsomeetthefictionalNero,whoseemstounderstandtheroleofrandomnessinhisprofessionallifebutfallsvictimtohisownirrationalfoolishness.However,themostrecognizablecharacterofallremainsunnamed—theluckyfoolwhohappenstobeintherightplaceattherighttime—heembodiesthe“survivaloftheleastfit.”Suchindividualsattractdevotedfollowerswhobelieveintheirmentor’s(導(dǎo)師)insightsandmethods.Butnoonecancopywhatisobtainedbychance.Arewecapableofdistinguishingthefortunatecharlatan(冒充內(nèi)行的人)fromthegenuineinnovator?Mustwealwaystrytouncovernonexistentmessagesinrandomevents?ItmaybeimpossibletoguardourselvesagainsttheunpredictabilityofthegoddessFortuna,butafterreadingFooledbyRandomnesswecanbealittlebetterprepared.4.WhatisFooledbyRandomnessmainlyabout?A.Thesuccessofmoderntraders.BTheimportanceofskillintrading.C.Theroleofluckinlifeandbusiness.D.Theimpactofhumanerrorsondecision-making.5.What’sthepurposeofmentioningthecharactersinparagraph4?A.Tohighlightthesignificanceoftheirachievements.B.Toemphasizetheirsuccessinthetradingworld.C.Toillustratehowfoolishnessalwaysleadstofailure.D.Toshowexamplesofthosewhounderstoodrandomness.6.Whatdoes“l(fā)uckyfool”inparagraph5reallyreferto?A.Atraderknownfortheirskillandachievements.B.Ascholarfamousfortheirinsightsandmethods.C.Someonewhoowestheirsuccesstoskill,ignoringluck.D.Apersonwhofoolishlyundervalueshardworkanddevotion.7.Accordingtothepassage,whatmistakedopeopleoftenmake?A.Theyoverestimatetheirpersonalabilities.B.Theyfailtoseehowchanceaffectstheirsuccess.C.Theydependheavilyonguidancefrommentors.D.Theyoverlooksignificanteventsindailylife.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了納西姆·尼古拉斯·塔勒布的著作《隨機(jī)漫步的傻瓜》的主要內(nèi)容，該書(shū)探討了運(yùn)氣、不確定性、概率、人為錯(cuò)誤、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和在我們不理解的世界中做決策的問(wèn)題?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thisbookisaboutluck—ormoreprecisely,abouthowweperceiveanddealwithluckinlifeandbusiness.(這本書(shū)是關(guān)于運(yùn)氣的——或者更準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)，是關(guān)于我們?nèi)绾卧谏詈蜕虡I(yè)中感知和應(yīng)對(duì)運(yùn)氣的。)”可知，《隨機(jī)漫步的傻瓜》主要是關(guān)于運(yùn)氣在生活和商業(yè)中的作用。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thebookispopulatedwithanumberofcharacters,someofwhomhavegrasped,intheirownway,thesignificanceofchance:thebaseballlegendYogiBerra;thephilosopherofknowledgeKarlPopper;themodernfinancierGeorgeSoros;andtheGreekvoyagerOdysseus.WealsomeetthefictionalNero,whoseemstounderstandtheroleofrandomnessinhisprofessionallifebutfallsvictimtohisownirrationalfoolishness.(書(shū)中塑造了許多人物，他們中的一些人以自己的方式理解了偶然性的意義：棒球傳奇人物尤吉·貝拉；知識(shí)哲學(xué)家卡爾·波普爾；現(xiàn)代金融家喬治·索羅斯；以及希臘航行者奧德修斯。我們還會(huì)遇到虛構(gòu)的尼祿，他似乎明白隨機(jī)性在他職業(yè)生活中的作用，但卻成為自己非理性愚蠢的受害者。)”可知，第四段提到的人物都理解了隨機(jī)性或偶然性的意義，作者列舉這些人物是為了舉例說(shuō)明那些理解隨機(jī)性的人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段“However,themostrecognizablecharacterofallremainsunnamed—theluckyfoolwhohappenstobeintherightplaceattherighttime—heembodiesthe“survivaloftheleastfit.(然而，最容易被認(rèn)出的人物卻沒(méi)有名字——那個(gè)恰好在正確時(shí)間出現(xiàn)在正確地點(diǎn)的幸運(yùn)傻瓜——他體現(xiàn)了“最不適應(yīng)者的生存”。)”可知，“l(fā)uckyfool”指的是那些恰好在正確時(shí)間出現(xiàn)在正確地點(diǎn)，即靠運(yùn)氣取得成功的人，而不是靠技能或努力。再結(jié)合后文“Suchindividualsattractdevotedfollowerswhobelieveintheirmentor’s(導(dǎo)師)insightsandmethods.Butnoonecancopywhatisobtainedbychance.(這樣的人會(huì)吸引忠實(shí)的追隨者，他們相信導(dǎo)師的見(jiàn)解和方法。但沒(méi)有人能復(fù)制靠機(jī)會(huì)獲得的東西。)”可知，“l(fā)uckyfool”是指將成功歸因于自身技能而忽視運(yùn)氣成分，實(shí)則是靠運(yùn)氣獲得成功的人。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Writinginanentertainingnarrativestyle,theauthortacklesmajorintellectualissuesrelatedtotheunderestimationoftheinfluenceofhappenstanceonourlives.(作者以?shī)蕵?lè)性的敘事風(fēng)格寫(xiě)作，探討了與我們低估偶然事件對(duì)我們生活影響相關(guān)的重大智力問(wèn)題。)”和最后一段“Arewecapableofdistinguishingthefortunatecharlatan(冒充內(nèi)行的人)fromthegenuineinnovator?Mustwealwaystrytouncovernonexistentmessagesinrandomevents?ItmaybeimpossibletoguardourselvesagainsttheunpredictabilityofthegoddessFortuna,butafterreadingFooledbyRandomnesswecanbealittlebetterprepared.(我們能區(qū)分幸運(yùn)的冒充內(nèi)行的人和真正的創(chuàng)新者嗎？我們必須總是試圖在隨機(jī)事件中發(fā)現(xiàn)不存在的信息嗎？也許我們無(wú)法防范命運(yùn)女神的不可預(yù)測(cè)性，但讀完《隨機(jī)漫步的傻瓜》后，我們可以做更好一點(diǎn)的準(zhǔn)備。)”可推知，人們常常犯的錯(cuò)誤是沒(méi)有看到偶然性(即機(jī)會(huì)或運(yùn)氣)對(duì)他們成功的影響，即忽視了運(yùn)氣的作用。故選B項(xiàng)。CWhileweraceintoafuturewhereweoutsourcemostofourproblem-solvingtoartificialintelligence,thegreatestthreatisnotsuperintelligentmachinery.It’smindlesslyputtingtoomuchtrustinBigTechandnotenoughtrustinthepowerofourownminds.Aphilosophyofartfulthinkingisagoodwaytoavoidthis.Tothinkartfullymeanstosolveproblemsusingnotjustourbrains,butalsoourhands,eyes,andears,alongwithouremotions.Thisapproachtapsintothecognitive(認(rèn)知的)resourcesthatarespreadthroughoutourbodiesbutoftengounused.Changinghowwethinkishardwork.Anditstartswithamindfulnesspractice.Accessingartfulintelligencerequiresbeingmindfulofhowwethinkwithourbody,howweuseourlimbs(四肢),organs,andemotionstomakesenseoftheworld.Bemindfulofallthedifferentmessagesyourbodyissendingyouaswellasthedifferentrolesandfunctionsyourbodilyactionscanplay.Forexample,gesturing(做手勢(shì))inconversationsisnotjustcommunicative.Thesemovementsoftenhelpthespeakertosmoothouttheirthoughtprocessandassistingettingthewordsout.Today,BigTechispushingamessageofartificial-intelligencecrazinessandfear.Whatmakesyoustuckinit?It’sseeingthesamethingswhereveryoulook.BigTechgivesyouscreens,hopingthatyourattentionwillalwaysbeattractedbytheirdevices.IfyouwanttofindmorefreedominthisAI-filledworld,improveyourabilitytomindfullyshiftyourattentionbetweendifferentobjectsorlevelsoffocus.Remembereverythingisbornofachoice.Artfulthinkingdemandseffortfulmindfulnesstoensurethatwhatwedo,whatwehopetoachievebyusingthesetechnologicaltools,willnotweakenourhumanity.AsThichNhatHanhsaid,“Mindfullivingisanart,andeachofushastotraintobeanartist.”8.Whatcanwelearnaboutartfulthinking?A.Itsimplifiesproblem-solving. B.Itfocusesondevelopingourbrains.C.Itpreventsusfromover-relyingonAI. D.Ithelpspromotehigh-techmachinery.9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Benefitsofartfulintelligence. B.Mind-bodyawarenessinthinking.C.Significanceofbeingmindful. D.Socialinteractionthroughmovements.10.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestwedointheAI-filledworld?A.Enhancetheflexibilityofattention. B.AdapttotheriseofAI.C.AvoidtheinterruptionsfromBigTech. D.Improvethelevelsoffocus.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ArtfulThinkingAdvancesBigTech B.TooMuchTrustinAIHarmsOurMindsC.PhysicalActionsBetterCognitiveFunctions D.MindfulnessKeepsUsHumanintheAgeofAI【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了在AI時(shí)代正念思維對(duì)保持人性的重要性?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Aphilosophyofartfulthinkingisagoodwaytoavoidthis.Tothinkartfullymeanstosolveproblemsusingnotjustourbrains,butalsoourhands,eyes,andears,alongwithouremotions.Thisapproachtapsintothecognitive(認(rèn)知的)resourcesthatarespreadthroughoutourbodiesbutoftengounused.(巧妙思考的哲學(xué)是避免這種情況的好方法。巧妙思考意味著不僅要用大腦，還要用手、眼睛、耳朵以及情感來(lái)解決問(wèn)題。這種方法利用了我們身體中分布但常常未被利用的認(rèn)知資源)”可知，巧妙思考能防止我們過(guò)度依賴(lài)人工智能。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“Changinghowwethinkishardwork.Anditstartswithamindfulnesspractice.Accessingartfulintelligencerequiresbeingmindfulofhowwethinkwithourbody,howweuseourlimbs(四肢),organs,andemotionstomakesenseoftheworld.(改變我們的思維方式是一項(xiàng)艱苦的工作。它始于正念練習(xí)。獲取巧妙智慧需要留意我們?nèi)绾斡蒙眢w思考，如何用四肢、器官和情感來(lái)理解世界)”可知，第三段主要講了思考中的身心意識(shí)。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“IfyouwanttofindmorefreedominthisAI-filledworld,improveyourabilitytomindfullyshiftyourattentionbetweendifferentobjectsorlevelsoffocus.(如果你想在這個(gè)充滿(mǎn)人工智能的世界中找到更多的自由，提高你自覺(jué)地在不同物體或注意力層次之間轉(zhuǎn)移注意力的能力)”可推知，作者建議我們?cè)诔錆M(mǎn)人工智能的世界里增強(qiáng)注意力的靈活性。故選A。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Artfulthinkingdemandseffortfulmindfulnesstoensurethatwhatwedo,whatwehopetoachievebyusingthesetechnologicaltools,willnotweakenourhumanity.AsThichNhatHanhsaid,“Mindfullivingisanart,andeachofushastotraintobeanartist.”(巧妙思考需要努力保持正念，以確保我們所做的，以及我們希望通過(guò)使用這些技術(shù)工具實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)，不會(huì)削弱我們的人性。正如一行禪師所說(shuō)：“正念生活是一門(mén)藝術(shù)，我們每個(gè)人都必須訓(xùn)練成為藝術(shù)家?！?”結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要論述了在人工智能時(shí)代，保持正念的重要性，它能讓我們保持人性，不被技術(shù)所吞噬。D選項(xiàng)“正念讓我們?cè)谌斯ぶ悄軙r(shí)代保持人性”最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選D。DWeallpursueanidealweightnumberforhealthandconfidence,oftenusingchildhoodmemories,onlinecalculatorsorBMIcharts.However,Dr.YoniFreedhoffwarnsthesemethodsfailtoconsiderindividualdifferences.Ourbodieschangedramaticallywithageduetometabolism(新陳代謝)andlifestyle.FordecadesBodyMassIndex(BMI)dominatedweightassessments.Thissimpleheight-weightcalculationsortspeoplefromunderweighttooverweight.YetDr.MelanieJayfromNYUpointsoutitsproblems:BMIgivesthesamerangesfor20-year-oldathletesand70-year-oldgrandparents.Itignoresmusclemass,bonedensity,andhealthconditions,sometimesregardingfitindividualsasoverweight.Recentstudiesshowthatnearly30%ofpeopleclassifiedasoverweightbyBMIactuallyhavehealthybodyfatpercentagesandnormalmetabolicprofiles.NewermetricsliketheBodyRoundnessIndex(BRI)focusonwaistsizeinsteadofweight.“Bellyfatismoredangerousthanoverallweight,”saysDr.Jay.Researchindicatesfataroundorgansproducesharmfulchemicalslinkedtodiabetesandheartdisease.However,evenBRIhaslimitations—itcan’tdistinguishbetweenfattypesoraccountformedicalconditionsaffectingbellysize,suchasdigestivedisorders.Doctorsincreasinglyemphasizeoverallhealthmarkersoverspecificweights.“Insteadoffocusingona’magicnumber,’weexaminebloodpressure,cholesterol(膽固醇),sleepqualityandenergylevels,”notesDr.Jay.Forthosewithweight-relatedconditions,even5-10%weightlosscansignificantlyimprovehealth.A2023studyfoundpatientswhoachievedmodestweightreductionshowedbetterhealthmarkersthanthosepursuingextremeweightloss.Thehealthiestweight,expertsagree,isn’tfoundonchartsbutthroughsustainablehabits.“Whenyoueatnutritiouslyandstayactive,yourbodyfindsitsnaturalhealthyweight,”advisesDr.Freedhoff.Forsome,medicationsorsurgerymayhelp,buttherealgoalislifestylechange—nottoachieveanidealnumberonyourscale.Truehealth,afterall,ismeasurednotbyamomentaryreadingonascale,butbythedailychoicesthatnourishbothbodyandlife.12.Whydoestheauthormention20-year-oldathletesand70-year-oldgrandparents?A.ToshowBMI’slimitations. B.ToproveBMI’spopularity.C.TodescribeBMI’smainusers. D.TointroduceBMI’stargetgroup.13.WhatisthemainadvantageofBRI?A.Itclarifiesdifferentkindsoffat. B.Itevaluatesalltypesofbodyfat.C.Itmeasureshighlyriskybodyfat. D.Itidentifiesharmfulchemicalsinfat.14.WhatisDr.Jay’ssuggestionforweightassessment?A.StoppingusingBMI. B.Focusingonspecificweights.C.Consideringmultiplehealthsigns. D.Adoptingrapidweightlossapproaches.15.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofpeople’spursuinganidealweightnumber?A.Reasonable. B.Unhelpful. C.Dangerous. D.Practical.【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章指出人們常用童年記憶、BMI等方式追求理想體重，但這些方法忽視個(gè)體差異；分析BMI（未考慮年齡、肌肉量等）和BRI（未區(qū)分脂肪類(lèi)型）的局限性，強(qiáng)調(diào)醫(yī)生應(yīng)關(guān)注整體健康指標(biāo)（血壓、膽固醇等），并指出健康體重源于可持續(xù)生活習(xí)慣，而非數(shù)字。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“YetDr.MelanieJayfromNYUpointsoutitsproblems:BMIgivesthesamerangesfor20-year-oldathletesand70-year-oldgrandparents.Itignoresmusclemass,bonedensity,andhealthconditions,sometimesregardingfitindividualsasoverweight.(然而，紐約大學(xué)的梅勒妮·杰伊（MelanieJay）博士指出了它的問(wèn)題：BMI給出的范圍與20歲的運(yùn)動(dòng)員和70歲的祖父母相同。它忽略了肌肉量、骨密度和健康狀況，有時(shí)將健康的人視為超重。)”可知，提及“20歲運(yùn)動(dòng)員與70歲祖父母”是為了舉例說(shuō)明BMI的局限性——對(duì)不同年齡、身體狀況的人使用相同標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“NewermetricsliketheBodyRoundnessIndex(BRI)focusonwaistsizeinsteadofweight.“Bellyfatismoredangerousthanoverallweight,”saysDr.Jay.Researchindicatesfataroundorgansproducesharmfulchemicalslinkedtodiabetesandheartdisease.(像身體圓度指數(shù)（BRI）這樣的新指標(biāo)關(guān)注的是腰圍而不是體重?！案共恐颈日w體重更危險(xiǎn)，”杰伊博士說(shuō)。研究表明，器官周?chē)闹緯?huì)產(chǎn)生與糖尿病和心臟病有關(guān)的有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)。)”可知，BRI的優(yōu)勢(shì)是“關(guān)注腰圍（即內(nèi)臟脂肪），而內(nèi)臟脂肪比整體體重更危險(xiǎn)”，即測(cè)量高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)脂肪。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中““Insteadoffocusingona’magicnumber,’weexaminebloodpressure,cholesterol(膽固醇),sleepqualityandenergylevels,”notesDr.Jay.(杰伊博士指出：“我們不是把注意力集中在一個(gè)‘神奇的數(shù)字’上，而是檢查血壓、膽固醇、睡眠質(zhì)量和能量水平。”)”可知，杰伊博士建議“關(guān)注血壓、膽固醇等多種健康指標(biāo)，而非單一體重?cái)?shù)字”。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“However,Dr.YoniFreedhoffwarnsthesemethodsfailtoconsiderindividualdifferences.(然而，YoniFreedhoff博士警告說(shuō)，這些方法沒(méi)有考慮到個(gè)體差異。)”、第二段中“Itignoresmusclemass,bonedensity,andhealthconditions,sometimesregardingfitindividualsasoverweight.Recentstudiesshowthatnearly30%ofpeopleclassifiedasoverweightbyBMIactuallyhavehealthybodyfatpercentagesandnormalmetabolicprofiles.(它忽略了肌肉量、骨密度和健康狀況，有時(shí)將健康的人視為超重。最近的研究表明，近30%被BMI分類(lèi)為超重的人實(shí)際上有健康的體脂百分比和正常的代謝譜。)”及最后一段中“Thehealthiestweight,expertsagree,isn’tfoundonchartsbutthroughsustainablehabits.(專(zhuān)家們一致認(rèn)為，最健康的體重不是在圖表上找到的，而是通過(guò)可持續(xù)的習(xí)慣找到的。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為“追求理想體重?cái)?shù)字”的方法存在缺陷，且健康體重源于習(xí)慣而非數(shù)字，故該行為“無(wú)幫助”。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Imagineclimbingamountainandgettinghalfwayupandsayingtoyourself,“Youknowwhat,I’mgoingtoclimbbackdownandfinishthislater.”____16____Wehaveprojectsthatsitwaitingtobecompleted.Somepeoplestartcollegebutnevergraduate.Wehavebooksthatweneverfinishreading.____17____Manypeoplearegreatatbeginningthingsbutcan’tseemtofinishstrong.Notfinishingwhatwestartedhasbeenarepeatedproblemforus.Wehavetofaceit.____18____Wheneverwedelay,orputtotheside,thethingsthatwillhelpusaccomplishourgoals,westopdevelopingourpotential.Notfinishingnotonlycausesustostopmakingprogressbutalsowefinditharderwheneverwedodecidetostartagain.Considerthis:everytimeIbeginanewexerciseprogrammymusclesaresore(疼)forafewdays.Afterafewweeksofroutine,themusclesgetaccustomedtotheprogramandgrowstronger.Thus,nomoresoremuscles.Well,whenItakesometimeoffIfearstartingagain.____19____Strongfinishersareabletofocusongettingthebestresultfromanythingthattheystart.Sohowdoweknowthatweareastrongfinisher?Alongwiththehugefeelingofaccomplishment,otherpeoplewillbegintonoticethechange.___20___Theywillhavenochoicebuttorecognizeourstrongfinishingability.Wewillberewardedwithmoretrustfromthem.A.Thelistgoesonandon.B.Weshouldhavetheconfidence.C.Whydon’twehavetheinterestanymore?D.Soundssilly,butthatiswhatwedoallofthetime.E.Iknowthatmymusclesaregoingtobesoreagain.F.Theywillseeweareabletoclimbandconquerthemountain.G.Notbeingastrongfinishercanlimitourabilitytoconquerourgoals.【答案】16.D17.A18.G19.E20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章分析我們生活中常見(jiàn)的半途而廢的現(xiàn)象以及帶來(lái)的影響?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Imagineclimbingamountainandgettinghalfwayupandsayingtoyourself,“Youknowwhat,I’mgoingtoclimbbackdownandfinishthislater.(想象一下，你正在爬山，爬到半山腰的時(shí)候，你對(duì)自己說(shuō)：我先下山，以后再繼續(xù)爬完)”可知，作者通過(guò)這樣一種調(diào)侃的語(yǔ)調(diào)描述一種自欺欺人的說(shuō)法，只是為半途而廢找一種借口。實(shí)際上不會(huì)再回來(lái)爬完。所以下句會(huì)直接擺明自己的觀點(diǎn)，這聽(tīng)起來(lái)很蠢，但實(shí)際上我們大多數(shù)人都這樣。選項(xiàng)D“Soundssilly,butthatiswhatwedoallofthetime.(這聽(tīng)起來(lái)很蠢，但這就是我們一直在做的事)”符合語(yǔ)義，故選D。17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Wehaveprojectsthatsitwaitingtobecompleted.Somepeoplestartcollegebutnevergraduate.Wehavebooksthatweneverfinishreading(我們有一些項(xiàng)目等待完成。有些人上了大學(xué)卻從未畢業(yè)，我們有些書(shū)永遠(yuǎn)看不完)”可知，這里舉了三個(gè)半途而廢的例子，下句會(huì)以一個(gè)概括句的形式進(jìn)行總結(jié)收尾。選項(xiàng)A“Thelistgoesonandon.(這樣的例子不勝枚舉)”符合語(yǔ)義，故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Notfinishingwhatwestartedhasbeenarepeatedproblemforus.Wehavetofaceit.(對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，開(kāi)始的事情沒(méi)有完成是一個(gè)反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題。我們要面對(duì)它)”可知，這里講述半途而廢是一個(gè)反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題，則下句要解釋這一問(wèn)題有哪些弊端，選項(xiàng)G“Notbeingastrongfinishercanlimitourabilitytoconquerourgoals.(不能成為一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的終結(jié)者會(huì)限制我們征服目標(biāo)的能力)”，符合語(yǔ)義，引出下文“Wheneverwedelay,orputtotheside,thethingsthatwillhelpusaccomplishourgoals,westopdevelopingourpotential.(每當(dāng)我們拖延或擱置那些有助于我們實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的事情時(shí)，我們就會(huì)停止開(kāi)發(fā)自己的潛力)”講拖延會(huì)停止開(kāi)發(fā)自己的潛力。故選G。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Considerthis:everytimeIbeginanewexerciseprogrammymusclesaresoreforafewdays.Afterafewweeksofroutine,themusclesgetaccustomedtotheprogramandgrowstronger.Thus,nomoresoremuscles.Well,whenItakesometimeoffIfearstartingagain.(想象一下：每次我重新鍛煉，我的肌肉會(huì)疼好幾天。但經(jīng)過(guò)幾周的常規(guī)訓(xùn)練，肌肉會(huì)適應(yīng)這個(gè)訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃，變得更強(qiáng)壯，這時(shí)就沒(méi)有了肌肉酸痛。但當(dāng)我休假的時(shí)候，我害怕重新開(kāi)始)”可知，重新開(kāi)始意味著新一輪的肌肉酸痛。選項(xiàng)E“Iknowthatmymusclesaregoingtobesoreagain.(我知道我的肌肉又要酸痛了)”符合語(yǔ)義，故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Alongwiththehugefeelingofaccomplishment,otherpeoplewillbegintonoticethechange.(伴隨著巨大的成就感，其他人也會(huì)開(kāi)始注意到這種變化)”可知，下句會(huì)引出其他人看到的變化內(nèi)容。選項(xiàng)F“Theywillseeweareabletoclimbandconquerthemountain.(他們將看到我們能夠攀登和征服這座山)”符合語(yǔ)義，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwasonthewaytomyfather’shouse.Theconstantdrizzlemademydrivingalittle____21____.Suddenly,mycarbeganfishtailingand____22____towardabankwhereitrolledoverthreetimes.Passingdrivers____23____tohelp.Anurseappearedand____24____myneckandsomeonecalled911.Thefiredepartmentarrived,and,withmuch____25____,removedmefromthevehicle.Soon,IlearnedIhadbrokenmybackandneckandwouldneedtobetransportedtoanotherhospitalequippedtohandleserious____26____.Thedoctorsthereorderedaplasticbodycast(全身石膏)tobemadeforme.WhenIwasfinallydischarged,Iwastoldtokeepthebodycastonforfourmonths.Ihadalwaysbeenactive,sobeingrestrictedwascompletely____27____tome.IfeltlikeIhadlost____28____ofmylife.Idecidedtogetmylifeback.Ibeganphysicaltherapyandafter____29____fortydays,Ireturnedtomyjob,____30____mybodycastunderneathmyclothes.WhileIhadtolimithowImoved,Icouldfunctionfairly_____31_____.Whenthebodycast____32____,Icontinuedphysicaltherapyandwasdoingyogawithinoneyear.Inever____33____myabilitytorecover.Ialwayskeptmyeyesonthe____34____,whichwasregainingmynormalactivities,eventhoughIcouldn’tdoallthethingsin____35____thesamewayIdidbefore.IwasfortunatetobealiveandtohavetheabilitytodowhatIcouldstilldo.21.A.thrilling B.challenging C.refreshing D.boring22.A.headed B.jumped C.pointed D.leaned23.A.spedup B.brokedown C.pulledover D.watchedout24.A.rubbed B.turned C.grabbed D.stabilized25.A.effort B.amusement C.kindness D.compromise26.A.accidents B.injuries C.consequences D.crises27.A.accessible B.harmful C.engaging D.foreign28.A.track B.control C.sight D.count29.A.gaining B.recording C.missing D.lasting30.A.wearing B.abandoning C.improving D.restoring31.A.automatically B.quickly C.normally D.tirelessly32.A.carriedon B.turnedaround C.ranout D.cameoff33.A.developed B.doubted C.overestimated D.recognized34.A.prize B.talent C.cost D.health35.A.slightly B.basically C.exactly D.typically【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.A26.B27.D28.B29.D30.A31.C32.D33.B34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者車(chē)禍后積極康復(fù)重獲生活的經(jīng)歷。21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：連綿不斷的細(xì)雨讓我的駕駛有點(diǎn)困難。A.thrilling令人興奮的；B.challenging有挑戰(zhàn)性的，困難的；C.refreshing令人耳目一新的；D.boring無(wú)聊的。根據(jù)上文“Theconstantdrizzle”和后文“mycarbeganfishtailing”可知，細(xì)雨會(huì)讓駕駛變得困難，車(chē)開(kāi)始打滑。故選B。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，我的車(chē)開(kāi)始打滑，向一個(gè)斜坡沖去，翻了三圈。A.headed朝……行進(jìn)；B.jumped跳；C.pointed指向；D.leaned傾斜。根據(jù)上文“mycarbeganfishtailing”和后文“towardabankwhereitrolledoverthreetimes”可知，車(chē)開(kāi)始打滑，朝斜坡沖去。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：路過(guò)的司機(jī)停車(chē)來(lái)幫忙。A.spedup加速；B.brokedown出故障；C.pulledover靠邊停車(chē)；D.watchedout小心。根據(jù)前文“Passingdrivers”和后文“tohelp”以及常識(shí)可知，路過(guò)的司機(jī)靠邊停車(chē)來(lái)幫忙。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一名護(hù)士出現(xiàn)了，固定住我的脖子，有人撥打了911。A.rubbed摩擦；B.turned轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；C.grabbed抓??；D.stabilized固定。根據(jù)后文“myneck”以及“IlearnedIhadbrokenmybackandneck”可知，頸部受傷時(shí)需避免移動(dòng)，stabilized體現(xiàn)“固定頸部以防二次傷害”，符合急救常識(shí)。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：消防隊(duì)趕到了，費(fèi)了好大的勁才把我從車(chē)?yán)锞瘸鰜?lái)。A.effort努力；B.amusement娛樂(lè)；C.kindness善良；D.compromise妥協(xié)。根據(jù)上文“Thefiredepartmentarrived,and,withmuch”以及后文“removedmefromthevehicle”可知，消防隊(duì)費(fèi)了好大的勁才把作者從車(chē)?yán)锞瘸鰜?lái)。withmucheffort表示“費(fèi)了很大勁”，符合“艱難救援”的語(yǔ)境。故選A。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，我就知道我摔斷了背和脖子，需要被轉(zhuǎn)移到另一家有能力處理嚴(yán)重傷害的醫(yī)院。A.accidents事故；B.injuries傷害；C.consequences結(jié)果；D.crises危機(jī)。根據(jù)上文“Ihadbrokenmybackandneck”可知，作者摔斷了背和脖子，需要被轉(zhuǎn)移到另一家有能力處理嚴(yán)重傷害的醫(yī)院。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我一直很活躍，所以行動(dòng)受限對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)完全是陌生的。A.accessible可到達(dá)的；B.harmful有害的；C.engaging迷人的；D.foreign陌生的。根據(jù)上文“Ihadalwaysbeenactive,sobeingrestrictedwascompletely”可知，作者一直很活躍，所以被限制是完全陌生的生活。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我感覺(jué)自己的生活仿佛失控了。A.track軌道；B.control控制；C.sight視力；D.count計(jì)數(shù)。根據(jù)上文“Ihadalwaysbeenactive,sobeingrestrictedwascompletely”和下文“Idecidedtogetmylifeback.”可知，作者一直很活躍，所以被限制讓作者覺(jué)得失去了生活的控制權(quán)。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我開(kāi)始接受物理治療，在持續(xù)了40天后，我回到了工作崗位，衣服下面還穿著全身石膏。A.gaining獲得；B.recording記錄；C.missing錯(cuò)過(guò)；D.lasting持續(xù)。根據(jù)后文“fortydays,Ireturnedtomyjob”可知，在持續(xù)了40天的物理治療后，作者回到了工作崗位。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.wearing穿著；B.abandoning拋棄；C.improving改善；D.restoring恢復(fù)。根據(jù)后文“mybodycastunderneathmyclothes”可知，作者把全身石膏穿在衣服下面。故選A。【31題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我不得不限制自己的活動(dòng)方式，但我基本能正常工作。A.automatically自動(dòng)地；B.quickly快速地；C.normally正常地；D.tirelessly不知疲倦地。根據(jù)上文“WhileIhadtolimithowImoved,Icouldfunctionfairly”可知，此處指“基本正常工作”，normally符合“雖有局限但不影響主要功能”的語(yǔ)境。故選C。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：當(dāng)身體石膏脫掉后，我繼續(xù)接受物理治療，并在一年內(nèi)開(kāi)始做瑜伽。A.carriedon繼續(xù)；B.turnedaround轉(zhuǎn)身；C.ranout用完；D.cameoff脫落。根據(jù)后文“Icontinuedphysicaltherapyandwasdoingyogawithinoneyear”可知，石膏在恢復(fù)后會(huì)“拆除”，cameoff體現(xiàn)“石膏從身上取下”的動(dòng)作，符合“治療后期拆除石膏”的流程。故選D。【33題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我從未懷疑過(guò)自己恢復(fù)的能力。A.developed發(fā)展；B.doubted懷疑；C.overestimated高估；D.recognized識(shí)別。根據(jù)后文“Ialwayskeptmyeyesonthe14,whichwasregainingmynormalactivities”可知，作者從未懷疑過(guò)自己恢復(fù)的能力，專(zhuān)注于恢復(fù)正?；顒?dòng)。故選B。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我始終專(zhuān)注于目標(biāo)，這個(gè)目標(biāo)就是恢復(fù)正常活動(dòng)，盡管我無(wú)法完全像以前那樣做所有事情。A.prize獎(jiǎng)品，難以爭(zhēng)取的重要事物；B.talent才能；C.cost花費(fèi)；D.health健康。根據(jù)后文“whichwasregainingmynormalactivities”可知，作